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Sørensen AN, Kalmár D, Lutz VT, Klein-Sousa V, Taylor NMI, Sørensen MC, Brøndsted L. Agtrevirus phage AV101 recognizes four different O-antigens infecting diverse E. coli. MICROLIFE 2023; 5:uqad047. [PMID: 38234449 PMCID: PMC10791037 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriophages in the Agtrevirus genus are known for expressing multiple tail spike proteins (TSPs), but little is known about their genetic diversity and host recognition apart from their ability to infect diverse Enterobacteriaceae species. Here, we aim to determine the genetic differences that may account for the diverse host ranges of Agrevirus phages. We performed comparative genomics of 14 Agtrevirus and identified only a few genetic differences including genes involved in nucleotide metabolism. Most notably was the diversity of the tsp gene cluster, specifically in the receptor-binding domains that were unique among most of the phages. We further characterized agtrevirus AV101 infecting nine diverse Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli and demonstrated that this phage encoded four unique TSPs among Agtrevirus. Purified TSPs formed translucent zones and inhibited AV101 infection of specific hosts, demonstrating that TSP1, TSP2, TSP3, and TSP4 recognize O8, O82, O153, and O159 O-antigens of E. coli, respectively. BLASTp analysis showed that the receptor-binding domain of TSP1, TSP2, TSP3, and TSP4 are similar to TSPs encoded by E. coli prophages and distant related virulent phages. Thus, Agtrevirus may have gained their receptor-binding domains by recombining with prophages or virulent phages. Overall, combining bioinformatic and biological data expands the understanding of TSP host recognition of Agtrevirus and give new insight into the origin and acquisition of receptor-binding domains of Ackermannviridae phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Nørgaard Sørensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dorottya Kalmár
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Veronika Theresa Lutz
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Victor Klein-Sousa
- Structural Biology of Molecular Machines Group, Protein Structure & Function Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicholas M I Taylor
- Structural Biology of Molecular Machines Group, Protein Structure & Function Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martine C Sørensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lone Brøndsted
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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2
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Romero-Calle DX, de Santana VP, Benevides RG, Aliaga MTA, Billington C, Góes-Neto A. Systematic review and meta-analysis: the efficiency of bacteriophages previously patented against pathogenic bacteria on food. Syst Rev 2023; 12:201. [PMID: 37898821 PMCID: PMC10612260 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Food-borne diseases are a global public health issue with 1 in 10 people falling ill after eating contaminated food every year. In response, the food industry has implemented several new pathogen control strategies, such as biotechnological tools using the direct application of bacteriophages for biological control. We have undertaken a systematic review and meta-analysis that evaluated the efficiency of patented phages as a biological control for food-borne pathogens and determined the physical-chemical characteristics of the antimicrobial effect. Included and excluded criteria was developed. Included criteria: Phage patent files with an application in biological control on food and scientific articles and book chapters that used phages patented for food biological control. Excluded criteria: Patent documents, scientific articles, and book chapters that included phage therapy in humans, animals, and biological control on plants but did not have an application on food were not considered in our study. The systematic analysis identified 77 documents, 46 scientific articles, and 31 documents of patents and 23 articles was included in the meta-analysis. Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella sp. comprised most of the targets identified in the screening, so that we focused on these strains to do the meta-analysis. There are a total of 383 and 192 experiments for Listeria and Salmonella phages for quantitative data analysis.Indexing databases for the bibliographic search (Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and PubMed (Medline) were addressed by an automated script written in Python 3 Python Core Team (2015) and deposited on GitHub ( https://github.com/glenjasper ).A random-effects meta-analysis revealed (i) significant antimicrobial effect of Listeria phages in apple, apple juice, pear, and pear juice, (ii) significant antimicrobial effect of Salmonella phages in eggs, apple, and ready-to-eat chicken, (iii) no heterogeneity was identified in either meta-analysis, (iv) publication bias was detected for Listeria phages but not for Salmonella phages. (v) ListShield and Felix01 phages showed the best result for Listeria and Salmonella biological control, respectively, (vi) concentration of phage and bacteria, time and food had significant effect in the biological control of Listeria, (vii) temperature and time had a significant effect on the antimicrobial activity of Salmonella phages. The systematic review and meta-analyses to determine the efficiency of bacteriophages previously patented against pathogenic bacteria on dairy products, meat, fruits and vegetables. Besides, the discovering of key factors for efficacy, so that future applications of phage biotechnology in foods can be optimally deployed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danitza Xiomara Romero-Calle
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Av. Transnordestina S/N, Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Feira de Santana State University (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil.
