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McGowan NG, Zhong JH, Trasande L, Hellmann J, Heffron SP. A randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial to assess the influence of body weight on aspirin-triggered specialized pro-resolving mediators: Protocol for the DISCOVER Study. Int J Clin Trials 2024; 11:53-60. [PMID: 38585621 PMCID: PMC10997378 DOI: 10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20240043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Low-dose aspirin is ineffective for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in people with body weight greater than 70kg. While the prevalent explanation for this is reduced platelet cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibition at higher body weights, supporting data are limited, thereby demanding further investigation of the reason(s) underlying this observation. We propose that aspirin-mediated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) acetylation and the resulting synthesis of 15-epi-lipoxin A4, a specialized pro-resolving mediator, is suboptimal in higher weight individuals, which may contribute to the clinical trial findings. Methods To test this hypothesis, we are conducting a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, mechanistic crossover trial. Healthy men and women exhibiting a wide range of body weights take 81mg aspirin and 325mg aspirin for 3 weeks each, following 3-week placebo run-in and wash-out phases. Our target sample size is 90 subjects, with a minimum of 72 completing all visits estimated to be necessary to achieve power adequate to test our primary hypothesis. Results Our primary endpoint is the difference in change in plasma 15-epi-lipoxin A4 occurring with each dose of aspirin. Secondary endpoints include lipid mediator profiles, serum bioactive lipid profiles, and other endpoints involved in the resolution of vascular inflammation. Conclusions Study enrollment began in November 2021 and is ongoing. The results of this study will improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying aspirin's role(s) in the prevention of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. They may also lead to additional studies with the potential to inform dosing strategies for patients based on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie G McGowan
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
- NYU Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Judy H Zhong
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 S Preston St, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
| | - Sean P Heffron
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
- NYU Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1 Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
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2
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Klatte-Schulz F, Bormann N, Bonell A, Al-Michref J, Nguyen HL, Klöckner P, Thiele K, Moroder P, Seifert M, Sawitzki B, Wildemann B, Duda GN. Pro-Resolving Mediators in Rotator Cuff Disease: How Is the Bursa Involved? Cells 2023; 13:17. [PMID: 38201221 PMCID: PMC10778346 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
So far, tendon regeneration has mainly been analyzed independent from its adjacent tissues. However, the subacromial bursa in particular appears to influence the local inflammatory milieu in the shoulder. The resolution of local inflammation in the shoulder tissues is essential for tendon regeneration, and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) play a key role in regulating the resolution of inflammation. Here, we aimed to understand the influence of the bursa on disease-associated processes in neighboring tendon healing. Bursa tissue and bursa-derived cells from patients with intact, moderate and severe rotator cuff disease were investigated for the presence of pro-resolving and inflammatory mediators, as well as their effect on tenocytes and sensitivity to mechanical loading by altering SPM signaling mediators in bursa cells. SPM signal mediators were present in the bursae and altered depending on the severity of rotator cuff disease. SPMs were particularly released from the bursal tissue of patients with rotator cuff disease, and the addition of bursa-released factors to IL-1β-challenged tenocytes improved tenocyte characteristics. In addition, mechanical loading modulated pro-resolving processes in bursa cells. In particular, pathological high loading (8% strain) increased the expression and secretion of SPM signaling mediators. Overall, this study confirms the importance of bursae in regulating inflammatory processes in adjacent rotator cuff tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Klatte-Schulz
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH-Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Bormann
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH-Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aysha Bonell
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH-Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jasmin Al-Michref
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hoang Le Nguyen
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Klöckner
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathi Thiele
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Vivantes Auguste Viktoria Klinikum, 12157 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Martina Seifert
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Sawitzki
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Center of Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Britt Wildemann
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Georg N. Duda
