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Ji R, Guan L, Hu Z, Cheng Y, Cai M, Zhao G, Zang J. A comprehensive review on hemocyanin from marine products: Structure, functions, its implications for the food industry and beyond. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132041. [PMID: 38705315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Hemocyanin, an oxygen-transport protein, is widely distributed in the hemolymph of marine arthropods and mollusks, playing an important role in their physiological processes. Recently, hemocyanin has been recognized as a multifunctional glycoprotein involved in the immunological responses of aquatic invertebrates. Consequently, the link between hemocyanin functions and their potential applications has garnered increased attention. This review offers an integrated overview of hemocyanin's structure, physicochemical characteristics, and bioactivities to further promote the utilization of hemocyanin derived from marine products. Specifically, we review its implication in two aspects of food and aquaculture industries: quality and health. Hemocyanin's inducible phenoloxidase activity is thought to be an inducer of melanosis in crustaceans. New anti-melanosis agents targeted to hemocyanin need to be explored. The red-color change observed in shrimp shells is related to hemocyanin, affecting consumer preferences. Hemocyanin's adaptive modification in response to the aquatic environment is available as a biomarker. Additionally, hemocyanin is endowed with bioactivities encompassing anti-microbial, antiviral, and therapeutic activities. Hemocyanin is also a novel allergen and its allergenic features remain incompletely characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ji
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Leying Guan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziyan Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yishen Cheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng Cai
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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2
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Chiramba C, Möller DS, Lorenz CD, Chirombo RR, Mason AJ, Bester MJ, Gaspar ARM. Tryptophan End-Tagging Confers Antifungal Activity on a Tick-Derived Peptide by Triggering Reactive Oxygen Species Production. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15556-15572. [PMID: 38585074 PMCID: PMC10993377 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
WHO has identified several Candida species including Candida albicans as critical priority fungal pathogens due to greater infection prevalence and formation of recalcitrant biofilms. Novel antifungal agents are urgently needed, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being considered as potential alternatives, but inactivity in physiological salt environments, serum, and plasma often limits further therapeutic development. Tryptophan end-tagging is a strategy to overcome these limitations and is thought to selectively enhance membrane permeabilization in both fungal and bacterial plasma membranes. Here, we show that C-terminal tryptophan end-tagging of the tick-derived peptide Os-C transforms an inactive peptide into Os-C(W5), an antifungal peptide capable of preventing the formation of C. albicans biofilms. Mechanistic insight is provided by circular dichroism spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, which demonstrate that tryptophan end-tagging alters the secondary structure of Os-C, while the latter reveals that end-tagging reduces interactions with, and insertion into, a model C. albicans membrane but promotes peptide aggregation on its surface. Interestingly, this leads to the induction of reactive oxygen species production rather than membrane permeabilization, and consequently, oxidative stress leads to cell wall damage. Os-C(W5) does not induce the hemolysis of human erythrocytes. Reduced cell adhesion and viability contribute to decreased biofilm extracellular matrix formation which, although reduced, is retained in the serum-containing medium. In this study, tryptophan end-tagging was identified as a promising strategy for enhancing the antifungal activity, including the biofilm inhibitory activity of Os-C against C. albicans in physiological salt environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Court
K. Chiramba
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and
Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Dalton S. Möller
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and
Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | | | - Rumbidzai R. Chirombo
- Department
of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - A. James Mason
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, U.K.
| | - Megan J. Bester
- Department
of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Anabella R. M. Gaspar
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and
Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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3
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Thomas AM, Antony SP. Marine Antimicrobial Peptides: An Emerging Nightmare to the Life-Threatening Pathogens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:552-578. [PMID: 37022565 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens due to improper usage of conventional antibiotics has created a global health crisis. Alternatives to antibiotics being an urgent need, the scientific community is forced to search for new antimicrobials. This exploration has led to the discovery of antimicrobial peptides, a group of small peptides occurring in different phyla such as Porifera, Cnidaria, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Chordata, as a component of their innate immune system. The marine environment, possessing immense diversity of organisms, is undoubtedly one of the richest sources of unique potential antimicrobial peptides. The distinctiveness of marine antimicrobial peptides lies in their broad-spectrum activity, mechanism of action, less cytotoxicity, and high stability, which form the benchmark for developing a potential therapeutic. This review aims to (1) synthesise the available information on the distinctive antimicrobial peptides discovered from marine organisms, particularly over the last decade, and (2) discuss the distinctiveness of marine antimicrobial peptides and their prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Maria Thomas
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Swapna P Antony
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India.