- Biotechnology Area, Institute of Pharmaco-Biochemical Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, Higher San Andres University, P.O. Box 3239, La Paz, Bolivia.
| | - Vinicius Pereira de Santana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Feira de Santana State University (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Raquel Guimarães Benevides
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Av. Transnordestina S/N, Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Feira de Santana State University (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Alvarez Aliaga
- Biotechnology Area, Institute of Pharmaco-Biochemical Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, Higher San Andres University, P.O. Box 3239, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Craig Billington
- Health & Environment Group, Institute of Environmental Sciences and Research, PO Box 29-181, Christchurch, 8540, New Zealand
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Av. Transnordestina S/N, Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Feira de Santana State University (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil
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3
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Zou G, Ndayishimiye L, Xin L, Cai M, Zhang L, Li J, Song Z, Wu R, Zhou Y, Shi Y, Ye Y, Zhou R, Li J. Application of a novel phage LPCS28 for biological control of Cronobacter sakazakii in milk and reconstituted powdered infant formula. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113214. [PMID: 37689848 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of infant formula with Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) can cause fatal infections in neonates. Phages have emerged as promising antibacterial agents for food safety, but their effectiveness may be limited by thermal processing. In this study, we isolated 27 C. sakazakii phages from environmental water samples and selected LPCS28 due to its broad lysis spectrum. The titer of LPCS28 will not be significantly affected by heating at a temperature of 60 °C for one hour. In both reconstituted powdered infant formula (RPIF) and liquid milk, the pre-added LPCS28, after the thermal processing at 63 °C for 30 min, significantly inhibited the post-contaminated C. sakazakii (103 CFU/mL) and eventually reduced the number of C. sakazakii to below the limit of detection (<10 CFU/mL) within 9 h at 37 °C and significantly delayed the increase of bacterial concentration in the samples at 23 °C. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that LPCS28 belonged to a new genus, we proposed as Nanhuvirus, under the family Straboviridae. These findings suggest that phage LPCS28 is a promising biological control agent for pathogenic C. sakazakii in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Libère Ndayishimiye
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lingxiang Xin
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Manshan Cai
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Longjian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhiyong Song
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Renwei Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuanguo Shi
- Shenzhen Institute of Quality & Safety Inspection and Research, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China; Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, NY 10065, USA.
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4
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Lin Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yuan W, Wang D, Zhu W. Biological and genomic characterization of a polyvalent bacteriophage (S19cd) strongly inhibiting Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis. Vet Microbiol 2023; 284:109822. [PMID: 37437367 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages are a promising alternative for the control of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we isolated a virulent bacteriophage, S19cd, from pig gut that could infect both a non-pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli 44 (EC44) and two pathogenic bacterial strains (ATCC 13312 (SC13312) and CICC 21493 (SC21493)) of Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis (SC). S19cd exhibited strong lytic ability in both SC13312 and SC21493 with an optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10-6 and 10-5, respectively, and inhibited their growth at an MOI of 10-7 within 24 h. Mice pre-treated with S19cd exhibited protection against the SC13312 challenge. Moreover, S19cd has good heat resistance (80 ℃) and pH tolerance (pH 3-12). Genome analysis revealed that S19cd belongs to the Felixounavirus genus and does not contain any virulence or drug-resistance-related genes. Additionally, S19cd encodes an adenine-specific methyltransferase that has no similarity to methyltransferases from other Felixounavirus phages and shares limited similarity with other methyltransferases in the NCBI protein database. Metagenomic analysis of S19cd genomes from 500 pigs revealed that S19cd-like phages may be widespread in Chinese pig gut. In conclusion, S19cd can be a potential phage therapy targeting SC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yankun Liu
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenyuan Yuan
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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5
