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El-Hawary SS, Hassan MHA, Hudhud AO, Al-Karmalawy AA, Mustafa M, Hamed EAE, Abdelmohsen UR, Mohammed R. LC-HRMS Profiling and Cytotoxic Potential of Actinomycetes Associated with the Red Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum: In vitro and In silico Studies. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301617. [PMID: 38193652 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, the actinomycetes associated with the red sea-derived soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum were investigated in terms of biological and chemical diversity. Four different media, M1, ISP2, Marine Agar (MA), and Actinomycete isolation agar (AIA) were used for the isolation of three strains of actinomycetes that were identified as Streptomyces sp. UR 25, Micromonospora sp. UR32 and Saccharomonospora sp. UR 19. LC-HRMS analysis was used to investigate the chemical diversity of the isolated actinobacteria. The LC-HRMS data were statistically processed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 viz to differentiate the extract groups and determine the optimal growth culturing conditions. Multivariate data statistical analysis revealed that the Micromonospora sp. extract cultured on (MA) medium is the most distinctive extract in terms of chemical composition. While, the Streptomyces sp. UR 25 extracts are differ significantly from Micromonospora sp. UR32 and Saccharomonospora sp. UR 19. Biological investigation using in vitro cytotoxic assay for actinobacteria extracts revealed the prominent potentiality of the Streptomyces sp. UR 25 cultured on oligotrophic medium against human hepatoma (HepG2), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human colon adenocarcinoma (CACO2) cell lines (IC50 =3.3, 4.2 and 6.8 μg/mL, respectively). SwissTarget Prediction speculated that among the identified compounds, 16-deethyl, indanomycin (8) could have reasonable affinity on HDM2 active site. In this respect, molecular docking study was performed for compound (8) to reveal a substantial affinity on HDM2 active site. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out at 200 ns for the most active compound (8) compared to the co-crystallized inhibitor DIZ giving deeper information regarding their thermodynamic and dynamic properties as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham S El-Hawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11511, Egypt
| | - Marwa H A Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O Hudhud
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Merit University, Sohag, 82511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Muhamad Mustafa
- IBMM, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34095, France
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A E Hamed
- National institute of oceanography and Fisheries, Hurghada-Red Sea (NIOF), 84511, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Rabab Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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Salleh NF, Wang J, Kundukad B, Oluwabusola ET, Goh DXY, Phyo MY, Tong JJL, Kjelleberg S, Tan LT. Cyclopropane-Containing Specialized Metabolites from the Marine Cyanobacterium cf. Lyngbya sp. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093965. [PMID: 37175374 PMCID: PMC10180397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria are known to produce structurally diverse bioactive specialized metabolites during bloom occurrence. These ecologically active allelochemicals confer chemical defense for the microalgae from competing microbes and herbivores. From a collection of a marine cyanobacterium, cf. Lyngbya sp., a small quantity of a new cyclopropane-containing molecule, benderadiene (2), and lyngbyoic acid (1) were purified and characterized using spectroscopic methods. Using live reporter quorum-sensing (QS) inhibitory assays, based on P. aeruginosa PAO1 lasB-gfp and rhlA-gfp strains, both compounds were found to inhibit QS-regulated gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. In addition to lyngbyoic acid being more active in the PAO1 lasB-gfp biosensor strain (IC50 of 20.4 µM), it displayed anti-biofilm activity when incubated with wild-type P. aeruginosa. The discovery of lyngbyoic acid in relatively high amounts provided insights into its ecological significance as a defensive allelochemical in targeting competing microbes through interference with their QS systems and starting material to produce other related analogs. Similar strategies could be adopted by other marine cyanobacterial strains where the high production of other lipid acids has been reported. Preliminary evidence is provided from the virtual molecular docking of these cyanobacterial free acids at the ligand-binding site of the P. aeruginosa LasR transcriptional protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Farhana Salleh
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Jiale Wang
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Binu Kundukad
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Emmanuel T Oluwabusola
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Delia Xin Yin Goh
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Ma Yadanar Phyo
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Jasmine Jie Lin Tong
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Staffan Kjelleberg
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Lik Tong Tan
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
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Gamaleldin NM, Bahr HS, Mostafa YA, McAllister BF, El Zawily A, Ngwa CJ, Pradel G, Hassan HM, Abdelmohsen UR, Alkhalifah DHM, Hozzein WN. Metabolomic Profiling, In Vitro Antimalarial Investigation and In Silico Modeling of the Marine Actinobacterium Strain Rhodococcus sp. UR111 Associated with the Soft Coral Nephthea sp. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1631. [PMID: 36421275 PMCID: PMC9686727 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a persistent illness with a great public health concern. To combat this fatal disease, developing effective antimalarial medications has become a necessity. In the present study, we described the actinomycetes associated with the Red Sea soft coral Nephthea sp. and isolated a strain that was sub-cultured in three different media (M1, ISP2, and OLIGO). Actinomycete isolate's phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that it belongs to the genus Rhodococcus. In vitro screening of the antimalarial activity for three extracts against Plasmodium falciparum was carried out. Non-targeted metabolomics for the chemical characterization of the isolated actinomycete species UA111 derived extracts were employed using high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS) for dereplication purposes. Additionally, statistical analysis of the vast LC-MS data was performed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0. Finally, an in silico analysis was conducted to investigate the potential chemical