1
|
da Rosa G, Roman IJ, Gressler LT, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Molecular identification of Sarcocystis species in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) in Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 50:101020. [PMID: 38644041 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Sarcocystis spp. are protozoan parasites that form cysts in the organs and musculature of various animal species. The species Sarcocystis miescheriana and Sarcocystis suihominis are pathogenic to pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa), acting as intermediate hosts, while humans are the definitive host for S. suihominis. To date, there have been no reports of the identification of these coccidian species in Sus scrofa in Brazil. Therefore, in this study, we conducted the first molecular identification of Sarcocystis species using PCR-RFLP and sequencing. A total of 210 samples were analyzed, of this total, 67 tested positive for Sarcocystis spp., representing 31.9% of the total samples assessed. Out of the total positive samples, 55 (82.1%) were identified as S. miescheriana and 8 (11.9%) as S. suihominis, a zoonotic species. Additionally, other species related to bovines, such as S. cruzi and zoonotic S. hominis, were detected in 3.0% of the samples, serving as contaminants in the pork products. The presence of S. suihominis in swine and wild boar samples is concerning due to the zoonotic risk and potential environmental contamination, as humans act as definitive hosts, also for the presence of S. hominis as a bovine contaminant in pork sausages. Furthermore, we confirmed the efficacy of the PCR-RFLP technique as a reliable tool for the identification of Sarcocystis species, demonstrating its potential use in laboratories for molecular diagnosis and rapid identification of these parasites, aiming to protect public health and ensure food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilneia da Rosa
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária (LAMIVET), Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, BR 386 - KM 40 s/n, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bernicker MR, Birrer CA, Seeger MG, Iglesias BA, Vogel FSF, Cargnelutti JF. Antimicrobial activity of cationic water-soluble porphyrin against multidrug-resistant bacteria in biofilms and canine skin samples. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:124. [PMID: 38441804 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms pose a threat to animal health, particularly in integumentary diseases, which can be caused by multiple organisms and often manifest as biofilms, hindering treatment effectiveness. We evaluated the antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using a water-soluble tetra-cationic porphyrin (4-H2TMeP) against MDR bacteria cultured in biofilm and in mono and polyculture grown on canine skin samples. We utilized 4-H2TMeP porphyrin against MDR Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. A non-cytotoxic concentration of 4-H2TMeP (40 µM), previously shown to be effective in vitro against these bacteria cultured in solution, was employed. Biofilms were treated with 4-H2TMeP and subjected to light irradiation for 30, 60, and 90 min. Monocultures on canine skin samples were treated with 4-H2TMeP and irradiated for 30 (S. pseudintermedius), 60 (E. coli), or 60 and 90 min (P. aeruginosa). Polycultures of S. pseudintermedius and E. coli were treated with light for 60 and 90 min. The efficacy of aPDT was evaluated by plating light-exposed biofilms, mono and polycultures of bacteria obtained from skin samples exposed to light and kept in the dark. Colony-forming units were counted after 24 h of incubation at 37 °C. aPDT using 4-H2TMeP reduced bacterial concentrations of S. pseudintermedius and E. coli biofilms. Additionally, it significantly reduced bacterial concentrations cultivated on skin samples, with a particular emphasis on S. pseudintermedius. These findings indicate that aPDT with 4-H2TMeP is a promising alternative treatment against MDR bacteria in animal skin infections and should be further explored through in vivo research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Rosa Bernicker
- Veterinary Medicine Graduate Programe, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Arend Birrer
- Biomedicine Undergraduate Program, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marlane Geribone Seeger
- Veterinary Medicine Graduate Programe, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Almeida Iglesias
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Porphyrinic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
da Rosa G, Roman IJ, Gressler LT, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Molecular identification of Sarcocystis neurona in tissues of wild boars ( Sus scrofa) in the border region between Brazil and Uruguay. J Parasit Dis 2024; 48:74-80. [PMID: 38440759 PMCID: PMC10908719 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcocystis neurona, owing to its clinical importance in domestic animals, is currently one of the most studied agents, presenting a wide range of intermediate hosts that have not yet been described, mainly in wild fauna. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the detection and molecular detection of S. neurona by amplification of the 18S rRNA region in the tissues of wild boars killed by boar control program in border Brazil Uruguay. A total of 79 samples of DNA from wild boar tissues from the LADOPAR/UFSM sampling bank were used, with Nested-PCR reactions being performed for amplification of the 18S rRNA region and the expected final product of 290 bp. Subsequently, the positive samples were subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique with the restriction enzymes DdeI and HPAII. A second semi-Nested reaction was performed to obtain a larger sequence of nucleotides with amplification of the 18S region and the expected final product of 500 bp for S. neurona and Nested amplification ITS1 with product final of 367 pb. In 32 samples, it was possible to detect S. neurona both by nested Nested-PCR reaction and RFLP, and the presence of the agent was confirmed by sequencing, corresponding to 40.51% of the total tissues evaluated. This is the first report of the occurrence of this species of Sarcocystis in wild boars, and further studies evaluating the role of these animals as intermediate hosts, and in the epidemiology of this protozoan are necessary, as well as verifying the risk factors for infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilneia da Rosa
- Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory, Farroupilha Federal Institute, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Corrêa DC, Nunes GT, Barcelos RAD, Dos Santos JR, Vogel FSF, Cargnelutti JF. Economic losses caused by mastitis and the influence of climate variation on the occurrence of the disease in a dairy cattle farm in southern Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:78. [PMID: 38351405 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the economic impacts caused by mastitis in a small dairy farm with similar characteristics and production to most dairy farms in southern Brazil and investigated if climatic variations influenced mastitis occurrence in the region. A farm with, on average, 45 lactating Holstein cattle was monitored from November 2021 to October 2022, and data on mastitis cases, bulk tank milk somatic cell count, animal treatment costs, milk production, animal disposal costs, and production losses were collected. Monthly averages of temperature, relative humidity (RH), and rainfall in the region were obtained. The greatest loss was related to the drop in milk production, resulting in 63.8% of total losses, followed by animal disposal (29.5%), milk disposal (4.6%), and treating animals with mastitis (2.0%), totaling a 10.6% reduction in the annual gross income. There were negative correlations between the clinical mastitis rate and monthly RH and between subclinical mastitis and temperature; the occurrence of subclinical mastitis and average RH were positively correlated. Our findings showed that mastitis negatively impacted the economy and that climate influenced mastitis occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Cristiano Corrêa
