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Yang X, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Shi X, Wu Z. Dinoflagellate-Bacteria Interactions: Physiology, Ecology, and Evolution. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:579. [PMID: 39194517 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Dinoflagellates and heterotrophic bacteria are two major micro-organism groups within marine ecosystems. Their coexistence has led to a co-evolutionary relationship characterized by intricate interactions that not only alter their individual behaviors but also exert a significant influence on the broader biogeochemical cycles. Our review commenced with an analysis of bacterial populations, both free-living and adherent to dinoflagellate surfaces. Members of Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides group are repeatedly found to be associated with dinoflagellates, with representation by relatively few genera, such as Methylophaga, Marinobacter, and Alteromonas. These bacterial taxa engage with dinoflagellates in a limited capacity, involving nutrient exchange, the secretion of pathogenic substances, or participation in chemical production. Furthermore, the genomic evolution of dinoflagellates has been profoundly impacted by the horizontal gene transfer from bacteria. The integration of bacterial genes into dinoflagellates has been instrumental in defining their biological characteristics and nutritional strategies. This review aims to elucidate the nuanced interactions between dinoflagellates and their associated bacteria, offering a detailed perspective on their complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yanwen Zhang
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinguo Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Huang S, Zuo L, Zhang L, Guo X, Cheng C, He Y, Cheng G, Yu J, Liu Y, Chen R, Tang G, Fan Y, Feng L. Design, Synthesis, and Mode of Action of Thioacetamide Derivatives as the Algicide Candidate Based on Active Substructure Splicing Strategy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7021-7032. [PMID: 38501582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Lakes and reservoirs worldwide are experiencing a growing problem with harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs), which have significant implications for ecosystem health and water quality. Algaecide is an effective way to control HCBs effectively. In this study, we applied an active substructure splicing strategy for rapid discovery of algicides. Through this strategy, we first optimized the structure of the lead compound S5, designed and synthesized three series of thioacetamide derivatives (series A, B, C), and then evaluated their algicidal activities. Finally, compound A3 with excellent performance was found, which accelerated the process of discovering and developing new algicides. The biological activity assay data showed that A3 had a significant inhibitory effect on M. aeruginosa. FACHB905 (EC50 = 0.46 μM) and Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 (EC50 = 0.95 μM), which was better than the commercial algicide prometryn (M. aeruginosa. FACHB905, EC50 = 6.52 μM; Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, EC50 = 4.64 μM) as well as better than lead compound S5 (M. aeruginosa. FACHB905, EC50 = 8.80 μM; Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, EC50 = 7.70 μM). The relationship between the surface electrostatic potential, chemical reactivity, and global electrophilicity of the compounds and their activities was discussed by density functional theory (DFT). Physiological and biochemical studies have shown that A3 might affect the photosynthesis pathway and antioxidant system in cyanobacteria, resulting in the morphological changes of cyanobacterial cells. Our work demonstrated that A3 might be a promising candidate for the development of novel algicides and provided a new active skeleton for the development of subsequent chemical algicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lingzi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Liexiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoliang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Cai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yanlin He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Guonian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology, 7 North Bingang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430083, China
| | - Ruiqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Guangmei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yuxuan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology, 7 North Bingang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430083, China
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Wang Y, Coyne KJ. Molecular Insights into the Synergistic Effects of Putrescine and Ammonium on Dinoflagellates. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1306. [PMID: 38279308 PMCID: PMC10816187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ammonium and polyamines are essential nitrogen metabolites in all living organisms. Crosstalk between ammonium and polyamines through their metabolic pathways has been demonstrated in plants and animals, while no research has been directed to explore this relationship in algae or to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Previous research demonstrated that high concentrations of ammonium and putrescine were among the active substances in bacteria-derived algicide targeting dinoflagellates, suggesting that the biochemical inter-connection and/or interaction of these nitrogen compounds play an essential role in controlling these ecologically important algal species. In this research, putrescine, ammonium, or a combination of putrescine and ammonium was added to cultures of three dinoflagellate species to explore their effects. The results demonstrated the dose-dependent and species-specific synergistic effects of putrescine and ammonium on these species. To further explore the molecular mechanisms behind the synergistic effects, transcriptome analysis was conducted on dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum treated with putrescine or ammonium vs. a combination of putrescine and ammonium. The results suggested that the synergistic effects of putrescine and ammonium disrupted polyamine homeostasis and reduced ammonium tolerance, which may have contributed to the cell death of K. veneficum. There was also transcriptomic evidence of damage to chloroplasts and impaired photosynthesis of K. veneficum. This research illustrates the molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic effects of the major nitrogen metabolites, ammonium and putrescine, in dinoflagellates and provides direction for future studies on polyamine biology in algal species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn J. Coyne
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958, USA;
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Meng F, Tan L, Cai P, Wang J. Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on growth and hemolysin production of microalgae Karlodinium veneficum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 266:106810. [PMID: 38134819 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