compounds that could be the source of the antimalarial potential. The results revealed that ISP2 media extract is the most effective against Plasmodium falciparum, according to antimalarial screening (IC50 8.5 µg/mL), in contrast, OLIGO media extract was inactive. LC-HRMS-based metabolomics identified a range of metabolites, mainly alkaloids, from the genus Rhodococcus. On the other hand, multivariate analysis showed chemical diversity between the analyzed samples, with ISP2 extract being optimal. The docking analysis was able to anticipate the various patterns of interaction of the annotated compounds with three malarial protein targets (P. falciparum kinase, P. falciparum cytochrome bc1 complex, and P. falciparum lysyl-tRNA synthetase). Among all of the test compounds, perlolyrine (11) and 3097-B2 (12) displayed the best docking profiles. In conclusion, this work demonstrated the value of the established method for the metabolic profiling of marine actinomycetes using the data from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which helps to streamline the difficult isolation stages required for their chemical characterization. In addition, the antimalarial efficacy of this strain has intriguing implications for future pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M. Gamaleldin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah S. Bahr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62764, Egypt
| | - Yaser A. Mostafa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | | | - Amr El Zawily
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1324, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Che J. Ngwa
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, Institute of Zoology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Pradel
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, Institute of Zoology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hossam M. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael N. Hozzein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
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A Novel Approach for Fast Screening of a Complex Cyanobacterial Extract for Immunomodulatory Properties and Antibacterial Activity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12062847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The filamentous cyanobacteria from genus Phormidium are rich natural sources of bioactive compounds that could be exploited as pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals. In this study, we suggest a novel approach for assessing the immunomodulatory properties of the products derived from cyanobacteria. The influence of Phormidium papyraceum extract on the human leukocyte immunophenotype was evaluated by attempting to link this activity to certain putative compounds identified in the extract. By using three staining panels and flow cytometry, we found that the cyanobacterial extract affected mainly CD4+ T cells upregulating activated CD4+CD152+ T cells (15.75 ± 1.93% treated vs. 4.65 ± 1.41% control) and regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (5.36 ± 0.64% treated vs. 1.03 ± 0.08% control). Furthermore, P. papyraceum extract can modulate T cell subpopulations with a CD4+ effector/memory phenotype. Extract-treated cells showed increased production of IL-2 (55 ± 12 pg/mL) and IL-6 (493 ± 64 pg/mL) compared to the untreated, 21 ± 7 pg/mL and 250 ± 39 pg/mL, respectively. No significant changes were observed in the secretion of TNF-α. In addition, P. papyraceum extract displayed antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative (inhibition zone from 18.25 ± 0.50 mm to 20.28 ± 1.50 mm) and Gram-positive (inhibition zone from 10.86 ± 0.85 mm to 17.00 ± 0.82 mm) bacteria. The chemical profile of the cyanobacterial extract was determined using LC–ESI–MS/MS analysis, where at least 112 putative compounds were detected. Many of these compounds have proven different biological activities. We speculated that compounds such as betulin and the macrolide azithromycin (or their analogues) could be responsible for the immunomodulatory potential of the investigated extract. More studies are needed to determine and validate the biological activities of the determined putative compounds.
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Zhu X, Huang J, Huang S, Wen Y, Lan X, Wang X, Lu C, Wang Z, Fan N, Shang D. Combining Metabolomics and Interpretable Machine Learning to Reveal Plasma Metabolic Profiling and Biological Correlates of Alcohol-Dependent Inpatients: What About Tryptophan Metabolism Regulation? Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:760669. [PMID: 34859050 PMCID: PMC8630631 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.760669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol dependence (AD) is a condition of alcohol use disorder in which the drinkers frequently develop emotional symptoms associated with a continuous alcohol intake. AD characterized by metabolic disturbances can be quantitatively analyzed by metabolomics to identify the alterations in metabolic pathways. This study aimed to: i) compare the plasma metabolic profiling between healthy and AD-diagnosed individuals to reveal the altered metabolic profiles in AD, and ii) identify potential biological correlates of alcohol-dependent inpatients based on metabolomics and interpretable machine learning. Plasma samples were obtained from healthy (n = 42) and AD-diagnosed individuals (n = 43). The plasma metabolic differences between them were investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (AB SCIEX® QTRAP 4500 system) in different electrospray ionization modes with scheduled multiple reaction monitoring scans. In total, 59 and 52 compounds were semi-quantitatively measured in positive and negative ionization modes, respectively. In addition, 39 metabolites were identified as important variables to contribute to the classifications using an orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) (VIP > 1) and also significantly different between healthy and AD-diagnosed individuals using univariate analysis (p-value < 0.05 and false discovery rate < 0.05). Among the identified metabolites, indole-3-carboxylic acid, quinolinic acid, hydroxy-tryptophan, and serotonin were involved in the tryptophan metabolism along the indole, kynurenine, and serotonin pathways. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed significant changes or imbalances in alanine, aspartate, glutamate metabolism, which was possibly the main altered pathway related to AD. Tryptophan metabolism interactively influenced other metabolic pathways, such as nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Furthermore, among the OPLS-DA-identified metabolites, normetanephrine and ascorbic acid were demonstrated as suitable biological correlates of AD inpatients from our model using an interpretable, supervised decision tree classifier algorithm. These findings indicate that the discriminatory metabolic profiles between healthy and AD-diagnosed individuals may benefit researchers in illustrating the underlying molecular mechanisms of AD. This study also highlights the approach of combining metabolomics and interpretable machine learning as a valuable tool to uncover potential biological correlates. Future studies should focus on the global analysis of the possible roles of these differential metabolites and disordered metabolic pathways in the pathophysiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- Department of Substance Dependence, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanqing Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuguan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochang Lan
