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Vilela ESD, Terao D, do Nascimento de Queiroz SC, da Silva AM, de Holanda Nunes Maia A, Fracarolli JA, Dorta C, da Silva Dos Santos L. Essential oils on the control of fungi causing postharvest diseases in mango. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:689-698. [PMID: 38227116 PMCID: PMC10920554 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of fungicides in the postharvest treatment of mangoes has been widespread due to the incidence of pathogens, but awareness of the health risks arising from their use has increased, driving the search for more sustainable treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of antifungal treatment of seven essential oils (EO) against four fungi that cause postharvest diseases in mangoes and define the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and chemical composition, analyzed by gas chromatography (GC-MS). The results showed that the EOs of oregano, rosemary pepper, cinnamon bark, and clove inhibited 100% of the mycelial growth of the studied pathogens, with MIC ranging from 250 to 2000 μL.L-1. The main compound found in oregano was carvacrol (69.1%); in rosemary and pepper oil, it was thymol (77.2%); cinnamaldehyde (85.1%) was the main constituent of cinnamon bark, and the eugenol (84.84%) in cloves. When evaluating the antifungal activity of these compounds, thymol and carvacrol showed greater inhibitory activity against fungi. Therefore, this study showed the great potential of oregano, clove, rosemary pepper, and cinnamon bark essential oil as alternative treatments to synthetic fungicides in controlling postharvest diseases in mangoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Simoni Dias Vilela
- Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Raquel Ghini Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Terao
- Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Research Sector, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Adriane Maria da Silva
- UNICAMP, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Agricultural engineering, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Dorta
- UFSCar, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Agroecology, Araras, SP, Brazil
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Almeida CL, Figueiredo LRF, Ribeiro DVM, Santos AMC, Souza EL, Oliveira KAR, Oliveira JE, Medeiros ES. Antifungal edible coatings for fruits based on zein and chitosan nanowhiskers. J Food Sci 2024; 89:404-418. [PMID: 38010738 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Fresh produce have a more limited shelf life than processed ones. Their sensory attributes such as appearance and surface texture are important features in consumer perception and liking. The decomposition of fresh produce, which is caused by enzymes, chemical reactions, and microbial infections, often caused by Colletotrichum species, is inevitable. However, it can be slowed down. Several materials have been developed for this purpose, with an emphasis on active coatings using nanomaterials. In this study, the protective effects of a zein coating containing chitosan nanowhiskers (CSW) for the maintenance of fruit quality were investigated using guava (Psidium guajava L.) as a model fruit. CSW were previously characterized, and their antifungal effects against distinct Colletotrichum species (Colletotrichum asianum, Colletotrichum tropicale, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Colletotrichum brevisporum) were proven. Coatings were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, optical profilometry, and mechanical properties. Total soluble solids, pH, mass loss, and visual inspection of uncoated and coated guava fruits were also verified during 9 days. Results show that CSW length and aspect ratio decreased for longer extraction times. A similar behavior was found for x-ray diffraction in which peak intensity decreases under the same conditions. CSW degradation (ca. 250-400°C) also depends on extraction time in which more crystalline whiskers are the most thermally stable ones. The addition of CSW did not significantly (p < 0.05) modify the homogeneity and continuity of coating but prevented microbial growth assuring fruit quality during storage. In summary, coatings protected guava fruits from post-harvest spoilage while preserving quality and extending shelf life. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables have a more limited shelf life than processed ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina L Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Lucas R F Figueiredo
- Materials and Biosystems laboratory (LAMAB), Center of Technology (CT), Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Diego V M Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Adillys M C Santos
- Center for Science and Technology in Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Feira de Santana-BA, Brazil
| | - Evandro L Souza
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center (CCS), Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Kataryne A R Oliveira
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center (CCS), Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Juliano E Oliveira
- Materials and Biosystems laboratory (LAMAB), Department of Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
| | - Eliton S Medeiros
- Materials and Biosystems laboratory (LAMAB), Center of Technology (CT), Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
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Sánchez-Hernández E, Álvarez-Martínez J, González-García V, Casanova-Gascón J, Martín-Gil J, Martín-Ramos P. Helichrysum stoechas (L.) Moench Inflorescence Extract for Tomato Disease Management. Molecules 2023; 28:5861. [PMID: 37570830 PMCID: PMC10421166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Helichrysum stoechas is a singular halophyte that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and allelopathic properties. In the work presented herein, we have characterized its inflorescences hydromethanolic extract and assessed its antifungal activity for the pre- and postharvest management of tomato crop diseases. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry characterization of the extract showed that 4-ethenyl-1,3-benzenediol, 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran, quinic acid, 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranose, catechol, scopoletin, and maltol were the main constituents. The co-occurrence of pyranones, benzenediols, and quinic acids as phytoconstituents of H. stoechas extract resulted in promising in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations of 500, 375, 500, 187.5, 187.5, and 375 μg·mL-1 against mycelia of Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum coccodes, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Verticillium dahliae, respectively. Further, to assess the potential of H. stoechas inflorescence extract for postharvest tomato crop protection, ex situ tests were conducted against C. coccodes, obtaining high protection at a dose of 750 μg·mL-1. Taking into consideration that the demonstrated activity is among the highest reported to date for plant extracts and comparable to that of the synthetic fungicides tested as positive controls, H. stoechas inflorescence extract may be put forward as a promising biorational and may deserve further testing in field-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sánchez-Hernández
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; (E.S.-H.); (J.Á.-M.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Javier Álvarez-Martínez
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; (E.S.-H.); (J.Á.-M.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Vicente González-García
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Environmental Systems, Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - José Casanova-Gascón
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), EPS, Universidad de Zaragoza, Carretera de Cuarte s/n, 22071 Huesca, Spain;
| | - Jesús Martín-Gil
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; (E.S.-H.); (J.Á.-M.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Pablo Martín-Ramos
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; (E.S.-H.); (J.Á.-M.); (J.M.-G.)
