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Farhadian A, Issa MA, Kingsley K, Sullivan V. Analysis of Pediatric Pulpotomy, Pulpectomy, and Extractions in Primary Teeth Revealed No Significant Association with Subsequent Root Canal Therapy and Extractions in Permanent Teeth: A Retrospective Study. Pediatr Rep 2024; 16:438-450. [PMID: 38921703 PMCID: PMC11206693 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric16020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that an ever-growing number of pediatric patients require invasive treatments such as root canal therapy (RCT) in their permanent dentition, albeit with little information about risk factors such as prior invasive treatments of pulpotomy or pulpectomy in their primary dentition. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to determine the number of pediatric patients who have had any type of invasive treatment in their primary teeth, to assess their association with any subsequent invasive treatment (root canal therapy, extractions) in their permanent dentition, and to assess these trends over time. This retrospective study utilized summary data from a clinical pediatric patient pool (ages 0-17) over the period of 2013-2022. This analysis revealed that pediatric patients requiring pulpotomies and pulpectomies in primary dentition declined between 2013 (n = 417, n = 156) and 2022 (n = 250, n = 12), while root canal therapy (RCT) in permanent dentition increased six-fold from n = 54 to n = 330. In addition, few (7.8%) patients with RCT had a previous history of pulpotomy or pulpectomy, which suggests that invasive treatments performed in primary dentition have no direct association with the subsequent need for invasive treatments in permanent dentition, although more research is needed to determine the explanations for these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Farhadian
- Department of Advanced Education in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1700 West Charleston Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA (V.S.)
| | - Mayce Arreem Issa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1700 West Charleston Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Karl Kingsley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Victoria Sullivan
- Department of Advanced Education in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1700 West Charleston Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA (V.S.)
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Boccia G, Di Spirito F, D’Ambrosio F, De Caro F, Pecora D, Giorgio R, Fortino L, Longanella W, Franci G, Santella B, Amato M. Microbial Air Contamination in a Dental Setting Environment and Ultrasonic Scaling in Periodontally Healthy Subjects: An Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032710. [PMID: 36768076 PMCID: PMC9916071 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The risk of microbial air contamination in a dental setting, especially during aerosol-generating dental procedures (AGDPs), has long been recognized, becoming even more relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, individual pathogens were rarely studied, and microbial loads were measured heterogeneously, often using low-sensitivity methods. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess microbial air contamination in the dental environment, identify the microorganisms involved, and determine their count by active air sampling at the beginning (T0), during (T1), and at the end (T2) of ultrasonic scaling in systemically and periodontally healthy subjects. Air microbial contamination was detected at T0 in all samples, regardless of whether the sample was collected from patients treated first or later; predominantly Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus and Bacillus spp. and a minority of fungi, were identified. The number of bacterial colonies at T1 was higher, although the species found were similar to that found during the T0 sampling, whereby Gram-positive bacteria, mainly Streptococcus spp., were identified. Air samples collected at T2 showed a decrease in bacterial load compared to the previous sampling. Further research should investigate the levels and patterns of the microbial contamination of air, people, and the environment in dental settings via ultrasonic scaling and other AGDPs and identify the microorganisms involved to perform the procedure- and patient-related risk assessment and provide appropriate recommendations for aerosol infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Boccia
- Dai Dipartimento Di Igiene Sanitaria e Medicina Valutativa U.O.C. Igiene Ospedaliera, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona Largo Città di Ippocrate, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Federica Di Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco D’Ambrosio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco De Caro
- Dai Dipartimento Di Igiene Sanitaria e Medicina Valutativa U.O.C. Igiene Ospedaliera, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona Largo Città di Ippocrate, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Domenico Pecora
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Riccardo Giorgio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Luigi Fortino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Biagio Santella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Massimo Amato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (M.A.)