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Substance Dependence, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xipei Wang
- Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanli Lu
- Guangzhou Rely Medical Diagnostic Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanzhang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Fan
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Substance Dependence, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewei Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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El‐Hawary S, Mohammed R, Bahr H, Attia E, El‐Katatny M, Abelyan N, Al‐Sanea M, Moawad A, Abdelmohsen U. Soybean-associated endophytic fungi as potential source for anti-COVID-19 metabolites supported by docking analysis. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1193-1211. [PMID: 33559270 PMCID: PMC8013715 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus, Aspergillus terreus and to explore the anti-viral activity of the identified metabolites against the pandemic disease COVID-19 in-silico. METHODS AND RESULTS Herein, we reported the isolation of A. terreus, the endophytic fungus associated with soybean roots, which is then subcultured using OSMAC approach in five different culture media. Analytical analysis of media ethylacetate extracts using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was carried out. Furthermore, the obtained LC-MS data were statistically processed with MetaboAnalyst 4.0. Molecular docking studies were performed for the dereplicated metabolites against COVID-19 main protease (Mpro ). Metabolomic profiling revealed the presence of 18 compounds belonging to different chemical classes. Quinones, polyketides and isocoumarins were the most abundant classes. Multivariate analysis revealed that potato dextrose broth and modified potato dextrose broth are the optimal media for metabolites production. Molecular docking studies declared that the metabolites, Aspergillide B1 and 3a-Hydroxy-3, 5-dihydromonacolin L showed the highest binding energy scores towards COVID-19 main protease (Mpro ) (-9·473) and (-9·386), respectively, and they interact strongly with the catalytic dyad (His41 and Cys145) amino acid residues of Mpro . CONCLUSIONS A combination of metabolomics and in-silico approaches have allowed a shorter route to search for anti-COVID-19 natural products in a shorter time. The dereplicated metabolites, aspergillide B1 and 3α-Hydroxy-3, 5-dihydromonacolin L were found to be potent anti-COVID-19 drug candidates in the molecular docking study. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study revealed that the endophytic fungus, A. terreus can be considered as a potential source of natural bioactive products. In addition to, the possibility of developing the metabolites, aspergillide B1 and 3α-Hydroxy-3, 5-dihydromonacolin L to be used as phytopharmaceuticals for the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.S. El‐Hawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - R. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Beni‐Suef University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - H.S. Bahr
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Nahda University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - E.Z. Attia
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Minia University Minia Egypt
| | - M.H. El‐Katatny
- Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of Science Minia University Minia Egypt
| | - N. Abelyan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy Russian‐Armenian University Yerevan Armenia
- Foundation for Armenian Science and Technology Yerevan Armenia
| | - M.M. Al‐Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy Jouf University Sakaka Saudi Arabia
| | - A.S. Moawad
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Beni‐Suef University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - U.R. Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Minia University Minia Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Deraya University New Minia City Minia Egypt
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Jeong Y, Cho SH, Lee H, Choi HK, Kim DM, Lee CG, Cho S, Cho BK. Current Status and Future Strategies to Increase Secondary Metabolite Production from Cyanobacteria. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1849. [PMID: 33255283 PMCID: PMC7761380 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria, given their ability to produce various secondary metabolites utilizing solar energy and carbon dioxide, are a potential platform for sustainable production of biochemicals. Until now, conventional metabolic engineering approaches have been applied to various cyanobacterial species for enhanced production of industrially valued compounds, including secondary metabolites and non-natural biochemicals. However, the shortage of understanding of cyanobacterial metabolic and regulatory networks for atmospheric carbon fixation to biochemical production and the lack of available engineering tools limit the potential of cyanobacteria for industrial applications. Recently, to overcome the limitations, synthetic biology tools and systems biology approaches such as genome-scale modeling based on diverse omics data have been applied to cyanobacteria. This review covers the synthetic and systems biology approaches for advanced metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences and KAIST Institutes for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (Y.J.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Sang-Hyeok Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences and KAIST Institutes for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (Y.J.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Hookeun Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea;
| | | | - Dong-Myung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Choul-Gyun Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Suhyung Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences and KAIST Institutes for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (Y.J.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Byung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences and KAIST Institutes for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (Y.J.); (S.-H.C.)
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