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Chen P, Ye T, Li C, Praveen P, Hu Z, Li W, Shang C. Embracing the era of antimicrobial peptides with marine organisms. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:331-346. [PMID: 37743806 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2018 to Jun of 2023The efficiency of traditional antibiotics has been undermined by the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, necessitating the pursuit of innovative therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are part of host defence peptides found ubiquitously in nature, exhibiting a wide range of activity towards bacteria, fungi, and viruses, offer a highly promising candidate solution. The efficacy of AMPs can frequently be augmented via alterations to their amino acid sequences or structural adjustments. Given the vast reservoir of marine life forms and their distinctive ecosystems, marine AMPs stand as a burgeoning focal point in the quest for alternative peptide templates extracted from natural sources. Advances in identification and characterization techniques have accelerated the discoveries of marine AMPs, thereby stimulating AMP customization, optimization, and synthesis research endeavours. This review presents an overview of recent discoveries related to the intriguing qualities of marine AMPs. Emphasis will be placed upon post-translational modifications (PTMs) of marine AMPs and how they may impact functionality and potency. Additionally, this review considers ways in which marine PTM might support larger-scale, heterologous AMP manufacturing initiatives, providing insights into translational applications of these important biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Chunyuan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Praveen Praveen
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Wenyi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Chenjing Shang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Zhang X, Zhuang H, Wu S, Mao C, Dai Y, Yan H. Marine Bioactive Peptides: Anti-Photoaging Mechanisms and Potential Skin Protective Effects. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:990-1009. [PMID: 38392181 PMCID: PMC10887644 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin photoaging, resulting from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation, is a form of exogenous aging that not only impacts the aesthetic aspect of the skin but also exhibits a strong correlation with the onset of skin cancer. Nonetheless, the safety profile of non-natural anti-photoaging medications and the underlying physiological alterations during the process of photoaging remain inadequately elucidated. Consequently, there exists a pressing necessity to devise more secure interventions involving anti-photoaging drugs. Multiple studies have demonstrated the noteworthy significance of marine biomolecules in addressing safety concerns related to anti-photoaging and safeguarding the skin. Notably, bioactive peptides have gained considerable attention in anti-photoaging research due to their capacity to mitigate the physiological alterations associated with photoaging, including oxidative stress; inflammatory response; the abnormal expression of matrix metalloproteinase, hyaluronidase, and elastase; and excessive melanin synthesis. This review provides a systematic description of the research progress on the anti-photoaging and skin protection mechanism of marine bioactive peptides. The focus is on the utilization of marine bioactive peptides as anti-photoaging agents, aiming to offer theoretical references for the development of novel anti-photoaging drugs and methodologies. Additionally, the future prospects of anti-aging drugs are discussed, providing an initial reference for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hong Zhuang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chen Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yaxi Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haiyang Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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6
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Vishwakarma M, Haider T, Soni V. Update on fungal lipid biosynthesis inhibitors as antifungal agents. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127517. [PMID: 37863019 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Fungal diseases today represent a world-wide problem. Poor hygiene and decreased immunity are the main reasons behind the manifestation of this disease. After COVID-19, an increase in the rate of fungal infection has been observed in different countries. Different classes of antifungal agents, such as polyenes, azoles, echinocandins, and anti-metabolites, as well as their combinations, are currently employed to treat fungal diseases; these drugs are effective but can cause some side effects and toxicities. Therefore, the identification and development of newer antifungal agents is a current need. The fungal cell comprises many lipids, such as ergosterol, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Ergosterol is a sterol lipid that is only found in fungal cells. Various pathways synthesize all these lipids, and the activities of multiple enzymes govern these pathways. Inhibiting these enzymes will ultimately impede the lipid synthesis pathway, and this phenomenon could be a potential antifungal therapy. This review will discuss various lipid synthesis pathways and multiple antifungal agents identified as having fungal lipid synthesis inhibition activity. This review will identify novel compounds that can inhibit fungal lipid synthesis, permitting researchers to direct further deep pharmacological investigation and help develop drug delivery systems for such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vishwakarma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., India
| | - Tanweer Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., India; Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gwalior, M.P., India
| | - Vandana Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., India.
