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Satari L, Torrent D, Ortega-Legarreta A, Latorre-Pérez A, Pascual J, Porcar M, Iglesias A. A laboratory ice machine as a cold oligotrophic artificial microbial niche for biodiscovery. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22089. [PMID: 38086912 PMCID: PMC10716499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are ubiquitously distributed in nature and usually appear as biofilms attached to a variety of surfaces. Here, we report the development of a thick biofilm in the drain pipe of several standard laboratory ice machines, and we describe and characterise, through culture-dependent and -independent techniques, the composition of this oligotrophic microbial community. By using culturomics, 25 different microbial strains were isolated and taxonomically identified. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria were the most abundant bacterial phyla in the sample, followed by Acidobacteriota and Planctomycetota, while ITS high-throughput sequencing uncovered the fungal community was clearly dominated by the presence of a yet-unidentified genus from the Didymellaceae family. Alpha and beta diversity comparisons of the ice machine microbial community against that of other similar cold oligotrophic and/or artificial environments revealed a low similarity between samples, highlighting the ice machine could be considered a cold and oligotrophic niche with a unique selective pressure for colonisation of particular microorganisms. The recovery and analysis of high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) yielded a strikingly high rate of new species. The functional profiling of the metagenome sequences uncovered the presence of proteins involved in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and fimbriae biosynthesis and also allowed us to detect the key proteins involved in the cold adaptation mechanisms and oligotrophic metabolic pathways. The metabolic functions in the recovered MAGs confirmed that all MAGs have the genes involved in psychrophilic protein biosynthesis. In addition, the highest number of genes for EPS biosynthesis was presented in MAGs associated with the genus Sphingomonas, which was also recovered by culture-based method. Further, the MAGs with the highest potential gene number for oligotrophic protein production were closely affiliated with the genera Chryseoglobus and Mycobacterium. Our results reveal the surprising potential of a cold oligotrophic microecosystem within a machine as a source of new microbial taxa and provide the scientific community with clues about which microorganisms are able to colonise this ecological niche and what physiological mechanisms they develop. These results pave the way to understand how and why certain microorganisms can colonise similar anthropogenic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Satari
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Manuel Porcar
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, Spain
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L., Paterna, Spain
| | - Alba Iglesias
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, Spain.
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Mhammedsharif RM, Kolo KY. A case study of environmental pollution by pathogenic bacteria and metal(oid)s at Soran Landfill Site, Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:811. [PMID: 37284886 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11352-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a serious issue all around the world, especially when it is caused by metal(oid)s and pathogenic microorganisms. This study reports here for the first time on the contamination of soil and water with metal(oid)s and pathogenic bacteria directly resulting from the Soran Landfill Site. Soran landfill is a level 2 solid waste disposal site that lacks leachate collection infrastructure. The site is potentially an environmental and public hazard caused by metal(oid)s content and significantly dangerous pathogenic microorganisms through leachate release into the soil and nearby river. This study reports on the levels of the metal(oid)s content of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Pb, Zn, and Ni obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer in soil, leachate stream mud, and leachate samples. Five pollution indices are used to assess potential environmental risks. According to the indices, Cd and Pb contamination is significant, whereas As, Cu, Mn, Mo, and Zn pollution is moderate. A total of 32 isolates of bacteria were defined from soil, leachate stream mud, and liquid leachate samples: 18, 9, and 5, respectively. Moreover, 16 s rRNA analysis suggested that the isolates belong to three enteric bacterial phyla of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. The closest GenBank matches of 16S rDNA sequences indicated the presence of the genera: Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Exiguobacterium, Trichococcus, Providencia, Enterococcus, Macrococcus, Serratia, Salinicoccus, Proteus, Rhodococcus, Brevibacterium, Shigella, Micrococcus, Morganella, Corynebacterium, Escherichia, and Acinetobacter. The identity percentage was mostly between 95%-100%. The results of this study show the levels of microbiological and geochemical contamination of soils, surface and potentially ground water with harmful microorganisms and toxic metal(oid)s originating specifically from Soran landfill leachate which subsequently incorporated into the surrounding environment, creating thus a considerable health and environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamal Yusuf Kolo
- Department of Biogeosciences, Scientific Research Center (SRC), Soran University, Soran, Erbil, Iraq
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Benladghem Z, Seddiki SML, Dergal F, Mahdad YM, Aissaoui M, Choukchou-Braham N. Biofouling of reverse osmosis membranes: assessment by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and microscopic imaging. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:852-864. [PMID: 36314078 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2139610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The decline in the performance of spiral-wound reverse osmosis (SWRO) membranes is frequently due to biofouling. This study focus on qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of SWRO membrane biofouling. Bacterial counts on the different surfaces of the fouled membranes were carried out. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was performed to highlight clogging materials as well as their natures and identity. The topography of the fouled membranes and the structures of biofilms were visualized by fluorescence microscopy (FM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated the presence of bacteria in the different SWRO membrane areas. Those strongly adhered were significantly higher than those weakly. It varied between 26 × 105 and 262 × 105 CFU m-2. However, SERS mapping showed different fouling levels and the thickness of the fouling layer was 5 µm. Microscopic imaging revealed biotic and abiotic deposits. These data can together allow better management of the seawater desalination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Benladghem
- Antifungal Antibiotic: Physico-Chemical Synthesis and Biological Activity laboratory, Biology department, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Sidi Mohammed Lahbib Seddiki
- Antifungal Antibiotic: Physico-Chemical Synthesis and Biological Activity laboratory, Biology department, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
- Laboratory for Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas, University Center of Naâma, Naâma, Algeria