- Residency Program in Health Professions, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Tormes Nunes
- Residency Program in Health Professions, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto Antônio Delgado Barcelos
- Residency Program in Health Professions, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jamilly Rosa Dos Santos
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Undergraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine - UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
da Rosa G, de Freitas Daudt G, Roman IJ, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, Flores MM, Vogel FSF. Sarcocystis in horses from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Molecular identification of Sarcocystis bertrami and Sarcocystis neurona in muscle tissues. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 47:100973. [PMID: 38199686 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Horses are intermediate hosts of Sarcocystis spp. capable of forming cysts in their musculature. This study aimed to detect sarcocysts and investigate the presence of nucleic acids from Sarcocystis spp. in samples of striated muscles from horses in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, necropsied at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria. A total of 108 samples were collected from 24 horses and examined through direct examination. Microscopic tissue cysts were observed in three samples: tongue (2) and esophagus (1) from two animals. Extractions were performed on the found cysts and tissues, even though sarcocystosis detection was not present. DNA samples were subjected to Nested-PCR using Tg18s primers, and the amplified products were subjected to Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) using DdeI and HpaII enzymes. DNA belonging to Sarcocystis spp. was amplified in tissues from 91.7% (22/24) of the equines, and 67.6% (73/108) of the samples tested positive in the Nested-PCR reaction. The tissues with the highest detection frequency were: diaphragm 92.3% (12/13), gluteal muscle 77.2% (17/22), and esophagus 66.7% (4/6). In RFLP, Sarcocystis spp. was detected in 21 tissues from 11/22 equines, and cysts, identified through nucleotide sequencing, were determined to be S. bertrami. S. neurona was identified in 11 samples from 7/22 animals, with co-infection detected in 5/22 cases. The high detection rate indicates a concerning circulation of the protozoan, particularly the zoonotic S. bertrami found in all tissues, which are commonly exported for human consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilneia da Rosa
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela de Freitas Daudt
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Martins Flores
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV), Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Freitas BR, da Rosa G, Roman IJ, Gressler LT, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF, Cunha RC. Molecular detection of DNA from Trypanosoma spp. and Leishmania spp. in wild boar (Sus scrofa) tissues. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 47:100970. [PMID: 38199676 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to the proximity of humans to the countryside and the progressive increase in populations of invasive species, such as wild boars (Sus scrofa), the risk of disease spread is also exacerbated, some of which are zoonoses caused by protozoa. In the present study, 75 tissue/organ samples from 25 wild boars obtained from authorized hunting in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul were evaluated to investigate the presence of Trypanosoma spp. using conventional PCR with specific primers and amplification of the ITS1 region for Leishmania spp. detection and species differentiation, multiplex PCR with kDNA minicircle amplification was performed. Trypanosoma spp. DNA was detected in 11 out of 25 hearts, representing 44% of the culled animals. Regarding the detection of Leishmania DNA, L. infantum was detected in one spleen sample, accounting for 4%, and L. amazonensis in one liver sample from the same animal, also representing 4% (1/25) of the samples. It is important to note that this wild boar, with detection for both L. amazonensis and L. infantum, also had Trypanosoma spp. DNA detected in a heart sample, indicating the potential of this species to have multiple infections with these agents. Furthermore, this is the first reported case of multiple infection in a wild boar with these agents. Therefore, the results obtained reinforce the risk posed by invasive species, especially wild boars, as potential sources of infectious agent dissemination and their role as possible reservoirs for numerous diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Rodrigues de Freitas
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Biology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Gilneia da Rosa
- Posgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Posgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory, Farroupilha Federal Institute, campus Frederico Westphalen, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Posgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, University Federal of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Casquero Cunha
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Biology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fernandes FD, Samoel GVA, Guerra RR, Bräunig P, Machado DWN, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, Vogel FSF. Five years of the biggest outbreak of human toxoplasmosis in Santa Maria, Brazil: a review. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:76. [PMID: 38156993 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08073-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by infection with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. In 2018, the first cases of people with clinical signs of acute febrile syndrome were reported, and in the same year, the largest outbreak of human toxoplasmosis ever described in the literature was reported. In this sense, the present work sought to describe the evolution of the outbreak cases in the municipality of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, as well as the studies conducted and published during and after the outbreak in the municipality (the period between 2018 and 2023). In addition, the discussion of public policies and their modifications after the notification of this outbreak. As a result of this research, verifying the evolution of notified and confirmed cases, the possibility of detection and genotypic characterization of T. gondii and the possibility of co-infections and evaluation of the humoral response is possible. With regard to public policies, the importance of detecting the agent through the heel prick test and increasing the monitoring of water quality to prevent outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av Roraima, N° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
- Centro Universitario Ritter dos Reis (UniRitter), Av Manoel Elias, 2001 - Passo das Pedras, Porto Alegre, RS, 91240-261, Brazil.