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Hou Y, Wu Z, Ren L, Chen Y, Zhang YA, Zhou Y. Characterization and application of a lytic jumbo phage ZPAH34 against multidrug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1178876. [PMID: 37415809 PMCID: PMC10321303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1178876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is an emerging foodborne pathogen causing human gastroenteritis. Aeromonas species isolated from food such as seafood presented multidrug-resistance (MDR), raising serious concerns regarding food safety and public health. The use of phages to infect bacteria is a defense against drug-resistant pathogens. In this study, phage ZPAH34 isolated from the lake sample exerted lytic activity against MDR A. hydrophila strain ZYAH75 and inhibited the biofilm on different food-contacting surfaces. ZPAH34 has a large dsDNA genome of 234 kb which belongs to a novel jumbo phage. However, its particle size is the smallest of known jumbo phages so far. Based on phylogenetic analysis, ZPAH34 was used to establish a new genus Chaoshanvirus. Biological characterization revealed that ZPAH34 exhibited wide environmental tolerance, and a high rapid adsorb and reproductive capacity. Food biocontrol experiments demonstrated that ZPAH34 reduces the viable count of A. hydrophila on fish fillets (2.31 log) and lettuce (3.28 log) with potential bactericidal effects. This study isolated and characterized jumbo phage ZPAH34 not only enriched the understanding of phage biological entity diversity and evolution because of its minimal virion size with large genome but also was the first usage of jumbo phage in food safety to eliminate A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Shahdadi M, Safarirad M, Berizi E, Mazloomi SM, Hosseinzadeh S, Zare M, Derakhshan Z, Rajabi S. A systematic review and modeling of the effect of bacteriophages on Salmonella spp. Reduction in chicken meat. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14870. [PMID: 37025894 PMCID: PMC10070888 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevention and control of foodborne pathogens are of vital public health importance, and poultry meat is recognized as a major source of Salmonella infection in humans. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the presence of salmonella in poultry meat. This article provided a systematic review and modeling to assess the effect of various factors on bacteriophages' function on Salmonella spp. Reduction in poultry meat. Twenty-two studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria mentioned in the methodology. The results showed that each unit increase in bacterial dose, phage dose, and temperature increases the Salmonella reduction by about 7%, 20%, and 1%, respectively. In addition, wild-type phages were more efficient than commercial-type phages, and this result was statistically significant (β = 1.124; p-value <0.001). This multivariate analysis is a helpful tool to predict the role of various factors in the role of phage in reducing Salmonella in poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Shahdadi
- Research Committee, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Safarirad
- Research Committee, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Enayat Berizi
- Research Committee, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Corresponding author.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Research Committee, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Research Committee, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Derakhshan
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Rajabi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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7
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Zhang Y, Zou G, Islam MS, Liu K, Xue S, Song Z, Ye Y, Zhou Y, Shi Y, Wei S, Zhou R, Chen H, Li J. Combine thermal processing with polyvalent phage LPEK22 to prevent the Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica contamination in food. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112454. [PMID: 36869473 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermal processing is the most frequently used method to destruct bacteria in food processing. However, insufficient thermal processing may lead to the outbreak of foodborne illness. This study combined thermal processing with thermostable phage to prevent food contamination. The thermostable phages were screened which can retain activity at 70 °C for 1 h. Among them, the polyvalent phage LPEK22 was obtained to lyse Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica, especially several multi-drug resistant bacteria. In milk (liquid food matrix), LPEK22 significantly reduced the E. coli by 5.00 ± 0.18 log10 CFU/mL and S. enterica by 4.20 ± 0.23 log10 CFU/mL after thermal processing at 63 °C for 30 min. For beef sausage (solid food matrix), LPEK22 significantly reduced the E. coli by 2.34 ± 0.17 log10 CFU/cm2 and S. enterica by 1.54 ± 0.13 log10 CFU/cm2 after thermal processing at 66 °C for 90 s. Genome analysis revealed that LPEK22 was a novel phage with a unique tail spike protein belonging to the family of Ackermannviridae. LPEK22 did not contain lysogenic, drug-resistant, and virulent genes that may compromise the safety of food application. These results determined that LPEK22, a novel polyvalent Ackermannviridae phage, could combine with thermal processing to prevent drug-resistant E. coli and S. enterica both in vitro and in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Geng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Md Sharifull Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Center for Cancer Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Suqiang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhiyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuanguo Shi
- Shenzhen Institute of Quality & Safety Inspection and Research, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shaozhong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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8
