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Angjelova A, Jovanova E, Polizzi A, Laganà L, Santonocito S, Ragusa R, Isola G. Impact of Periodontitis on Endothelial Risk Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Improvement in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3781. [PMID: 38999345 PMCID: PMC11242897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease that affects the periodontium and overall oral health and is primarily caused by a dysbiotic gingival biofilm, which includes, among others, Gram-negative bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Tannerella forsythensis that colonize gingival tissues and that can lead, if not properly treated, to periodontal tissue destruction and tooth loss. In the last few decades, several large-scale epidemiological studies have evidenced that mild and severe forms of periodontitis are strictly bilaterally associated with several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), stroke, and endothelial dysfunction. Specifically, it is hypothesized that patients with severe periodontitis would have compromised endothelial function, a crucial step in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and several CVD forms. In this regard, it was postulated that periodontal treatment would ameliorate endothelial dysfunction, hence bolstering the notion that therapeutic approaches targeted at diminishing cardiovascular risk factors and different forms of periodontal treatment could improve several CVD biomarker outcomes in the short- and long-term in CVD patients. The aim of this review is to update and analyze the link between periodontitis and CVD, focusing on the inflammatory nature of periodontitis and its correlation with CVD, the effects of periodontal therapy on endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and the impact of such therapy on CVD biomarkers and outcomes. The article also discusses future research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Angjelova
- University Dental Clinical Center St. Pantelejmon, Skopje, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Elena Jovanova
- University Dental Clinical Center St. Pantelejmon, Skopje, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Ludovica Laganà
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Ragusa
- Health Direction of Policlinic Hospital, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
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Church LA, Robins L, Xu F, Qin L, Tran A, Wallace JP, King S. Oral health education strategies for patients living with cardiovascular disease within hospital settings: a scoping review. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1389853. [PMID: 38962771 PMCID: PMC11220159 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1389853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify and describe the impact of current oral health education programmes provided to patients in cardiology hospital wards and outpatient clinics. Methods This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews statement. Searches were conducted using electronic databases: Cochrane, Medline, and Scopus, as well as grey literature searching. Results Three eligible studies were identified. All included studies reported generalised poor oral health in their participants at baseline, with significant improvement at follow-up. They all reported significant reductions in plaque deposits and gingival bleeding. One study reported significantly less bacteria on participant tongues, as well as fewer days with post-operative atrial fibrillation in the intervention group. Furthermore, in this study, one patient in the intervention group developed pneumonia, whilst four patients in the control group did. Conclusion Oral health education for patients with cardiovascular disease is limited and many have poor oral health. Educational programmes to improve oral health behaviours in patients with cardiovascular disease can improve both oral and general health outcomes. Implications for public health Oral disease is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Integrating oral health education into cardiology hospital settings is a simple strategy to improve access to oral health information and improve both oral and cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. A. Church
- The University of Sydney Dental School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - L. Robins
- The University of Sydney Dental School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F. Xu
- The University of Sydney Dental School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L. Qin
- The University of Sydney Dental School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A. Tran
- The University of Sydney Dental School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J. P. Wallace
- School of Health Sciences, Oral Health, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - S. King
- The University of Sydney Dental School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Dos Santos AA, Silva LDDA, Santos CCDO, Fonseca-Silva T. Oral care practices for patients in intensive care unit: A systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2024. [PMID: 38764150 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To critically analyse and discuss oral hygiene protocols in the hospital environment in patients admitted to the ICU, through a systematic review of the literature. METHODS The electronic search was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. The indexing keywords according to the PRISMA protocol were: 'hospital dentistry', 'oral health', 'oral care' and 'intensive care unit'. RESULTS The initial search resulted in a total of 2671 articles. Pre-selection based on titles led to the exclusion of 2510 articles and the remaining 36 were selected for abstract reading. After analysing the eligibility of the articles, eight studies were included in the review and submitted to qualitative analysis. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that cleaning with a soft bristle brush, use of chlorhexidine and lip moisturizing are methods commonly used in dental care actions in patients hospitalized in intensive care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Aparecida Dos Santos