- Julius Wolff Institut, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH-Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Insuela DBR, Ferrero MR, Chaves ADS, Coutinho DDS, Magalhães NDS, de Arantes ACS, Silva AR, Silva PMRE, Martins MA, Carvalho VF. Pro-resolving role of glucagon in lipopolysaccharide-induced mice lung neutrophilia. J Endocrinol 2023; 259:e220196. [PMID: 37552528 DOI: 10.1530/joe-22-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Prior research demonstrated that glucagon has protective roles against inflammation, but its effect on the resolution of inflammation remains elusive. Using in vitro and in vivo approaches, this study aimed to investigate the pro-resolving potential of glucagon on pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation caused by lipopolysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharide induced an increase in the proportions of neutrophils positives to glucagon receptor (GcgR) in vitro. In addition, lipopolysaccharide induced an increase in the neutrophil accumulation and expression of GcgR by the inflammatory cells in the lungs, however, without altering glucagon levels. Intranasal treatment with glucagon, at the peak of neutrophilic inflammation, reduced the neutrophil number in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and lung tissue within 24 h. The reduction of neutrophilic inflammation provoked by glucagon was accompanied by neutrophilia in the blood, an increase in the apoptosis rate of neutrophils in the BAL, enhance in the pro-apoptotic Bax protein expression, and decrease in the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein levels in the lung. Glucagon also induced a rise in the cleavage of caspase-3 in the lungs; however, it was not significant. Glucagon inhibited the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α while increasing the content of pro-resolving mediators transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) and PGE2 in the BAL and lung. Finally, glucagon inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced airway hyper-reactivity, as evidenced by the reduction in lung elastance values in response to methacholine. In conclusion, glucagon-induced resolution of neutrophilic inflammation by promoting cessation of neutrophil migration and a rise of neutrophil apoptosis and the levels of pro-resolving mediators TGF-β1 and PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda da Silva Chaves
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego de Sá Coutinho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Dos Santos Magalhães
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Ribeiro Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação (INCT-NIM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Aurélio Martins
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Frias Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação (INCT-NIM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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4
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Nunes VS, Abrahão O, Rogério AP, Serhan CN. ALX/FPR2 Activation by Stereoisomers of D1 Resolvins Elucidating with Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:6479-6486. [PMID: 37428488 PMCID: PMC10528287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to several diseases, but its resolution is driven by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) such as resolvin D1 (RvD1) and its epimer aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1), both biosynthesized from ω-3 fatty docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). RvD1 and AT-RvD1 have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution potentials, and their effects could be mediated by formyl peptide receptor type 2 receptor ALX/FPR2, a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). In this work, we performed 44 μs of molecular dynamics simulations with two complexes: FPR2@AT-RvD1 and FPR2@RvD1. Our results show the following: (i) in the AT-RvD1 simulations, the ALX/FPR2 receptor remained in the active state in 62% of the frames, while in the RVD1 simulations, the receptor remained in the active state in 74% of the frames; (ii) two residues, R201 and R205, of ALX/FPR2 appear, establishing interactions with both resolvins in all simulations (22 in total); (iii) RvD1 hydrogen bonds with R201 and R205 presented higher frequency than AT-RvD1; and (iv) residues R201 and R205 are the two receptor hotspots, demonstrated by the binding free calculations. Such results show that the ALX/FPR2 receptor remained in the active state for longer in the FPR2@RvD1 simulations than in the FPR2@AT-RvD1 simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius S. Nunes
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Química Computacional Medicinal, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Odonírio Abrahão
- Laboratório de Química Computacional Medicinal, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Alexandre P. Rogério
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Lubrano V, Ndreu R, Balzan S. Classes of Lipid Mediators and Their Effects on Vascular Inflammation in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36675152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is commonly believed that the inactivation of inflammation is mainly due to the decay or cessation of inducers. In reality, in connection with the development of atherosclerosis, spontaneous decay of inducers is not observed. It is now known that lipid mediators originating from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are important constituents of all cell membranes, can act in the inflamed tissue and bring it to resolution. In fact, PUFAs, such as arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are precursors to both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory compounds. In this review, we describe the lipid mediators of vascular inflammation and resolution, and their biochemical activity. In addition, we highlight data from the literature that often show a worsening of atherosclerotic disease in subjects deficient in lipid mediators of inflammation resolution, and we also report on the anti-proteasic and anti-thrombotic properties of these same lipid mediators. It should be noted that despite promising data observed in both animal and in vitro studies, contradictory clinical results have been observed for omega-3 PUFAs. Many further studies will be required in order to clarify the observed conflicts, although lifestyle habits such as smoking or other biochemical factors may often influence the normal synthesis of lipid mediators of inflammation resolution.