| | - Fayçal Dergal
- Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analysis, Tipaza, Algeria
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Synthesis in Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Yassine Moustafa Mahdad
- Laboratory for Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas, University Center of Naâma, Naâma, Algeria
- Department of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Aissaoui
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Tamanghasset, Tamanghasset, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Choukchou-Braham
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Synthesis in Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
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Sturmer FDCR, Moreira PR, Cargnelutti JF, Lopes LQS, Lorenzett E, Burgo TADL, Santos RCV. Detection and characterization of Bacillus cereus isolated from the dialysis fluid. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2022; 64:e67. [DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202264067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Fernández I, de Los Ríos-Escalante P, Valenzuela A, Aguayo P, Smith CT, García-Cancino A, Sánchez-Alonso K, Oyarzún C, Campos VL. Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Parasite-Fauna of Wild Dissostichus eleginoides Smitt, 1898 Captured at the South-Central Coast of Chile. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122522. [PMID: 34946125 PMCID: PMC8706219 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissotichus eleginoides has a discontinuous circumpolar geographic distribution restricted to mountains and platforms, mainly in Subantarctic and Antarctic waters of the southern hemisphere, including the Southeast Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans and in areas surrounding the peninsular platforms of subantarctic islands. The aim of this work was to determine and characterize the gastrointestinal parasitic and microbial fauna of specimens of D. eleginoides captured in waters of the south-central zone of Chile. The magnitude of parasitism in D. eleginoides captured in waters of the south-central zone of Chile is variable, and the parasite richness is different from that reported in specimens from subantarctic environments. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the microbial community associated to intestine showed a high diversity, where Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteriodetes were the dominant phyla. However, both parasitic and microbial structures can vary between fish from different geographic regions
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (I.F.); (C.T.S.); (A.G.-C.); (K.S.-A.)
| | - Patricio de Los Ríos-Escalante
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
- Núcleo de Estudios Ambientales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Ariel Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Piscicultura y Patología Acuática, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.V.); (C.O.)
| | - Paulina Aguayo
- Institute of Natural Resources, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy, Universidad de Las Américas, Sede Concepción, Chacabuco 539, Concepción 3349001, Chile;
- EULA Environmental Sciences Center, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Carlos T. Smith
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (I.F.); (C.T.S.); (A.G.-C.); (K.S.-A.)
| | - Apolinaria García-Cancino
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (I.F.); (C.T.S.); (A.G.-C.); (K.S.-A.)
| | - Kimberly Sánchez-Alonso
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (I.F.); (C.T.S.); (A.G.-C.); (K.S.-A.)
| | - Ciro Oyarzún
- Laboratorio de Piscicultura y Patología Acuática, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.V.); (C.O.)
| | - Víctor L. Campos
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (I.F.); (C.T.S.); (A.G.-C.); (K.S.-A.)
- Correspondence:
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Herrera C, Moraga R, Bustamante B, Vilo C, Aguayo P, Valenzuela C, Smith CT, Yáñez J, Guzmán-Fierro V, Roeckel M, Campos VL. Characterization of Arsenite-Oxidizing Bacteria Isolated from Arsenic-Rich Sediments, Atacama Desert, Chile. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030483. [PMID: 33668956 PMCID: PMC7996500 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a semimetal toxic for humans, is commonly associated with serious health problems. The most common form of massive and chronic exposure to As is through consumption of contaminated drinking water. This study aimed to isolate an As resistant bacterial strain to characterize its ability to oxidize As (III) when immobilized in an activated carbon batch bioreactor and to evaluate its potential to be used in biological treatments to remediate As contaminated waters. The diversity of bacterial communities from sediments of the As-rich Camarones River, Atacama Desert, Chile, was evaluated by Illumina sequencing. Dominant taxonomic groups (>1%) isolated were affiliated with Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. A high As-resistant bacterium was selected (Pseudomonas migulae VC-19 strain) and the presence of aio gene in it was investigated. Arsenite detoxification activity by this bacterial strain was determined by HPLC/HG/AAS. Particularly when immobilized on activated carbon, P. migulae VC-19 showed high rates of As(III) conversion (100% oxidized after 36 h of incubation). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a P. migulae arsenite oxidizing strain that is promising for biotechnological application in the treatment of arsenic contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Herrera
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (C.H.); (B.B.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (C.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Ruben Moraga
- Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1100000, Chile
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Brian Bustamante
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (C.H.); (B.B.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (C.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Claudia Vilo
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (C.H.); (B.B.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (C.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Paulina Aguayo
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (C.H.); (B.B.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (C.V.); (C.T.S.)
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
- Institute of Natural Resources, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy, Universidad de Las Américas, Sede Concepcion, Campus El Boldal, Av. Alessandri N°1160, Concepcion 4090940, Chile
| | - Cristian Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (C.H.); (B.B.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (C.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Carlos T. Smith
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (C.H.); (B.B.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (C.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Jorge Yáñez
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Victor Guzmán-Fierro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (V.G.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Marlene Roeckel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (V.G.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Víctor L. Campos
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile; (C.H.); (B.B.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (C.V.); (C.T.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (V.L.C.)
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