| | - Gisele Vaz Aguirre Samoel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av Roraima, N° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Rojas Guerra
- Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av Roraima, N° 1000, Prédio 13, Sala 1206, Bairro Camobi, CEP, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia Bräunig
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av Roraima, N° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Willian Nascimento Machado
- Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (CAU-ULBRA), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, n°8001, Prédio 14, Bairro São José, Canoas, RS, CEP 92425-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av Roraima, N° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS , CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av Roraima, N° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa (UFSM), Av Roraima, N° 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fernandes FD, Tagarra LG, Roman IJ, Moraes DADO, Rodrigues D, de Andrade CM, Bräunig P, de Oliveira-Filho EF, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, Vogel FSF. Increased frequency of detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic cats after outbreak of human toxoplasmosis. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:73. [PMID: 38150060 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08092-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis affects various organisms, including humans. In 2018, the largest outbreak of human toxoplasmosis described so far was reported in southern Brazil, with 809 human cases reported, and water as the potentially primary source of infection. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected domestic cats before and after the human toxoplasmosis outbreak, as well as the potential for environmental contamination by the number of cats infected after the outbreak. We evaluated 381 serum samples from domestic cats in southern Brazil, using an indirect immunofluorescence assay, with samples considered positive at a titer of 1:20. We found that 73% (204/279) and 27% (75/279) of the samples analyzed before the outbreak were negative and positive, respectively. After the outbreak, 62% (69/112) were negative of the samples were and 38% (43/112) were positive. Notably, the proportion of positive samples before the outbreak before (27%) was significantly lower than that after the outbreak (38%; P = 0.020). Therefore, the increased seroprevalence of T. gondii in cats was probably correlated with the ingestion of contaminated water. Therefore, it is important to monitor animals, mainly definitive hosts, after toxoplasmosis outbreaks, considering that these animals can contaminate the environment and, consequently, humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fagner D'Ambroso Fernandes
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
- Centro Universitário Ritter Dos Reis (UniRitter), Av. Manoel Elias, nº 2001, Bairro Passo das Pedras, 91240-261, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
| | - Larissa Godoy Tagarra
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Denis Altieri de Oliveira Moraes
- Departamento de Estatística (DE), Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 13, Sala 1208, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Daniele Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinária (LACVET), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Hospital Veterinário Universitário (HVU), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 97, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinária (LACVET), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Hospital Veterinário Universitário (HVU), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 97, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
- Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais (DCPA), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 97, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria-RS, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Patricia Bräunig
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Samoel GVA, Fernandes FD, Roman IJ, Rodrigues BT, Miletti LC, Bräunig P, Guerra RR, Sangioni LA, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Detection of anti-Trypanosoma spp. antibodies in cattle from southern Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2023; 33:e013723. [PMID: 38126573 PMCID: PMC10782508 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612024002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Bovine trypanosomosis, caused by Trypanosoma vivax, is a disease that originated in Africa and currently affects cattle in several South American countries, including almost all Brazilian states. Despite the reports on T. vivax infection in southern Brazil, data on its circulation status is currently unavailable. In this study, we aimed to detect anti-Trypanosoma spp. IgG antibodies in cattle from Rio Grande do Sul and suggest areas with T. vivax transmission risk. A total of 691 serum samples from cattle in the intermediate regions of Rio Grande do Sul were analyzed using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The overall seroprevalence of anti-Trypanosoma antibodies in cattle was 24.6% (170/691). The detection rate ranged from 0-37.3%, with a high prevalence in the intermediate regions of Ijuí (37.3%), Uruguaiana (30.7%), and Passo Fundo (28.9%). Thus, these regions were suggested as possible bovine trypanosomosis risk areas due to the high seroprevalence. This is the first serological study to determine Trypanosoma spp. infection status in cattle from Rio Grande do Sul, providing data on the epidemiology of trypanosomosis in the state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Vaz Aguirre Samoel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Fagner D’ambroso Fernandes
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
- Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis – UniRitter, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Bibiana Teixeira Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Patrícia Bräunig
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Renata Rojas Guerra
- Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nunes GT, Corrêa DC, Chitolina MB, da Rosa G, Pereira RCDF, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Efficacy Evaluation of a Commercial Formulation With Duddingtonia Flagrans in Equine Gastrointestinal Nematodes. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 131:104930. [PMID: 37739142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of antiparasitics for the treatment of helminths in horses has caused the ineffectiveness of commonly used chemical active principles, therefore, new alternatives such as the use of helminthophagous fungi have been studied. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of the commercial formulation Bioverm, composed of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans strain AC001, in the reduction of gastrointestinal nematode larvae in equine feces. In coproculture, the genus Cyathostomum sp. was the most prevalent in the analyzed samples. The commercial formulation with D. flagrans demonstrated effectiveness in the predation of Cyathostomum sp. in tests. The recommended dose of 0.4 g, containing 105 chlamydospores per gram of product, reduced larvae by 44.23%, while the extrapolated dose of 1.0 g with the same concentrations of chlamydospores (105/g) resulted in a reduction of 57.20%, indicating the effectiveness of the product in controlling infective larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Tormes Nunes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diego Cristiano Corrêa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Gilneia da Rosa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Da Silva EG, Finamor IA, Bressan CA, Schoenau W, Vencato MDS, Pavanato MA, Cargnelutti JF, Da Costa ST, Antoniazzi AQ, Baldisserotto B. Dietary Supplementation with R-(+)-Limonene Improves Growth, Metabolism, Stress, and Antioxidant Responses of Silver Catfish Uninfected and Infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3307. [PMID: 37958062 PMCID: PMC10650795 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
R-(+)-limonene is a monoterpene from plants of the genus Citrus with diverse biological properties. This research evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with R-(+)-limonene on growth, metabolic parameters in plasma and liver, and the antioxidant and stress responses in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, challenged or not with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish were fed for 67 days with different doses of R-(+)-limonene in the diet (control 0.0, L0.5, L1.0, and L2.0 mL/kg of diet). On the 60th day, a challenge with A. hydrophila was performed. R-(+)-limonene in the diet potentiated the productive performance of the fish. The metabolic and antioxidant responses indicate that R-(+)-limonene did not harm the health of the animals and made them more resistant to the bacterial challenge. Histological findings showed the hepatoprotective effect of dietary R-(+)-limonene against A. hydrophila. Igf1 mRNA levels were upregulated in the liver of fish fed with an L2.0 diet but downregulated with bacterial challenge. The expression levels of crh mRNA were higher in the brains of fish fed with the L2.0 diet. However, the L2.0 diet downregulated crh and hspa12a mRNA expression in the brains of infected fish. In conclusion, the results indicated that R-(+)-limonene can be considered a good dietary supplement for silver catfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisia Gomes Da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (E.G.D.S.); (I.A.F.); (C.A.B.); (W.S.); (M.A.P.); (A.Q.A.)
| | - Isabela Andres Finamor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (E.G.D.S.); (I.A.F.); (C.A.B.); (W.S.); (M.A.P.); (A.Q.A.)
| | - Caroline Azzolin Bressan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (E.G.D.S.); (I.A.F.); (C.A.B.); (W.S.); (M.A.P.); (A.Q.A.)
| | - William Schoenau
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (E.G.D.S.); (I.A.F.); (C.A.B.); (W.S.); (M.A.P.); (A.Q.A.)
| | - Marina De Souza Vencato
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (M.D.S.V.); (S.T.D.C.)
| | - Maria Amália Pavanato
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (E.G.D.S.); (I.A.F.); (C.A.B.); (W.S.); (M.A.P.); (A.Q.A.)
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil;
| | - Sílvio Teixeira Da Costa
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (M.D.S.V.); (S.T.D.C.)
| | - Alfredo Quites Antoniazzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (E.G.D.S.); (I.A.F.); (C.A.B.); (W.S.); (M.A.P.); (A.Q.A.)
