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Mishra A, Rawat SK, Yaseen M, Pant M. Development of machine learning algorithm for assessment of heat transfer of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow towards three different geometries: Case of artificial neural network. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21453. [PMID: 38027640 PMCID: PMC10660166 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of this paper revolves around the examination of flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid, specifically the Al2O3-Cu-CNT/water mixture, with buoyancy effect, across three distinct geometries: a wedge, a flat plate, and a cone. The study takes into account the presence of quadratic thermal radiation and heat source/sink of non-uniform nature. To develop the model, the Cattaneo-Christov theory is utilized. The equations governing the flow are solved by applying similarity transformations and employing the "bvp4c function in MATLAB" for numerical analysis and solution. Conventional methods for conducting parametric studies often face challenges in producing significant conclusions owing to the inherent complex form of the model and the method involved. To address the aforementioned issue, this paper explores the potential of machine learning methods to foresee the conduct of the flow characterized by multiple interconnected parameters. By utilizing simulated data, an artificial neural network is trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to learn and comprehend the underlying patterns. Subsequently, the trained neural network is employed to estimate the Nusselt number on the surfaces of all three geometries. This approach offers a promising alternative to traditional parametric studies, enabling more precise predictions and insights into the behavior of complex systems. The Nusselt number is highest for THNF flow over the cone. The mean squared error (MSE) values for the ANN algorithm, across all analyzed cases, range from 0 to 0.03972. The findings contribute to an improved understanding of the characteristics and dynamics of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow in various geometries, assisting in the design and optimization of heat transfer systems involving such fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Mishra
- Department of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Tula's Institute, Dehradun, 248197, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sawan Kumar Rawat
- Department of Mathematics, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Moh Yaseen
- Department of Mathematics, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140 413, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Pant
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Invertis University, Bareilly, 243123, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Nagaraja KV, Khan U, Madhukesh JK, Hassan AM, Prasannakumara BC, Ben Kahla N, Elattar S, Singh Chohan J. Heat and mass transfer analysis of assisting and opposing radiative flow conveying ternary hybrid nanofluid over an exponentially stretching surface. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14795. [PMID: 37684341 PMCID: PMC10491622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41916-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to dependable and environmentally friendly energy sources is critical to a country's economic growth and long-term development. As countries seek greener energy alternatives, the interaction of environmental elements, temperature, and sunlight becomes more critical in utilizing renewable energy sources such as wind and bioenergy. Solar power has received much attention due to extraordinary efficiency advances. under this context, the present work focus on solar radiation and chemical processes in the presence of modified ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNFs) circulating over an exponentially stretched surface in both aiding flow (A-F) and opposing flow (O-F) circumstances. The primary objective of this investigation is to dive into the complicated dynamics of these structures, which are distinguished by complex interactions involving radiation, chemical reactions, and the movement of fluids. We construct reduced ordinary differential equations from the governing equations using suitable similarity transformations, which allows for a more in-depth examination of the liquid's behavior. Numerical simulations using the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF) approach and shooting techniques are used to understand the underlying difficulties of these reduced equations. The results show that thermal radiation improves heat transmission substantially under O-F circumstances in contrast to A-F conditions. Furthermore, the reaction rate parameter has an exciting connection with concentration levels, with greater rates corresponding to lower concentrations. Furthermore, compared to the O-F scenario, the A-F scenario promotes higher heat transfer in the context of a modified nanofluid. Rising reaction rate and solid fraction volume enhanced mass transfer rate. The rate of thermal distribution in THNFs improves from 0.13 to 20.4% in A-F and 0.16 to 15.06% in O-F case when compared to HNFs. This study has real-world implications in several fields, including developing more efficient solar water heaters, solar thermal generating plants, and energy-saving air conditioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Nagaraja
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, 560035, India
| | - Umair Khan
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Department of Mathematics and Social Sciences, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, 65200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - J K Madhukesh
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, 560035, India.