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Elois MA, da Silva R, Pilati GVT, Rodríguez-Lázaro D, Fongaro G. Bacteriophages as Biotechnological Tools. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020349. [PMID: 36851563 PMCID: PMC9963553 DOI: 10.3390/v15020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are ubiquitous organisms that can be specific to one or multiple strains of hosts, in addition to being the most abundant entities on the planet. It is estimated that they exceed ten times the total number of bacteria. They are classified as temperate, which means that phages can integrate their genome into the host genome, originating a prophage that replicates with the host cell and may confer immunity against infection by the same type of phage; and lytics, those with greater biotechnological interest and are viruses that lyse the host cell at the end of its reproductive cycle. When lysogenic, they are capable of disseminating bacterial antibiotic resistance genes through horizontal gene transfer. When professionally lytic-that is, obligately lytic and not recently descended from a temperate ancestor-they become allies in bacterial control in ecological imbalance scenarios; these viruses have a biofilm-reducing capacity. Phage therapy has also been advocated by the scientific community, given the uniqueness of issues related to the control of microorganisms and biofilm production when compared to other commonly used techniques. The advantages of using bacteriophages appear as a viable and promising alternative. This review will provide updates on the landscape of phage applications for the biocontrol of pathogens in industrial settings and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Alves Elois
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Raphael da Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Giulia Von Tönnemann Pilati
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - David Rodríguez-Lázaro
- Microbiology Division, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
- Research Centre for Emerging Pathogens and Global Health, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Gislaine Fongaro
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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9
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Sterilizing effect of phage cocktail against Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in foods. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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10
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Hyla K, Dusza I, Skaradzińska A. Recent Advances in the Application of Bacteriophages against Common Foodborne Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1536. [PMID: 36358191 PMCID: PMC9686946 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage potential in combating bacterial pathogens has been recognized nearly since the moment of discovery of these viruses at the beginning of the 20th century. Interest in phage application, which initially focused on medical treatments, rapidly spread throughout different biotechnological and industrial fields. This includes the food safety sector in which the presence of pathogens poses an explicit threat to consumers. This is also the field in which commercialization of phage-based products shows the greatest progress. Application of bacteriophages has gained special attention particularly in recent years, presumably due to the potential of conventional antibacterial strategies being exhausted. In this review, we present recent findings regarding phage application in fighting major foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Yersinia spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Listeria monocytogenes. We also discuss advantages of bacteriophage use and challenges facing phage-based antibacterial strategies, particularly in the context of their widespread application in food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aneta Skaradzińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
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11
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Mhone AL, Makumi A, Odaba J, Guantai L, Gunathilake KMD, Loignon S, Ngugi CW, Akhwale JK, Moineau S, Svitek N. Salmonella Enteritidis Bacteriophages Isolated from Kenyan Poultry Farms Demonstrate Time-Dependent Stability in Environments Mimicking the Chicken Gastrointestinal Tract. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081788. [PMID: 36016410 PMCID: PMC9416366 DOI: 10.3390/v14081788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica Enteritidis is one of the major causes of foodborne illnesses worldwide. This non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovar is mainly transmitted to humans through poultry products. Bacteriophages (phages) offer an alternative to antibiotics for reducing the incidence of MDR NTS in poultry farms. Phages that survive the harsh environment of the chicken gastrointestinal tract (cGIT), which have low pH, high temperatures, and several enzymes, may have a higher therapeutic or prophylactic potential. In this study, we analysed the stability of 10 different S. Enteritidis phages isolated from Kenyan poultry farms in different pH-adjusted media, incubation temperatures, as well as simulated gastric and intestinal fluids (SGF and SIF, respectively). Furthermore, their ability to persist in water sources available in Kenya, including river, borehole, rain and tap water, was assessed. All phages were relatively stable for 12 h at pHs ranging from 5 to 9 and at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 42 °C. At pH 3, a loss in viral titre of up to three logs was observed after 3 h of incubation. In SGF, phages were stable for 20 min, after which they started losing infectivity. Phages were relatively stable in SIF for up to 2 h. The efficacy of phages to control Salmonella growth was highly reduced in pH 2- and pH 3-adjusted media and in SGF at pH 2.5, but less affected in SIF at pH 8. River water had the most significant detrimental effect on phages, while the other tested waters had a limited impact on the phages. Our data suggest that these phages may be administered to chickens through drinking water and may survive cGIT to prevent salmonellosis in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Lucky Mhone