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De Haro JC, Rosel EM, Salcedo-Bellido I, Leno-Durán E, Requena P, Barrios-Rodríguez R. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 in the Setting of Dentistry: A Review Article. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16216. [PMID: 36498295 PMCID: PMC9739953 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide pandemic has exposed healthcare professionals to a high risk of infection, exacerbating the situation of uncertainty caused by COVID-19. The objective of this review was to evaluate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental professionals and their patients. A literature review was conducted using Medline-Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, excluding systematic reviews, narratives, meta-analyses, case reports, book chapters, short communications, and congress papers. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. The search retrieved 3879 articles, and 123 of these were selected for the review (7 longitudinal and 116 cross-sectional studies). Elevated anxiety levels were observed in dental professionals, especially in younger and female professionals. Except for orthodontic treatments, patients reported a high level of fear that reduced their demand for dentist treatment to emergency cases alone. The results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has had psychological and emotional consequences for dental professionals and their patients. Further research is necessary to evaluate the persistence of this problem over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva María Rosel
- Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Ester Leno-Durán
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Requena
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
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Cicek T, van der Tas J, Dodson T, Buchbinder D, Fusetti S, Grant M, Leung YY, Roethlisberger E, Aniceto GS, Schramm A, Strong EB, Mast G, Wolvius E. The Global Impact of COVID-19 on Craniomaxillofacial Surgeons: A Follow-Up Survey After One Year. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2022; 15:350-361. [PMID: 36387316 PMCID: PMC9647383 DOI: 10.1177/19433875211057877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Study Design Comparative cross-sectional. Objective To measure the impact that COrona VIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has had on craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgeons after 1 year and compare it with 2020 data by (1) measuring access to adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), (2) performance of elective surgery, and (3) the vaccination status. This should be investigated because most CMF surgeons felt that hospitals did not provide them with adequate PPE. Methods The investigators surveyed the international AO CMF membership using a 30-item online questionnaire and compared it to a previous study. The primary predictor variable was year of survey administration. Primary outcome variables were availability of adequate personal protective equipment (adequate/inadequate), performance of elective surgery (yes/no), and vaccination status (fully vaccinated/partly vaccinated/not vaccinated). Descriptive and analytic statistics were computed. Binary logistic regression models were created to measure the association between year and PPE availability. Statistical significance level was set at P < .05. Results The sample was composed of 523 surgeons (2% response rate). Most surgeons reported access to adequate PPE (74.6%). The most adequate PPE was offered in Europe (87.8%) with the least offered in Africa (45.5%). Surgeons in 2021 were more likely to report adequate PPE compared to 2020 (OR 3.74, 95% CI [2.59-4.39]). Most of the respondents resumed elective surgery (79.5% vs 13.3% in 2020) and were fully vaccinated (59.1%). Conclusions Most CMF surgeons now have access to adequate PPE, resumed elective surgery, and are either fully or partly vaccinated. Future studies should investigate the long-term impact of the fast-evolving COVID-19 pandemic on CMF surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tevfik Cicek
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Justin van der Tas
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Dodson
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Buchbinder
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head
and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefano Fusetti
- Department of Maxillofacial
Surgery, Unit, Dept. of Neuroscience, University of Padova Medical
School, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Grant
- Department of Plastic,
Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of
Medicine, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore,
MD, USA
| | - Yiu Yan Leung
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong
Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Alexander Schramm
- Department of Oral and Plastic
Maxillofacial Surgery, University and Military Hospital
Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Gerson Mast
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Radiology, Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University of
Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Eppo Wolvius
- Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Lou J, Wang G, Jiang M, Xu G. Application Effect of the 6S Care Model in Sterilization in the Department of Stomatology and Its Impact on the Incidence of Nosocomial Infection. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:4266087. [PMID: 35899143 PMCID: PMC9313925 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4266087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to explore the effectiveness of the 6S care model in sterilization in department of stomatology and its impact on the incidence of nosocomial infections. Methods The infection surveillance indicators of the department of stomatology implementing the routine sterilization care model in 2019 were selected as the general group (including 140 patients and 140 cases of oral instrument kits for unpacking), and the infection surveillance indicators of the department of stomatology implementing the 6S care model in 2020 were selected as the 6S group (including 140 patients and 140 cases of oral instrument kits for unpacking). Analysis of the air culture qualification rate of the consultation room + operating room, medical equipment sterilization qualification rate, medical equipment damage rate, incidence of nosocomial infections, satisfaction of medical and nursing staff with instrument sterilization, and patient satisfaction with medical and nursing staff care services under different care models was carried out. Result The air culture pass rate of the consultation room + operating room in the 6S group was 96.43% (135/140), which was higher than 90.00% (126/140) in the general group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P > 0.05). The sterilization pass rate of medical devices in the 6S group was 100% (140/140), which was higher than 95.71% (134/140) in the general group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P > 0.05). The medical device damage rate in the 6S group was 0.71% (1/140), which was lower than 7.14% (10/140) in the general group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P > 0.05). The incidence of nosocomial infection in the 6S group was 0.71% (1/140), lower than 5.71% (8/140) in the general group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P > 0.05). In the 6S care model, the satisfaction score of 38 healthcare workers with the disinfection of instruments was (96.55 ± 2.40), which was higher than that of the general group (87.79 ± 3.14), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P > 0.05). The total nursing satisfaction of the 6S group was 97.86% (137/140), which was higher than 91.43% (128/140) of the general group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion The application of the 6S care model in the sterilization of the department of stomatology can significantly improve the passing rate of infection monitoring indicators in the department of stomatology, reduce the occurrence of medical device damage and nosocomial infection, and have high satisfaction among doctors and patients, which has the value of promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lou
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Man Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Guochao Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
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The dental office: A safe place against COVID19 and other future pandemics. ADVANCES IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9101862 DOI: 10.1016/j.adoms.2022.100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pandemic caused by the spread of COVID19 generated throughout the world great changes in all areas of life. Social distancing was carried out very drastically in some countries, and even in the field of dental care, some countries prohibited the practice of dentistry. Objective To demonstrate that the dental office is safe regarding the possibility of contagion of Sars-Cov-2 as long as good biosecurity protocols are used. Methods A structured survey of 19 questions was applied to 103 patients who subsequently attended a periodontics and oral and maxillofacial surgery office in Mexico, to receive care from these specialties between April 2020 and July 2021. The questions posed in this survey were aimed at knowing the opinion of the patients regarding the measures that this establishment has for the prevention of the transmission of COVID19, as well as questions regarding the possible effects of attending this office in contagion of the disease from patients and their families. Results A total of 18 (17.5%) patients reported having suffered COVID19, and none reported that they fell ill after the consultation. None of the clinic's specialists and assistants have fallen ill with COVID-19 during the pandemic. Conclusions It is not necessary to suspend or condition dental care during times of pandemics such as what happened with COVID19, as long as strict safety protocols are observed within clinical facilities.
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Lestari W, Yazid NH, Azhar ZN, Ismail A, Sukotjo C. Impact of COVID-19 on Malaysian dental students' physical, mental, financial and academic concerns. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:46. [PMID: 35197029 PMCID: PMC8865728 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has gained worldwide attention and proved to hold an impact to humankind in all aspects of life. Dental students’ performances may indirectly be affected following the preventive measures in containing the disease. This study aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical, mental, financial health and academic concern among dental students in Malaysia. Methods The current research implemented a cross sectional study among dental students in Malaysia. Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on dental education was done by the distribution of a set of online survey consisting of 28 questions to dental students (n = 353) from public and private universities in Malaysia. The questionnaires include sociodemographic backgrounds and assessment on the mental health, financial health, physical health and academic concern. Kruskal Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to analyse the impact of COVID-19 to these 4 domains according to sociodemographic background. Results A total number of 353 respondents was recorded and 76.2% comprised of female. 59.7% were clinical students and 40.3% were preclinical students. Most of students were concerned about their own emotional health, financial concern, physical wellbeing, in which Year 3 students were found to be more concerned about their mental and financial health concern. Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic had indeed significantly affected Malaysian dental students mainly due to fear of the quality of online learning and the amount of clinical skills acquired. Therefore, it is important to identify dental stressors and lessen the impact of COVID-19 to dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widya Lestari
- Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences Department, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hazirah Yazid
- Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Zawin Najah Azhar
- Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlini Ismail
- Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences Department, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
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Silva A, Azevedo M, Sampaio-Maia B, Sousa-Pinto B. The effect of mouthwashes on SARS-CoV-2 viral load: a systematic review. J Am Dent Assoc 2021; 153:635-648.e16. [PMID: 35287944 PMCID: PMC8716175 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Considering that the oral cavity is a major entryway and reservoir for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the aim of the authors was to perform a systematic review of in vivo and in vitro studies to assess the effectiveness of mouthrinses on SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Types of Studies Reviewed The authors searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, MedRxiv, and bioRxiv databases, including in vitro and in vivo studies assessing the virucidal effect of mouthrinses on SARS-CoV-2 or surrogates. From a total of 1,622 articles retrieved, the authors included 39 in this systematic review. Results Povidone-iodine was the most studied mouthrinse (14 in vitro and 9 in vivo studies), frequently showing significant reductions in viral load in in vitro assays. Similarly, cetylpyridinium chloride also showed good results, although it was evaluated in fewer studies. Chlorhexidine gluconate and hydrogen peroxide showed conflicting results on SARS-CoV-2 load reduction in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Practical Implications Povidone-iodine–based mouthrinses appear to be the best option as an oral prerinse in the dental context for SARS-CoV-2 viral load reduction. Although the results of primary studies are relevant, there is a need for more in vivo studies on mouthrinses, in particular, randomized controlled clinical trials, to better understand their effect on SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infection prevention.
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COVID-19 and Its Repercussions on Oral Health: A Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57111189. [PMID: 34833407 PMCID: PMC8619825 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In 2019, a new type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, the causing agent of COVID-19, was first detected in Wuhan, China. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic. The manifestations of COVID-19 are mostly age-dependent and potentially more severe in cases with involved co-morbidities. The gravity of the symptoms depends on the clinical stage of the infection. The most common symptoms include runny nose and nasal congestion, anosmia, dysgeusia or hypogeusia, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, respiratory distress, fatigue, ocular symptoms, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. These systemic conditions are often accompanied by skin and mucosal lesions. Oral lesions reported in patients with COVID-19 include: herpex simplex, candidiasis, geographic tongue, aphthous-like ulcers, hemorrhagic ulcerations, necrotic ulcerations, white hairy tongue, reddish macules, erythematous surfaces, petechiae, and pustular enanthema. It is still unclear if these manifestations are a direct result of the viral infection, a consequence of systemic deterioration, or adverse reactions to treatments. Poor oral hygiene in hospitalized or quarantined COVID-19 patients should also be considered as an aggravating condition. This narrative review is focused on presenting the most relevant data from the literature regarding oral manifestations related to SARS-CoV-2, as well as the challenges faced by the dental system during this pandemic. A routine intraoral examination is recommended in COVID-19 patients, either suspected or confirmed, as, in certain cases, oral manifestations represent a sign of severe infection or even of a life-threatening condition. It is our belief that extensive knowledge of all possible manifestations, including oral lesions, in cases of COVID-19 is of great importance in the present uncertain context, including new, currently emerging viral variants with unknown future impact.