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Duong CT, Thao HTP, Y NTN, Tien DTK, Nga NTT, Nhan TC, Huong BTC, Ercisli S, Truc NTN, Danh LT. Application of Essential Oils Extracted from Peel Wastes of Four Orange Varieties to Control Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum scovillei and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Mangoes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2761. [PMID: 37570916 PMCID: PMC10421168 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
A huge amount of orange peel waste is annually discharged into the environment. Processing of this waste for the control of post-harvest fruit diseases can reduce environmental pollution. Essential oils (EOs) from fruit peels of Citrus reticulata × sinensis (Sanh cultivar) and Citrus sinensis (Xoan, Mat and Navel cultivar) were investigated for their ability to control anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum scovillei on mangoes. EOs were extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The antifungal activity of the EOs was determined by in vitro and in vivo assays. The Mat cultivar had the highest extraction yield of 3% FW, followed by Xoan (2.9%), Sanh (2.2%), and Navel (1%). The chemical composition of the EOs was similar, with limonene as the main compound (around 96%). The antifungal activity of EOs was not different, with a minimum fungicidal concentration of 16% for both fungi. The disease inhibition of EOs increased with their concentration. The highest inhibition of anthracnose caused by both fungi on mangoes was achieved at 16% EO. EOs had no adverse effect on mango quality (pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, color and brightness of mangoes), except firmness and weight loss at high concentrations (16%). Orange EOs can be used as bio-fungicides to control mango anthracnose at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huynh Thi Phuong Thao
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vinh Long 85110, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Thi Nhu Y
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Doan Thi Kieu Tien
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Nga
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Tran Chi Nhan
- Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam;
| | - Bui Thi Cam Huong
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye;
- HGF Agro, ATA Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
| | | | - Luu Thai Danh
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
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Lombardo MF, Panebianco S, Azzaro A, Catara V, Cirvilleri G. Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:904. [PMID: 36840250 PMCID: PMC9965279 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Citrus production is worldwide threatened by Colletotrichum spp., causal agents of pre- and postharvest anthracnose. The recent limitation on the use of copper-based antimicrobials, due to its demonstrated noxious effect on the environment, makes the control of this pathogen difficult. Thus, alternative products able to reduce/phase out copper in organic citrus farming are needed. In this study, the efficacy of 11 commercial alternative products were evaluated in vitro, in growth chamber, in open field and in postharvest environments. In vitro, mineral fertilizers, basic substances, essential oils, plant defense stimulators and biological control agents were able to inhibit the mycelial growth with variable efficacy. On artificially infected citrus fruit, almost all tested products significantly reduced disease incidence and severity, but with lower efficacy than copper. The efficacy of mineral fertilizers-based Kiram and Vitibiosap 458 Plus, citrus essential oil-based Prev-Am Plus and chitosan-based Biorend was confirmed in open field trials, in naturally infected citrus fruits. In these trials Biorend was the best alternative product, significantly reducing disease incidence (71% DI reduction) with better results than copper (47.5%). Field treatments reduced the incidence and severity of the disease in postharvest conditions, especially in fruits field-treated three times. Overall, selected products tested in open field can represent a good alternative to copper compounds in the view of future limitation of its use.
