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Buono P, Maines E, Azzolini N, Franceschi R, Ludovica F, Leonardi L, Occhiati L, Mozzillo E, Maffeis C, Marigliano M. Short-Term Weight Gain after Tonsillectomy Does Not Lead to Overweight: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:324. [PMID: 38276561 PMCID: PMC10819022 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Different studies and systematic reviews have reported weight increase after tonsillectomy. However, the odds of a child being overweight or obese after tonsillectomy were no different than before surgery, according to a few studies. This systematic review aims to analyze the impact of adenotonsillectomy (TA) on weight gain and identify subgroups of children and adolescents at risk of experiencing weight gain. A systematic search included studies published in the last ten years. The PICO framework was used in the selection process, and evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. A total of 26 studies were included, and moderate-high level quality ones showed that children who underwent TA could present an increase in BMI z-score. However, this weight gain was significant in individuals younger than six years old and was considered catch-up growth in underweight subjects at baseline. In contrast, for normal-weight or overweight individuals, TA did not lead to overweight per se. At the same time, diet changes and overfeeding did not have a leading role in weight gain. In conclusion, TA may not be an independent risk factor for unfavorable weight gain in children; however, individuals who were underweight pre-operatively or younger than six years reported more weight gain after TA than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Buono
- Directorate General of Health, Campania Region, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Evelina Maines
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Pediatric Department, S. Chiara General Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari del Trentino, 38122 Trento, Italy; (E.M.); (N.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Nicolò Azzolini
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Pediatric Department, S. Chiara General Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari del Trentino, 38122 Trento, Italy; (E.M.); (N.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Roberto Franceschi
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Pediatric Department, S. Chiara General Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari del Trentino, 38122 Trento, Italy; (E.M.); (N.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Fedi Ludovica
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.L.); (L.O.)
| | - Letizia Leonardi
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Pediatric Department, S. Chiara General Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari del Trentino, 38122 Trento, Italy; (E.M.); (N.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Luisa Occhiati
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.L.); (L.O.)
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.L.); (L.O.)
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.M.); (M.M.)
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