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Dias MKHM, Jayathilaka EHTT, Edirisinghe SL, Lim JW, Nikapitiya C, Kang SY, Whang I, De Zoysa M. In-vitro immunomodulatory responses and antiviral activities of antimicrobial peptide octominin against fish pathogenic viruses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109129. [PMID: 37777098 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered a novel approach to stimulate fish antiviral mechanisms for defense against a broad range of viral infections by enhancing immunomodulatory activities. Octominin is an AMP derived from the defense proteins of Octopus minor. In this study, preliminary screening of octominin against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was carried out. Moreover, immune responses upon octominin treatment and IHNV challenge were investigated using fathead minnow (FHM) cells. The CC50s of octominin for FHM and Chinook salmon embryo-214 (CHSE-214) cells were 2146.2 and 1865.2 μg/mL, respectively. With octominin treatment, EC50 resulted in 732.8, 435.1, and 925.9 μg/mL for VHSV, IHNV, and IPNV, respectively. The selectivity indices were 2.9, 4.9, and 2.0, respectively. The transcriptional analysis results demonstrated the induced transcription factors (Irf3; 143-fold, Irf7; 105-fold, and NF-κB; 8-fold), stress response gene (HspB8; 2-fold), and apoptosis functional gene (p53; 3-fold) in octominin treated (500 μg/mL) FHM cells for 48 h. Moreover, IHNV viral copy number was slightly decreased with the octominin treatment (500 μg/mL) in FHM cells. Overall results suggest that octominin could be a potential antiviral agent, although further studies are necessary to understand its mode of action and the mechanism of its antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E H T Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Shan Lakmal Edirisinghe
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woong Lim
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kang
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), Seochun-gun, Chungchungnam-do, 33662, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Efremenko E, Aslanli A, Stepanov N, Senko O, Maslova O. Various Biomimetics, Including Peptides as Antifungals. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:513. [PMID: 37999154 PMCID: PMC10669293 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetics, which are similar to natural compounds that play an important role in the metabolism, manifestation of functional activity and reproduction of various fungi, have a pronounced attraction in the current search for new effective antifungals. Actual trends in the development of this area of research indicate that unnatural amino acids can be used as such biomimetics, including those containing halogen atoms; compounds similar to nitrogenous bases embedded in the nucleic acids synthesized by fungi; peptides imitating fungal analogs; molecules similar to natural substrates of numerous fungal enzymes and quorum-sensing signaling molecules of fungi and yeast, etc. Most parts of this review are devoted to the analysis of semi-synthetic and synthetic antifungal peptides and their targets of action. This review is aimed at combining and systematizing the current scientific information accumulating in this area of research, developing various antifungals with an assessment of the effectiveness of the created biomimetics and the possibility of combining them with other antimicrobial substances to reduce cell resistance and improve antifungal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
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9
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Jayasinghe JNC, Whang I, De Zoysa M. Antifungal Efficacy of Antimicrobial Peptide Octominin II against Candida albicans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14053. [PMID: 37762357 PMCID: PMC10531694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Most clinically isolated Candida albicans strains are drug-resistant, emphasizing the urgent need to discover alternative therapies. In this study, the previously characterized Octominin was modified into a shorter peptide with an 18 amino acid sequence (1GWLIRGAIHAGKAIHGLI18) and named Octominin II. The secondary structure of Octominin II is a random coil with a helical turn and a positive charge (+2.46) with a hydrophobic ratio of 0.46. Octominin II inhibited C. albicans, C. auris, and C. glabrata with minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations against C. albicans of 80 and 120 µg/mL, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed that Octominin II treatment caused ultra-structural changes in C. albicans cells. Furthermore, membrane permeability results for the fluorescent indicator propidium iodide revealed modifications in cell wall integrity in Octominin II-treated C. albicans. Octominin II treatment increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C. albicans. Gene expression studies revealed that Octominin II suppresses virulence genes of C. albicans such as CDR1, TUP1, AGE3, GSC1, SAP2, and SAP9. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay revealed that Octominin II degraded genomic DNA and total RNA in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, Octominin II inhibited and eradicated C. albicans biofilm formation. Octominin II showed relatively less cytotoxicity on raw 264.7 cells (0-200 µg/mL) and hemolysis activity on murine erythrocytes (6.25-100 µg/mL). In vivo studies confirmed that Octominin II reduced the pathogenicity of C. albicans. Overall, the data suggests that Octominin II inhibits C. albicans by employing different modes of action and can be a promising candidate for controlling multidrug-resistant Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. N. C. Jayasinghe