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Shenoy N, Ballal V, Rani U, Kotian H, Lakshmi V. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices among dental practitioners on methods of infection control while carrying out dental procedures during novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 39:265. [PMID: 34707766 PMCID: PMC8520406 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.39.265.29003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction dental procedures produce bio-aerosols that can carry the highly contagious COVID-19 virus. Hence, the entire dental care team has to follow the current COVID-19 related infection control protocols. The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices associated with infection control methods during dental procedures among dental practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. Methods the online questionnaire consisted of four sections namely, demographic details, eight questions on knowledge, four questions on attitude and eight questions on the practice of dentists during COVID-19 pandemic. One point was attributed for a correct response and zero point for an incorrect response. The study used descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression models in Jamovi 1.8.1 to establish relationships between knowledge, attitude, and practices among dental professionals and their demographic characteristics. Results among 384 dentists, 294 (76.6%) were aware of the hand hygiene methods, 372 dentists (96.9%) were aware of the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), 343 dentists (89.3%) recorded the body temperature of the patients. One hundred and thirty eight (138) dentists (35.9%) did not use rubber dam and 158 dentists (41.1%) were not aware of the four-handed dentistry. Among the study participants, 57.8% displayed adequate knowledge, 63.8% possessed good attitude and 93.5% followed good practices on COVID-19 appropriate infection control measures during dental procedures. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were found to be 6.61, 2.04, and 3.38 respectively. Based on multivariable binary logistic regression analysis, it is observed that males (aOR: 0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.87; p=0.011) have a lower likelihood of having a good knowledge when compared with females after adjusting for the other independent variables in the model. Also, individuals with higher qualifications (aOR: 0.57, 95% CI 0.36-0.92; p=0.022) appear to have lower likelihood of having good knowledge on COVID-19 infection control methods during dental procedure. Conclusion the study concludes that participants possess sound knowledge, attitude and practice on hand hygiene, PPE, patient triage and waiting area modifications at the workplace. However, poor response was noted on the use of rubber dam, remote telephonic screening and four-handed dentistry practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetha Shenoy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Usha Rani
- Department of Health Innovation, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Himani Kotian
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Mangalore, Manipal, India
| | - Vani Lakshmi
- Department of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Chmielewski M, Załachowska O, Rybakowska W, Komandera D, Knura A, Albert A, Kostanowicz J, Garbacz K. COVID-19 in dental care: What do we know? J Oral Microbiol 2021; 13:1957351. [PMID: 34377355 PMCID: PMC8330703 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.1957351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is primarily transmitted by airborne droplets and its spread is favored by close human contact, thus the COVID-19 pandemic is the new challenge in dental practice. The oral cavity was considered as a SARS-CoV-2 reservoir, the viruses were detected in the saliva and periodontal pockets of infected persons. Therefore, aside from the most common symptoms, COVID-19 can manifest as lesions in the oral cavity. Due to the high risk of cross-contamination in the dental office, new precautionary measures were implemented in professional dental care to ensure safety for both, dental staff and patients. Given the dynamically changing situation, dental practitioners should follow local guidelines and implement them according to current needs and available resources. The key to success is to reduce the risk of cross-infection with SARS-CoV-2 at no cost to the good oral health of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Chmielewski
- Oral Microbiology Student Scientific Club, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Oliwia Załachowska
- Oral Microbiology Student Scientific Club, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Weronika Rybakowska
- Oral Microbiology Student Scientific Club, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominika Komandera
- Oral Microbiology Student Scientific Club, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agata Knura
- Oral Microbiology Student Scientific Club, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adrian Albert
- Oral Microbiology Student Scientific Club, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Julia Kostanowicz
- Oral Microbiology Student Scientific Club, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Garbacz
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Chakraborty T, Jamal RF, Battineni G, Teja KV, Marto CM, Spagnuolo G. A Review of Prolonged Post-COVID-19 Symptoms and Their Implications on Dental Management. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105131. [PMID: 34066174 PMCID: PMC8151698 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The available data regarding the short and long-term consequences of COVID-19 is still insufficient. This narrative review aims to provide information on the prolonged COVID-19 symptoms in recovered patients and their implications during dental management. Additionally, this manuscript highlights the oral manifestations of COVID-19 and its management. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases, WHO and CDC websites, and grey literature was searched through Google Scholar. Clinical articles (clinical trials, case-reports, cohort, and cross-sectional studies) were included, reporting prolonged post-COVID-19 symptoms. Although COVID-19 is an infectious disease primarily affecting the lungs, its multi-organ involvement is responsible for several prolonged symptoms, including oral implications. In recovered patients with prolonged COVID-19 symptoms, considerations for providing dental treatment has to be made as they can present with assortment of symptoms. These prolonged post-COVID-19 symptoms can affect the delivery of the required dental treatment. Hence, the recommendations proposed in this narrative review can be a useful starting point to aid dental teams providing adequate care for such recovered patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trishnika Chakraborty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250001, India;
- Department of Health System Management, Ben-Gurion University of Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Rizwana Fathima Jamal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu 603103, India;
| | - Gopi Battineni
- Telemedicine and Tele Pharmacy Center, School Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India;
| | - Carlos Miguel Marto
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gianrico Spagnuolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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