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Bilog M, Vedad J, Capadona C, Profit AA, Desamero RZB. Key charged residues influence the amyloidogenic propensity of the helix-1 region of serum amyloid A. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130690. [PMID: 39117048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Increased plasma levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute-phase protein that is secreted in response to inflammation, may lead to the accumulation of amyloid in various organs thereby obstructing their functions. Severe cases can lead to a systemic disorder called AA amyloidosis. Previous studies suggest that the N-terminal helix is the most amyloidogenic region of SAA. Moreover, computational studies implicated a significant role for Arg-1 and the residue-specific interactions formed during the fibrillization process. With a focus on the N-terminal region of helix-1, SAA1-13, mutational analysis was employed to interrogate the roles of the amino acid residues, Arg-1, Ser-5, Glu-9, and Asp-12. The truncated SAA1-13 fragment was systematically modified by substituting the key residues with alanine or uncharged but structurally similar amino acids. We monitored the changes in the amyloidogenic propensities, associated conformational markers, and morphology of the amyloids resulting from the mutation of SAA1-13. Mutating out Arg-1 resulted in much reduced aggregation propensity and a lack of detectable β-structures alluding to the importance of salt-bridge interactions involving Arg-1. Our data revealed that by systematically mutating the key amino acid residues, we can modulate the amyloidogenic propensity and alter the time-dependent conformational variation of the peptide. When the behaviors of each mutant peptide were analyzed, they provided evidence consistent with the aggregation pathway predicted by MD simulation studies. Here, we detail the important temporal molecular interactions formed by Arg-1 with Ser-5, Glu-9, and Asp-12 and discuss its mechanistic implications on the self-assembly of the helix-1 region of SAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Bilog
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Macromolecular Assembly, York College of the City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451, United States; PhD Programs in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, 10016, United States
| | - Jayson Vedad
- PhD Programs in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, 10016, United States; Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, United States
| | - Charisse Capadona
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Macromolecular Assembly, York College of the City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451, United States
| | - Adam A Profit
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Macromolecular Assembly, York College of the City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451, United States; PhD Programs in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, 10016, United States; PhD Programs in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, 10016, United States
| | - Ruel Z B Desamero
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Macromolecular Assembly, York College of the City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451, United States; PhD Programs in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, 10016, United States; PhD Programs in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, New York, 10016, United States.
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Morozova OV, Manuvera VA, Barinov NA, Subcheva EN, Laktyushkin VS, Ivanov DA, Lazarev VN, Klinov DV. Self-assembling amyloid-like nanostructures from SARS-CoV-2 S1, S2, RBD and N recombinant proteins. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109843. [PMID: 38072298 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling nanoparticles (saNP) and nanofibers were found in the recombinant coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 S1, S2, RBD and N proteins purified by affinity chromatography using Ni Sepharose. Scanning electron (SEM), atomic force (AFM) microscopy on mica or graphite surface and in liquid as well as dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed nanostructures of various sizes. AFM in liquid cell without drying on the surface showed mean height of S1 saNP 80.03 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) 0.006; for S2 saNP mean height 93.32 nm, PDI = 0.008; for N saNP mean height 16.71 nm, PDI = 0.99; for RBD saNP mean height 16.25 nm, PDI = 0.55. Ratios between the height and radius of each saNP in the range 0.1-0.5 suggested solid protein NP but not vesicles with internal empty spaces. The solid but not empty structures of the protein saNP were also confirmed by STEM after treatment of saNP with the standard contrasting agent uranyl acetate. The saNP remained stable after multiple freeze-thaw cycles in water and hyperosmotic solutions for 2 years at -20 °C. Receptor-mediated penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 and RBD saNP in the African green mokey kidney Vero cells with the specific receptors for β-coronavirus reproduction was more efficient compared to unspecific endocytosis into MDCK cells without the specific receptors. Amyloid-like structures were revealed in the SARS-CoV-2 S1, S2, RBD and N saNP by means of their interaction with Thioflavin T and Congo Red dyes. Taken together, spontaneous formation of the amyloid-like self-assembling nanostructures due to the internal affinity of the SARS-CoV-2 virion proteins might induce proteinopathy in patients, including conformational neurodegenerative diseases, change stability of vaccines and diagnostic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Morozova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435, Moscow, Russian Federation; Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of the National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology of N.F. Gamaleya of the Russian Ministry of Health, 16 Gamaleya Street, 123098, Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Per., 141700, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy ave. b.1, township Sirius, Krasnodar region, 354340, Russian Federation.
| | - Valentin A Manuvera
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435, Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Per., 141700, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay A Barinov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435, Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Per., 141700, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy ave. b.1, township Sirius, Krasnodar region, 354340, Russian Federation
| | - Elena N Subcheva
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy ave. b.1, township Sirius, Krasnodar region, 354340, Russian Federation
| | - Victor S Laktyushkin
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy ave. b.1, township Sirius, Krasnodar region, 354340, Russian Federation
| | - Dimitri A Ivanov
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy ave. b.1, township Sirius, Krasnodar region, 354340, Russian Federation; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1 bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation; Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse - IS2M, CNRS UMR7361, 15 Jean Starcky, Mulhouse, 68057, France
| | - Vassili N Lazarev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435, Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Per., 141700, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry V Klinov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435, Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Per., 141700, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy ave. b.1, township Sirius, Krasnodar region, 354340, Russian Federation
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Fulop T, Ramassamy C, Lévesque S, Frost EH, Laurent B, Lacombe G, Khalil A, Larbi A, Hirokawa K, Desroches M, Rodrigues S, Bourgade K, Cohen AA, Witkowski JM. Viruses - a major cause of amyloid deposition in the brain. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:775-790. [PMID: 37551672 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2244162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinically, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a syndrome with a spectrum of various cognitive disorders. There is a complete dissociation between the pathology and the clinical presentation. Therefore, we need a disruptive new approach to be able to prevent and treat AD. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors extensively discuss the evidence why the amyloid beta is not the pathological cause of AD which makes therefore the amyloid hypothesis not sustainable anymore. They review the experimental evidence underlying the role of microbes, especially that of viruses, as a trigger/cause for the production of amyloid beta leading to the establishment of a chronic neuroinflammation as the mediator manifesting decades later by AD as a clinical spectrum. In this context, the emergence and consequences of the infection/antimicrobial protection hypothesis are described. The epidemiological and clinical data supporting this hypothesis are also analyzed. EXPERT OPINION For decades, we have known that viruses are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. This discovery was ignored and discarded for a long time. Now we should accept this fact, which is not a hypothesis anymore, and stimulate the research community to come up with new ideas, new treatments, and new concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fulop
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | - Simon Lévesque
- CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie Et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine Et des Sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Eric H Frost
- Département de Microbiologie Et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine Et des Sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit Laurent
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Lacombe
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Abedelouahed Khalil
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Anis Larbi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Katsuiku Hirokawa
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Health and Life Science, Tokyo Medical Dental University, Tokyo and Nito-Memory Nakanosogo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mathieu Desroches
- MathNeuro Team, Inria Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, Biot, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Serafim Rodrigues
- Ikerbasque, BCAM, the Basque Foundation for Science and BCAM - The Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Karine Bourgade
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alan A Cohen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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