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), Janghang-eup 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
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Espinal P, Fusté E, Sierra JM, Jiménez-Galisteo G, Vinuesa T, Viñas M. Progress towards the clinical use of antimicrobial peptides: challenges and opportunities. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37366927 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2023.2226796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To overcome the challenge of multidrug resistance, natural and synthetic peptides are candidates to become the basis of innovative therapeutics, featuring diverse mechanisms of action. Traditionally, the time elapsed from medical discoveries to their application is long. The urgency derived from the emergence of antibiotic resistance recommends an acceleration of research to put the new weapons in the hands of clinicians. AREAS COVERED This narrative review introduces ideas and suggestions of new strategies that may be used as a basis upon which to recommend reduced development times and to facilitate the arrival of new molecules in the fight against microbes. EXPERT OPINION Although studies on new innovative antimicrobial treatments are being conducted, sooner rather than later, more clinical trials, preclinical and translational research are needed to promote the development of innovative antimicrobial treatments for multidrug resistant infections. The situation is worrying, no less than that generated by pandemics such as the ones we have just experienced and conflicts such as world wars. Although from the point of view of human perception, resistance to antibiotics may not seem as serious as these other situations, it is possibly the hidden pandemic that most jeopardizes the future of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Espinal
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Antimicrobials, Department of Pathology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical School, Campus Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Fusté
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Antimicrobials, Department of Pathology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical School, Campus Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Public Health, Mental Health, And Maternal and Child Health Nursing, University of Barcelona and IDIBELL, Campus Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Sierra
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Antimicrobials, Department of Pathology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical School, Campus Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Jiménez-Galisteo
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Antimicrobials, Department of Pathology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical School, Campus Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Vinuesa
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Antimicrobials, Department of Pathology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical School, Campus Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Viñas
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Antimicrobials, Department of Pathology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical School, Campus Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Punginelli D, Catania V, Abruscato G, Luparello C, Vazzana M, Mauro M, Cunsolo V, Saletti R, Di Francesco A, Arizza V, Schillaci D. New Bioactive Peptides from the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile and Their Impact on Antimicrobial Activity and Apoptosis of Human Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5650. [PMID: 36982723 PMCID: PMC10056643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for new molecules to counter bacterial resistance to antibiotics and tumor cell resistance is increasingly pressing. The Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica is considered a promising source of new bioactive molecules. Polypeptide-enriched fractions of rhizomes and green leaves of the seagrass were tested against Gram-positive (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli), as well as towards the yeast Candida albicans. The aforementioned extracts showed indicative MIC values, ranging from 1.61 μg/mL to 7.5 μg/mL, against the selected pathogens. Peptide fractions were further analyzed through a high-resolution mass spectrometry and database search, which identified nine novel peptides. Some discovered peptides and their derivatives were chemically synthesized and tested in vitro. The assays identified two synthetic peptides, derived from green leaves and rhizomes of P. oceanica, which revealed interesting antibiofilm activity towards S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa (BIC50 equal to 17.7 μg/mL and 70.7 μg/mL). In addition, the natural and derivative peptides were also tested for potential cytotoxic and apoptosis-promoting effects on HepG2 cells, derived from human hepatocellular carcinomas. One natural and two synthetic peptides were proven to be effective against the "in vitro" liver cancer cell model. These novel peptides could be considered a good chemical platform for developing potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Punginelli
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Catania
- Department of Earth and Sea Science (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Blg. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Abruscato
