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Calado MRC, Lage TC, André DAM, Calaza C, Marques C, Herrero C, Piteira J, Montelius L, Petrovykh DY, Diéguez L, Ainla A. Nanofluidic resistive pulse sensing for characterization of extracellular vesicles. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39051540 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00364k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the development, design and characterization of a resistive pulse sensing (RPS) system for the analysis of size distributions of extracellular vesicles (EVs). The system is based on microfluidic chips fabricated using soft-lithography and operated in pressure-driven mode. This fabrication approach provided reproducible pore dimensions and the best performing chip design enabled, without calibration, sizing of both 252 nm and 460 nm test particles within 8% of theoretically calculated values, based on the size specifications provided by suppliers. The number concentration measurement had higher variations and without calibration provided estimates within an order of magnitude, for sample concentrations across 4 orders of magnitude. The RPS chips could also measure successfully EVs and other biological nanoparticles in purified samples from cell culture media and human serum. A compact, fast and inexpensive RPS system based on this design could be an attractive alternative to current gold-standard techniques for routine characterization of EV samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa C Lage
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
| | - Daniel A M André
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Calaza
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Marques
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
| | - Carolina Herrero
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Nasasbiotech, S.L., A Coruña, Spain
| | - João Piteira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
| | - Lars Montelius
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
| | | | - Lorena Diéguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
| | - Alar Ainla
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal.
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Shahsavari M, Nieuwland R, van Leeuwen TG, van der Pol E. Poloxamer-188 as a wetting agent for microfluidic resistive pulse sensing measurements of extracellular vesicles. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295849. [PMID: 38696491 PMCID: PMC11065227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microfluidic resistive pulse sensing (MRPS) can determine the concentration and size distribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by measuring the electrical resistance of single EVs passing through a pore. To ensure that the sample flows through the pore, the sample needs to contain a wetting agent, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA leaves EVs intact but occasionally results in unstable MRPS measurements. Here, we aim to find a new wetting agent by evaluating Poloxamer-188 and Tween-20. METHODS An EV test sample was prepared using an outdated erythrocyte blood bank concentrate. The EV test sample was diluted in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) or DPBS containing 0.10% BSA (w/v), 0.050% Poloxamer-188 (v/v) or 1.00% Tween-20 (v/v). The effect of the wetting agents on the concentration and size distribution of EVs was determined by flow cytometry. To evaluate the precision of sample volume determination with MRPS, the interquartile range (IQR) of the particles transit time through the pore was examined. To validate that DPBS containing Poloxamer-188 yields reliable MRPS measurements, the repeatability of MRPS in measuring blood plasma samples was examined. RESULTS Flow cytometry results show that the size distribution of EVs in Tween 20, in contrast to Poloxamer-188, differs from the control measurements (DPBS and DPBS containing BSA). MRPS results show that Poloxamer-188 improves the precision of sample volume determination compared to BSA and Tween-20, because the IQR of the transit time of EVs in the test sample is 11 μs, which is lower than 56 μs for BSA and 16 μs for Tween-20. Furthermore, the IQR of the transit time of particles in blood samples with Poloxamer-188 are 14, 16, and 14 μs, which confirms the reliability of MRPS measurements. CONCLUSION The solution of 0.050% Poloxamer-188 in DPBS does not lyse EVs and results in repeatable and unimpeded MRPS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Shahsavari
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ton G. van Leeuwen
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Jodeyri Z, Taghipoor M. Multivariate analysis of nanoparticle translocation through a nanopore to improve the accuracy of resistive pulse sensing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:5097-5105. [PMID: 38259043 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05565e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The advent of nanopore-based sensors based on resistive pulse sensing gave rise to a remarkable breakthrough in the detection and characterization of nanoscale species. Some strong correlations have been reported between the resistive pulse characteristics and the particle's geometrical and physical properties. These correlations are commonly used to obtain information about the particles in commercial devices and research setups. The correlations, however, do not consider the simultaneous effect of influential factors such as particle shape and off-axis translocation, which complicates the extraction of accurate information from the resistive pulses. In this paper, we numerically studied the impact of the shape and position of particles on pulse characteristics in order to estimate the errors that arise from neglecting the influence of multiple factors on resistive pulses. We considered the sphere, oblate, and prolate particles to investigate the nanoparticle shape effect. Moreover, the trajectory dependency was examined by considering the translocation of nanoparticles away from the nanopore axis. Meanwhile, the shape effect was studied for different trajectories. We observed that the simultaneous effects of influential parameters could lead to significant errors in estimating particle properties if the coupled effects are neglected. Based on the results, we introduce the "pulse waveshape" as a novel characteristic of the resistive pulse that can be utilized as a decoupling parameter in the analysis of resistive pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Jodeyri
- Micro Nano Systems Laboratory (MNSL), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Taghipoor
- Micro Nano Systems Laboratory (MNSL), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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Xu R, Ouyang L, Shaik R, Chen H, Zhang G, Zhe J. Rapid Detection of Microparticles Using a Microfluidic Resistive Pulse Sensor Based on Bipolar Pulse-Width Multiplexing. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:721. [PMID: 37504119 PMCID: PMC10377334 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate analysis of micro/nano bio-objects (e.g., cells, biomolecules) is crucial in clinical diagnostics and drug discovery. While a traditional resistive pulse sensor can provide multiple kinds of information (size, count, surface charge, etc.) about analytes, it has low throughput. We present a unique bipolar pulse-width, multiplexing-based resistive pulse sensor for high-throughput analysis of microparticles. Signal multiplexing is enabled by exposing the central electrode at different locations inside the parallel sensing channels. Together with two common electrodes, the central electrode encodes the electrical signal from each sensing channel, generating specific bipolar template waveforms with different pulse widths. Only one DC source is needed as input, and only one combined electrical output is collected. The combined signal can be demodulated using correlation analysis and a unique iterative cancellation scheme. The accuracy of particle counting and sizing was validated using mixtures of various sized microparticles. Results showed errors of 2.6% and 6.1% in sizing and counting, respectively. We further demonstrated its accuracy for cell analysis using HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Leixin Ouyang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Rubia Shaik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Heyi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Jiang Zhe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
