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Mattioli LB, Corazza I, Budriesi R, Hrelia S, Malaguti M, Caliceti C, Amoroso R, Maccallini C, Crupi P, Clodoveo ML, Muraglia M, Carocci A, Tardugno R, Barbarossa A, Corbo F. From Waste to Health: Olive Mill Wastewater for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention. Nutrients 2024; 16:2986. [PMID: 39275301 PMCID: PMC11397552 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Waste from the agri-food chain represents a valuable reservoir of organic compounds with health-promoting properties. Momast Plus 30 Bio (MP30B) is a derivative obtained from olive-oil wastewater. Its enrichment in hydroxytyrosol (HT) via a patented technique has paved the way for its potential application as a dietary supplement in preventing cardiovascular diseases. MP30B demonstrates no significant alteration in cardiac and vascular parameters in "ex vivo" studies. However, it exhibits a strong ability to remove reactive oxygen species and exerts anti-inflammatory effects, notably reducing the concentration of iNOS and mitigating heart infections in "in vitro" experiments. Furthermore, MP30B slightly decreases the stiffness of the "ex vivo" thoracic aorta, potentially resulting in lowered arterial pressure and enhanced energy transfer to a normal ventricle. Based on these findings, we posit MP30B as a promising extract for cardiovascular disease prevention, and its specific antibacterial properties suggest its utility in preventing cardiac infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Beatrice Mattioli
- Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivan Corazza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Cristiana Caliceti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Crupi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Sciences, University of Palermo, V. Le Delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena Muraglia
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125 Bari, Italy
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Danielewicz J, Grzanka M, Sobiech Ł, Jajor E, Horoszkiewicz J, Korbas M, Blecharczyk A, Stuper-Szablewska K, Matysiak K. Impact of Various Essential Oils on the Development of Pathogens of the Fusarium Genus and on Health and Germination Parameters of Winter Wheat and Maize. Molecules 2024; 29:2376. [PMID: 38792237 PMCID: PMC11123840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, researchers are looking for ways to replace synthetic pesticides with substances of natural origin. Essential oils are produced by plants, among other things, to protect against pathogens, which is why there is interest in their use as fungicides. This experiment assessed the composition of essential oils from a commercial source, their impact on the development of mycelium of pathogens of the Fusarium genus, and the possibility of using them as a pre-sowing treatment. Grains of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) were inoculated with a suspension of mycelium and spores of fungi of the Fusarium genus and then soaked in solutions containing oils of sage (Salvia officinalis L.), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.), cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). The obtained results indicate that thyme essential oil had the strongest effect on limiting the development of Fusarium pathogens and seedling infection, but at the same time it had an adverse effect on the level of germination and seedling development of the tested plants. The remaining essential oils influenced the mentioned parameters to varying degrees. Selected essential oils can be an alternative to synthetic fungicides, but they must be selected appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Danielewicz
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Władysława Wegorka 20, 60-318 Poznan, Poland; (J.D.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Monika Grzanka
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Łukasz Sobiech
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Ewa Jajor
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Władysława Wegorka 20, 60-318 Poznan, Poland; (J.D.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Joanna Horoszkiewicz
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Władysława Wegorka 20, 60-318 Poznan, Poland; (J.D.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Marek Korbas
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Władysława Wegorka 20, 60-318 Poznan, Poland; (J.D.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Andrzej Blecharczyk
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Kinga Stuper-Szablewska
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Kinga Matysiak
- Department of Herbology and Plant Protection Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Władysława Wegorka 20, 60-318 Poznan, Poland;
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Almeida HHS, Crugeira PJL, Amaral JS, Rodrigues AE, Barreiro MF. Disclosing the potential of Cupressus leylandii A.B. Jacks & Dallim, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Aloysia citrodora Paláu, and Melissa officinalis L. hydrosols as eco-friendly antimicrobial agents. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:1. [PMID: 38163838 PMCID: PMC10758378 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health concern, threatening the effective prevention and treatment of infections caused by microorganisms. These factors boosted the study of safe and green alternatives, with hydrosols, the by-products of essential oils extraction, emerging as promising natural antimicrobial agents. In this context, four hydrosols obtained from Cupressus leylandii A.B. Jacks & Dallim, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Aloysia citrodora Paláu and Melissa officinalis L. were studied. Their chemical composition comprises neral, geranial, 1,8-cineole, terpinen-4-ol, and oplopanonyl acetate, compounds with recognised antimicrobial activity. Concerning antimicrobial activity, significant differences were found using different hydrosol concentrations (10-20% v/v) in comparison to a control (without hydrosol), showing the potential of the tested hydrosols to inhibit the microbial growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. A. citrodora hydrosol was the most effective one, inhibiting 90% of E. coli growth and 80% of C. albicans growth, for both hydrosol concentrations (p < 0.0001). With hydrosol concentration increase, it was possible to observe an improved antimicrobial activity with significant reductions (p < 0.0001). The findings of this work indicate the viability of reusing and valuing the hydrosols, encouraging the development of green applications for different fields (e.g., food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa H S Almeida
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado Para a Sustentabilidade Em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro J L Crugeira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado Para a Sustentabilidade Em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Joana S Amaral
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado Para a Sustentabilidade Em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Alírio E Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria-Filomena Barreiro
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado Para a Sustentabilidade Em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-252, Bragança, Portugal.
