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Kusy K, Ciekot-Sołtysiak M, Matysiak J, Klupczyńska-Gabryszak A, Plewa S, Zarębska EA, Kokot ZJ, Dereziński P, Zieliński J. Changes in Plasma Free Amino Acid Profile in Endurance Athletes over a 9-Month Training Cycle. Metabolites 2024; 14:353. [PMID: 39057676 PMCID: PMC11278538 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14070353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate long-term changes in proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic plasma free amino acids (PFAA). Eleven male endurance triathletes participated in a 9-month study. Blood was collected at rest, immediately after exhaustive exercise, and during 30-min recovery, in four consecutive training phases: transition, general, specific, and competition. Twenty proteinogenic and 22 non-proteinogenic PFAAs were assayed using the LC-ESI-MS/MS technique. The structured training modified the patterns of exercise-induced PFAA response, with the competition phase being the most distinct from the others. Branched-chain amino acids (p = 0.002; η2 = 0.216), phenylalanine (p = 0.015; η2 = 0.153), methionine (p = 0.002; η2 = 0.206), and lysine (p = 0.006; η2 = 0.196) declined more rapidly between rest and exhaustion in the competition phase. Glutamine (p = 0.008; η2 = 0.255), glutamate (p = 0.006; η2 = 0.265), tyrosine (p = 0.001; η2 = 0.195), cystine (p = 0.042; η2 = 0.183), and serine (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.346) levels were reduced in the competition phase. Arginine (p = 0.046; η2 = 0.138) and aspartate (p = 0.011; η2 = 0.171) levels were highest during exercise in the transition phase. During the competition phase, α-aminoadipic acid (p = 0.023; η2 = 0.145), β-aminoisobutyric acid (p = 0.007; η2 = 0.167), β-alanine (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.473), and sarcosine (p = 0.017; η2 = 0.150) levels increased, whereas phosphoethanolamine (p = 0.037; η2 = 0.189) and taurine (p = 0.008; η2 = 0.251) concentrations decreased. Overtraining indicators were not elevated. The altered PFAA profile suggests adaptations within energy metabolic pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, ammonia neutralization, the purine nucleotide cycle, and buffering of intracellular H+ ions. The changes seem to reflect normal adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kusy
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, ul. Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (M.C.-S.); (E.A.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Monika Ciekot-Sołtysiak
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, ul. Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (M.C.-S.); (E.A.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jan Matysiak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (J.M.); (A.K.-G.); (S.P.); (Z.J.K.); (P.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Klupczyńska-Gabryszak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (J.M.); (A.K.-G.); (S.P.); (Z.J.K.); (P.D.)
| | - Szymon Plewa
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (J.M.); (A.K.-G.); (S.P.); (Z.J.K.); (P.D.)
| | - Ewa Anna Zarębska
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, ul. Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (M.C.-S.); (E.A.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Zenon J. Kokot
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (J.M.); (A.K.-G.); (S.P.); (Z.J.K.); (P.D.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, ul. Nowy Świat 4, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
| | - Paweł Dereziński
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (J.M.); (A.K.-G.); (S.P.); (Z.J.K.); (P.D.)
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, ul. Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (M.C.-S.); (E.A.Z.); (J.Z.)
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Ciekot-Sołtysiak M, Kusy K, Podgórski T, Pospieszna B, Zieliński J. Changes in red blood cell parameters during incremental exercise in highly trained athletes of different sport specializations. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17040. [PMID: 38560450 PMCID: PMC10981411 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During physical exercise, the level of hematological parameters change depending on the intensity and duration of exercise and the individual's physical fitness. Research results, based on samples taken before and after exercise, suggest that hematological parameters increase during incremental exercise. However, there is no data confirming this beyond any doubt. This study examined how red blood cell (RBC) parameters change during the same standard physical exertion in athletes representing different physiological training profiles determined by sport discipline. Methods The study included 39 highly trained male members of national teams: 13 futsal players, 12 sprinters, and 14 triathletes. We used multiple blood sampling to determine RBC, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit value (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) before, during (every 3 min), and after (5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 min) an incremental treadmill exercise test until exhaustion. Results There were no significant exercise-induced differences in RBC parameters between athletic groups. No significant changes were recorded in RBC parameters during the low-intensity phase of exercise. RBC, Hb, and Hct increased significantly during incremental physical exercise, and rapidly returned to resting values upon test termination. Conclusions The general pattern of exercise-induced changes in RBC parameters is universal regardless of the athlete's physiological profile. The changes in RBC parameters are proportional to the intensity of exercise during the progressive test. The increase in hemoglobin concentration associated with the intensity of exercise is most likely an adaptation to the greater demand of tissues, mainly skeletal muscles, for oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ciekot-Sołtysiak
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kusy
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Podgórski
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Pospieszna
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Athletics Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
