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Van Gray JB, Ayayee P. Examining the impacts of salt specificity on freshwater microbial community and functional potential following salinization. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16628. [PMID: 38757470 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The degradation of freshwater systems by salt pollution is a threat to global freshwater resources. Salinization is commonly identified by increased specific conductance (conductivity), a proxy for salt concentrations. However, conductivity fails to account for the diversity of salts entering freshwaters and the potential implications this has on microbial communities and functions. We tested 4 types of salt pollution-MgCl2, MgSO4, NaCl, and Na2SO4-on bacterial taxonomic and functional α-, β-diversity of communities originating from streams in two distinct localities (Nebraska [NE] and Ohio [OH], USA). Community responses depended on the site of origin, with NE and OH exhibiting more pronounced decreases in community diversity in response to Na2SO4 and MgCl2 than other salt amendments. A closer examination of taxonomic and functional diversity metrics suggests that core features of communities are more resistant to induced salt stress and that marginal features at both a population and functional level are more likely to exhibit significant structural shifts based on salt specificity. The lack of uniformity in community response highlights the need to consider the compositional complexities of salinization to accurately identify the ecological consequences of instances of salt pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon B Van Gray
- The Ohio State University CFAES Wooster, Agriculture Technical Institute, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Paul Ayayee
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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2
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Lu MK, Lee MH, Chao CH, Hsu YC. Sodium sulfate addition increases the bioresource of biologically active sulfated polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128699. [PMID: 38092106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Fungal sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) have been used in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, sodium sulfate was employed as an elicitor to induce stress on the mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea for the biosynthesis of SPS with high sulfate content. Sodium sulfate treatments increased the yield of SPS to 4.46 % and increased the sulfate content to 6.8 mmol/g of SPS. SPS were extracted from A. cinnamomea cultured with 500 mM sodium sulfate; these SPSs are denoted as Na500. Na500 exhibited the highest sulfate content and dose-dependent inhibitory activity against LPS-induced production of macrophage interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Mechanistically, Na500 hindered the phosphorylation of transforming growth factor-β receptor II (TGFRII), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and protein kinase B (AKT) expression. A purified 7.79 kDa galactoglucan, Na500 F3, augmented the anti-inflammation activity by inhibiting LPS-induced TGFβ release. Additionally, Na500 F3 restrained the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p-38, ERK, AKT, and TGFRII in RAW264.7 cells. Na500 F3 impeded the proliferation of lung cancer H1975 cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, ERK, and Slug. The anti-inflammation and anticancer properties of Antrodia SPS contribute to its health benefits, suggesting its utility in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Beitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Hsin Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Bremer E, Calteau A, Danchin A, Harwood C, Helmann JD, Médigue C, Palsson BO, Sekowska A, Vallenet D, Zuniga A, Zuniga C. A model industrial workhorse:
Bacillus subtilis
strain 168 and its genome after a quarter of a century. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:1203-1231. [PMID: 37002859 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of genomic sequences are automatically annotated using various software programs. The accuracy of these annotations depends heavily on the very few manual annotation efforts that combine verified experimental data with genomic sequences from model organisms. Here, we summarize the updated functional annotation of Bacillus subtilis strain 168, a quarter century after its genome sequence was first made public. Since the last such effort 5 years ago, 1168 genetic functions have been updated, allowing the construction of a new metabolic model of this organism of environmental and industrial interest. The emphasis in this review is on new metabolic insights, the role of metals in metabolism and macromolecule biosynthesis, functions involved in biofilm formation, features controlling cell growth, and finally, protein agents that allow class discrimination, thus allowing maintenance management, and accuracy of all cell processes. New 'genomic objects' and an extensive updated literature review have been included for the sequence, now available at the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC: AccNum AL009126.4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhard Bremer
- Department of Biology, Laboratory for Microbiology and Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO) Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Alexandra Calteau
- LABGeM, Génomique Métabolique, CEA, Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob Université d'Évry, Université Paris‐Saclay, CNRS Évry France
| | - Antoine Danchin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li KaShing Faculty of Medicine Hong Kong University Pokfulam SAR Hong Kong China
| | - Colin Harwood
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute Newcastle University Baddiley Clark Building Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - John D. Helmann
- Department of Microbiology Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - Claudine Médigue
- LABGeM, Génomique Métabolique, CEA, Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob Université d'Évry, Université Paris‐Saclay, CNRS Évry France
| | - Bernhard O. Palsson
- Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla USA
| | | | - David Vallenet
- LABGeM, Génomique Métabolique, CEA, Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob Université d'Évry, Université Paris‐Saclay, CNRS Évry France
| | - Abril Zuniga
- Department of Biology San Diego State University San Diego California USA
| | - Cristal Zuniga
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Graduate Program San Diego State University San Diego California USA
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Sánchez-Porro C. Special Issue “Halophilic Microorganisms”. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030690. [PMID: 36985263 PMCID: PMC10052812 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypersaline environments are mainly represented by aquatic systems, such as solar salt ponds or natural salt lakes, as well as by the sediments of these hypersaline aquatic ecosystems and soils with high salt content [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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5
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Stoica C, Dinu LR, Lucaciu IE, Oncu V, Gheorghe S, Nita-Lazar M. Sensitivity of Pathogenic Bacteria Strains to Treated Mine Water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15535. [PMID: 36497609 PMCID: PMC9739636 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mine water as a result of meteoric and/or underground water's contact with tailings and underground workings could have an elevated content of metals associated with sulfate, often acidic, due to the bio-oxidation of sulfides. When entering aquatic ecosystems, the mine water can cause significant changes in the species' trophic levels, therefore a treatment is required to adjust the alkalinity and to remove the heavy metals and metalloids. The conventional mine water treatment removes metals, but in many cases it does not reduce the sulfate content. This paper aimed to predict the impact of conventionally treated mine water on the receiving river by assessing the genotoxic activity on an engineered Escherichia coli and by evaluating the toxic effects generated on two Gram-negative bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Although the main chemical impact is the severe increases of calcium and sulfate concentrations, no significant genotoxic characteristics were detected on the Escherichia coli strain and on the cell-viability with a positive survival rate higher than 80%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more resistant than Escherichia coli in the presence of 1890 mg SO42-/L. This paper reveals different sensitivities and adaptabilities of pathogenic bacteria to high concentrations of sulfates in mine waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Stoica
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology–ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, Sector 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laurentiu Razvan Dinu
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology–ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, Sector 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Eugenia Lucaciu
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology–ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, Sector 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Voicu Oncu
- SC CEPROMIN S.A., 22 Decembrie 37A Boulevard, 330166 Deva, Romania
| | - Stefania Gheorghe
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology–ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, Sector 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Nita-Lazar
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology–ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, Sector 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
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Kaur H, Nguyen K, Kumar P. Pressure and temperature dependence of fluorescence anisotropy of green fluorescent protein. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8647-8655. [PMID: 35424839 PMCID: PMC8984833 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08977c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the effect of high hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the steady state fluorescence anisotropy of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). We find that the fluorescence anisotropy of GFP at a constant temperature decreases with increasing pressure. At atmospheric pressure, anisotropy decreases with increasing temperature but exhibits a maximum with temperature for pressure larger than 20 MPa. The temperature corresponding to the maximum of anisotropy increases with increasing pressure. By taking into account of the rotational correlation time changes of GFP with the pressure–temperature dependent viscosity of the solvent, we argue that viscosity increase with pressure is not a major contributing factor to the decrease in anisotropy with pressure. The decrease of anisotropy with pressure may result from changes in H-bonding environment around the chromophore. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the steady state fluorescence anisotropy of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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