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Blg. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Luparello
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Blg. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mirella Vazzana
- Section of Animal Biology and Anthropology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Manuela Mauro
- Section of Animal Biology and Anthropology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cunsolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Saletti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Francesco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Section of Animal Biology and Anthropology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Antimicrobial Peptide Octominin-Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles Enhanced Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415882. [PMID: 36555539 PMCID: PMC9782812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have become a key solution for controlling multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, and the nanoencapsulation of AMPs has been used as a strategy to overcome challenges, such as poor stability, adverse interactions, and toxicity. In previous studies, we have shown the potent antimicrobial activity of Octominin against Candida albicans and Acinetobacter baumannii. This study is focused on the nanoencapsulation of Octominin with chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as a drug delivery system using the ionotropic gelation technique. Octominin-encapsulated CS nanoparticles (Octominin-CNPs) had an average diameter and zeta potential of 372.80 ± 2.31 nm and +51.23 ± 0.38 mV, respectively, while encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were 96.49 and 40.20%, respectively. Furthermore, Octominin-CNPs showed an initial rapid and later sustained biphasic release profile, and up to 88.26 ± 3.26% of the total Octominin release until 96 h. Transmission electron microscopy data showed the irregular shape of the Octominin-CNPs with aggregations. In vitro and in vivo toxicity of Octominin-CNPs was significantly lower than the Octominin at higher concentrations. The antifungal and antibacterial activities of Octominin-CNPs were slightly higher than those of Octominin in both the time-kill kinetic and microbial viability assays against C. albicans and A. baumannii, respectively. Mode of action assessments of Octominin-CNPs revealed that morphological alterations, cell membrane permeability alterations, and reactive oxygen species generation were slightly higher than those of Octominin at the tested concentrations against both C. albicans and A. baumannii. In antibiofilm activity assays, Octominin-CNPs showed slightly higher biofilm inhibition and biofilm eradication activities compared to that of Octominin. In conclusion, Octominin was successfully encapsulated into CS, and Octominin-CNPs showed lower toxicity and greater antimicrobial activity against C. albicans and A. baumannii compared to Octominin.
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Jayathilaka EHTT, Rajapaksha DC, Nikapitiya C, Lee J, De Zoysa M, Whang I. Novel Antimicrobial Peptide “Octoprohibitin” against Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080928. [PMID: 36015076 PMCID: PMC9415640 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Octoprohibitin is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), derived from the prohibitin-2 gene of Octopus minor. It showed substantial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 200 and 400 µg/mL, respectively. Time-kill kinetics and bacterial viability assays confirmed the concentration-dependent antibacterial activity of octoprohibitin against A. baumannii. The morphology and ultrastructure of A. baumannii were altered by treatment with octoprohibitin at the MIC and MBC levels. Furthermore, propidium iodide-fluorescein diacetate (PI-FDA) staining and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) staining of octoprohibitin-treated A. baumannii revealed membrane permeability alterations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, respectively. Agarose gel retardation results confirmed the DNA-binding ability of octoprohibitin to the genomic DNA of A. baumannii. Furthermore, octoprohibitin showed concentration-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation and eradication. The minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of octoprohibitin were 1000 and 1460 µg/mL, respectively. Octoprohibitin produced no significant cytotoxicity up to 800 µg/mL, and no hemolysis was observed up to 400 µg/mL. Furthermore, in vivo analysis in an A. baumannii-infected zebrafish model confirmed the effective bactericidal activity of octoprohibitin with higher cumulative survival percent (46.6%) and fewer pathological signs. Histological analysis showed reduced alterations in the gut, kidney, and gill tissues in the octoprohibitin-treated group compared with those in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group. In conclusion, our results suggest that octoprohibitin is a potential antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against MDR A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. H. T. Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Dinusha C. Rajapaksha
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Joeun Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro, 101beon-gil, Janghang-eup 33662, Korea;
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.Z.); (I.W.)
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro, 101beon-gil, Janghang-eup 33662, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.D.Z.); (I.W.)