| | - Ahmed M Hassan
- Mechanical Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - B C Prasannakumara
- Department of Studies in Mathematics, Davangere University, Davangere, 577002, India
| | - Nabil Ben Kahla
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia Elattar
- Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
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Rajesh V, Sheremet M. Natural Convection of Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in a Differential-Heated Enclosure with Non-Uniform Heating Wall. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14051049. [PMID: 37241672 DOI: 10.3390/mi14051049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the field of convective energy transfer, natural convection is one of the most studied phenomena, with applications ranging from heat exchangers and geothermal energy systems to hybrid nanofluids. The aim of this paper is to scrutinize the free convection of a ternary hybrid nanosuspension (Al2O3-Ag-CuO/water ternary hybrid nanofluid) in an enclosure with a linearly warming side border. The ternary hybrid nanosuspension motion and energy transfer have been modelled by partial differential equations (PDEs) with appropriate boundary conditions by the single-phase nanofluid model with the Boussinesq approximation. The finite element approach is applied to resolve the control PDEs after transforming them into a dimensionless view. The impact of significant characteristics such as the nanoparticles' volume fraction, Rayleigh number, and linearly heating temperature constant on the flow and thermal patterns combined with the Nusselt number has been investigated and analyzed using streamlines, isotherms, and other suitable patterns. The performed analysis has shown that the addition of a third kind of nanomaterial allows for intensifying the energy transport within the closed cavity. The transition between uniform heating to non-uniform heating of the left vertical wall characterizes the heat transfer degradation due to a reduction of the heat energy output from this heated wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vemula Rajesh
- Department of Mathematics, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Mikhail Sheremet
- Laboratory on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Noreen S, Farooq U, Waqas H, Fatima N, Alqurashi MS, Imran M, Akgül A, Bariq A. Comparative study of ternary hybrid nanofluids with role of thermal radiation and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux between double rotating disks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7795. [PMID: 37179414 PMCID: PMC10183014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat and mass transfer are crucial to numerous technical and commercial operations, including air conditioning, machinery power collectors, crop damage, processing food, heat transfer mechanisms, and cooling, among numerous others. The fundamental purpose of this research is to use the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model to disclose an MHD flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid through double discs. The results of a heat source and a magnetic field are therefore included in a system of PDEs that model the occurrences. These are transformed into an ODE system using similarity replacements. The first-order differential equations that emerge are then handled using the computational technique Bvp4c shooting scheme. The Bvp4c function in MATLAB is used to numerically solve the governing equations. The influence of the key important factors on velocity, temperature, nanoparticles concentration, and is illustrated visually. Furthermore, increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles improves thermal conduction, increasing the heat transfer rate at the top disc. The graph indicates that a slight increase in melting parameter rapidly declines the velocity distribution profile of nanofluid. The temperature profile was boosted due to the growing outcomes of the Prandtl number. The increasing variations of the thermal relaxation parameter decline the thermal distribution profile. Furthermore, for some exceptional instances, the obtained numerical answers were compared to previously disclosed data, yielding a satisfactory compromise. We believe that this discovery will have far-reaching ramifications in engineering, medicine, and the field of biomedical technology. Additionally, this model can be used to examine biological mechanisms, surgical techniques, nano-pharmacological drug delivery systems, and the therapy of diseases like cholesterol using nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Noreen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Waqas
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Nahid Fatima
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - M S Alqurashi
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Akgül
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Mathematics, Art and Science Faculty, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey
- Department of Mathematics, Mathematics Research Center, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, PC: 99138, Nicosia/Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Abdul Bariq
- Department of Mathematics, Laghman University, MehPPapetarlam 2701, Laghman, Afghanistan.
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Ramzan M, Kumam P, Lone SA, Seangwattana T, Saeed A, Galal AM. A theoretical analysis of the ternary hybrid nanofluid flows over a non-isothermal and non-isosolutal multiple geometries. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14875. [PMID: 37064476 PMCID: PMC10102231 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The current problem is concerned with the study of magnetohydrodynamic ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over two distinct geometries i.e., cone and wedge. The ternary hybrid nanoliquid with MHD has a lot of engineering and industrial applications. In polymer data processing, cone and wedge geometries are frequently utilized. Therefore, the present problem is designed to the flow of ternary hybrid nanoliquid over multiple geometries. Hybrid nanoliquids performed well in the heat transport rate as compared to the nanoliquid and conventional liquid. Here in this study, the idea of ternary hybrid nanoliquid is introduced to improve the energy and mass transmissions which show more satisfactory results in the thermal and mass transmission performance. The impacts of chemical reaction and thermal radiation are also executed in this model. The formulation of the present study is performed in the form of PDEs which are then transformed into the ODEs by using suitable similarity transformations. The homotopic analysis scheme is implemented for the semi-analytical solution of the existing model. Some major results that materialize from the present simplification are that; the tri-hybrid nanoliquid velocity is greater for the rising nanoparticles volume fractions. The enlargement in radiation parameter enlarged the tri-hybrid nanoliquid thermal profile. The mass transfer rate of the ternary hybrid nanoliquid is lesser for the Schmidt number and chemical reaction. Intensification in nanoparticles volume fractions and radiation parameter has increased the ternary hybrid nanofluid heat rate transfer for both cone and wedge geometries.
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Heat and mass transfer of micropolar liquid flow due to porous stretching/shrinking surface with ternary nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3011. [PMID: 36810296 PMCID: PMC9944350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present investigation is carried out to predict the flow characteristics of a micropolar liquid that is infused with ternary nanoparticles across a stretching/shrinking surface under the impact of chemical reactions and radiation. Here, three dissimilarly shaped nanoparticles (copper oxide, graphene and copper nanotubes) are suspended in H2O to analyse the characteristics of flow, heat and mass transfer. The flow is analysed using the inverse Darcy model, while the thermal analysis is based on the thermal radiation. Furthermore, the mass transfer is examined in light of the impact of first order chemically reactive species. The considered flow problem is modelled resulting with the governing equations. These governing equations are highly non linear partial differential equations. Adopting suitable similarity transformations partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations. The thermal and mass transfer analysis comprises two cases: PST/PSC and PHF/PMF. The analytical solution for energy and mass characteristics is extracted in terms of an incomplete gamma function. The characteristics of a micropolar liquid are analysed for various parameters and presented through graphs. The impact of skin friction is also considered in this analysis. The stretching and rate of mass transfer have a large influence on the microstructure of a product manufactured in the industries. The analytical results produced in the current study seem to be helpful in the polymer industry for manufacturing stretched plastic sheets.