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5
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Vaidyanathan S, Wijerathne H, Gamage SST, Shiri F, Zhao Z, Choi J, Park S, Witek MA, McKinney C, Verber M, Hall AR, Childers K, McNickle T, Mog S, Yeh E, Godwin AK, Soper SA. High Sensitivity Extended Nano-Coulter Counter for Detection of Viral Particles and Extracellular Vesicles. Anal Chem 2023; 95:9892-9900. [PMID: 37336762 PMCID: PMC11015478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
We present a chip-based extended nano-Coulter counter (XnCC) that can detect nanoparticles affinity-selected from biological samples with low concentration limit-of-detection that surpasses existing resistive pulse sensors by 2-3 orders of magnitude. The XnCC was engineered to contain 5 in-plane pores each with an effective diameter of 350 nm placed in parallel and can provide high detection efficiency for single particles translocating both hydrodynamically and electrokinetically through these pores. The XnCC was fabricated in cyclic olefin polymer (COP) via nanoinjection molding to allow for high-scale production. The concentration limit-of-detection of the XnCC was 5.5 × 103 particles/mL, which was a 1,100-fold improvement compared to a single in-plane pore device. The application examples of the XnCC included counting affinity selected SARS-CoV-2 viral particles from saliva samples using an aptamer and pillared microchip; the selection/XnCC assay could distinguish the COVID-19(+) saliva samples from those that were COVID-19(-). In the second example, ovarian cancer extracellular vesicles (EVs) were affinity selected using a pillared chip modified with a MUC16 monoclonal antibody. The affinity selection chip coupled with the XnCC was successful in discriminating between patients with high grade serous ovarian cancer and healthy donors using blood plasma as the input sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnagowri Vaidyanathan
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Harshani Wijerathne
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Sachindra S T Gamage
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Farhad Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Junseo Choi
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Sunggook Park
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Małgorzata A Witek
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Collin McKinney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Matthew Verber
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Adam R Hall
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Katie Childers
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Taryn McNickle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Shalee Mog
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Elaine Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- KU Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Steven A Soper
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- KU Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
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6
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Li L, Hong F, Pan S, Ren L, Xiao R, Liu P, Li N, Wang J, Chen Y. "Lollipop" particle counting immunoassay based on antigen-powered CRISPR-Cas12a dual signal amplification for the sensitive detection of deoxynivalenol in the environment and food samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131573. [PMID: 37182461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol is one of the most widely distributed mycotoxins in cereals and poses tremendous threats to the agricultural environment and public health. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop sensitive and interference-resistant deoxynivalenol analysis methods. Here, we establish a "Lollipop" particle counting immunoassay (LPCI) based on antigen-powered CRISPR-Cas12a dual signal amplification. LPCI achieves high sensitivity and accuracy through antigen-powered CRISPR-Cas dual signal amplification combined with particle counting immunoassay. This strategy not only broadens the applicability of the CRISPR-Cas system in the field of non-nucleic acid target detection; it also improves the sensitivity of particle counting immunoassay. The introduction of a polystyrene "lollipop" immunoassay carrier further enables efficiently simultaneous pre-treatment of multiple samples and overcomes complex matrix interference in real samples. The linear detection range of LPCI for deoxynivalenol was 0.1-500 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.061 ng/mL. The platform greatly broadens the scope of the CRISPR-Cas sensor for the detection of non-nucleic acid hazards in the environment and food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070 Hubei, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070 Hubei, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070 Hubei, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 Guangdong, China
| | - Liangqiong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070 Hubei, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070 Hubei, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 Guangdong, China
| | - Puyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070 Hubei, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Li
- Daye Public Inspection and Test Center, Daye 435100 Hubei, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070 Hubei, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 Guangdong, China; Daye Public Inspection and Test Center, Daye 435100 Hubei, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, China.
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7
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Recent advances in non-optical microfluidic platforms for bioparticle detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114944. [PMID: 36470061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The effective analysis of the basic structure and functional information of bioparticles are of great significance for the early diagnosis of diseases. The synergism between microfluidics and particle manipulation/detection technologies offers enhanced system integration capability and test accuracy for the detection of various bioparticles. Most microfluidic detection platforms are based on optical strategies such as fluorescence, absorbance, and image recognition. Although optical microfluidic platforms have proven their capabilities in the practical clinical detection of bioparticles, shortcomings such as expensive components and whole bulky devices have limited their practicality in the development of point-of-care testing (POCT) systems to be used in remote and underdeveloped areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop cost-effective non-optical microfluidic platforms for bioparticle detection that can act as alternatives to optical counterparts. In this review, we first briefly summarise passive and active methods for bioparticle manipulation in microfluidics. Then, we survey the latest progress in non-optical microfluidic strategies based on electrical, magnetic, and acoustic techniques for bioparticle detection. Finally, a perspective is offered, clarifying challenges faced by current non-optical platforms in developing practical POCT devices and clinical applications.