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14
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Yuan C, Zheng X, Liu K, Yuan W, Zhang Y, Mao F, Bao Y. Functional Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, and Potential Antibacterial Mechanisms of NpHM4, a Derived Peptide of Nautilus pompilius Hemocyanin. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070459. [PMID: 35877752 PMCID: PMC9317327 DOI: 10.3390/md20070459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemocyanins present in the hemolymph of invertebrates are multifunctional proteins that are responsible for oxygen transport and play crucial roles in the immune system. They have also been identified as a source of antimicrobial peptides during infection in mollusks. Hemocyanin has also been identified in the cephalopod ancestor Nautilus, but antimicrobial peptides derived from the hemocyanin of Nautilus pompilius have not been reported. Here, the bactericidal activity of six predicted peptides from N. pompilius hemocyanin and seven mutant peptides was analyzed. Among those peptides, a mutant peptide with 15 amino acids (1RVFAGFLRHGIKRSR15), NpHM4, showed relatively high antibacterial activity. NpHM4 was determined to have typical antimicrobial peptide characteristics, including a positive charge (+5.25) and a high hydrophobic residue ratio (40%), and it was predicted to form an alpha-helical structure. In addition, NpHM4 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (MBC = 30 μM for Vibrio alginolyticus), with no cytotoxicity to mammalian cells even at a high concentration of 180 µM. Upon contact with V. alginolyticus cells, we confirmed that the bactericidal activity of NpHM4 was coupled with membrane permeabilization, which was further confirmed via ultrastructural images using a scanning electron microscope. Therefore, our study provides a rationalization for the development and optimization of antimicrobial peptide from the cephalopod ancestor Nautilus, paving the way for future novel AMP development with broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yuan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315604, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kunna Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (K.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Wenbin Yuan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (K.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Fan Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (K.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (Y.B.); Tel.: +86-20-8910-2507 (F.M.)
| | - Yongbo Bao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315604, China
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (Y.B.); Tel.: +86-20-8910-2507 (F.M.)
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15
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Váradi G, Galgóczy L, Tóth GK. Rationally Designed Antimicrobial Peptides Are Potential Tools to Combat Devastating Bacteria and Fungi. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116244. [PMID: 35682921 PMCID: PMC9181708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Györgyi Váradi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - László Galgóczy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, 6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Temesvári krt. 62, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor K. Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- MTA-SZTE Biomimetic Systems Research Group, Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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16
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Lee YCJ, Shirkey JD, Park J, Bisht K, Cowan AJ. An Overview of Antiviral Peptides and Rational Biodesign Considerations. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9898241. [PMID: 37850133 PMCID: PMC10521750 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9898241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral diseases have contributed significantly to worldwide morbidity and mortality throughout history. Despite the existence of therapeutic treatments for many viral infections, antiviral resistance and the threat posed by novel viruses highlight the need for an increased number of effective therapeutics. In addition to small molecule drugs and biologics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent an emerging class of potential antiviral therapeutics. While AMPs have traditionally been regarded in the context of their antibacterial activities, many AMPs are now known to be antiviral. These antiviral peptides (AVPs) have been shown to target and perturb viral membrane envelopes and inhibit various stages of the viral life cycle, from preattachment inhibition through viral release from infected host cells. Rational design of AMPs has also proven effective in identifying highly active and specific peptides and can aid in the discovery of lead peptides with high therapeutic selectivity. In this review, we highlight AVPs with strong antiviral activity largely curated from a publicly available AMP database. We then compile the sequences present in our AVP database to generate structural predictions of generic AVP motifs. Finally, we cover the rational design approaches available for AVPs taking into account approaches currently used for the rational design of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chiang J. Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Jaden D. Shirkey
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Jongbeom Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Karishma Bisht
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Alexis J. Cowan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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17