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Angela Makumi
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Josiah Odaba
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Linda Guantai
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - K. M. Damitha Gunathilake
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Loignon
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Caroline Wangari Ngugi
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Juliah Khayeli Akhwale
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Sylvain Moineau
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Félix d’Hérelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nicholas Svitek
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Correspondence:
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12
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Wang L, Pang X, Zhao J, Jin H, Yang X, Fu S, Cheng S, Li H, Miao C, Man C, Jiang Y. Isolation and characteristics of new phage JK004 and application to control Cronobacter sakazakii on material surfaces and powdered infant formula. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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León Y, Faherty CS. Bacteriophages against enteropathogens: rediscovery and refinement of novel antimicrobial therapeutics. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2021; 34:491-499. [PMID: 34524200 PMCID: PMC8447223 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Alarming rates of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and gastrointestinal dysbiosis associated with traditional antimicrobial therapy have led to renewed interests in developing bacteriophages as novel therapeutics. In this review, we highlight some of the recent advances in bacteriophage therapeutic development targeting important enteropathogens of the gastrointestinal tract. RECENT FINDINGS Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria, either to utilize the bacterial machinery to produce new progeny or stably integrate into the bacterial chromosome to ensure maintenance of the viral genome. With recent advances in synthetic biology and the discovery of CRISPR-Cas systems used by bacteria to protect against bacteriophages, novel molecular applications are taking us beyond the discovery of bacteriophages and toward innovative applications, including the targeting of bacterial virulence factors, the use of temperate bacteriophages, and the production of bacteriophage proteins as antimicrobial agents. These technologies offer promise to target enteropathogens without disrupting the healthy microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the use of nanoparticle technology and other modifications are helping researchers circumvent the harsh gastrointestinal conditions that could limit the efficacy of bacteriophages against enteric pathogens. SUMMARY This era of discovery and development offers significant potential to modify bacteriophages and overcome the global impact of enteropathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yrvin León
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina S. Faherty
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Sørensen AN, Woudstra C, Sørensen MCH, Brøndsted L. Subtypes of tail spike proteins predicts the host range of Ackermannviridae phages. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:4854-4867. [PMID: 34527194 PMCID: PMC8432352 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phages belonging to the Ackermannviridae family encode up to four tail spike proteins (TSPs), each recognizing a specific receptor of their bacterial hosts. Here, we determined the TSPs diversity of 99 Ackermannviridae phages by performing a comprehensive in silico analysis. Based on sequence diversity, we assigned all TSPs into distinctive subtypes of TSP1, TSP2, TSP3 and TSP4, and found each TSP subtype to be specifically associated with the genera (Kuttervirus, Agtrevirus, Limestonevirus, Taipeivirus) of the Ackermannviridae family. Further analysis showed that the N-terminal XD1 and XD2 domains in TSP2 and TSP4, hinging the four TSPs together, are preserved. In contrast, the C-terminal receptor binding modules were only conserved within TSP subtypes, except for some Kuttervirus TSP1s and TSP3s that were similar to specific TSP4s. A conserved motif in TSP1, TSP3 and TSP4 of Kuttervirus phages may allow recombination between receptor binding modules, thus altering host recognition. The receptors for numerous uncharacterized phages expressing TSPs in the same subtypes were predicted using previous host range data. To validate our predictions, we experimentally determined the host recognition of three of the four TSPs expressed by kuttervirus S117. We confirmed that S117 TSP1 and TSP2 bind to their predicted host receptors, and identified the receptor for TSP3, which is shared by 51 other Kuttervirus phages. Kuttervirus phages were thus shown encode a vast genetic diversity of potentially exchangeable TSPs influencing host recognition. Overall, our study demonstrates that comprehensive in silico and host range analysis of TSPs can predict host recognition of Ackermannviridae phages.