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil; (E.G.D.S.); (I.A.F.); (C.A.B.); (W.S.); (M.A.P.); (A.Q.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
de Freitas BR, da Rosa G, Roman IJ, Cunha RC, Gressler LT, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis spp in tissues of Sus scrofa slaughtered in southern Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2023; 32:e004623. [PMID: 37585953 PMCID: PMC10449315 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612023048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the presence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis spp. and Neospora caninum, in tissues of wild boars slaughtered in southern Brazil. A total of 156 samples were collected from different organs of 25 wild boars, and DNA from at least one of the protozoa investigated was detected in 79 samples. To differentiate between infectious agents, restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using the restriction enzymes DdeI and HpaII. For N. caninum, conventional PCR was performed with specific primers. The DNA of at least one of the studied pathogens was detected in each animal: 26.58% for T. gondii, 68.36% for Sarcocystis spp. and 5.06% for N. caninum. Coinfection between T. gondii and Sarcocystis spp. occurred in 14 animals, between T. gondii and N. caninum in only one male animal, between Sarcocystis spp. and N. caninum in a female, while co-infection with the three agents was equally observed in only one male animal. Considering the high frequency of detection and its zoonotic risk, especially T. gondii, it appears that wild boars can be potential sources of transmission of infectious agents and the adoption of monitoring measures in these populations should be prioritized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Rodrigues de Freitas
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Gilneia da Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Casquero Cunha
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brasil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mortari APG, Tagarra LG, de Souza ML, Roman IJ, Ratzlaff FR, Braunig P, de Andrade CM, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, Vogel FSF. Increased seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs in southern Brazil after an outbreak of human toxoplasmosis. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:1009-1014. [PMID: 36881160 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which can infect diverse hosts, including dogs. Although T. gondii infection in dogs is usually subclinical, they are susceptible to infection and develop a specific immune response to the parasite. In 2018, the largest outbreak of human toxoplasmosis in the world occurred in Santa Maria, in southern Brazil; however, the impact of this outbreak on other hosts was not investigated at the time. Considering that dogs often share the same environmental sources of infection as humans, mainly water sources, and that in Brazil, the detection rates of anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) in dogs is very high, this study investigated the frequency of anti-T. gondii IgG in dogs in Santa Maria before and after the outbreak. A total of 2.245 serum samples were analyzed, 1159 collected before the outbreak and 1086 collected after the outbreak. Serum samples were tested for anti-T. gondii antibodies using an indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The infection detection of T. gondii was 16% (185/1159) before the outbreak and 43% (466/1086) after the outbreak. These results showed the infection of dogs with T. gondii and the high frequency of anti-T. gondii antibodies in dogs after the outbreak in humans in 2018, reinforcing water as a possible source of infection and the importance of including toxoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Gnocato Mortari
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Larissa Godoy Tagarra
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Michelli Lopes de Souza
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Raquel Ratzlaff
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia Braunig
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cínthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Laboratório Clínico Veterinário (LCV), Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Hospital Veterinário, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Santa Maria, Rio Grande Do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Seeger MG, Iglesias BA, Vogel FSF, Cargnelutti JF. Antibiofilm action using water-soluble tetra-cationic porphyrin and antibacterial photodynamic therapy against Moraxella spp. from cattle. Microb Pathog 2023; 178:106081. [PMID: 36948363 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is the most important eye disease in ruminants worldwide. Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi can form biofilm and are frequently isolated from affected animals. Antimicrobials are used worldwide to treat clinical cases of IBK, although they have limited success in clearing the infection. Therefore, photodynamic therapy using porphyrins as photosensitizing molecules is an alternative method to eliminate microorganisms, including biofilms. We evaluated the antibacterial activity of a zinc(II) metalloporphyrin (ZnTMeP) against M. bovis and M. bovoculi biofilms since this compound can efficiently inactivate planktonic Moraxella spp. This study was carried out with two reference strains of Moraxella spp. (M. bovis: ATCC® 10900 and M. bovoculli: ATCC® BAA1259). The antibacterial activity of 4.0 μM of the ZnTMeP porphyrin was evaluated based on its ability to form and consolidate biofilms with three 30-min cycles of white-light exposure for three days. The ZnTMeP porphyrin reduced M. bovis and M. bovoculi biofilm formation. In addition, ZnTMeP partially destroyed consolidated M. bovoculi biofilms in the second white-light irradiation cycle, although the porphyrin had no effect against the consolidated biofilm of M. bovis. Despite the biofilm still not being completely inactivated, our findings are promising and encourage further experiments using the phototherapy protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlane Geribone Seeger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Bernardo Almeida Iglesias
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Materiais Porfirínicos, Departamento de Química, UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rodrigues de Freitas B, Roman IJ, Reis BR, de Souza Rodrigues F, Braünig P, Cargnelutti JF, Cunha RC, Vogel FSF. Sarcocyst Quantification and Viability: Freezing Treatment as an Alternative to Carcass Condemnation. Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:277-281. [PMID: 36705770 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The inspection of animal products is important for controlling parasitic zoonoses. Some processes that guarantee food safety to consumers such as carcass condemnation cause economic losses. This study aimed to detect Sarcocystis cysts in cattle hearts obtained from slaughterhouses and to evaluate sarcocyst viability after freezing treatment. METHODS When myocardial tissues were minced and subjected to fresh examination, sarcocysts were observed in all analyzed tissues resulting in 21.73 cysts/g of tissue. Sarcocyst viability was verified after tissue freezing at 35 ± 2 °C and - 20 ± 2 °C for 0-12 h. After freezing, the tissues were minced, and sarcocysts were collected and stained with Tripan Blue. In addition, cysts were mechanically disrupted to check bradyzoite viability. RESULTS Cysts and bradyzoites were unviable at - 35 °C for ≥ 3 h and - 20 °C for ≥ 8 h. CONCLUSION These results suggest freezing treatment as an alternative to condemnation of cattle carcasses contaminated with Sarcocystis spp. Similar studies using freezing treatment with other animals infected by Sarcocystis must be conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Rodrigues de Freitas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPEL, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bibiana Rossi Reis
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Souza Rodrigues
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Braünig
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Casquero Cunha