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Di Vito M, Garzoli S, Rosato R, Mariotti M, Gervasoni J, Santucci L, Ovidi E, Cacaci M, Lombarini G, Torelli R, Urbani A, Sanguinetti M, Bugli F. A New Potential Resource in the Fight against Candida auris: the Cinnamomum zeylanicum Essential Oil in Synergy with Antifungal Drug. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0438522. [PMID: 36975835 PMCID: PMC10101117 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04385-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant fungus known to be a global public health problem. The skin-based transmission, together with the marked resistance to drugs, resulted in its rapid spread to all continents. The aim of this study was to identify an essential oil (EO) active in the fight against C. auris. A total of 15 EOs were tested against 10 clinical strains of C. auris. Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO (CZ-EO) was the most effective (MIC90 and MFC90 equal to 0.06% vol/vol). Three fractions obtained from CZ-EO, and the cinnamaldehyde (CIN), the major chemical compound, were tested to identify the principal compound effectives against C. auris. All CIN-containing samples showed anti-fungal activity. To study the synergy with fluconazole, CZ-EO, its active fraction (FR2), and CIN were tested in checkerboard tests. Results show that CZ-EO and FR2, but not CIN, synergize with fluconazole. Furthermore, only the copresence of CZ-EO or FR2 synergize with fluconazole at therapeutic concentrations of the drug (0.45 ± 0.32 μg/mL and 0.64 ± 0.67 μg/mL, respectively), while CIN only shows additive activity. In vivo studies conducted on Galleria mellonella larvae show the absence of toxicity of CZ-EO up to concentrations of 16% vol/vol, and the ability of CZ-EO to reactivate the efficacy of fluconazole when formulated at synergic concentrations. Finally, biochemical tests were made to study the mechanism of action of CZ-EO. These studies show that in the presence of both fluconazole and CZ-EO, the activity of fungal ATPases decreases and, at the same time, the amount of intracellular drug increases. IMPORTANCE This study highlights how small doses of CZ-EO are able to inhibit the secretion of fluconazole and promote its accumulation in the fungal cell. In this manner, the drug is able to exert its pharmacological effects bypassing the resistance of the yeast. If further studies will confirm this synergy, it will be possible to develop new therapeutic formulations active in the fight against C. auris resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Di Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - S. Garzoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - R. Rosato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - J. Gervasoni
- UOC Chimica, Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - L. Santucci
- UOC Chimica, Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - E. Ovidi
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems DIBAF—University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - M. Cacaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Lombarini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - R. Torelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Urbani
- UOC Chimica, Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Sanguinetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - F. Bugli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Natural Emulsions Based on Essential Oils as Antifungal and Antimycotoxicogenic Agents on Wheat for Bakery Industry. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182926. [PMID: 36141053 PMCID: PMC9498824 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the antifungal and antimycotoxicogenic effect of binary and tertiary mixtures of Thymus vulgaris, Origanum sativum, and Coriandrum sativum essential oils (EOs), as well as emulsions based on EO mixtures, on fungi developed on wheat grains destined for the bakery industry. The chemical composition of the EO mixtures, the physical characteristics of the emulsions, and the influence of treatments on the proximate composition of wheat seeds were also studied. The methods used included the microbiological analysis of fungi developed on wheat seeds, the ELISA technique for determining the deoxynivalenol content (DON), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect the chemical composition of the EOs, Zetasizer to analyse the particle sizes and their electric charge at the surface, and NIR analysis of the proximate composition of wheat. The chemical composition analysis revealed that thymol and o-cymene were the major components in the binary mixture of the EOs with thyme, linalool in the binary mixtures of the EOs with coriander and carvacrol, and o-cymene in the binary mixtures of the EOs with oregano. The results showed that, based on the zeta potential, the tertiary mixture ensured maximum emulsion stability, while the emulsion based on thyme and oregano was the less stable system. Regarding the antifungal and antimycotoxicogenic effect, the results showed that the highest inhibition potential on fungi was observed with the binary mixtures of the EOs based on thyme and oregano, and on deoxynivalenol (DON) when the binary emulsion based on the same EOs was applied to wheat seeds. The proximate composition of wheat seeds contaminated with DON showed an increase in protein content and mineral substances, and there were changes in the colour of the wheat seeds after treatment with the EOs. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study showed the possibility of using binary/tertiary mixtures of EOs and emulsions as healthy and environmentally friendly alternatives in the bakery industry.
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