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Key Words
- ANI, Average nucleotide identity
- Ackermannviridae family
- Bacteriophage
- CPS, Capsular polysaccharide
- EOP, Efficiency of plating
- Escherichia coli O:157
- Host range
- LB, Luria-Bertani
- LPS, Lipopolysaccharide
- NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information
- O-antigen
- ORF, Open reading frame
- PFU, Plaque formation unit
- RBP, Receptor binding protein
- Receptor-binding proteins
- Salmonella
- TSP, Tail spike protein
- Tail spike proteins
- VriC, Virulence-associated protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Nørgaard Sørensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Cedric Woudstra
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Martine C Holst Sørensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lone Brøndsted
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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15
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Ramos-Vivas J, Elexpuru-Zabaleta M, Samano ML, Barrera AP, Forbes-Hernández TY, Giampieri F, Battino M. Phages and Enzybiotics in Food Biopreservation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175138. [PMID: 34500572 PMCID: PMC8433972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, biopreservation through protective bacterial cultures and their antimicrobial products or using antibacterial compounds derived from plants are proposed as feasible strategies to maintain the long shelf-life of products. Another emerging category of food biopreservatives are bacteriophages or their antibacterial enzymes called "phage lysins" or "enzybiotics", which can be used directly as antibacterial agents due to their ability to act on the membranes of bacteria and destroy them. Bacteriophages are an alternative to antimicrobials in the fight against bacteria, mainly because they have a practically unique host range that gives them great specificity. In addition to their potential ability to specifically control strains of pathogenic bacteria, their use does not generate a negative environmental impact as in the case of antibiotics. Both phages and their enzymes can favor a reduction in antibiotic use, which is desirable given the alarming increase in resistance to antibiotics used not only in human medicine but also in veterinary medicine, agriculture, and in general all processes of manufacturing, preservation, and distribution of food. We present here an overview of the scientific background of phages and enzybiotics in the food industry, as well as food applications of these biopreservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ramos-Vivas
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain; (J.R.-V.); (M.E.-Z.); (M.L.S.)
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico;
| | - María Elexpuru-Zabaleta
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain; (J.R.-V.); (M.E.-Z.); (M.L.S.)
| | - María Luisa Samano
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain; (J.R.-V.); (M.E.-Z.); (M.L.S.)
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico;
| | - Alina Pascual Barrera
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico;
| | | | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (M.B.); Tel.: +339-071-220-4136 (F.G.); +339-071-220-4646 (M.B.)
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (M.B.); Tel.: +339-071-220-4136 (F.G.); +339-071-220-4646 (M.B.)
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16
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Xu Y. Phage and phage lysins: New era of bio-preservatives and food safety agents. J Food Sci 2021; 86:3349-3373. [PMID: 34302296 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
There has been an increase in the search and application of new antimicrobial agents as alternatives to use of chemical preservatives and antibiotic-like compounds by the food industry. The massive use of antibiotic has created a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that find their way from farm to humans. Thus, there exists an imperative need to explore new antibacterial options and bacteriophages perfectly fit into the class of safe and potent antimicrobials. Phage bio-control has come a long way owing to advances with use of phage cocktails, recombinant phages, and phage lysins; however, there still exists unmet challenges that restrict the number of phage-based products reaching the market. Hence, further studies are required to explore for more efficient phage-based bio-control strategies that can become an integral part of food safety protocols. This review thus aims to highlight the recent developments made in the application of phages and phage enzymes covering pre-harvest as well as post-harvest usage. It further focuses on the major issues in both phage and phage lysin research hindering their optimum use while detailing out the advances made by researchers lately in this direction for full exploitation of phages and phage lysins in the food sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Xu
- Food Technology College Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, China
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17
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Application of a novel phage vB_SalS-LPSTLL for the biological control of Salmonella in foods. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110492. [PMID: 34399488 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella is one of the most common foodborne pathogens around the world. Phages are envisioned as a new strategy to control foodborne pathogenic bacteria and food safety. A Salmonella specific lytic phage vB_SalS-LPSTLL (LPSTLL) was selected for food applications on the basis of lytic range, lytic efficiency, functional stability and characteristics. Phage LPSTLL was able to lyse 11 Salmonella serotypes, which represents the broadest range reported Salmonella phages, and was able to suppress the growth of Salmonella enterica in liquid culture over nine hours. LPSTLL exhibited rapid reproductive activity with a short latent period and a large burst size in one-step growth experiment. LPSTLL remained active over a pH range of 3.0 to 12.0, and at incubation temperatures up to 60 °C for 60 min, indicating wide applicability for food processing and storage. Significant reductions of viable Salmonella were observed in diverse foods (milk, apple juice, chicken and lettuce) with reductions up to 2.8 log CFU/mL recorded for milk. Sensory evaluation indicated that treatment with phage LPSTLL did not alter the visual or tactile quality of food matrices. Genome analysis of LPSTLL indicated the absence of any virulence or antimicrobial resistance genes. Genomic comparisons suggest phage LPSTLL constitutes a novel member of a new genus, the LPSTLLvirus with the potential for Salmonella biocontrol in the food industry.