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Pospieszna B, Kusy K, Slominska EM, Ciekot-Sołtysiak M, Zieliński J. Sports Participation Promotes Beneficial Adaptations in the Erythrocyte Guanylate Nucleotide Pool in Male Athletes Aged 20-90 Years. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:987-997. [PMID: 37377627 PMCID: PMC10292611 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s406555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The guanine nucleotide pool (GTP, guanosine-5'-triphosphate; GDP, guanosine-5'-diphosphate, and GMP, guanosine-5'-monophosphate) is an essential energy donor in various biological processes (eg protein synthesis and gluconeogenesis) and secures several vital regulatory functions in the human body. The study aimed to predict the trends of age-related changes in erythrocyte guanine nucleotides and examine whether competitive sport and related physical training promote beneficial adaptations in erythrocyte guanylate concentrations. Methods The study included 86 elite endurance runners (EN) aged 20-81 years, 58 sprint-trained athletes (SP) aged 21-90 years, and 62 untrained individuals (CO) aged 20-68 years. Results The concentration of erythrocyte GTP and total guanine nucleotides (TGN) were highest in the SP group, lower in the EN group, and lowest in the CO group. Both athletic groups had higher guanylate energy charge (GEC) values than the CO group (p = 0.012). Concentrations of GTP, TGN, and GEC value significantly decreased, while GDP and GMP concentrations progressively increased with age. Conclusion Such a profile of change suggests a deterioration of the GTP-related regulatory function in older individuals. Our study explicitly shows that lifelong sports participation, especially of sprint-oriented nature, allows for maintaining a higher erythrocyte guanylate pool concentration, supporting cells' energy metabolism, regulatory and transcription properties, and thus more efficient overall body functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pospieszna
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kusy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Monika Ciekot-Sołtysiak
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
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Kasperek MC, Mailing L, Piccolo BD, Moody B, Lan R, Gao X, Hernandez‐Saavedra D, Woods JA, Adams SH, Allen JM. Exercise training modifies xenometabolites in gut and circulation of lean and obese adults. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15638. [PMID: 36945966 PMCID: PMC10031301 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular, moderate exercise modifies the gut microbiome and contributes to human metabolic and immune health. The microbiome may exert influence on host physiology through the microbial production and modification of metabolites (xenometabolites); however, this has not been extensively explored. We hypothesized that 6 weeks of supervised, aerobic exercise 3×/week (60%-75% heart rate reserve [HRR], 30-60 min) in previously sedentary, lean (n = 14) and obese (n = 10) adults would modify both the fecal and serum xenometabolome. Serum and fecal samples were collected pre- and post-6 week intervention and analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Linear mixed models (LMMs) identified multiple fecal and serum xenometabolites responsive to exercise training. Further cluster and pathway analysis revealed that the most prominent xenometabolic shifts occurred within aromatic amino acid (ArAA) metabolic pathways. Fecal and serum ArAA derivatives correlated with body composition (lean mass), markers of insulin sensitivity (insulin, HOMA-IR) and cardiorespiratory fitness (V ̇ O 2 max $$ \dot{\mathrm{V}}{\mathrm{O}}_{2\max } $$ ), both at baseline and in response to exercise training. Two serum aromatic microbial-derived amino acid metabolites that were upregulated following the exercise intervention, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA: fold change: 1.2, FDR p < 0.05) and 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid (4-HPLA: fold change: 1.3, FDR p < 0.05), share metabolic pathways within the microbiota and were associated with body composition and markers of insulin sensitivity at baseline and in response to training. These data provide evidence of physiologically relevant shifts in microbial metabolism that occur in response to exercise training, and reinforce the view that host metabolic health influences gut microbiota population and function. Future studies should consider the microbiome and xenometabolome when investigating the health benefits of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela C. Kasperek
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Lucy Mailing
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Brian D. Piccolo
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition CenterLittle RockArkansasUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Becky Moody
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Renny Lan
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition CenterLittle RockArkansasUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Xiaotian Gao
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Diego Hernandez‐Saavedra
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Jeffrey A. Woods
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Sean H. Adams
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic ScienceUniversity of California, DavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jacob M. Allen
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
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Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Fmb14 prevents purine induced hyperuricemia and alleviate renal fibrosis through gut-kidney axis. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106350. [PMID: 35843568 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a critical threat to human health, and conventional medical treatment only aims to treat acute gouty arthritis. Purine diet-mediated chronic hyperuricemia and related syndromes are neglected in clinical therapeutics. In this study, the prevention ability of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Fmb14, screened from Chinese yogurt, was evaluated in chronic purine-induced hyperuricemia (CPH) mice. After 12 weeks of Fmb14 administration, serum uric acid (SUA) in CPH mice decreased by 36.8 %, from 179.1 to 113.2 µmol/L, and the mortality rate decreased from 30 % to 10 %. The prevention role of Fmb14 in CPH was further investigated, and the reduction of uric acid by Fmb14 was attributed to the reduction of XOD (xanthine oxidase) in the liver and URAT1 in the kidney, as well the promotion of ABCG2 in the colon. Fmb14 administration Increased ZO-1 and Occludin expression in the colon and decreased fibrosis degree in the kidney indicated that Fmb14 administration had preventive effects through the gut-kidney axis in CPH. In specific, Fmb14 administration upregulated the diversity of gut microbiota, increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) by 35 % in colon materials and alleviated the inflammatory response by reducing biomarkers levels of IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α at 11.6 %, 21.7 % and 26.5 % in serum, compared to CPH group, respectively. Additionally, 16 S rRNA sequencing showed 31.5 % upregulation of Prevotella, 20.5 % and 21.6 % downregulation of Ruminococcus and Suterella at the genus level, which may be a new gut microbial marker in hyperuricemia. In conclusion, Fmb14 ameliorated CPH through the gut-kidney axis, suggesting a new strategy to prevent hyperuricemia.