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8
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Qiu L, Liu X, Zhu L, Luo L, Sun N, Pei R. Current Advances in Technologies for Single Extracellular Vesicle Analysis and Its Clinical Applications in Cancer Diagnosis. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:129. [PMID: 36671964 PMCID: PMC9856491 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been regarded as one of the most potential diagnostic biomarkers for different cancers, due to their unique physiological and pathological functions. However, it is still challenging to precisely analyze the contents and sources of EVs, due to their heterogeneity. Herein, we summarize the advances in technologies for a single EV analysis, which may provide new strategies to study the heterogeneity of EVs, as well as their cargo, more specifically. Furthermore, the applications of a single EV analysis on cancer early diagnosis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xingzhu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Libo Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liqiang Luo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Na Sun
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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9
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Hlaváček A, Křivánková J, Brožková H, Weisová J, Pizúrová N, Foret F. Absolute Counting Method with Multiplexing Capability for Estimating the Number Concentration of Nanoparticles Using Anisotropically Collapsed Gels. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14340-14348. [PMID: 36194835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Number concentration─the number of nanoparticles in a given volume─is an important characteristic of any nanoparticle dispersion. However, its estimation for small nanoparticles (∼30 nm) is generally challenging. We introduce an absolute and widely applicable method for analyzing aqueous dispersions of nanoparticles. An innovative immobilization of nanomaterials in the anisotropically collapsed agarose gel is pioneered, followed by optical microscopy and nanoparticle counting. The number of counted nanoparticles is inherently coupled with sampled volume (517 pL) and translates to the number concentration. Photon-upconversion, fluorescence, bright-field, and dark-field microscopy techniques have been proven applicable and used for imaging lanthanide-doped photon-upconversion nanoparticles, their bioconjugates with antibodies, silica dye-doped fluorescent nanoparticles, quantum dots, and pure silica submicron particles. The precision and linearity were characterized by constructing a dilution series of photon-upconversion nanoparticles. The limit of detection was 2.0 × 106 mL-1, and the working range was from 4.4 × 107 to 2.2 × 1010 mL-1. The quantification of nanoparticle clusters was achieved by a thorough analysis of the micrographs. The accuracy was confirmed using gravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy as a reference. Multiplexed detection of two nanoparticle types in a mixed dispersion was feasibly demonstrated. The low thickness of the collapsed gel (<1 μm) supported extremely sensitive imaging. This was proven by imaging Tm3+-doped photon-upconversion nanoparticles (17 nm hydrodynamic diameter) with a nanoparticle emission rate of only ∼900 photons/s at a wavelength of 800 nm (excitation wavelength 976 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Křivánková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Brožková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julie Weisová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Naděžda Pizúrová
- Institute of Physics of Materials of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 616 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
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Carey T, Li B, Sohn LL. Node-Pore Sensing for Characterizing Cells and Extracellular Vesicles. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2394:171-183. [PMID: 35094328 PMCID: PMC10836821 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1811-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Node-Pore Sensing, NPS, is an extremely versatile and powerful technique for the analysis of cells and the detection of extracellular vesicles (EVs). NPS involves measuring the modulated current pulse caused by a cell transiting a microfluidic channel that has been segmented by a series of inserted nodes. As the current pulse reflects the number of nodes and segments of the channel, NPS can achieve exquisite sensitivity. Thus, when used as a Coulter counter, NPS can measure the sub-micron size increase of antibody-coated colloids to which EVs are specifically bound. By simply inserting between two nodes a "contraction" channel through which cells can squeeze, one can mechanically phenotype cells. We discuss the details of performing these two NPS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Carey
- The UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brian Li
- The UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lydia L Sohn
- The UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Resistive pulse sensors have been used to characterise everything from whole cells to small molecules. Their integration into microfluidic devices has simplified sample handling whilst increasing throughput. Typically, these devices measure a limited size range, making them prone to blockages in complex sample matrixes. To prolong their life and facilitate their use, samples are often filtered or prepared to match the sample with the sensor diameter. Here, we advance our tuneable flow resistive pulse sensor which utilises additively manufactured parts. The sensor allows parts to be easily changed, washed and cleaned, its simplicity and versatility allow components from existing nanopore fabrication techniques such as glass pipettes to be integrated into a single device. This creates a multi-nanopore sensor that can simultaneously measure particles from 0.1 to 30 μm in diameter. The orientation and controlled fluid flow in the device allow the sensors to be placed in series, whereby smaller particles can be measured in the presence of larger ones without the risk of being blocked. We illustrate the concept of a multi-pore flow resistive pulse sensor, by combining an additively manufactured tuneable sensor, termed sensor 1, with a fixed nanopore sensor, termed sensor 2. Sensor 1 measures particles as small as 10 μm in diameter, whilst sensor 2 can be used to characterise particles as small as 100 nm, depending upon its dimensions. We illustrate the dual pore sensor by measuring 1 and 10 μm particles simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Pollard
- School of Science, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Rushabh Maugi
- School of Science, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Mark Platt
- School of Science, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, LE11 3TU, UK.