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Rajapaksha DC, Jayathilaka EHTT, Edirisinghe SL, Nikapitiya C, Lee J, Whang I, De Zoysa M. Octopromycin: Antibacterial and antibiofilm functions of a novel peptide derived from Octopus minor against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:82-94. [PMID: 34311097 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has increased the risk of nosocomial infections, which pose a huge health threat. There is an urgent need to develop alternative therapies, including broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides. In this study, we designed, characterized, and studied the antibacterial, antibiofilm effects and possible mode of actions of a novel synthetic peptide Octopromycin, derived from the proline-rich protein 5 of Octopus minor. Octopromycin consists of 38 amino acids, (+5) net positive charge, high hydrophobic residue ratio (36%), and two α-helix secondary structures. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration against A. baumannii were 50 and 200 μg/mL, respectively. Time-kill kinetics and bacterial viability assays confirmed the concentration-dependent antibacterial activity of Octopromycin. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images clearly showed ultrastructural alterations in Octopromycin-treated A. baumannii cells. Propidium iodide penetrated into Octopromycin-treated A. baumannii cells, demonstrating the loss of cell membrane integrity. Octopromycin treatment increased the production of reactive oxygen species in a concentration-dependent manner, and it inhibited the biofilm formation and showed biofilm eradication activity against A. baumannii. In vitro and in vivo safety evaluation revealed that Octopromycin was nontoxic to HEK293T and Raw 264.7 cells (<400 μg/mL), as well as mice red blood cells (<300 μg/mL), and zebrafish embryos (<4 μg/mL). An in vivo study results revealed that the A. baumannii-infected fish treated with Octopromycin exhibited a significantly higher relative percent survival (37.5%) than the infected mock-treated fish with PBS (16.6%). Furthermore, a decreased bacterial load and fewer alterations in histological analysis confirmed the successful control of A. baumannii by Octopromycin in vivo. Collectively, the results indicate that the antibacterial peptide Octopromycin may achieve rapid control of A. baumannii through multi-target interactions; it presents a desirable therapeutic option for the prevention and control of the infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Rajapaksha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - E H T Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S L Edirisinghe
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Joeun Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro 101beon-gil, Janghang-eup, Seochun-gun, Chungchungnam-do, 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro 101beon-gil, Janghang-eup, Seochun-gun, Chungchungnam-do, 33662, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Jayathilaka EHTT, Rajapaksha DC, Nikapitiya C, De Zoysa M, Whang I. Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Peptide Octominin for Controlling Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105353. [PMID: 34069596 PMCID: PMC8161146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a serious nosocomial pathogen with multiple drug resistance (MDR), the control of which has become challenging due to the currently used antibiotics. Our main objective in this study is to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the antimicrobial peptide, Octominin, against MDR A. baumannii and derive its possible modes of actions. Octominin showed significant bactericidal effects at a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 5 and 10 µg/mL, respectively. Time-kill kinetic analysis and bacterial viability tests revealed that Octominin showed a concentration-dependent antibacterial activity. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis revealed that Octominin treatment altered the morphology and membrane structure of A. baumannii. Propidium iodide (PI) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assays showed that Octominin increased the membrane permeability and ROS generation in A. baumannii, thereby causing bacterial cell death. Further, a lipopolysaccharides (LPS) binding assay showed an Octominin concentration-dependent LPS neutralization ability. Biofilm formation inhibition and eradication assays further revealed that Octominin inhibited biofilm formation and showed a high biofilm eradication activity against A. baumannii. Furthermore, up to a concentration of 100 µg/mL, Octominin caused no hemolysis and cell viability changes in mammalian cells. An in vivo study in zebrafish showed that the Octominin-treated group had a significantly higher relative percentage survival (54.1%) than the untreated group (16.6%). Additionally, a reduced bacterial load and fewer alterations in histological analysis confirmed the successful control of A. baumannii by Octominin in vivo. Collectively, these data suggest that Octominin exhibits significant antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against the multidrug-resistant A. baumannii, and this AMP can be developed further as a potent AMP for the control of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. H. T. Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Dinusha C. Rajapaksha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.Z.); (I.W.)
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro 101 beon-gil, Janghang-eup, Seochun-gun, Chungchungnam-do 33662, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.D.Z.); (I.W.)