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Life-long sports engagement enhances adult erythrocyte adenylate energetics. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23759. [PMID: 34887502 PMCID: PMC8660807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03275-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity reduces age-related metabolic and functional decline. The energy stored in adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP, and AMP) is essential to enable multiple vital functions of erythrocytes and body tissues. Our study aimed to predict the rate of age-related changes in erythrocyte adenylate energetics in athletes and untrained controls. The erythrocyte concentration of adenylates was measured in 68 elite endurance runners (EN, 20–81 years), 58 elite sprinters (SP, 21–90 years), and 62 untrained individuals (CO, 20–68 years). Resting concentrations of ATP, total adenine nucleotide pool, and ADP/AMP ratio were lowest in the CO group and highest in the SP group. The concentration of erythrocyte ADP and AMP was lowest in the EN group and highest in the CO group. In all studied groups, we found a significant increase in the concentration of most erythrocyte adenylate metabolites with age. For ADP and AMP, the trend was also significant but decreasing. Our study strongly suggests that lifelong sports and physical activity participation supports erythrocyte energetics preservation. Although the direction and the predicted rates of change are similar regardless of the training status, the concentrations of particular metabolites are more advantageous in highly trained athletes than in less active controls. Of the two analyzed types of physical training, sprint-oriented training seems to be more efficient in enhancing erythrocyte metabolism throughout adulthood and old age than endurance training.
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Muñoz-Cano R, San Bartolome C, Casas-Saucedo R, Araujo G, Gelis S, Ruano-Zaragoza M, Roca-Ferrer J, Palomares F, Martin M, Bartra J, Pascal M. Immune-Mediated Mechanisms in Cofactor-Dependent Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis: Effect of Cofactors in Basophils and Mast Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:623071. [PMID: 33679712 PMCID: PMC7925840 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.623071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofactors may explain why in some cases food ingestion leads to anaphylaxis while in others elicits a milder reaction or tolerance. With cofactors, reactions become more severe and/or have a lower allergen threshold. Cofactors are present in up to 58% of food anaphylaxis (FAn). Exercise, NSAIDs, and alcohol are the most frequently described, although the underlying mechanisms are poorly known. Several hypotheses have suggested the influence of these cofactors on basophils and mast cells (MCs). Exercise has been suggested to enhance MC activation by increasing plasma osmolarity, redistributing blood flow, and activating adenosine and eicosanoid metabolism. NSAIDs’ cofactor effect has been related with cyclooxygenase inhibition and therefore, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Indeed, overexpression of adenosine receptor 3 (A3) gene has been described in NSAID-dependent FAn; A3 activation potentiates FcϵRI-induced MC degranulation. Finally, alcohol has been related with an increase of histamine levels by inhibition of diamino oxidase (DAO) and also with and increase of extracellular adenosine by inhibition of its uptake. However, most of these mechanisms have limited evidence, and further studies are urgently needed. In conclusion, the study of the immune-related mechanisms involved in food allergic reactions enhanced by cofactors is of the utmost interest. This knowledge will help to design both tailored treatments and prophylactic strategies that, nowadays, are non-existent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Muñoz-Cano
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Institut Clinic Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara San Bartolome
- Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Immunology Department, Centre de Diagnostic Biomedic (CDB), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío Casas-Saucedo
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Institut Clinic Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanna Araujo
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Institut Clinic Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Gelis
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Institut Clinic Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Ruano-Zaragoza
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Institut Clinic Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Roca-Ferrer
- Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francis Palomares
- Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Margarita Martin
- Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry Unit, University of Barcelona Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Bartra