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12
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McPherson IJ, Brown P, Meloni GN, Unwin PR. Visualization of Ion Fluxes in Nanopipettes: Detection and Analysis of Electro-osmosis of the Second Kind. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16302-16307. [PMID: 34846865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanopipettes are finding increasing use as nano "test tubes", with reactions triggered through application of an electrochemical potential between electrodes in the nanopipette and a bathing solution (bath). Key to this application is an understanding of how the applied potential induces mixing of the reagents from the nanopipette and the bath. Here, we demonstrate a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) approach to tracking the ingress of dye into a nanopipette (20-50 nm diameter end opening). We examine the case of dianionic fluorescein under alkaline conditions (pH 11) and large applied tip potentials (±10 V), with respect to the bath, and surprisingly find that dye ingress from the bath into the nanopipette is not observed under either sign of potential. Finite element method (FEM) simulations indicate this is due to the dominance of electro-osmosis in mass transport, with electro-osmotic flow in the conventional direction at +10 V and electro-osmosis of the second kind acting in the same direction at -10 V, caused by the formation of significant space charge in the center of the orifice. The results highlight the significant deviation in mass transport behavior that emerges at the nanoscale and the utility of the combined LSCM and FEM approach in deepening understanding, which in turn should promote new applications of nanopipettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel N Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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13
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Onishchenko N, Tretiakova D, Vodovozova E. Spotlight on the protein corona of liposomes. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:57-78. [PMID: 34364016 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although an established drug delivery platform, liposomes have not fulfilled their true potential. In the body, interactions of liposomes are mediated by the layer of plasma proteins adsorbed on the surface, the protein corona. The review aims to collect the data of the last decade on liposome protein corona, tracing the path from interactions of individual proteins to the effects mediated by the protein corona in vivo. It offers a classification of the approaches to exploitation of the protein corona-rather than elimination thereof-based on the bilayer composition-corona composition-molecular interactions-biological performance framework. The multitude of factors that affect each level of this relationship urge to the widest implementation of bioinformatics tools to predict the most effective liposome compositions relying on the data on protein corona. Supplementing the picture with new pieces of accurately reported experimental data will contribute to the accuracy and efficiency of the predictions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The review focuses on liposomes as an established nanomedicine platform and analyzes the available data on how the protein corona formed on liposome surface in biological fluids affects performance of the liposomes. The review offers a rigorous account of existing literature and critical analysis of methodology currently applied to the assessment of liposome-plasma protein interactions. It introduces a classification of the approaches to exploitation of the protein corona and tailoring liposome carriers to advance the field of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for the benefit of patients.
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14
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Zhang D, Zhang X. Bioinspired Solid-State Nanochannel Sensors: From Ionic Current Signals, Current, and Fluorescence Dual Signals to Faraday Current Signals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100495. [PMID: 34117705 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inspired from bioprotein channels of living organisms, constructing "abiotic" analogues, solid-state nanochannels, to achieve "smart" sensing towards various targets, is highly seductive. When encountered with certain stimuli, dynamic switch of terminal modified probes in terms of surface charge, conformation, fluorescence property, electric potential as well as wettability can be monitored via transmembrane ionic current, fluorescence intensity, faraday current signals of nanochannels and so on. Herein, the modification methodologies of nanochannels and targets-detecting application are summarized in ions, small molecules, as well as biomolecules, and systematically reviewed are the nanochannel-based detection means including 1) by transmembrane current signals; 2) by the coordination of current- and fluorescence-dual signals; 3) by faraday current signals from nanochannel-based electrode. The coordination of current and fluorescence dual signals offers great benefits for synchronous temporal and spatial monitoring. Faraday signals enable the nanoelectrode to monitor both redox and non-redox components. Notably, by incorporation with confined effect of tip region of a needle-like nanopipette, glorious in-vivo monitoring is conferred on the nanopipette detector at high temporal-spatial resolution. In addition, some outlooks for future application in reliable practical samples analysis and leading research endeavors in the related fantastic fields are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Cancer Centre and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, 999078, China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Cancer Centre and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, 999078, China
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15
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Hussein EA, White RJ. Silver Nanoneedle Probes Enable Sustained DC Current, Single-Channel Resistive Pulse Nanopore Sensing. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11568-11575. [PMID: 34378930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Resistive pulse sensing using ion channel proteins (biological nanopores) has been evolving as a single-molecule approach to detect small biomolecules owing to atomically precise pore size reproducibility, high signal-to-noise ratio, and molecular selectivity. The incorporation of biological nanopores in sensing platforms requires a stable lipid membrane that can be formed by a variety of methods such as the painting method and droplet-based techniques. However, these methods are limited by the fragility of the unsupported bilayer or the need for specific microdevices. Electrode-supported bilayers, in which a metal electrode is used as a support structure, have been recently developed using a fine gold nanoneedle. We previously described the utility of the gold nanoneedle-supported ion channel probe to detect small molecules with high spatial resolution; however, it exhibited a channel current decay over time, which affected the binding frequency of the target molecule to the protein pore as well. Here, we introduce a silver nanoneedle probe to support the lipid bilayer formation and ion channel measurements. The silver nanoneedle mitigates the current decay observed on gold electrodes and produces stable DC channel currents. Our findings propose the formation of a AgCl layer creating a nonpolarizable electrode. The new nanoneedle is successfully applied for single-molecule detection of sulfonated β-cyclodextrin (S7βCD) using αHL as a test bed protein. We believe that this new silver nanoneedle platform has great potential given the relative ease of lipid bilayer formation and stable open channel currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essraa A Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Ryan J White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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16