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Bäck
- Translational Cardiology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Université de Lorraine, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U1116, Nancy, France
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7
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Trotta MC, Gesualdo C, Petrillo F, Lepre CC, Della Corte A, Cavasso G, Maggiore G, Hermenean A, Simonelli F, D’Amico M, Rossi S. Resolution of Inflammation in Retinal Disorders: Briefly the State. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4501. [PMID: 35562891 PMCID: PMC9100636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The most frequent retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and posterior uveitis, are underlined by oxidative stress or aging-induced retinal inflammation, which contributes to vision impairing or loss. Resolution of inflammation is emerging as a critical phase able to counteract the inflammatory process leading to the progression of retinal damage. Particularly, pro-resolving mediators (PMs) play a key role in the modulation of inflammatory exudates and could be considered a new target to be investigated in different inflammatory-autoimmune pathologies. Here, we highlight the most recent studies concerning the role of the main PMs (lipoxins, resolvins, prtectins, maresins and annexins) in retinal inflammation, in order to collect the best evidence in the field of inflammatory retinal damage resolution and to propose novel pharmacological approaches in the management of the most common retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (F.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Carlo Gesualdo
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 6, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.C.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Petrillo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (F.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Caterina Claudia Lepre
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (F.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Alberto Della Corte
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 6, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.C.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Giancuomo Cavasso
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 6, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.C.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Giulia Maggiore
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Anca Hermenean
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania;
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 6, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.C.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Michele D’Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (F.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 6, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.C.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
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8
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Abstract
Acute inflammation is a localized and self-limited innate host-defense mechanism against invading pathogens and tissue injury. Neutrophils, the most abundant immune cells in humans, play pivotal roles in host defense by eradicating invading pathogens and debris. Ideally, elimination of the offending insult prompts repair and return to homeostasis. However, the neutrophils` powerful weaponry to combat microbes can also cause tissue damage and neutrophil-driven inflammation is a unifying mechanism for many diseases. For timely resolution of inflammation, in addition to stopping neutrophil recruitment, emigrated neutrophils need to be disarmed and removed from the affected site. Accumulating evidence documents the phenotypic and functional versatility of neutrophils far beyond their antimicrobial functions. Hence, understanding the receptors that integrate opposing cues and checkpoints that determine the fate of neutrophils in inflamed tissues provides insight into the mechanisms that distinguish protective and dysregulated, excessive inflammation and govern resolution. This review aims to provide a brief overview and update with key points from recent advances on neutrophil heterogeneity, functional versatility and signaling, and discusses challenges and emerging therapeutic approaches that target neutrophils to enhance the resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- János G Filep
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
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9
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Crouch M, Al-Shaer A, Shaikh SR. Hormonal Dysregulation and Unbalanced Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediator Biosynthesis Contribute toward Impaired B Cell Outcomes in Obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e1900924. [PMID: 32112513 PMCID: PMC8627245 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity is associated with impaired B-cell-driven humoral immunity, which coincides with chronic inflammation and has consequences for responses to infections and vaccinations. Key nutritional, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which obesity may impair aspects of humoral immunity such as B cell development, class switch recombination, and formation of long-lived antibody secreting cells are reviewed. A key theme to emerge is the central role of white adipose tissue on the formation and function of pro-inflammatory B cell subsets that exacerbate insulin resistance. The underlying role of select hormones such as leptin is highlighted, which may be driving the formation of pro-inflammatory B cells in the absence of antigen stimulation. This review also extensively covers the regulatory role of lipid metabolites such as prostaglandins and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that are synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids. Notably, SPM biosynthesis is impaired in obesity and contributes toward impaired antibody production. Future directions for research, including avenues for therapeutic intervention, are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Crouch
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Abrar Al-Shaer