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19
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Thulshan Jayathilaka EHT, Liyanage TD, Rajapaksha DC, Dananjaya SHS, Nikapitiya C, Whang I, De Zoysa M. Octominin: An antibacterial and anti-biofilm peptide for controlling the multidrug resistance and pathogenic Streptococcus parauberis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 110:23-34. [PMID: 33378697 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus parauberis is a pathogenic gram-positive bacterium that causes streptococcosis infection in fish. Since S. parauberis is becoming resistant to multiple antibiotics, the development of alternatives, such as antimicrobial peptides, has gained great attention. Octominin, derived from the defense protein of Octopus minor, showed a significant antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistance S. parauberis, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 50 and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, time-kill kinetics, agar diffusion, and bacterial viability assays confirmed the concentration-dependent antibacterial activity of Octominin against S. parauberis. Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis showed morphological and ultra-structural changes in S. parauberis upon Octominin treatment. Moreover, Octominin treatment demonstrated changes in membrane permeability, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and its binding ability to genomic DNA, suggesting its strong bactericidal activity with multiple modes of action. We confirmed the inhibition of biofilm formation and the eradication of existing biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, Octominin on S. parauberis at transcriptional level exhibited downregulation of membrane formation (pgsA and cds1), DNA repairing (recF), biofilm formation (pgaB and epsF) genes, while upregulation of ROS detoxification (sodA) and DNA protecting (ahpF) related genes. An in vivo study confirmed a significantly (P < 0.05) higher relative percentage survival in Octominin-treated larval zebrafish exposed to S. parauberis (93.3%) compared to the control group (20.0%). Collectively, our results confirm that Octominin could be a potential antibacterial and anti-biofilm agent against S. parauberis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H T Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - T D Liyanage
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - D C Rajapaksha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S H S Dananjaya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro 101beon-gil, Janghang-eup, Seochun-gun, Chungchungnam-do, 33662, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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20
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OctoPartenopin: Identification and Preliminary Characterization of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide from the Suckers of Octopus vulgaris. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18080380. [PMID: 32717885 PMCID: PMC7460285 DOI: 10.3390/md18080380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganism resistance to conventional antibiotics represents one of the major global health concerns. This paper focuses on a peptide (OctoPartenopin) extracted from suckers of Octopus vulgaris; bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation was used to identify this sequence, which holds significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. OctoPartenopin is encrypted within the calponin sequence and was associated with the high levels of proteolytic activity already reported in octopus arm suckers. We synthesized the parent peptide and four analogues; all peptide were tested for their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. Preliminary antibiofilm experiments showed that that one of the analogues had the best activity in both inhibition and eradication of biofilm of all three microorganisms tested. The occurrence of OctoPartenopin in arm suckers provided novel speculative information on animal behavior, as concerns maternal care of fertilized eggs. Our results highlight that suckers are a rich source of multifaceted peptides to develop alternative antimicrobial agents and food preservatives.
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21
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Sanjeewa KKA, Nagahawatta DP, Yang HW, Oh JY, Jayawardena TU, Jeon YJ, De Zoysa M, Whang I, Ryu B. Octominin Inhibits LPS-Induced Chemokine and Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Secretion from RAW 264.7 Macrophages via Blocking TLRs/NF-κB Signal Transduction. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E511. [PMID: 32230927 PMCID: PMC7226457 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a well-organized innate immune response that plays an important role during the pathogen attacks and mechanical injuries. The Toll-like receptors (TLR)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a major signal transduction pathway observed in RAW 264.7 macrophages during the inflammatory responses. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Octominin; a bio-active peptide developed from Octopus minor in RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro. Octominin was found to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated transcriptional activation of NF-κB in RAW 264.7 cells and dose-dependently decreased the mRNA expression levels of TLR4. Specifically, in silico docking results demonstrated that Octominin has a potential to inhibit TLR4 mediated inflammatory responses via blocking formation of TLR4/MD-2/LPS complex. We also demonstrated that Octominin could significantly inhibit LPS-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-β; IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and chemokines (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, and CXCL10) from RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, Octominin repressed the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2, inducible NO synthase, and cyclooxygenase 2 in macrophages. These results suggest that Octominin is a potential inhibitor of TLRs/NF-κB signal transduction pathway and is a potential candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. K. Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.K.A.S.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.); (J.Y.O.); (T.U.J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - D. P. Nagahawatta
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.K.A.S.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.); (J.Y.O.); (T.U.J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Hye-Won Yang
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.K.A.S.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.); (J.Y.O.); (T.U.J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Jae Young Oh
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.K.A.S.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.); (J.Y.O.); (T.U.J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Thilina U. Jayawardena
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.K.A.S.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.); (J.Y.O.); (T.U.J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.K.A.S.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.); (J.Y.O.); (T.U.J.); (Y.-J.J.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63333, Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Ilson Whang
- Department of Genetic Resources Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), Chungchungnam-do 33662, Korea
| | - Bomi Ryu
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.K.A.S.); (D.P.N.); (H.-W.Y.); (J.Y.O.); (T.U.J.); (Y.-J.J.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63333, Korea
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