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Direct and Indirect Effects of Essential Oils for Sustainable Crop Protection. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162144. [PMID: 36015446 PMCID: PMC9416161 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant essential oils (EOs) are gaining interest as biopesticides for crop protection. EOs have been recognized as important ingredients of plant protection products including insecticidal, acaricidal, fungicidal, and nematicidal agents. Considering the growing importance of EOs as active ingredients, the domestication and cultivation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) to produce chemically stable EOs contributes to species conservation, provides the sustainability of production, and decreases the variations in the active ingredients. In addition to these direct effects on plant pests and diseases, EOs can induce plant defenses (priming effects) resulting in better protection. This aspect is of relevance considering that the EU framework aims to achieve the sustainable use of new plant protection products (PPPs), and since 2020, the use of contaminant PPPs has been prohibited. In this paper, we review the most updated information on the direct plant protection effects of EOs, focusing on their modes of action against insects, fungi, and nematodes, as well as the information available on EOs with plant defense priming effects.
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Cheng YJ, Wu YJ, Lee FW, Ou LY, Chen CN, Chu YY, Kuan YC. Impact of Storage Condition on Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of Pomelo Extract against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Anthracnose in Post-harvest Mango. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2064. [PMID: 35956542 PMCID: PMC9370353 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum leads to a tremendous post-harvest mango loss. While chemical fungicides are applied to control anthracnose, natural alternatives are preferred due to food safety and environmental concerns. Pomelo extract (PE) exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities; however, its effect against anthracnose is unknown. Here we investigated the chemical profile of PE using GC-MS and the anti-anthracnose activity of PE using in vitro and in vivo assays. We also evaluated the impact of storage temperature (0°, 5°, 10°, 20°, -20°, and -80 °C) and light conditions on the composition and antifungal activity of PE. We found that PE inhibited C. gloeosporioides in vitro with an IC50 of 3.2 mL L-1. Applying chitosan-based coating incorporated with 20 mL L-1 PE significantly suppressed anthracnose in post-harvest 'Keitt' mango. A storage temperature below 5 °C substantially preserved major compounds and the antifungal activity of PE after 6 m of storage. Finally, we showed that applying d-limonene, the key constituent of PE, inhibited C. gloeosporioides in vitro (IC50: 10.9 mM) and suppressed anthracnose in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the application of PE and d-limonene are sustainable methods for anthracnose control in post-harvest crops and established the preservation protocol for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jou Wu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Wei Lee
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yi Ou
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Nan Chen
- Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Branch, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Chiayi 60044, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chu
- Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Branch, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Chiayi 60044, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chou Kuan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Highland Experimental Farm, National Taiwan University, Nantou 54641, Taiwan
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Advances in Bio-Based Materials for Food Packaging Applications. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080735. [PMID: 36005650 PMCID: PMC9412566 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Pansera MR, Silvestre WP, Sartori VC. Bioactivity of Cupressus sempervirens and Cupressus lusitanica leaf essential oils on Colletotrichum fructicola. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2104393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia R. Pansera
- Laboratory of Organic Farming, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wendel P. Silvestre
- Laboratory of Studies of the Soil, Plant, and Atmosphere System and Plant Metabolism, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Valdirene C. Sartori
- Laboratory of Organic Farming, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
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Volatile Organic Compounds from Basil Essential Oils: Plant Taxonomy, Biological Activities, and Their Applications in Tropical Fruit Productions. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Basils of the genus Ocimum are aromatic plants grown widely throughout the tropical and temperate regions. The essential oils obtained from their aerial parts are enriched with volatile organic compounds with high market demand for food and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile organic compounds have been shown to exhibit biological activities. Therefore, their novel applications have been extensively explored in the last few decades. The most widely available basils in the tropical areas include white holy basil (O. sanctum var. Shyama), red holy basil (O. sanctum var. Rama), Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum), lemon basil (O. citriodorum), and tree basil (O. gratissimum). Over 60 volatiles of different classes have been exclusively described, and some of them could be useful as biomarkers for genotype specification. The major volatile ingredient is the phenylpropanoids, such as methyl eugenol, which has the potential as a natural product for mitigating Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) during tropical fruit production. Moreover, basil essential oils are also used to control diseases of the fruits during post-harvest storage. As a result, the application of basil essential oils as a sustainable defect control strategy for tropical fruit value chains seems intriguing. This review provides comprehensive information on plant taxonomy and volatile compositions of the essential oil fractions from different basil species. Their biological activities and applications are also discussed, mainly during the pre- and post-production of tropical fruits. Additionally, the available techniques to enhance the efficacy of the volatile active compounds are also described.
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