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPEL, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ely VL, Felipetto Cargnelutti J, Segabinazzi Ries A, Gressler LT, Costa S, Braz PH, Pötter L, Matiuzzi da Costa M, Gomes da Silva Júnior F, Pequeno de Oliveira H, Sangioni LA, Brayer Pereira DI, de Avila Botton S. Prototheca bovis in goats: Experimental mastitis and treatment with polypyrrole. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105950. [PMID: 36528325 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Prototheca bovis has been associated with several cases of mastitis in cattle but no record of intramammary infections has been reported in goats. This infection does not respond to available treatments and the disposal recommendation of affected animals cause great damage to the dairy industry. Alternatives for dealing with infections caused by Prototheca spp. are required worldwide. In vitro results suggest polypyrrole as promising molecule for combating this alga, because an algaecide effect was observed on tested Prototheca spp. isolates. Thus, this study evaluated goats as an experimental model for intramammary infection by P. bovis and a protocol for treating these animals with an intramammary polypyrrole solution. The possibility of P. bovis promoting an intramammary infection in goats was experimentally proven, demonstrating this species as an important model for studies involving algae mastitis. Furthermore, polypyrrole reduced the counts of Prototheca sp. in the analyzed samples, showing potential to fight this microorganism also in vivo. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the ability of P. bovis to colonize breast tissue in lactating goats and the highly soluble molecule of polypyrrole has potential use for the treatment of protothecosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valessa Lunkes Ely
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ananda Segabinazzi Ries
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, BR 386 - KM 40 s/n, Frederico Westphalen, RS, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Samay Costa
- Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, BR 386 - KM 40 s/n, Frederico Westphalen, RS, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Braz
- Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, BR 386 - KM 40 s/n, Frederico Westphalen, RS, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gomes da Silva Júnior
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Helinando Pequeno de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biologia, Campus Capão do Leão s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Engelmann AM, Bueno A, Barbosa NV, Machado C, Correa D, Cargnelutti JF, de Andrade CM. Effectiveness of ozonized saline solution in the treatment of Proteus spp. bacterial cystitis. Med Gas Res 2022; 13:155-158. [PMID: 36571382 PMCID: PMC9979206 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.350861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cystitis is a common clinical problem among cats and dogs and is one of the main reasons for the administration of antimicrobials. This can cause serious damage to public and animal health, as this practice facilitates the selection of bacteria that are multidrug-resistant to antibiotics. In this context, it is urgent to understand and validate therapeutic modalities that complement antimicrobial treatment in cystitis cases. Ozone therapy has been proposed by scientists owing to the various mechanisms of action in a range of pathologies, both in human and animal medicine. This paper describes the bactericidal action of two different protocols of bladder irrigation with ozonized saline solution (59 μg/mL) in a paraplegic canine with recurrent bacterial cystitis caused by Proteus spp. In the first protocol, the bladder instillations were applied once a day for three consecutive days while in the second, successive lavages were performed throughout the day until a significant reduction in the presence of bacteria in the urine sediment. In this study, we were able to demonstrate that repeated bladder instillation within 24 hours was the most effective treatment for Proteus compared to a single instillation on successive days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martiele Engelmann
- Department of Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil,Correspondence to: Ana Martiele Engelmann, E-mail:
| | - Andressa Bueno
- Department of Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Viana Barbosa
- Department of Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Machado
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Health Sciences Center (CCS), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Correa
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Health Sciences Center (CCS), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Health Sciences Center (CCS), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Department of Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Samoel GVA, Herbichi AP, Nunes GT, Machado CS, Fernandes FD, Vogel FSF, Cargnelutti JF. Isolation and characterization of Buchananella hordeovulneris from feline pyothorax. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:2329-2334. [PMID: 36242745 PMCID: PMC9679070 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A 1-year-old female mixed-breed cat was admitted to a veterinary hospital in Southern Brazil with tachypnea, low thoracic amplitude, restrictive breathing pattern, and cyanotic mucous membranes 2 days after elective castration surgery. Radiography revealed pleural effusion, and approximately 100-200 mL of fluid was collected by thoracocentesis. The reddish purulent exudate contained large numbers of yellowish-white granules with branched filamentous structures on cytological examination. The fluid was plated on blood agar and incubated under aerobiosis at 37 °C. On the third day of incubation, circular, dry, and opaque colonies, measuring < 0.5 mm in diameter, were observed. Their phenotypic and molecular characteristics were compatible with Buchananella hordeovulneris (basonym: Actinomyces hordeovulneris), a pathogenic actinomycete rarely detected in cats. Our findings indicate that B. hordeovulneris should be included in the differential diagnosis of pyothorax in cats together with Actinomyces spp. and Nocardia spp. Taxonomic confirmation of disease-causing microorganisms in animals is important to understand the course of infection and its association with disease epidemiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Vaz Aguirre Samoel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde-Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Pivoto Herbichi
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde-Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Tormes Nunes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde-Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carolina Sleutjes Machado
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
de Souza ML, Roman IJ, Mortari APG, Ratzlaff FR, Mazaro RD, Cargnelutti JF, Lübeck I, Fighera RA, de Andrade CM, de Ávila Botton S, Vogel FSF, Sangioni LA. Dynamics of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs from an unaffected region in transition to a visceral leishmaniasis transmission area, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:3269-3273. [PMID: 36121564 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In Brazil, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been expanding and urbanizing, mainly in non-endemic areas such as the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Considering that infected dogs are the main reservoirs of VL in urban areas, the present study aimed to evaluate the propagation of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) infection from an unaffected region in transition to a VL transmission area. For this, 1159 and 1087 samples of canine serum from 2015 and 2021, respectively, were analyzed, using the indirect immunofluorescence test. In addition, necropsy reports between 2007 and 2021 were evaluated. The results showed a prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies of 7.5% in the samples from 2015, while in 2021 samples, it was 23.5%, with an incidence of 0.4 cases per 100 dogs. It is noteworthy that in 2007, there was no record of CVL as the cause of death in the pathological reports, and in 2021, 41 diagnoses were made with the protozoan being a determinant of the death of the animal. These values indicate an increasing trend in the prevalence and incidence coefficients of CVL. The results of this study allowed us to verify the spread of the disease from an unaffected region to a transmission area of the agent, as well as provide subsidies for health authorities to implement improvements in the CVL control program in the municipality, to mitigate the emergence of human cases of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelli Lopes de Souza
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gnocato Mortari
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Raquel Ratzlaff
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Dalcol Mazaro
- Serviço de Consultoria Diagnóstica Veterinária (SEDIVET) - Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV), Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Irina Lübeck
- Laboratório de Doenças Infectocontagiosas Animais, Universidade Federal Do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), 118, BR 472 - Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 97501-970, Brazil
| | - Rafael Almeida Fighera
- Serviço de Consultoria Diagnóstica Veterinária (SEDIVET) - Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV), Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária (LACVET), Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Ávila Botton