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa Doalla de Almeida Silva
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carolina Carvalho de Oliveira Santos
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago Fonseca-Silva
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Chang YT, Lai CH, Yu JH, Tang CH, Wen CY, Huang PW, Lai CC, Lin DJ. Exploring the impact of culture techniques and patient demographics on the success rate of primary culture of human periodontal ligament stem cells. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:961-970. [PMID: 38618084 PMCID: PMC11010602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have the potential for regenerating periodontal tissue. The study aims to investigate the impact of demographics (ages, gender, disease) and culture techniques (shipping storage time and culture method) on the success of primary culture. Materials and methods PDLSCs were collected from 51 teeth of 26 patients and cultured via outgrowth (OG) and enzymatic digestion (ED) methods. Cells characteristics were confirmed by flow cytometry, MTT, and ARS. The primary culture success rate was evaluated with a serial chi-square test to determine the relationship with culture technique (ED/OG and ≤4 h/prolonged culture) and patient demographics (Young/Old, Female/Male, and Health/Periodontitis). Results The overall success rate of Health group (69.7%) was higher than Periodontitis (38.9%). Culturing within 4 h possessed a higher success rate (71.8%) than prolonged group (16.7%) regardless of patient demographics, and using OG method (81.5%) revealed more promising. Subgroup analysis of 39 cases (culture within 4 h) found that the success rate of OG was higher than ED in the Old group (87.5%-25.0%) and in the Periodontitis group (83.3%-25.0%). Conclusion Primary culturing of PDLSCs within 4 h and using the outgrowth method led to higher success rates regardless of patient demographics. It can achieve successful PDLSCs culture of older patients or patients with periodontal disease by appropriate culture technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthodontics, China Medical University Hospital Medical Center, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Hong Yu
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthodontics, China Medical University Hospital Medical Center, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Wen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ching Lai
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhou MX, Viozzi CF, Heneberk O, Lee SK, Klarich KW, Salinas TJ. Oral Health Clearance Outcomes for Cardiovascular Surgery. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2024; 8:121-130. [PMID: 38384717 PMCID: PMC10879629 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the risk of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving dental extractions before planned cardiovascular surgery (CVS) and examine factors that may affect the chance of oral health clearance. Patients and Methods A retrospective medical record review was performed of patients who underwent dental screening before CVS from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021, at a major medical institution. A total of 496 patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 patients were cleared to advance to planned CVS (n=390). Group 2 patients were not cleared for surgery and subsequently underwent dental extractions before planned CVS (n=106). Results Six patients (5.7%) experienced postoperative complications after dental extraction that resulted in an emergency room visit. No deaths occurred after dental extraction before CVS. However, 4 patients died within 30 days of CVS, 3 from Group 1 (0.77%) and 1 from Group 2 (0.94%). Dental extraction before planned CVS showed a borderline significant association with death based on unadjusted (P=.06) and age-adjusted analysis (P=.05). Patients who reported seeing a dentist routinely had a significantly higher chance of oral health clearance (P <.001). No differences were noted between the 2 groups with regard to age, sex, or 30-day hospital readmission rate. Conclusion Patients who had dental extractions completed before planned CVS may be at an increased risk of mortality. Further studies are needed to examine this relationship. Emphasis should be on prioritization of routine dental visits before planned CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xian Zhou
- Department of Dental Specialties, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Ondřej Heneberk
- Department of Dentistry, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Sarah K. Lee
- Department of Dental Specialties, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kyle W. Klarich
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Zalewska EA, Ławicka R, Grygorczuk P, Nowosielska M, Kicman A, Ławicki S. Importance of Metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) in the Diagnosis of Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2721. [PMID: 38473967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex condition. Left untreated, it leads to tooth loss and the need for prosthetic treatment. The incidence of periodontitis is steadily increasing, so new methods are being sought to aid in the diagnosis of the disease. Among the methods postulated is the determination of concentrations of bioactive compounds which include extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These enzymes are present in various structural elements of the stomatognathic system. The most promising enzyme of this group appears to be metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8). MMP-8 assays are performed in gingival fluid or saliva, and MMP-8 levels have been shown to be higher in patients with periodontitis compared to healthy subjects and correlated with some clinical parameters of the condition and the severity of the disease. In addition, the preliminary usefulness of this enzyme in evaluating the effectiveness of periodontal treatment and doxycycline therapy has been demonstrated. Determination of the active form of MMP-8 (aMMP-8) in oral rinse fluid using off-the-shelf assays shows the highest potential. Despite reports about aMMP-8 and promising data on the role of MMP-8 in periodontal diagnosis, a clear determination of the usefulness of this enzyme requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Ławicka