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Kalinec GM, Gao L, Cohn W, Whitelegge JP, Faull KF, Kalinec F. Extracellular Vesicles From Auditory Cells as Nanocarriers for Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Pro-resolving Mediators. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:530. [PMID: 31849615 PMCID: PMC6895008 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug- and noise-related hearing loss are both associated with inflammatory responses in the inner ear. We propose that intracochlear delivery of a combination of pro-resolving mediators, specialized proteins and lipids that accelerate the return to homeostasis by modifying the immune response rather than by inhibiting inflammation, might have a profound effect on the prevention of sensorineural hearing loss. However, intracochlear delivery of such agents requires a reliable and effective method to convey them, fully active, directly to the target cells. The present study provides evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from auditory HEI-OC1 cells may incorporate significant quantities of anti-inflammatory drugs, pro-resolving mediators and their polyunsaturated fatty acid precursors as cargo, and potentially could work as carriers for their intracochlear delivery. EVs generated by HEI-OC1 cells were divided by size into two fractions, small (≤150 nm diameter) and large (>150 nm diameter), and loaded with aspirin, lipoxin A4, resolvin D1, and the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexanoic, and linoleic. Bottom-up proteomics revealed a differential distribution of selected proteins between small and large vesicles. Only 17.4% of these proteins were present in both fractions, whereas 61.5% were unique to smaller vesicles and only 3.7% were exclusively found in the larger ones. Importantly, the pro-resolving protein mediators Annexin A1 and Galectins 1 and 3 were only detected in small vesicles. Lipidomic studies, on the other hand, showed that small vesicles contained higher levels of eicosanoids than large ones and, although all of them incorporated the drugs and molecules investigated, small vesicles were more efficiently loaded with PUFA and the large ones with aspirin, LXA4 and resolvin D1. Importantly, our data indicate that the vesicles contain all necessary enzymatic components for the de novo generation of eicosanoids from fatty acid precursors, including pro-inflammatory agents, suggesting that their cargo should be carefully tailored to avoid interference with their therapeutic purpose. Altogether, these results support the idea that both small and large EVs from auditory HEI-OC1 cells could be used as nanocarriers for anti-inflammatory drugs and pro-resolving mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda M Kalinec
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lucy Gao
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Whitaker Cohn
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kym F Faull
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Federico Kalinec
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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11
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Satish M, Agrawal DK. Pro-resolving lipid mediators in the resolution of neointimal hyperplasia pathogenesis in atherosclerotic diseases. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2019; 17:177-184. [PMID: 30582389 PMCID: PMC6679914 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2019.1563483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite advances in drug eluting technologies, neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) and restenosis still plagues endovascular therapy in atherosclerotic diseases. By appreciating atherosclerosis and NIH as complex inflammatory processes, specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are a superfamily of endogenous unsaturated fatty-acid derived lipids with the potential for inflammatory resolution. Areas covered: Inquiry into SPMs in this context is a novel approach and is the focus of this review, with emphasis on our understanding with NIH. Prior mechanistic understandings of SPM deficiency with atherosclerosis has offered insight, as well as the complexity and diversity of the SPM superfamily. Therapeutic investigation using SPMs to combat NIH is also evaluated here. Expert commentary: Endogenous deficiency of SPMs synthesis by 12/15-lipoxygenase underlies resolution deficits in atherosclerosis and NIH. Upstream PDGF inhibition by SPMs, most notably RvD1 and LXA4, confers a multifactorial attenuation of NIH that involves interconnected anti-inflammatory efforts, most notably switch pro-resolving smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) and macrophages. The ALX/FPR2 is one receptor system identified on vSMCs that interacts with these SPMs to promote NIH resolution. Therapeutically, while shown to be promising with less stent burden or cytotoxicity, SPMs must be balanced by necessary mechanistic, pharmacokinetic and anatomical considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Satish
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Large-scale epidemiological studies on Greenlandic, Canadian and Alaskan Eskimos have examined the health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids consumed as part of the diet, and found statistically significant relative reduction in cardiovascular risk in people consuming omega-3 fatty acids. Areas covered: This article reviews studies on omega-3 fatty acids during the last 50 years, and identifies issues relevant to future studies on cardiovascular (CV) risk. Expert commentary: Although a meta-analysis of large-scale prospective cohort studies and randomized studies reported that fish and fish oil consumption reduced coronary heart disease-related mortality and sudden cardiac death, omega-3 fatty acids have not yet been shown to be effective in secondary prevention trials on patients with multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The ongoing long-term CV interventional outcome studies investigate high-dose, prescription-strength omega-3 fatty acids. The results are expected to clarify the potential role of omega-3 fatty acids in reducing CV risk. The anti-inflammatory properties of omega-3 fatty acids are also important. Future clinical trials should also focus on the role of these anti-inflammatory mediators in human arteriosclerotic diseases as well as inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Watanabe
- a Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology , Toho University Sakura Medical Center , Sakura, Chiba , Japan
| | - Ichiro Tatsuno
- a Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology , Toho University Sakura Medical Center , Sakura, Chiba , Japan
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13
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Abstract
An effective resolution program may be able to prevent the progression from non-resolving acute inflammation to persistent chronic inflammation. It has now become evident that coordinated resolution programs initiate shortly after inflammatory responses begin. In this context, several mechanisms provide the fine-tuning of inflammation and create a favorable environment for the resolution phase to take place and for homeostasis to return. In this review, we focus on the events required for an effective transition from the proinflammatory phase to the onset and establishment of resolution. We suggest that several mediators that promote the inflammatory phase of inflammation can simultaneously initiate a program for active resolution. Indeed, several events enact a decrease in the local chemokine concentration, a reduction which is essential to inhibit further infiltration of neutrophils into the tissue. Interestingly, although neutrophils are cells that characteristically participate in the active phase of inflammation, they also contribute to the onset of resolution. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms that initiate resolution may be instrumental to develop pro-resolution strategies to treat complex chronic inflammatory diseases, in humans. The efforts to develop strategies based on resolution of inflammation have shaped a new area of pharmacology referred to as "resolution pharmacology."