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18
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Islam MS, Yang X, Euler CW, Han X, Liu J, Hossen MI, Zhou Y, Li J. Application of a novel phage ZPAH7 for controlling multidrug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila on lettuce and reducing biofilms. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Cong C, Bing Dong W, Hui Jing C, Yu Yu Y, Yong Ping X, Li Li W, Shu Ying L, Ji Bin L, Mu X, Xiao Yu L. Genome analysis of Salmonella phage vB_SalM_8-19 (genus Rosemountvirus). Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1345-1356. [PMID: 33386871 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the characterization and genome annotation of Salmonella phage vB_SalM_8-19 (referred to as 8-19) isolated from sewage samples collected in a pig farm in Jilin, China. This phage was capable of infecting 60% Salmonella strains in our lab stock. The genome of phage 8-19 is composed of linear double-stranded DNA that is 52,648 bp in length with a G + C content of 46.02%; containing 74 ORFs and no tRNA genes. In October 2019, phylogenetic analyses indicated that phage 8-19 might belong to a novel cluster among the other similar phages which have not been specifically classified within some new genus in family Myoviridae. Recently, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) defined phage 8-19 and its related phages as genus Rosemountvirus, family Myoviridae. This new genus, known as Rosemountvirus, is rarely reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Cong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wei Bing Dong
- Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian, 116620, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, 136100, China
| | - Cui Hui Jing
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yuan Yu Yu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xu Yong Ping
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.,Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Wang Li Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Li Shu Ying
- Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Li Ji Bin
- Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Xu Mu
- Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Li Xiao Yu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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20
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Kosznik-Kwaśnicka K, Grabowski Ł, Grabski M, Kaszubski M, Górniak M, Jurczak-Kurek A, Węgrzyn G, Węgrzyn A. Bacteriophages vB_Sen-TO17 and vB_Sen-E22, Newly Isolated Viruses from Chicken Feces, Specific for Several Salmonella enterica Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228821. [PMID: 33233449 PMCID: PMC7700153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two newly discovered bacteriophages, isolated from chicken feces and infecting Salmonella enterica strains, are described in this report. These phages have been named vB_Sen-TO17 and vB_Sen-E22, and we present their molecular and functional characterization. Both studied viruses are able to infect several S. enterica strains and develop lytically, but their specific host ranges differ significantly. Electron microscopic analyses of virions have been performed, and full genome sequences were determined and characterized, along with molecular phylogenetic studies. Genomes of vB_Sen-TO17 (ds DNA of 41,658 bp) and vB_Sen-E22 (dsDNA of 108,987 bp) are devoid of homologs of any known or putative gene coding for toxins or any other proteins potentially deleterious for eukaryotic cells. Both phages adsorbed efficiently (>95% adsorbed virions) within 10 min at 42 °C (resembling chicken body temperature) on cells of most tested host strains. Kinetics of lytic development of vB_Sen-TO17 and vB_Sen-E22, determined in one-step growth experiments, indicated that development is complete within 30-40 min at 42 °C, whereas burst sizes vary from 9 to 79 progeny phages per cell for vB_Sen-TO17 and from 18 to 64 for vB_Sen-E22, depending on the host strain. Virions of both phages were relatively stable (from several percent to almost 100% survivability) under various conditions, including acidic and alkaline pH values (from 3 to 12), temperatures from -80 °C to 60 °C, 70% ethanol, chloroform, and 10% DMSO. These characteristics of vB_Sen-TO17 and vB_Sen-E22 indicate that these phages might be considered in further studies on phage therapy, particularly in attempts to eliminate S. enterica from chicken intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kosznik-Kwaśnicka
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Łukasz Grabowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Michał Grabski
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (G.W.)
