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Cheng YW, Chong CC, Lam MK, Ayoub M, Cheng CK, Lim JW, Yusup S, Tang Y, Bai J. Holistic process evaluation of non-conventional palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment technologies: A conceptual and comparative review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124964. [PMID: 33418292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thriving oil palm agroindustry comes at a price of voluminous waste generation, with palm oil mill effluent (POME) as the most cumbersome waste due to its liquid state, high strength, and great discharge volume. In view of incompetent conventional ponding treatment, a voluminous number of publications on non-conventional POME treatments is filed in the Scopus database, mainly working on alternative or polishing POME treatments. In dearth of such comprehensive review, all the non-conventional POME treatments are rigorously reviewed in a conceptual and comparative manner. Herein, non-conventional POME treatments are sorted into the five major routes, viz. biological (bioconversions - aerobic/anaerobic biodegradation), physical (flotation & membrane filtration), chemical (Fenton oxidation), physicochemical (photooxidation, steam reforming, coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, & ultrasonication), and bioelectrochemical (microbial fuel cell) pathways. For aforementioned treatments, the constraints, pros, and cons are qualitatively and quantitatively (with compiled performance data) detailed to indicate their process maturity. Authors recommended (i) bioconversions, adsorption, and steam reforming as primary treatments, (ii) flotation and ultrasonication as pretreatments, (iii) Fenton oxidation, photooxidation, and membrane filtration as polishing treatments, and (iv) microbial fuel cell and coagulation-flocculation as pretreatment or polishing treatment. Life cycle assessments are required to evaluate the environmental, economic, and energy aspects of each process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoke Wang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, HiCoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Chi Cheng Chong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, HiCoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Man Kee Lam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, HiCoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ayoub
- Department of Chemical Engineering, HiCoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Chin Kui Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Yusup
- Department of Chemical Engineering, HiCoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jiaming Bai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Materials, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Yashni G, Al-Gheethi A, Radin Mohamed RMS, Arifin SNH, Mohd Salleh SNA. Conventional and advanced treatment technologies for palm oil mill effluents: a systematic literature review. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1788950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Yashni
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environmental, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Adel Al-Gheethi
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environmental, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environmental, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Hidayah Arifin
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environmental, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Aishah Mohd Salleh
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environmental, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
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Elhady S, Bassyouni M, Mansour RA, Elzahar MH, Abdel-Hamid S, Elhenawy Y, Saleh MY. Oily Wastewater Treatment Using Polyamide Thin Film Composite Membrane Technology. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10050084. [PMID: 32354064 PMCID: PMC7281104 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10050084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polyamide (PA) thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filtration was used in edible oil wastewater emulsion treatment. The PA-TFC membrane was characterized using mechanical, thermal, chemical, and physical tests. Surface morphology and cross-sections of TFCs were characterized using SEM. The effects of edible oil concentrations, average droplets size, and contact angle on separation efficiency and flux were studied in detail. Purification performance was enhanced using activated carbon as a pre-treatment unit. The performance of the RO unit was assessed by chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and permeate flux. Oil concentration in wastewater varied between 3000 mg/L and 6000 mg/L. Oily wastewater showed a higher contact angle (62.9°) than de-ionized water (33°). Experimental results showed that the presence of activated carbon increases the permeation COD removal from 94% to 99%. The RO membrane filtration coupled with an activated carbon unit of oily wastewater is a convenient hybrid technique for removal of high-concentration edible oil wastewater emulsion up to 99%. Using activated carbon as an adsorption pre-treatment unit improved the permeate flux from 34 L/m2hr to 75 L/m2hr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Elhady
- Public Works Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, the High Institute of Engineering and Technology in New Damietta, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bassyouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Materials Science Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +2-011-596-75357
| | - Ramadan A. Mansour
- Chemical Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, New Damietta, Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Medhat H. Elzahar
- Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Department of Civil Engineering, Giza Engineering Institute, Elmoneeb, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Shereen Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology, Affiliated to Ministry of Military Production, Al Salam city 3056, Egypt
| | - Yasser Elhenawy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fouad 42526, Egypt
| | - Mamdou Y. Saleh
- Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- High Institute of Engineering and Technology, El-Manzala, Ad Daqahliyah 35642, Egypt
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