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63C, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ratzlaff FR, Fernandes FD, Osmari V, Silva D, de Paula Vasconcellos JS, Braunig P, Vogel FSF, de Ávila Botton S, Dos Santos HF, Cargnelutti JF, Caldart ET, Campos A, de Mello Filho JA, Soares JF, Fagundes-Moreira R, Witt AA, Pacheco SM, Sangioni LA. Prevalence and molecular detection of Leishmania spp. in bats from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:3193-3202. [PMID: 36048268 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to detect the occurrence of infection by Leishmania spp.in bats from 34 municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul state (RS; southern Brazil) from 2016 to 2021. A total of 109 bats were provided by the Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde of RS, including six species belonged to Molossidae family, six to Vespertilionidae family, and two to Phyllostomidae family. Leishmania spp. was identified using the nested-PCR method by amplifying the SSU rDNA ribosomal subunit gene into four organ pools: (1) the liver, spleen, and lymph node; (2) heart and lungs; (3) skin; and (4) bone marrow of each bat. Three (3/109, 2.7%) animals tested positive for Leishmania spp. The respective PCR-positive organs came from pools 1 and 3. Two bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) were from the municipality of Canoas, and sequences analysis confirms the species identification as Leishmania infantum. In the third bat (Molossus molossus), from Rio Grande, it was not possible to determine the protozoa species, being considered Leishmania spp. Our results indicate that bats can participate in the biological cycle of Leishmania spp. and perform as host, reservoir, and/or source of infection of the protozoa in different areas of RS. More studies will be needed to elucidate the role of these Chiropteras in the circulation of Leishmania spp. This is the first study reporting the occurrence of Leishmania spp. in bats in Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Raquel Ratzlaff
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Osmari
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Daniele Silva
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jaíne Soares de Paula Vasconcellos
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Braunig
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Ávila Botton
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Helton Fernandes Dos Santos
- Laboratório Central de Diagnóstico Em Patologia Aviária (LCDPA), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), CEP, Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 44, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), CEP, Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Eloiza Teles Caldart
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), CEP, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Aline Campos
- Centro Estadual de Vigilância Em Saúde (CEVS), Av. Ipiranga, 5400, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - José Américo de Mello Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), CEP, Av. Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - João Fabio Soares
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade de Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Fagundes-Moreira
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - André Alberto Witt
- Divisão de Defesa Sanitária Animal (DDA), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDRA), Av. Getúlio Vargas, 1384, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90150-004, Brazil
| | - Susi Missel Pacheco
- Instituto Sauver - Organização não governamental, R. Dr. Paulo Franco Dos Réis, 40, Boa Vista, Porto Alegre, 90480-090, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dillmann JB, Lopes TRR, da Rosa G, Fracasso M, Tapia Barraza VC, Barbosa NV, de Andrade CM, Kommers GD, Cargnelutti JF, Monteiro SG. Safety and efficacy of Lucilia cuprina maggots on treating an induced infected wound in Wistar rats. Exp Parasitol 2022; 240:108337. [PMID: 35850276 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Infection is one of the main complications that hinder wound healing. Currently, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are a concern worldwide for both humans and animals. Maggot therapy is re-emerging as an alternative to intractable wounds and may be an option to the traditional antibiotic treatment. Although the species of choice is Lucilia sericata, reports of clinical use have led us to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using Lucilia cuprina larvae on induced infected wounds in Wistar rats. In short, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Group I - saline solution treated; Group II - antibiotic-treated; Group III - treated with larval debridement, and Group IV - without wound and treatment. Skin wounds were induced in groups I, II and III. All treatments were performed once and held for 48 h. Clinical, microbiological, histopathological, hematological, and biochemical analyses were done. Significant wound area contraction was found (>95%) in group III on day 9 compared to day 15 in group II. Complete elimination (0.0 ± 0.0 CFU/mL) of bioburden was achieved after the second treatment (day 6) in both the II and III groups, compared to an increase in Group I (6.51 ± 0.37 CFU/mL). A cleaner wound was also observed in the histopathological evaluation of group III, with adequate collagen formation and re-epithelialization on day 15. Furthermore, larvae increased blood platelet levels after the first treatment. L. cuprina larvae have proven safe and effective in accelerating wound treatment and eliminating MRSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Brand Dillmann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Thaísa Regina Rocha Lopes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gilneia da Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Fracasso
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Nathália Viana Barbosa
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva do Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Seeger MG, Machado CS, Iglesias BA, Vogel FSF, Cargnelutti JF. Antimicrobial efficacy of in vitro and ex vivo photodynamic therapy using porphyrins against Moraxella spp. isolated from bovine keratoconjunctivitis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:103. [PMID: 35501420 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is an ocular disease affecting bovine herds worldwide, and it causes significant economic loss. The etiologic agent of IBK is considered to be Moraxella bovis, but M. ovis and M. bovoculi are frequently recovered of animals presenting clinical signs of IBK. The therapeutic measures available for its control have limited efficacy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using porphyrins as photosensitizing molecules is an alternative method that can be used to reduce microbial growth. We evaluated the antibacterial activity of aPDT using two water-soluble tetra-cationic porphyrins (H2TMeP and ZnTMeP) against 22 clinical isolates and standard strains of Moraxella spp. in vitro and in an ex vivo model. For the in vitro assay, 4.0 µM of porphyrin was incubated with approximately 1.0 × 104 CFU/mL of each Moraxella sp. isolate and exposed to artificial light for 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 min. Next, 50 µL of this solution was plated and incubated for 24 h until CFU measurement. For the ex vivo assay, corneas excised from the eyeballs of slaughtered cattle were irrigated with Moraxella spp. culture, followed by the addition of zinc(II) porphyrin ZnTMeP (4.0 μM). The corneal samples were irradiated for 0, 7.5, and 30 min, followed by swab collection, plating, and CFU count. The results demonstrated the in vitro inactivation of the strains and clinical isolates of Moraxella spp. after 2.5 min of irradiation using ZnTMeP, reaching complete inactivation until 7.5 min. In the ex vivo experiment, the use of ZnTMeP resulted in the most significant reduction in bacterial concentration after 30 min of irradiation. These results encourage future in vivo experiments to investigate the role of metalloporphyrin ZnTMeP in the inactivation of Moraxella spp. isolates causing IBK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Seeger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - C S Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - B A Iglesias
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Materiais Porfirínicos, Departamento de Química, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - F S F Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - J F Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ely VL, Pereira DIB, da Costa MM, Panagio L, Nakasato G, Reis G, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, de Avila Botton S. Activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles against isolates of
Prototheca
species from bovine mastitis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:24-28. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valessa Lunkes Ely
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) Prédio 18 Sala 14 Campus Universitário Capão do Leão s/nº CEP 96160‐000 Brasil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF) Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº Rodovia BR 407 ‐ Km 12, Lote 543 Petrolina CEP 56300‐990 Brasil
| | - Luciano Panagio