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Sugimoto
- Laboratório de Sinalização Inflamação, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Laboratório de Sinalização Inflamação, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laboratório de Resolução da Resposta Inflamatória, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
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14
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Sugimoto MA, Sousa LP, Pinho V, Perretti M, Teixeira MM. Resolution of Inflammation: What Controls Its Onset? Front Immunol 2016; 7:160. [PMID: 27199985 PMCID: PMC4845539 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective resolution program may be able to prevent the progression from non-resolving acute inflammation to persistent chronic inflammation. It has now become evident that coordinated resolution programs initiate shortly after inflammatory responses begin. In this context, several mechanisms provide the fine-tuning of inflammation and create a favorable environment for the resolution phase to take place and for homeostasis to return. In this review, we focus on the events required for an effective transition from the proinflammatory phase to the onset and establishment of resolution. We suggest that several mediators that promote the inflammatory phase of inflammation can simultaneously initiate a program for active resolution. Indeed, several events enact a decrease in the local chemokine concentration, a reduction which is essential to inhibit further infiltration of neutrophils into the tissue. Interestingly, although neutrophils are cells that characteristically participate in the active phase of inflammation, they also contribute to the onset of resolution. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms that initiate resolution may be instrumental to develop pro-resolution strategies to treat complex chronic inflammatory diseases, in humans. The efforts to develop strategies based on resolution of inflammation have shaped a new area of pharmacology referred to as “resolution pharmacology.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Sugimoto
- Laboratório de Sinalização Inflamação, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Laboratório de Sinalização Inflamação, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laboratório de Resolução da Resposta Inflamatória, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
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Ono E, Dutile S, Kazani S, Wechsler ME, Yang J, Hammock BD, Douda DN, Tabet Y, Khaddaj-Mallat R, Sirois M, Sirois C, Rizcallah E, Rousseau E, Martin R, Sutherland ER, Castro M, Jarjour NN, Israel E, Levy BD. Lipoxin generation is related to soluble epoxide hydrolase activity in severe asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:886-97. [PMID: 25162465 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201403-0544oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Severe asthma is characterized by airway inflammatory responses associated with aberrant metabolism of arachidonic acid. Lipoxins (LX) are arachidonate-derived pro-resolving mediators that are decreased in severe asthma, yet mechanisms for defective LX biosynthesis and a means to increase LXs in severe asthma remain to be established. OBJECTIVES To determine if oxidative stress and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity are linked to decreased LX biosynthesis in severe asthma. METHODS Aliquots of blood, sputum, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were obtained from asthma subjects for mediator determination. Select samples were exposed to t-butyl-hydroperoxide or sEH inhibitor (sEHI) before activation. Peripheral blood leukocyte-platelet aggregates were monitored by flow cytometry, and bronchial contraction was determined with cytokine-treated human lung sections. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS 8-Isoprostane levels in sputum supernatants were inversely related to LXA4 in severe asthma (r = -0.55; P = 0.03) and t-butyl-hydroperoxide decreased LXA4 and 15-epi-LXA4 biosynthesis by peripheral blood leukocytes. LXA4 and 15-epi-LXA4 levels were inversely related to sEH activity in sputum supernatants and sEHIs significantly increased 14,15-epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid and 15-epi-LXA4 generation by severe asthma whole blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells. The abundance of peripheral blood leukocyte-platelet aggregates was related to asthma severity. In a concentration-dependent manner, LXs significantly inhibited platelet-activating factor-induced increases in leukocyte-platelet aggregates (70.8% inhibition [LXA4 100 nM], 78.3% inhibition [15-epi-LXA4 100 nM]) and 15-epi-LXA4 markedly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced increases in bronchial contraction. CONCLUSIONS LX levels were decreased by oxidative stress and sEH activity. Inhibitors of sEH increased LXs that mediated antiphlogistic actions, suggesting a new therapeutic approach for severe asthma. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00595114).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Ono
- 1 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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