- The "Karedent" Dental Clinic, Bukowskiego 1/u3, 15-006 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Grygorczuk
- The "Karedent" Dental Clinic, Bukowskiego 1/u3, 15-006 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Nowosielska
- Department of Gerostomatology, Medical University of Białystok, Akademicka 3, 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kicman
- Department of Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Akademicka 3, 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ławicki
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Boitor O, Stoica F, Mihăilă R, Stoica LF, Stef L. Automated Machine Learning to Develop Predictive Models of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Periodontal Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3631. [PMID: 38132215 PMCID: PMC10743072 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13243631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is experiencing a concerning and escalating rise in prevalence today. The link between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease is a highly relevant area of research. Some studies have suggested a bidirectional relationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease, where one condition may exacerbate the other. Furthermore, the existence of periodontal disease among these individuals significantly impacts overall health management. This research focuses on the relationship between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome, while also incorporating data on general health status and overall well-being. We aimed to develop advanced machine learning models that efficiently identify key predictors of metabolic syndrome, a significant emphasis being placed on thoroughly explaining the predictions generated by the models. We studied a group of 296 patients, hospitalized in SCJU Sibiu, aged between 45-79 years, of which 57% had metabolic syndrome. The patients underwent dental consultations and subsequently responded to a dedicated questionnaire, along with a standard EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. The following data were recorded: DMFT (Decayed, Missing due to caries, and Filled Teeth), CPI (Community Periodontal Index), periodontal pockets depth, loss of epithelial insertion, bleeding after probing, frequency of tooth brushing, regular dental control, cardiovascular risk, carotid atherosclerosis, and EQ-5D-5L score. We used Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) frameworks to build predictive models in order to determine which of these risk factors exhibits the most robust association with metabolic syndrome. To gain confidence in the results provided by the machine learning models provided by the AutoML pipelines, we used SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values for the interpretability of these models, from a global and local perspective. The obtained results confirm that the severity of periodontal disease, high cardiovascular risk, and low EQ-5D-5L score have the greatest impact in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Boitor
- Dental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
| | - Florin Stoica
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Research Center in Informatics and Information Technology, Faculty of Sciences, “Lucian Blaga” University, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
| | - Romeo Mihăilă
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
| | - Laura Florentina Stoica
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Research Center in Informatics and Information Technology, Faculty of Sciences, “Lucian Blaga” University, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
| | - Laura Stef
- Department of Oral Health, Dental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
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Schwarz C, Hajdu AI, Dumitrescu R, Sava-Rosianu R, Bolchis V, Anusca D, Hanghicel A, Fratila AD, Oancea R, Jumanca D, Galuscan A, Leretter M. Link between Oral Health, Periodontal Disease, Smoking, and Systemic Diseases in Romanian Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2354. [PMID: 37628551 PMCID: PMC10454691 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The link between oral and systemic health is becoming increasingly obvious. Oral diseases, particularly periodontitis, have been linked to various diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular disease, among others. This survey aimed to assess the oral health condition of individuals, considering both their overall health and periodontal status, by performing oral examinations and collecting data using questionnaires. (2) Methods: After obtaining approval from the University's Ethics Committee, the study was carried out from 2021 to 2022 at the Department of Oral Health, located in the Emergency Municipal Hospital in Timisoara, Timis County, Romania. Bivariate correlations were performed using nonparametric Spearman's Rho using SPPS software version 23. To assess the importance of smoking frequency related to the severity of periodontitis diagnosis, the ANOVA Simple test (one-way) and Hochberg GT2 post hoc analysis were utilized. The chi-squared test was employed for nominal variables. A significance level of 0.05 (alpha = 0.05) was adopted for all statistical tests. (3) Results: There is a significant positive association between the frequency of systemic disease and the severity of the periodontitis diagnosis taken as a total, Rho (242) = 0.151, p < 0.05, and taken as a stage, Rho (242) = 0.199, p < 0.01, thus as the severity of the diagnosis increases, the patient presents comorbidities. Hochberg GT2 post hoc analysis indicates that the non-smoking group has statistically significantly lower diagnostic severity (Mdif = -0.81, p = 0.01), with a strong effect size (Cohen's d = 0.73). (4) Conclusions: The findings are increasingly indicating a potential association between oral diseases and a range of systemic diseases. The impact of periodontal disease on the quality of life is significant, especially in individuals with associated systemic conditions and present risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schwarz
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