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Institut Clinic Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alergia (ARADyAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunoalergia Respiratoria y Experimental - Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IRCE-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Immunology Department, Centre de Diagnostic Biomedic (CDB), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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Dudzinska W, Lubkowska A. Changes in the Concentration of Purine and Pyridine as a Response to Single Whole-Body Cryostimulation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:634816. [PMID: 33584352 PMCID: PMC7873528 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.634816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To our knowledge, this is the first study in which we provide evidence that a single whole-body cryostimulation treatment leads to changes associated with erythrocyte energy metabolism. These changes are beneficial from the point of view of cellular bioenergetics, because they are associated with an increase in ATP concentration and erythrocyte energy potential expressed by an increase in the ATP/ADP and ATP/AMP ratios and the value of adenylate energy charge (AEC). In addition, as affected by cryogenic temperatures, there is a decrease in the concentration of purine catabolism products, i.e., inosine and hypoxanthine in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Dudzinska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Rodziewicz E, Król-Zielińska M, Zieliński J, Kusy K, Ziemann E. Plasma Concentration of Irisin and Brain-Derived-Neurotrophic Factor and Their Association With the Level of Erythrocyte Adenine Nucleotides in Response to Long-Term Endurance Training at Rest and After a Single Bout of Exercise. Front Physiol 2020; 11:923. [PMID: 32848864 PMCID: PMC7411220 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effect of a single bout of incremental exercise on irisin and BDNF plasma concentrations as related to erythrocyte purine nucleotides concentration at rest and after exercise. Master endurance master athletes (training experience 38 ± 6 years) and a group of untrained participants completed a single bout of progressive incremental exercise test until exhaustion. The dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and blood collection were performed. Blood was taken twice at rest and 10 min after exercise. Concentrations of ATP, ADP, and AMP were assessed in the erythrocytes. Hypoxanthine and uric acid were determined in plasma using the high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentrations of irisin and BDNF were assessed through the immunoenzymatic method. The ATP level, ATP/ADP ratio and AEC value were significantly higher in the athletic group. A significantly higher concentration of BDNF was it also noted in the trained group that correlated with the erythrocyte energy status at rest. The single session of exercise induced a significant increase in ATP erythrocyte levels in both groups. Both exerkines significantly correlated at rest with red blood cell adenine nucleotides and degradation products (BDNF positively and irisin negatively). The blood concentration of BDNF and irisin, in response to exercise, was not significantly different between groups. Obtained data revealed a higher erythrocyte energy status and lower purine degradation products concentration in master athletes. Also resting plasma exerkines differed substantially between groups. In conclusion, long-term training resulted in exercise adaptation reflected by a higher erythrocyte energy status, lower purine degradation products concentration and modified concentration of exerkines (higher BDNF and lower irisin blood concentrations). Therefore, we consider the training-induced adaptations in master athletes to be beneficial and significant. The moderate level of physical activity in the untrained group, even if sufficient in terms of general health, did not cause any discernible changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Rodziewicz
- Department of Physical Therapy and Biological Regeneration, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Król-Zielińska
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kusy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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Mahanty A, Xi L. Utility of cardiac biomarkers in sports medicine: Focusing on troponin, natriuretic peptides, and hypoxanthine. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 2:65-71. [PMID: 35784176 PMCID: PMC9219314 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based consensus suggests that physical activity and regular exercise training can reduce modifiable risk factors as well as rate of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, obesity and cancer. Conversely, long-term exercise training and drastic increase in vigorous physical activity may also cause acute cardiovascular events (e.g. acute myocardial infarction) and deleterious cardiac remodeling, particularly when exercise is performed by unfit or susceptible individuals. There is a reversed J-shaped hormesis-like curve between the duration and intensity of exercise and level of CVD risks. Therefore, it is important for an early detection of cardiac injuries in professional and amateur athletes. Under this context, this article focuses on the use of biomarker testing, an indispensable component in the current clinical practices especially in Cardiology and Oncology. We attempt to justify the importance of using circulating biomarkers in routine practices of Sports Medicine for an objective assessment of CVD events following exercise. Special attentions are dedicated to three established or emerging cardiac biomarkers (i.e. cardiac troponins, natriuretic peptides, hypoxanthine) for myocardial tissue hypoxia/ischemia events, muscle stress, and the consequent cellular necrotic injury. Based on these focused analyses, we propose use of circulating biomarker testing in both laboratory and point-of-care settings with an increasingly broader involvement or participation of team physicians, trainers, coaches, primary care doctors, as well as educated athlete community. This diagnostic approach may improve the quality of medical surveillance and preventive measures on exercise-related CVD risks/outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Xi
- Corresponding author. Division of Cardiology, Box 980204, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Room 7-020C, Richmond, VA, 23298-0204, USA.
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