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Centro de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Microbiologia Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Paraná 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário 86051990 Londrina Brasil
| | - Gerson Nakasato
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Centro de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Microbiologia Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Paraná 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário 86051990 Londrina Brasil
| | - Guilherme Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Centro de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Microbiologia Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Paraná 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário 86051990 Londrina Brasil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sturmer FDCR, Moreira PR, Cargnelutti JF, Lopes LQS, Lorenzett E, Burgo TADL, Santos RCV. Detection and characterization of Bacillus cereus isolated from the dialysis fluid. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2022; 64:e67. [DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202264067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
25
|
Silva LF, de Oliveira SAM, de Alencar Mota ALA, Gonçalves VSP, de Oliveira Freitas C, Cargnelutti JF, Flores EF, de Sant'Ana FJF. Seroprevalence of bovine vaccinia in cows and its correlation with the productive profile of affected farms in Distrito Federal, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 53:411-419. [PMID: 34729709 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00641-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine vaccinia (BV) is an infectious disease caused by Vaccinia virus (VACV) characterized by vesicular and exanthematic lesions, mainly in cattle. Although BV has been described in some Brazilian regions in the last decades, official information regarding the current prevalence in bovine herds of Midwestern Brazil is lacking. Thus, the current study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with BV in cattle in the Distrito Federal (DF), Brazil. Sera of 312 cows of 64 herds were tested by virus-neutralizing test for VACV antibodies. Herd and animal seroprevalence were estimated to be 33.3% (CI 95%: 18.2-48.3%) and 10.6% (CI 95%: 1.0-20.2%), respectively. Seropositive cows were detected in dairy, beef, and mixed-purpose farms. The results of an epidemiological questionnaire showed that no risk factor analyzed was positively associated with seropositivity to VACV. There was no significant association between type of milking (manual/mechanic) and seropositivity to VACV; however, most seropositive cows were present in farms with high daily milk production and high number of lactating and adult cows. Our results indicate that VACV circulates in many regions of DF with considerable prevalence in dairy cows. Control measures to restrict VACV circulation and consequences of the infection may be advisable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ferreira Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carolina de Oliveira Freitas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ries AS, Roman IJ, Bräunig P, Kommers GD, Sangioni LA, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Acaricide activity of organo-modified siloxane and acaricide associations in Rhipicephalus microplus. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3673-3680. [PMID: 34626236 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Search to a new alternative to control bovine ticks (Rhipicephalus microplus), the present study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of organo-modified siloxane alone and in association with different commercial products or with piperonyl butoxide (BPO). Engorged females were subjected to an in vitro immersion test and 10 groups were used: control, 0.5% siloxane, 1% siloxane, 2% siloxane, 0.5% siloxane + 5% BPO, 1% siloxane + 5% BPO, 2% siloxane + 5% BPO, commercial product, 0.5% siloxane + commercial product, and 1% siloxane + commercial product. After immersion, engorged females were incubated for 14 days for oviposition and hatchability tests. Another immersion test was performed with 5% siloxane and 2.5% siloxane + 10% BPO to evaluate the histopathological changes. Then, engorged females were incubated for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h and immersed in 10% formaldehyde for later analyses. The unassociated siloxane showed an acaricide efficacy of 93.88% at 2% concentration, and when associated with 5% BPO, it reached 100% efficacy at all tested concentrations. The tested commercial products showed enhanced efficacy when associated with siloxane. Histopathological analysis showed cell changes in both treatments and total cell disintegration after 120 h in the 5% siloxane group and after 96 h in the 2.5% siloxane + 10% BPO group. Therefore, siloxane alone or in combination is an alternative against R. microplus, and siloxane enhances the efficacy of available commercial products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Segabinazzi Ries
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (Ladopar), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, prédio 63C - Parque de exposições, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Isac J Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (Ladopar), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, prédio 63C - Parque de exposições, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bräunig
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (Ladopar), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, prédio 63C - Parque de exposições, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Glaucia D Kommers
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (Ladopar), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, prédio 63C - Parque de exposições, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (Ladopar), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, prédio 63C - Parque de exposições, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ely VL, Costa MMD, Oliveira HPD, Silva Júnior FAGD, Pereira DIB, Soares MP, Vargas ACD, Sangioni LA, Cargnelutti JF, Ribeiro MG, Botton SDA. In vitro algicidal effect of polypyrrole on Prototheca species isolates from bovine mastitisAlgicidal activity of polypyrrole on Prototheca spp. Med Mycol 2021; 58:1114-1119. [PMID: 32364239 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Algae of the genus Prototheca are microorganisms involved in the occurrence of diseases in humans and animals. In bovine species, Prototheca spp. cause environmental mastitis, productive losses in dairy herds, mainly leading to the discard of infected cows. Currently, there are no effective anti-Prototheca spp. drugs to combat this infection. Thus, the search for an efficacious therapy for Prototheca spp. infections have become essential. Highly soluble polypyrrole (Ppy) is a molecule with known antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to characterize Prototheca spp. isolates from bovine mastitis as well as to evaluate the susceptibility profile and to verify the morphological alterations on Prototheca spp. isolates treated with Ppy. In this research, 36 Brazilian isolates of Prototheca spp. were characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) assay for the mitochondrial cytB gene. Additionally, Ppy algicidal activity against these isolates of Prototheca spp. was assessed by minimal microbicidal concentration method in microplates. Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed in order to verify the morphological alterations on Prototheca spp. isolates in response to Ppy. The isolates were characterized as belonging to Prototheca zopfii genotype 2 (35/36) and Prototheca blaschkeae (1/36). Ppy had an algicidal effect on all isolates tested at concentrations ranging from 15.625 μg ml-1 to 62.5 μg ml-1. SEM showed changes on planktonic and sessile P. zopfii, including a decrease of the number of cells with the presence of an amorphous substance involving the cells. The algicidal activity of Ppy suggests the therapeutic potential of this molecule in the prevention and treatment of Prototheca spp. in bovine mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valessa Lunkes Ely
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/n°, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Helinando Pequeno de Oliveira
- Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/n°, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Fernando Antonio Gomes da Silva Júnior
- Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/n°, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departament of Microbiology and Parasitology, Instituto de Biologia, Federal University of Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n°, CEP 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro Pereira Soares
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n°, CEP 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Agueda Castagna de Vargas
