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Oladzad S, Fallah N, Mahboubi A, Afsham N, Taherzadeh MJ, Toghyani J. Comparison of acid and hydrothermal pretreatments of date waste for value creation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18056. [PMID: 39103400 PMCID: PMC11300665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The production of date syrup yields a substantial amount of date press cake (DPC), fibrous and moisturising material with great potential for generating value through bioprocessing. However, the recalcitrant structure of DPC affects the yield of products in bioprocesses. To boost the accessibility of the structure as well as increase the soluble fraction of carbohydrates and facilitate further enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrothermal and dilute acid (0.5% (v/v) sulfuric acid) pretreatments as cost-effective and feasible methods were applied on DPC at relatively low temperatures (80, 100, 120 and 140 °C) and reaction times (60 and 90 min). The success in pretreatment was then evaluated by a post-enzymatic treatment using an enzyme cocktail of cellulases and hemicelluloses. Based on total accessible sugar with minimum produced inhibitors, an optimal operating condition was considered acid pretreatment at 120 °C for 90 min with a 55.02% increase in total sugar yield. To explore the potential use of pretreated DPC, an anaerobic digestion was conducted on untreated and acid-pretreated DPC at 120 °C for 90 min. The results showed that pretreatment increased the total bioproduct yield, including hydrogen, ethanol, and volatile fatty acid yields, by 59.75%. This demonstrates the significant impact of pretreatment on product yields in a bioprocess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Oladzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Narges Fallah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran.
| | - Amir Mahboubi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, The University of Borås, 501 90, Borås, Sweden
| | - Neda Afsham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Mohammad J Taherzadeh
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, The University of Borås, 501 90, Borås, Sweden
| | - Javad Toghyani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
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Bertasini D, Battista F, Mancini R, Frison N, Bolzonella D. Hydrogen and methane production through two stage anaerobic digestion of straw residues. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118101. [PMID: 38220080 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste can contribute to the European renewable energy needs. The 71% of the 20,000 anaerobic digestion plants in operation already uses these agro-waste as feedstock; part of these plants can be converted into two stage processes to produce hydrogen and methane in the same plant. Biomethane enriched in hydrogen can replace natural gas in grids while contributing to the sector decarbonisation. Straw is the most abundant agricultural residue (156 Mt/y) and its conventional final fate is uncontrolled soil disposal, landfilling, incineration or, in the best cases, composting. The present research work focuses on the fermentation of spent mushroom bed, an agricultural lignocellulosic byproduct, composed mainly from wheat straw. The substrate has been characterized and semi-continuous tests were performed evaluating the effect of the hydraulic retention time on hydrogen and volatile fatty acids production. It was found that all the tests confirmed the feasibility of the process even on this lignocellulosic substrate, and also, it was identified HRT 4.0 d as the best option to optimize the productivity of volatile fatty acids (17.09 gCODVFAs/(KgVS*d)), and HRT 6.0 d for hydrogen (7.98 LH2/(KgVS*d)). The fermentation effluent was used in biomethanation potential tests to evaluate how this process affects a subsequent digestion phase, reporting an increase in the energetical feedstock exploitation up to 30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bertasini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Via Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Federico Battista
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Via Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy.