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Zhao Z, Wijerathne H, Godwin AK, Soper SA. Isolation and analysis methods of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES AND CIRCULATING NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 2:80-103. [PMID: 34414401 PMCID: PMC8372011 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2021.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as an evolving biomarker within the liquid biopsy family. While carrying both host cell proteins and different types of RNAs, EVs are also present in sufficient quantities in biological samples to be tested using many molecular analysis platforms to interrogate their content. However, because EVs in biological samples are comprised of both disease and non-disease related EVs, enrichment is often required to remove potential interferences from the downstream molecular assay. Most benchtop isolation/enrichment methods require > milliliter levels of sample and can cause varying degrees of damage to the EVs. In addition, some of the common EV benchtop isolation methods do not sort the diseased from the non-diseased related EVs. Simultaneously, the detection of the overall concentration and size distribution of the EVs is highly dependent on techniques such as electron microscopy and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, which can include unexpected variations and biases as well as complexity in the analysis. This review discusses the importance of EVs as a biomarker secured from a liquid biopsy and covers some of the traditional and non-traditional, including microfluidics and resistive pulse sensing, technologies for EV isolation and detection, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Harshani Wijerathne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- KU Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Steven A Soper
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,KU Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
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17
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Yokota K, Takeo A, Abe H, Kurokawa Y, Hashimoto M, Kajimoto K, Tanaka M, Murayama S, Nakajima Y, Taniguchi M, Kataoka M. Application of Micropore Device for Accurate, Easy, and Rapid Discrimination of Saccharomyces pastorianus from Dekkera spp. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11080272. [PMID: 34436074 PMCID: PMC8393547 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Traceability analysis, such as identification and discrimination of yeasts used for fermentation, is important for ensuring manufacturing efficiency and product safety during brewing. However, conventional methods based on morphological and physiological properties have disadvantages such as time consumption and low sensitivity. In this study, the resistive pulse method (RPM) was employed to discriminate between Saccharomyces pastorianus and Dekkera anomala and S. pastorianus and D. bruxellensis by measuring the ionic current response of cells flowing through a microsized pore. The height and shape of the pulse signal were used for the simultaneous measurement of the size, shape, and surface charge of individual cells. Accurate discrimination of S. pastorianus from Dekkera spp. was observed with a recall rate of 96.3 ± 0.8%. Furthermore, budding S. pastorianus was quantitatively detected by evaluating the shape of the waveform of the current ionic blockade. We showed a proof-of-concept demonstration of RPM for the detection of contamination of Dekkera spp. in S. pastorianus and for monitoring the fermentation of S. pastorianus through the quantitative detection of budding cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumichi Yokota
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (H.A.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Asae Takeo
- Institute for Future Beverages, Research & Development Division, Kirin Holdings Company, Limited. 1-17-1, Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8628, Japan; (A.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hiroko Abe
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (H.A.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yuji Kurokawa
- Institute for Future Beverages, Research & Development Division, Kirin Holdings Company, Limited. 1-17-1, Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8628, Japan; (A.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Muneaki Hashimoto
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (H.A.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Kazuaki Kajimoto
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (H.A.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (H.A.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Sanae Murayama
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (S.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Yoshihiro Nakajima
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (H.A.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (S.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Masatoshi Kataoka
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (H.A.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-87-869-3576
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18
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Höller C, Schnoering G, Eghlidi H, Suomalainen M, Greber UF, Poulikakos D. On-chip transporting arresting and characterizing individual nano-objects in biological ionic liquids. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabd8758. [PMID: 34215575 PMCID: PMC11057703 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd8758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling the individual behavior of nanoscopic matter in liquids, the environment in which many such entities are functioning, is both inherently challenging and important to many natural and man-made applications. Here, we transport individual nano-objects, from an assembly in a biological ionic solution, through a nanochannel network and confine them in electrokinetic nanovalves, created by the collaborative effect of an applied ac electric field and a rationally engineered nanotopography, locally amplifying this field. The motion of so-confined fluorescent nano-objects is tracked, and its kinetics provides important information, enabling the determination of their particle diffusion coefficient, hydrodynamic radius, and electrical conductivity, which are elucidated for artificial polystyrene nanospheres and subsequently for sub-100-nm conjugated polymer nanoparticles and adenoviruses. The on-chip, individual nano-object resolution method presented here is a powerful approach to aid research and development in broad application areas such as medicine, chemistry, and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Höller
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Schnoering
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hadi Eghlidi
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maarit Suomalainen
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F Greber
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, Switzerland.
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19
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Zhan Z, Cao L, Li M, Song Y. Particle counting based on high-order Fano resonance in an optofluidic microcavity. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:4856-4860. [PMID: 34143046 DOI: 10.1364/ao.423321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate particle counting based on high-order Fano resonance (FR) in an optofluidic microcavity. The high-order FR excited by a thin fiber taper can penetrate the liquid core of a microcapillary. An optical pulse is generated due to the resonant spectrum shift when a particle crosses the microcavity. Analogous to other methods, such a pulse can be used for particle counting. The sampled particles of PS microspheres and super-absorbent polymer broken beads are used for particle-counting experiments. All results confirm the feasibility of such a counting method.