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kaszubski
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (G.W.)
| | - Marcin Górniak
- Department of Molecular Evolution, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.G.); (A.J.-K.)
| | - Agata Jurczak-Kurek
- Department of Molecular Evolution, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.G.); (A.J.-K.)
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (G.W.)
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (Ł.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-523-6024
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21
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Kosznik-Kwaśnicka K, Ciemińska K, Grabski M, Grabowski Ł, Górniak M, Jurczak-Kurek A, Węgrzyn G, Węgrzyn A. Characteristics of a Series of Three Bacteriophages Infecting Salmonella enterica Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176152. [PMID: 32858954 PMCID: PMC7503781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular and functional characterization of a series of three bacteriophages, vB_SenM-1, vB_SenM-2, and vB_SenS-3, infecting various Salmonella enterica serovars and strains is presented. All these phages were able to develop lytically while not forming prophages. Moreover, they were able to survive at pH 3. The phages revealed different host ranges within serovars and strains of S. enterica, different adsorption rates on host cells, and different lytic growth kinetics at various temperatures (in the range of 25 to 42 °C). They efficiently reduced the number of cells in the bacterial biofilm and decreased the biofilm mass. Whole genome sequences of these phages have been determined and analyzed, including their phylogenetic relationships. In conclusion, we have demonstrated detailed characterization of a series of three bacteriophages, vB_SenM-1, vB_SenM-2, and vB_SenS-3, which reveal favorable features in light of their potential use in phage therapy of humans and animals, as well as for food protection purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kosznik-Kwaśnicka
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Karolina Ciemińska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.C.); (M.G.); (G.W.)
| | - Michał Grabski
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.C.); (M.G.); (G.W.)
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Łukasz Grabowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Marcin Górniak
- Department of Molecular Evolution, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.G.); (A.J.-K.)
| | - Agata Jurczak-Kurek
- Department of Molecular Evolution, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.G.); (A.J.-K.)
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.C.); (M.G.); (G.W.)
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (Ł.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-523-6024
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Islam MS, Hu Y, Mizan MFR, Yan T, Nime I, Zhou Y, Li J. Characterization of Salmonella Phage LPST153 That Effectively Targets Most Prevalent Salmonella Serovars. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8071089. [PMID: 32708328 PMCID: PMC7409278 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne diseases represent a major risk to public health worldwide. In this study, LPST153, a novel Salmonella lytic phage with halo (indicative of potential depolymerase activity) was isolated by employing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 13311 as the host and had excellent lytic potential against Salmonella. LPST153 is effectively able to lyse most prevalent tested serotypes of Salmonella, including S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. Pullorum and S. Gallinarum. Morphological analysis revealed that phage LPST153 belongs to Podoviridae family and Caudovirales order and could completely prevent host bacterial growth within 9 h at multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1, 1, 10 and 100. LPST153 had a latent period of 10 min and a burst size of 113 ± 8 PFU/cell. Characterization of the phage LPST153 revealed that it would be active and stable in some harsh environments or in different conditions of food processing and storage. After genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, it is confirmed that LPST153 is a new member of the Teseptimavirus genus of Autographivirinae subfamily. Further application experiments showed that this phage has potential in controlling Salmonella in milk and sausage. LPST153 was also able to inhibit the formation of biofilms and it had the ability to reduce and kill bacteria from inside, including existing biofilms. Therefore, the phage LPST153 could be used as a potential antibacterial agent for Salmonella control in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sharifull Islam
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Y.); (I.N.)
| | - Yang Hu
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK;
| | | | - Ting Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Y.); (I.N.)
| | - Ishatur Nime
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Y.); (I.N.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jinquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Y.); (I.N.)
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065-6399, USA
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