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Mao Z, Xie J, Ding H. Editorial for the Special Issue on Micro and Smart Devices and Systems. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:164. [PMID: 36677225 PMCID: PMC9867163 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micro and smart devices and systems are small, interconnected devices and systems that are designed to be highly functional, efficient, and convenient [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebing Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5, 02-C-25b Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan
| | - Jin Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Lone SA, Alyami MA, Saeed A, Dawar A, Kumam P, Kumam W. MHD micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow over a flat surface subject to mixed convection and thermal radiation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17283. [PMID: 36241647 PMCID: PMC9568667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid nanofluids play a significant role in the advancement of thermal characteristics of pure fluids both at experimental and industrial levels. This work explores the mixed convective MHD micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow past a flat surface. The hybrid nanofluid flow is composed of alumina and silver nanoparticles whereas water is used as a base fluid. The plate has placed vertical in a permeable medium with suction and injection effects. Furthermore, viscous dissipation, thermal radiation and Joule heating effects are taken into consideration. Specific similarity variables have been used to convert the set of modeled equations to dimension-free form and then has solved by homotopy analysis method (HAM). It has revealed in this investigation that, fluid motion upsurge with growth in magnetic field effects and mixed convection parameter and decline with higher values of micropolar factor. Micro-rotational velocity of fluid is upsurge with higher values of micropolar factor. Thermal flow behavior is augmenting for expended values of magnetic effects, radiation factor, Eckert number and strength of heat source. The intensification in magnetic strength and mixed convection factors has declined the skin friction and has upsurge with higher values of micropolar parameter. The Nusselt number has increased with the intensification in magnetic effects, radiation factor and Eckert number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ahmad Lone
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, (Jeddah-M), Riyadh, 11673, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Ahmed Alyami
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Saeed
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), Science Laboratory Building, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha-Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Abdullah Dawar
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Poom Kumam
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), Science Laboratory Building, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha-Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Wiyada Kumam
- Applied Mathematics for Science and Engineering Research Unit (AMSERU), Program in Applied Statistics, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Pathum Thani, 12110, Thailand.
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Numerical simulation of 3D Darcy-Forchheimer fluid flow with the energy and mass transfer over an irregular permeable surface. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14629. [PMID: 36028555 PMCID: PMC9418175 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Jeffrey fluid model is capable of accurately characterizing the stress relaxation behavior of non-Newtonian fluids, which a normal viscous fluid model is unable to perform. The primary objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive investigation into the effects of MHD and thermal radiation on the 3D Jeffery fluid flow over a permeable irregular stretching surface. The consequences of the Darcy effect, variable thickness and chemical reaction are also considered. The phenomena have been modeled as a nonlinear system of PDEs. Using similarity substitution, the modeled equations are reduced to a dimensionless system of ODEs. The parametric continuation method (PCM) is used to determine the numerical solution to the obtained sets of nonlinear differential equations. The impact of physical parameters on temperature, velocity and mass profiles are presented through Figures and Tables. It has been noticed that the energy profile magnifies with the increment of porosity term, thermal radiation and heat source term, while diminishing with the flourishing upshot of power index and Deborah number. Furthermore, the porosity term and wall thickness parameter enhance the skin friction.
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Computational Study of MHD Darcy–Forchheimer Hybrid Nanofluid Flow under the Influence of Chemical Reaction and Activation Energy over a Stretching Surface. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14091759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy and mass transition through Newtonian hybrid nanofluid flow comprised of copper Cu and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles (nps) over an extended surface has been reported. The thermal and velocity slip conditions are also considered. Such a type of physical problems mostly occurs in symmetrical phenomena and are applicable in physics, engineering, applied mathematics, and computer science. For desired outputs, the fluid flow has been studied under the consequences of the Darcy effect, thermophoresis diffusion and Brownian motion, heat absorption, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation. An inclined magnetic field is applied to fluid flow to regulate the flow stream. Hybrid nanofluid is created by the dispensation of Cu and Al2O3 nps in the base fluid (water). For this purpose, the flow dynamics have been designed as a system of nonlinear PDEs, which are simplified to a system of dimensionless ODEs through resemblance substitution. The parametric continuation method is used to resolve the obtained set of dimensionless differential equations. It has been noticed that the consequences of heat absorption and thermal radiation boost the energy transmission rate; however, the effect of suction constraint and Darcy–Forchhemier significantly diminished the heat transference rate of hybrid nanofluids. Furthermore, the dispersion of Cu and Al2O3 nps in the base fluid remarkably magnifies the velocity and energy transmission rate.
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