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20
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Wang Z, Liu J, Yang Y, Li P, Li K, Xianyu Y, Chen Y, Li B. Versatile Biosensing Toolkit Using an Electronic Particle Counter. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6178-6187. [PMID: 33829768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Development of a versatile biosensing toolkit is in urgent need for rapid and multiplexed detection applications. In this work, an electronic particle counter-implemented versatile biosensing toolkit has been developed for detecting a range of targets with high sensitivity, broad detection range, multiplexibility, simple operation, and low cost. The electrical resistance-based particle counter conventionally measuring the number of microspheres (1-100 μm) can quantify analytes. The versatility of this approach is verified by assaying small molecules, protein biomarkers, pathogen bacteria, and tumor cells using three strategies: (1) antigen-antibody interaction, (2) DNA hybridization, and (3) polypeptide recognition. More importantly, this biosensing toolkit allows the simultaneous detection of multiple targets with a broad detection range from pg mL-1 to μg mL-1, showing great potential as a powerful technique for food safety testing and biomedical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yanlian Yang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Li
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yunlei Xianyu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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21
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Yokota K, Hashimoto M, Kajimoto K, Tanaka M, Murayama S, Tsutsui M, Nakajima Y, Taniguchi M, Kataoka M. Effect of Electrolyte Concentration on Cell Sensing by Measuring Ionic Current Waveform through Micropores. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11030078. [PMID: 33809382 PMCID: PMC7998150 DOI: 10.3390/bios11030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Immunostaining has been widely used in cancer prognosis for the quantitative detection of cancer cells present in the bloodstream. However, conventional detection methods based on the target membrane protein expression exhibit the risk of missing cancer cells owing to variable protein expressions. In this study, the resistive pulse method (RPM) was employed to discriminate between cultured cancer cells (NCI-H1650) and T lymphoblastoid leukemia cells (CCRF-CEM) by measuring the ionic current response of cells flowing through a micro-space. The height and shape of a pulse signal were used for the simultaneous measurement of size, deformability, and surface charge of individual cells. An accurate discrimination of cancer cells could not be obtained using 1.0 × phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as an electrolyte solution to compare the size measurements by a microscopic observation. However, an accurate discrimination of cancer cells with a discrimination error rate of 4.5 ± 0.5% was achieved using 0.5 × PBS containing 2.77% glucose as the electrolyte solution. The potential application of RPM for the accurate discrimination of cancer cells from leukocytes was demonstrated through the measurement of the individual cell size, deformability, and surface charge in a solution with a low electrolyte concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumichi Yokota
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Muneaki Hashimoto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Kazuaki Kajimoto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Masato Tanaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Sanae Murayama
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (S.M.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (S.M.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Yoshihiro Nakajima
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (S.M.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Masatoshi Kataoka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-87-869-3576
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22
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Song Y, Han X, Li D, Liu Q, Li D. Simultaneous and continuous particle separation and counting via localized DC-dielectrophoresis in a microfluidic chip. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3827-3833. [PMID: 35424334 PMCID: PMC8694361 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10296b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel microfluidic method of counting the number of particles while they are separated by a localized DC-dielectrophoresis force was presented. Liquid flow from a wide microchannel forces the to-be-detected particles to pass over a small orifice on a side wall of the sample input channel. A direct current (DC) voltage applied across the small orifice and a strong electric field gradient is generated at the corners of the orifice for dielectrophoretic particle separation. Particle counting is achieved by detecting the electric current change caused by the being-separated particle near the sensing orifice. In this way, particles can be separate and in situ counted at the same time. Numerical simulations show that particle separation is achieved at the edge of the sensing orifice where the strength of the electric field gradient is the largest. Separation and counting of polystyrene particles of two and three different sizes with 1 μm resolution were demonstrated experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Song
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China
| | - Xiaoshi Han
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China
| | - Deyu Li
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China
| | - Qinxin Liu
- The 601st Institute the 6th Academy, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Limited Hohhot 010076 China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada
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23
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Abstract
Nanopores hold great potential for the analysis of complex biological molecules at the single-entity level. One particularly interesting macromolecular machine is the ribosome, responsible for translating mRNAs into proteins. In this study, we use a solid-state nanopore to fingerprint 80S ribosomes and polysomes from a human neuronal cell line andDrosophila melanogaster cultured cells and ovaries. Specifically, we show that the peak amplitude and dwell time characteristics of 80S ribosomes are distinct from polysomes and can be used to discriminate ribosomes from polysomes in mixed samples. Moreover, we are able to distinguish large polysomes, containing more than seven ribosomes, from those containing two to three ribosomes, and demonstrate a correlation between polysome size and peak amplitude. This study highlights the application of solid-state nanopores as a rapid analytical tool for the detection and characterization of ribosomal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhil Raveendran
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Anna Rose Leach
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Tayah Hopes
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- LeedsOmics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Julie L. Aspden
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- LeedsOmics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Paolo Actis
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- LeedsOmics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- Bragg Centre for Materials Research, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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24
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Bakouei M, Abdorahimzadeh S, Taghipoor M. Effects of cone angle and length of nanopores on the resistive pulse quality. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:25306-25314. [PMID: 33140790 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04728g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Resistive pulse sensing (RPS) has proved to be a viable method for the detection and characterization of micro and nano particles. Modern fabrication methods have introduced different nanopore geometries for resistive pulse sensors. In this paper, we have numerically studied the effects of membrane thickness and the pore's cone angle, as the main geometrical parameters, on the sensing performance of the nanopores used for nanoparticle detection in the resistive pulse sensing method. To compare the sensing performance, three resistive pulse quality parameters were investigated - sensitivity, pulse duration and pulse amplitude. The thorough investigation on the relations between the geometrical parameters and the pulse quality parameters produced several interesting results, which were categorized and summarized for different nanopore structures (as different nanopore platforms) enabling the readers to more effectively compare them with one another. The results revealed that large cone angle and low aspect ratio nanopores have higher pulse amplitude and sensitivity, but their low duration could be a challenge in the process of detecting the resistive pulse. In addition, our results show small variation in sensitivity and duration of large cone angle nanopores with respect to pore length change, which is explained using the effective length concept and the definition of electric field strength and length. The findings of the present work can be used in practical applications where choosing the optimal pore geometry is of crucial significance. Furthermore, the results provide several possible ways to improve the resistive pulse quality for better sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Bakouei