| | - Rosa Mancini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Via Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Nicola Frison
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Via Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - David Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Via Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
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Jomnonkhaow U, Plangklang P, Reungsang A, Peng CY, Chu CY. Valorization of spent coffee grounds through integrated bioprocess of fermentable sugars, volatile fatty acids, yeast-based single-cell protein and biofuels production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130107. [PMID: 38016585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Recovering nutrients from waste for biological processes aligns with sustainability principles. This study aimed to convert spent coffee grounds (SCG) into valuable products, including fermentable sugars, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), yeast-based single-cell protein and biofuels. Alkaline pretreatment was conducted before enzymatic hydrolysis, in which the pretreated SCG was hydrolyzed with varying enzyme loadings (20-60 filter paper units (FPU)/g-solid) and solid loadings (3-15 % w/v). The hydrolyzed slurry was utilized for VFAs and hydrogen production, yielding high values of 0.66 g/g-volatile solids (VS) and 109 mL/g-VS, respectively, using an enzyme loading of 50 FPU/g-solid and a solid loading of 3 % (w/v). The derived VFAs were used to cultivate a newly isolated yeast, Candida maltosa KKU-ARY2, resulting in an accumulated protein content of 43.7 % and a biomass concentration of 4.6 g/L. This study highlights the conversion of SCG into essential components, emphasizing the benefits of waste utilization through cascade bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umarin Jomnonkhaow
- Research Group for Development of Microbial Hydrogen Production Process from Biomass, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pensri Plangklang
- Research Group for Development of Microbial Hydrogen Production Process from Biomass, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Alissara Reungsang
- Research Group for Development of Microbial Hydrogen Production Process from Biomass, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
| | - Chi-Yen Peng
- Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan; Institute of Green Products, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yeon Chu
- Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan; Institute of Green Products, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
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Jaman K, Idrus S, Wahab AMA, Harun R, Daud NNN, Ahsan A, Shams S, Uddin MA. Influence of Molasses Residue on Treatment of Cow Manure in an Anaerobic Filter with Perforated Weed Membrane and a Conventional Reactor: Variations of Organic Loading and a Machine Learning Application. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:159. [PMID: 36837662 PMCID: PMC9966026 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study highlighted the influence of molasses residue (MR) on the anaerobic treatment of cow manure (CM) at various organic loading and mixing ratios of these two substrates. Further investigation was conducted on a model-fitting comparison between a kinetic study and an artificial neural network (ANN) using biomethane potential (BMP) test data. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and an anaerobic filter with a perforated membrane (AF) were fed with similar substrate at the organic loading rates of (OLR) 1 to OLR 7 g/L/day. Following the inhibition signs at OLR 7 (50:50 mixing ratio), 30:70 and 70:30 ratios were applied. Both the CSTR and the AF with the co-digestion substrate (CM + MR) successfully enhanced the performance, where the CSTR resulted in higher biogas production (29 L/d), SMP (1.24 LCH4/gVSadded), and VS removal (>80%) at the optimum OLR 5 g/L/day. Likewise, the AF showed an increment of 69% for biogas production at OLR 4 g/L/day. The modified Gompertz (MG), logistic (LG), and first order (FO) were the applied kinetic models. Meanwhile, two sets of ANN models were developed, using feedforward back propagation. The FO model provided the best fit with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (57.204) and correlation coefficient (R2) 0.94035. Moreover, implementing the ANN algorithms resulted in 0.164 and 0.97164 for RMSE and R2, respectively. This reveals that the ANN model exhibited higher predictive accuracy, and was proven as a more robust system to control the performance and to function as a precursor in commercial applications as compared to the kinetic models. The highest projection electrical energy produced from the on-farm scale (OFS) for the AF and the CSTR was 101 kWh and 425 kWh, respectively. This investigation indicates the high potential of MR as the most suitable co-substrate in CM treatment for the enhancement of energy production and the betterment of waste management in a large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairina Jaman
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Syazwani Idrus
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Malek Abdul Wahab
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
| | - Razif Harun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Nik Norsyahariati Nik Daud
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Amimul Ahsan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Gazipur 1704, Bangladesh
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Shahriar Shams
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Md. Alhaz Uddin
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia
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Current Status and Prospects of Valorizing Organic Waste via Arrested Anaerobic Digestion: Production and Separation of Volatile Fatty Acids. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFA) are intermediary degradation products during anaerobic digestion (AD) that are subsequently converted to methanogenic substrates, such as hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and acetic acid (CH3COOH). The final step of AD is the conversion of these methanogenic substrates into biogas, a mixture of methane (CH4) and CO2. In arrested AD (AAD), the methanogenic step is suppressed to inhibit VFA conversion to biogas, making VFA the main product of AAD, with CO2 and H2. VFA recovered from the AAD fermentation can be further converted to sustainable biofuels and bioproducts. Although this concept is known, commercialization of the AAD concept has been hindered by low VFA titers and productivity and lack of cost-effective separation methods for recovering VFA. This article reviews the different techniques used to rewire AD to AAD and the current state of the art of VFA production with AAD, emphasizing recent developments made for increasing the production and separation of VFA from complex organic materials. Finally, this paper discusses VFA production by AAD could play a pivotal role in producing sustainable jet fuels from agricultural biomass and wet organic waste materials.
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