| | - Adrian Ioan Hajdu
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
| | - Ramona Dumitrescu
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vanessa Bolchis
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
| | - Diana Anusca
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
| | - Andreea Hanghicel
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
| | - Aurora Doris Fratila
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336 München, Germany;
| | - Roxana Oancea
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Jumanca
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.); (A.I.H.); (R.S.-R.); (V.B.); (D.A.); (A.H.); (R.O.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Leretter
- Department of Prosthodontics, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara “Victor Babes”, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Association between cardiovascular diseases and periodontal disease: more than what meets the eye. Drug Target Insights 2023; 17:31-38. [PMID: 36761891 PMCID: PMC9906023 DOI: 10.33393/dti.2023.2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are inflammatory diseases of coronary arteries accompanying atheroma formation that can spawn impairment and, in severe cases, death. CVDs are the leading cause of death in the world. In recent decades, investigators have focused their impact on CVD by periodontal disease (PD). PD is a risk factor that can trigger the formation, maturation, and instability of atheroma in the arteries. Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain this relationship: periodontopathic pathogens explicitly invade the circulation or indirectly increase systemic levels of inflammatory mediators. It has been suggested that improvement in disease state has a positive effect on others. This review summarizes evidence from epidemiological studies as well as researches focusing on potential causation channels to deliver a comprehensive representation of the relationship between PD and CVD.
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Leng Y, Hu Q, Ling Q, Yao X, Liu M, Chen J, Yan Z, Dai Q. Periodontal disease is associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease independent of sex: A meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1114927. [PMID: 36923959 PMCID: PMC10010192 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1114927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Studies have established a link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but it is unclear whether there is a sex difference in their association. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched until June, 21 2022. Cardiovascular outcomes included any CVD, myocardial infarction (MI), coronary heart disease (CHD), or stroke. Studies reported the prevalence of CVD in patients with periodontal disease and the relationship between periodontal disease and CVD. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022333663). The level of evidence and recommendations is assessed by the Grading of Recommendations for Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results Twenty-six studies were included. In patients with periodontal disease, the prevalence of CVD was 7.2% [9 studies; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.7-13.6%], and prevalence for CHD, hypertension, stroke, and heart failure was 6.6, 25.3, 1, and 1.1%, respectively. There was a significant association between periodontal disease and CVD in men [odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.12-1.34] and women (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05-1.17), with no significant sex difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion Cardiovascular disease is relatively common in patients with periodontal disease, and an increased risk of CVD is associated with periodontal disease independent of sex. Interventions targeting periodontal disease may be beneficial for CVD. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022333663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Leng
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinwen Hu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qin Ling
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiongda Yao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Menglu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Yan
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, College of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qun Dai
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Shreenidhi S, Veeraraghavan VP, Gayathri R, Selvaraj J, Kavitha S. Awareness and knowledge of oral manifestations in cardiovascular diseases among the general public. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:S330-S334. [PMID: 36643117 PMCID: PMC9836166 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_400_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels. Periodontal problems, bleeding gums, dry mouth, and gingival hyperplasia are common oral manifestations seen in cardiovascular-related problems. To assess the extent of awareness and knowledge, the general public has toward the oral manifestation related to that of CVDs. A questionnaire was distributed among the general public in relation to that of the extent of awareness and knowledge of oral manifestations with regard to CVD. A total of 161 responses were collected from the survey. The collected data were compiled and analyzed by the SPSS software; the Pearson Chi-square test was done where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study showed that 65.22% of the population is aware of the types of CVD. About 59.63% of the population do not know that periodontal problems lead to cardiovascular problems. About 39.75% have vague knowledge about the maintenance of poor oral health causing cardiovascular problems. The study concluded that the general public is not much aware of the oral manifestations related to that of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Shreenidhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - R. Gayathri
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaraman Selvaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Kavitha
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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