- Micro Nano System Laboratory (MNSL), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Nelson BC, Maragh S, Ghiran IC, Jones JC, DeRose PC, Elsheikh E, Vreeland WN, Wang L. Measurement and standardization challenges for extracellular vesicle therapeutic delivery vectors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2149-2170. [PMID: 32885720 PMCID: PMC7546159 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are nonreplicating lipid bilayer particles shed by most cell types which have the potential to revolutionize the development and efficient delivery of clinical therapeutics. This article provides an introduction to the landscape of EV-based vectors under development for the delivery of protein- and nucleic acid-based therapeutics. We highlight some of the most pressing measurement and standardization challenges that limit the translation of EVs to the clinic. Current challenges limiting development of EVs for drug delivery are the lack of: standardized cell-based platforms for the production of EV-based therapeutics; EV reference materials that allow researchers/manufacturers to validate EV measurements and standardized measurement systems for determining the molecular composition of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant C Nelson
- National Institute of Standards & Technology, Material Measurement Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Samantha Maragh
- National Institute of Standards & Technology, Material Measurement Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Ionita C Ghiran
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul C DeRose
- National Institute of Standards & Technology, Material Measurement Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Elzafir Elsheikh
- National Institute of Standards & Technology, Material Measurement Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Wyatt N Vreeland
- National Institute of Standards & Technology, Material Measurement Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Lili Wang
- National Institute of Standards & Technology, Material Measurement Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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26
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Song Y, Zhou T, Liu Q, Liu Z, Li D. Nanoparticle and microorganism detection with a side-micron-orifice-based resistive pulse sensor. Analyst 2020; 145:5466-5474. [PMID: 32578584 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00679c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the detection of nanoparticles and microorganisms using a recently developed side-orifice-based resistive pulse sensor (SO-RPS). By decreasing the channel height of the detection section of the SO-RPS, the detection sensitivity was increased and an average signal to noise ratio (S/N) of about 3 was achieved for 100 nm polystyrene particles. It was also found that spherical particles generate symmetrical signals. Algae with irregular shapes generate signals with more complex patterns. A scatter plot of signal magnitude versus signal width was proven to be reliable for differentiating bacteria from the nanoparticles and two types of algae. The side orifice for detecting heterogeneous nanoparticles and microorganisms is advantageous to avoid orifice clogging and the large flow resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Song
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
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27
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Passive Dielectrophoretic Focusing of Particles and Cells in Ratchet Microchannels. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11050451. [PMID: 32344887 PMCID: PMC7281238 DOI: 10.3390/mi11050451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Focusing particles into a tight stream is critical for many microfluidic particle-handling devices such as flow cytometers and particle sorters. This work presents a fundamental study of the passive focusing of polystyrene particles in ratchet microchannels via direct current dielectrophoresis (DC DEP). We demonstrate using both experiments and simulation that particles achieve better focusing in a symmetric ratchet microchannel than in an asymmetric one, regardless of the particle movement direction in the latter. The particle focusing ratio, which is defined as the microchannel width over the particle stream width, is found to increase with an increase in particle size or electric field in the symmetric ratchet microchannel. Moreover, it exhibits an almost linear correlation with the number of ratchets, which can be explained by a theoretical formula that is obtained from a scaling analysis. In addition, we have demonstrated a DC dielectrophoretic focusing of yeast cells in the symmetric ratchet microchannel with minimal impact on the cell viability.
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28
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Kalinec GM, Gao L, Cohn W, Whitelegge JP, Faull KF, Kalinec F. Extracellular Vesicles From Auditory Cells as Nanocarriers for Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Pro-resolving Mediators. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:530. [PMID: 31849615 PMCID: PMC6895008 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug- and noise-related hearing loss are both associated with inflammatory responses in the inner ear. We propose that intracochlear delivery of a combination of pro-resolving mediators, specialized proteins and lipids that accelerate the return to homeostasis by modifying the immune response rather than by inhibiting inflammation, might have a profound effect on the prevention of sensorineural hearing loss. However, intracochlear delivery of such agents requires a reliable and effective method to convey them, fully active, directly to the target cells. The present study provides evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from auditory HEI-OC1 cells may incorporate significant quantities of anti-inflammatory drugs, pro-resolving mediators and their polyunsaturated fatty acid precursors as cargo, and potentially could work as carriers for their intracochlear delivery. EVs generated by HEI-OC1 cells were divided by size into two fractions, small (≤150 nm diameter) and large (>150 nm diameter), and loaded with aspirin, lipoxin A4, resolvin D1, and the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexanoic, and linoleic. Bottom-up proteomics revealed a differential distribution of selected proteins between small and large vesicles. Only 17.4% of these proteins were present in both fractions, whereas 61.5% were unique to smaller vesicles and only 3.7% were exclusively found in the larger ones. Importantly, the pro-resolving protein mediators Annexin A1 and Galectins 1 and 3 were only detected in small vesicles. Lipidomic studies, on the other hand, showed that small vesicles contained higher levels of eicosanoids than large ones and, although all of them incorporated the drugs and molecules investigated, small vesicles were more efficiently loaded with PUFA and the large ones with aspirin, LXA4 and resolvin D1. Importantly, our data indicate that the vesicles contain all necessary enzymatic components for the de novo generation of eicosanoids from fatty acid precursors, including pro-inflammatory agents, suggesting that their cargo should be carefully tailored to avoid interference with their therapeutic purpose. Altogether, these results support the idea that both small and large EVs from auditory HEI-OC1 cells could be used as nanocarriers for anti-inflammatory drugs and pro-resolving mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda M Kalinec
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lucy Gao
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Whitaker Cohn
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kym F Faull
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Federico Kalinec
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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29