There are few studies on the effects of nanoplastics on growth and hemolysin production of harmful algal bloom species at present. In this study, Karlodinium veneficum was exposed to different concentrations (0, 5, 25, 50, 75 mg/L) of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs, 100 nm) for 96 h. The effects of PS-NPs on growth of K. veneficum were investigated by measuring algal cell abundance, growth inhibition rate (IR), total protein (TP), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione reductase (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ATPase activity (Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+ ATPase). Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope (SEM and TEM) images of microalgae with or without nanoplastics were also observed. The effects of PS-NPs on hemolysin production of K. veneficum were studied by measuring the changes of hemolytic toxin production of K. veneficum exposed to PS-NPs on 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. High concentrations (50 and 75 mg/L) of PS-NPs seriously affected the growth of K. veneficum and different degrees of damage to cell morphology and ultrastructure were found. Excessive free radicals and other oxidants were produced in the cells, which disrupted the intracellular redox balance state and caused oxidative damage to the cells, and the basic activities such as photosynthesis and energy metabolism were weakened. The athletic ability of K. veneficum was decreased, but the ability to produce hemolysin was enhanced. It was suggested that the presence of nanoplastics in seawater may strengthen the threat of harmful algal bloom species to aquatic ecosystems and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanmeng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, No.238, Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, No.238, Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Peining Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, No.238, Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, No.238, Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Cruz-Balladares V, Avalos V, Vera-Villalobos H, Cameron H, Gonzalez L, Leyton Y, Riquelme C. Identification of a Shewanella halifaxensis Strain with Algicidal Effects on Red Tide Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum triestinum in Culture. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:501. [PMID: 37755114 PMCID: PMC10532897 DOI: 10.3390/md21090501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Prorocentrum triestinum forms high biomass blooms that discolor the water (red tides), which may pose a serious threat to marine fauna and aquaculture exploitations. In this study, the algicidal effect of a bacterial strain (0YLH) belonging to the genus Shewanella was identified and evaluated against P. triestinum. The algicidal effects on the dinoflagellate were observed when P. triestinum was exposed to cell-free supernatant (CFS) from stationary-phase cultures of the 0YLH strain. After 24 h exposure, a remarkable reduction in the photosynthetic efficiency of P. triestinum was achieved (55.9%), suggesting the presence of extracellular bioactive compounds produced by the bacteria with algicidal activity. Furthermore, the CFS exhibited stability and maintained its activity across a wide range of temperatures (20-120 °C) and pH values (3-11). These findings highlight the algicidal potential of the bacterium Shewanella halifaxensis 0YLH as a promising tool for the environmentally friendly biological control of P. triestinum blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Cruz-Balladares
- Centro de Bioinnovación de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile (H.V.-V.); (H.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Vladimir Avalos
- Centro de Bioinnovación de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile (H.V.-V.); (H.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Hernán Vera-Villalobos
- Centro de Bioinnovación de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile (H.V.-V.); (H.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Henry Cameron
- Centro de Bioinnovación de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile (H.V.-V.); (H.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Leonel Gonzalez
- Centro de Bioinnovación de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile (H.V.-V.); (H.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Yanett Leyton
- Centro de Bioinnovación de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile (H.V.-V.); (H.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Carlos Riquelme
- Centro de Bioinnovación de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile (H.V.-V.); (H.C.); (C.R.)
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
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Roussel A, Mériot V, Jauffrais T, Berteaux-Lecellier V, Lebouvier N. OMICS Approaches to Assess Dinoflagellate Responses to Chemical Stressors. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1234. [PMID: 37759633 PMCID: PMC10525455 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Dinoflagellates are important primary producers known to form Harmful Algae Blooms (HABs). In water, nutrient availability, pH, salinity and anthropogenic contamination constitute chemical stressors for them. The emergence of OMICs approaches propelled our understanding of dinoflagellates' responses to stressors. However, in dinoflagellates, these approaches are still biased, as transcriptomic approaches are largely conducted compared to proteomic and metabolomic approaches. Furthermore, integrated OMICs approaches are just emerging. Here, we report recent contributions of the different OMICs approaches to the investigation of dinoflagellates' responses to chemical stressors and discuss the current challenges we need to face to push studies further despite the lack of genomic resources available for dinoflagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Roussel
- ISEA, EA7484, Campus de Nouville, Université de la Nouvelle Calédonie, Noumea 98851, New Caledonia; (A.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincent Mériot
- ISEA, EA7484, Campus de Nouville, Université de la Nouvelle Calédonie, Noumea 98851, New Caledonia; (A.R.); (V.M.)
- Ifremer, IRD, CNRS, Univ. de la Réunion, Univ. de la Nouvelle Calédonie, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, 101 Promenade Roger Laroque, Noumea 98897, New Caledonia;
| | - Thierry Jauffrais
- Ifremer, IRD, CNRS, Univ. de la Réunion, Univ. de la Nouvelle Calédonie, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, 101 Promenade Roger Laroque, Noumea 98897, New Caledonia;
| | - Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier
- CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Univ. de la Réunion, Univ. de la Nouvelle Calédonie, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, 101 Promenade Roger Laroque, Noumea 98897, New Caledonia;
| | - Nicolas Lebouvier
- ISEA, EA7484, Campus de Nouville, Université de la Nouvelle Calédonie, Noumea 98851, New Caledonia; (A.R.); (V.M.)
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