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Choi G, Murphy E, Guan W. Microfluidic Time-Division Multiplexing Accessing Resistive Pulse Sensor for Particle Analysis. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1957-1963. [PMID: 31264411 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to its simplicity and robustness, pore-based resistive pulse sensors have been widely used to detect, measure, and analyze particles at length scales ranging from nanometers to micrometers. While multiple pore-based resistive pulse sensors are preferred to increase the analysis throughput and to overcome the clogging issues, the scalability is often limited. In response, by combining the time-division multiple access technique in the telecommunication field with the microfluidics, we reported a microfluidic time-division multiplexing accessing (TDMA) single-end resistive pulse sensor, in which particles can be analyzed through a scalable number of microfluidic channels. With an eight-channel microfluidic device and polystyrene particles as proof-of-principle, we successfully demonstrated this multiplexed technology is effective in measuring the particle size and concentration, in analyzing the particle arriving dynamics, and in discriminating mixed populations. Importantly, the availability of multiple sensing pores provides a robust mechanism to overcome the clogging issue, allowing the analysis to continue even when some of the pores are clogged. We anticipate this TDMA approach could find wide applications and facilitate future development of multiplexed resistive pulse sensing from the microscale to nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihoon Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Erica Murphy
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Weihua Guan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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30
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Rabanel JM, Adibnia V, Tehrani SF, Sanche S, Hildgen P, Banquy X, Ramassamy C. Nanoparticle heterogeneity: an emerging structural parameter influencing particle fate in biological media? NANOSCALE 2019; 11:383-406. [PMID: 30560970 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04916e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Drug nanocarriers' surface chemistry is often presumed to be uniform. For instance, the polymer surface coverage and distribution of ligands on nanoparticles are described with averaged values obtained from quantification techniques based on particle populations. However, these averaged values may conceal heterogeneities at different levels, either because of the presence of particle sub-populations or because of surface inhomogeneities, such as patchy surfaces on individual particles. The characterization and quantification of chemical surface heterogeneities are tedious tasks, which are rather limited by the currently available instruments and research protocols. However, heterogeneities may contribute to some non-linear effects observed during the nanoformulation optimization process, cause problems related to nanocarrier production scale-up and correlate with unexpected biological outcomes. On the other hand, heterogeneities, while usually unintended and detrimental to nanocarrier performance, may, in some cases, be sought as adjustable properties that provide NPs with unique functionality. In this review, results and processes related to this issue are compiled, and perspectives and possible analytical developments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Rabanel
- Centre INRS Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Vahid Adibnia
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Soudeh F Tehrani
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Steven Sanche
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Patrice Hildgen
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- Centre INRS Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
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31
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Vaclavek T, Prikryl J, Foret F. Resistive pulse sensing as particle counting and sizing method in microfluidic systems: Designs and applications review. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:445-457. [PMID: 30444312 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Resistive pulse sensing is a well-known and established method for counting and sizing particles in ionic solutions. Throughout its development the technique has been expanded from detection of biological cells to counting nanoparticles and viruses, and even registering individual molecules, e.g., nucleotides in nucleic acids. This technique combined with microfluidic or nanofluidic systems shows great potential for various bioanalytical applications, which were hardly possible before microfabrication gained the present broad adoption. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of microfluidic designs along with electrode arrangements with emphasis on applications focusing on bioanalysis and analysis of single cells that were reported within the past five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vaclavek
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prikryl
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Foret
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
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32
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Grabarek AD, Weinbuch D, Jiskoot W, Hawe A. Critical Evaluation of Microfluidic Resistive Pulse Sensing for Quantification and Sizing of Nanometer- and Micrometer-Sized Particles in Biopharmaceutical Products. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:563-573. [PMID: 30176253 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate performance, strengths, and limitations of the microfluidic resistive pulse sensing (MRPS) technique for the characterization of particles in the size range from about 50 to 2000 nm. MRPS, resonant mass measurement (RMM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and dynamic light scattering were compared for the analysis of nanometer-sized polystyrene (PS) beads, liposomes, bacteria, and protein aggregates. An electrical conductivity of at least 3 mS/cm (equivalent to 25 mM NaCl) was determined as a key requirement for reliable analysis with MRPS. Particle size distributions of PS beads determined by MRPS, NTA, and RMM correlated well. However, counting precision varied significantly among the techniques and was best for RMM followed by MRPS and NTA. As determined by measuring single and mixed PS bead populations, MRPS showed the highest peak resolution for sizing. RMM and MRPS were superior over dynamic light scattering and NTA for the characterization of stressed protein samples. Finally, MRPS proved to be the only analytical technique able to characterize both bacteria and liposomes. In conclusion, MRPS is an orthogonal technique alongside other established techniques for a comprehensive analysis of a samples particle size distribution and particle concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Grabarek
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr, 18b, 82152 Martinsried, Munich, Germany; Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300, RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Weinbuch
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr, 18b, 82152 Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr, 18b, 82152 Martinsried, Munich, Germany; Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300, RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Hawe
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr, 18b, 82152 Martinsried, Munich, Germany.
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33
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Liu F, Ni L, Zhe J. Lab-on-a-chip electrical multiplexing techniques for cellular and molecular biomarker detection. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:021501. [PMID: 29682143 PMCID: PMC5893332 DOI: 10.1063/1.5022168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Signal multiplexing is vital to develop lab-on-a-chip devices that can detect and quantify multiple cellular and molecular biomarkers with high throughput, short analysis time, and low cost. Electrical detection of biomarkers has been widely used in lab-on-a-chip devices because it requires less external equipment and simple signal processing and provides higher scalability. Various electrical multiplexing for lab-on-a-chip devices have been developed for comprehensive, high throughput, and rapid analysis of biomarkers. In this paper, we first briefly introduce the widely used electrochemical and electrical impedance sensing methods. Next, we focus on reviewing various electrical multiplexing techniques that had achieved certain successes on rapid cellular and molecular biomarker detection, including direct methods (spatial and time multiplexing), and emerging technologies (frequency, codes, particle-based multiplexing). Lastly, the future opportunities and challenges on electrical multiplexing techniques are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Liwei Ni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Jiang Zhe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
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34
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Tan SH, Xi HD, Li W. Editorial for the Special Issue on the Insights and Advancements in Microfluidics. MICROMACHINES 2017; 8:E254. [PMID: 30400442 PMCID: PMC6189998 DOI: 10.3390/mi8080254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We present a total of 19 articles in this special issue of Micromachines entitled, "Insights and Advancements in Microfluidics."[...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Say Hwa Tan
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Heng-Dong Xi
- School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Rd., Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Weihua Li
- School of Mechanical, Materials and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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