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, São Paulo State University - UNESP, CEP 18618-681, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cargnelutti JF, de Oliveira PSB, Pacheco SM, Dos Santos HF, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Genetic identification of a rabies virus from an insectivorous bat in an urban area of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1627-1630. [PMID: 33948876 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In Latin America, hematophagous bats are the main reservoirs of rabies virus (RABV) to livestock, to other mammals and, occasionally, to human. Nonetheless, reports of exposure of human and pets to RABV upon aggression by non-hematophagous bats are increasing, possibly facilitated by the synanthropic habits of these bats. We, herein, report the detection and genetic identification of a RABV recovered from an insectivorous bat found sick in a student housing building at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Southern Brazil. Taxonomic characterization identified the captured bat as a member of the genus Nyctinomops, family Molossidae, the group of insectivorous bats. Brain fragments of the bat were positive for RABV antigens by fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and for sequences of the nucleoprotein (N) gene by RT-PCR. The N amplicon was submitted to nucleotide sequencing and analysis, showing that the consensus sequences (SV 33/19) had high identity with RABV sequences of insectivorous bats deposited in GenBank. At phylogenetic tree, the N gene sequences of SV 33/19 clustered with RABV recovered from Nyctinomops laticaudatus, Molossus molossus, and Tadarida lauticaudata bats, and a part of RABV variant 3, 4, and 6, that correspond to Desmodus rotundus, Tadarida brasiliensis, and Lasiurus cinereus, respectively. Although no direct human or domestic animal exposure has been reported, this case strengthens the need for a continuous rabies vaccination in pets in the surrounding areas, since non-hematophagous bats may serve as source of infection for these animals. These findings also call attention for continuous monitoring of populations of synanthropic bats to avoid/prevent human exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - P S B de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - S M Pacheco
- Instituto Sauver, Rua Dr. Paulo Franco dos Reis, 40, Porto Alegre, RS, 90480-090, Brazil
| | - H F Dos Santos
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - R Weiblen
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - E F Flores
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Seeger MG, Corrêa LFD, Clothier KA, Loy JD, Cargnelutti JF. Isolation of Moraxella spp. from horses with conjunctivitis in Southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1643-1648. [PMID: 33931826 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is the most frequent ocular disease in livestock worldwide and is primarily caused by Moraxella bovis, M. ovis, and/or M. bovoculi. The economic impact of IKC is mainly due to ocular damage, which leads to weight loss, management difficulties, pain and discomfort, and cost of treatments. In horses, limited information is available on the association of Moraxella spp. with keratoconjunctivitis. The present report describes two cases of equine keratoconjunctivitis caused by members of the genus Moraxella. Both animals presented with lacrimation, conjunctivitis, photophobia, mucoid or purulent secretions, blepharitis, and conjunctival hyperemia. The diagnosis of IKC was based on the epidemiological and clinical findings; the etiological agent was identified through bacteriological (culture and biochemistry assays) and molecular testing (PCR and nucleotide sequencing). Our study reports the isolation of Moraxella bovoculi (SBP 88/19) and a putative new species/mutant of Moraxella (SBP 39/19) recovered from ocular secretions in horses. Thus, we suggest the inclusion of Moraxella spp. infection in the differential diagnosis of conjunctivitis in horses in Southern Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Seeger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - L F D Corrêa
- Serviço de Oftalmologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinária Universitário (HVU), Departamento de Grandes Animais, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - K A Clothier
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 620 W. Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - J D Loy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4040 East Campus Loop N., Lincoln, NE, 68583-0907, USA
| | - J F Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Portella LP, Fernandes FD, Minuzzi CE, de Pelegrini LFV, Sangioni LA, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Molecular Detection and Characterization of Sarcocystis Infection in Naturally Infected Buffaloes, Brazil. J Food Prot 2021; 84:429-433. [PMID: 33108439 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sarcocystosis is a disease caused by various Sarcocystis species, a coccidian protozoan parasite that infects humans and animals and is commonly found in ruminants. Although Sarcocystis occurs all over the world, the species responsible for infecting buffaloes in Brazil have not been identified. In this study, we used molecular methods to estimate the prevalence of natural Sarcocystis infection in buffaloes. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted for the first time to identify the species of this protozoan that are responsible for infecting buffalos in southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul state. Heart samples from 80 buffaloes were subjected to microscopic examination followed by molecular analysis. Microcysts were present in 19 (23.75%) of 80 samples. The genomic DNA from the 19 cyst samples was extracted and amplified, and six sequences were obtained. The analysis was performed with the StandenPackage software, and the nucleotide sequences generated were analyzed by comparison with sequences in GenBank. All the sequenced samples were identified as Sarcocystis levinei. HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Pires Portella
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Santa Maria, CEP 97105900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-2159 [L.P.P.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-2327 [F.D.F.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-7495 [C.E.M.]; https://orcid.org/000-0002-2364-1084 [L.A.S.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-3643 [J.F.C.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9912 [F.S.F.V.])
| | - Fagner D'Ambroso Fernandes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Santa Maria, CEP 97105900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-2159 [L.P.P.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-2327 [F.D.F.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-7495 [C.E.M.]; https://orcid.org/000-0002-2364-1084 [L.A.S.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-3643 [J.F.C.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9912 [F.S.F.V.])
| | - Camila EncarnaÇÃo Minuzzi
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Santa Maria, CEP 97105900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-2159 [L.P.P.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-2327 [F.D.F.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-7495 [C.E.M.]; https://orcid.org/000-0002-2364-1084 [L.A.S.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-3643 [J.F.C.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9912 [F.S.F.V.])
| | - Luis Fernando Vilani de Pelegrini
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Santa Maria, CEP 97105900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-2159 [L.P.P.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-2327 [F.D.F.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-7495 [C.E.M.]; https://orcid.org/000-0002-2364-1084 [L.A.S.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-3643 [J.F.C.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9912 [F.S.F.V.])
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Santa Maria, CEP 97105900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-2159 [L.P.P.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-2327 [F.D.F.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-7495 [C.E.M.]; https://orcid.org/000-0002-2364-1084 [L.A.S.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-3643 [J.F.C.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9912 [F.S.F.V.])
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Santa Maria, CEP 97105900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-2159 [L.P.P.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-2327 [F.D.F.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-7495 [C.E.M.]; https://orcid.org/000-0002-2364-1084 [L.A.S.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-3643 [J.F.C.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9912 [F.S.F.V.])
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Santa Maria, CEP 97105900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-2159 [L.P.P.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-2327 [F.D.F.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-7495 [C.E.M.]; https://orcid.org/000-0002-2364-1084 [L.A.S.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-3643 [J.F.C.]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9912 [F.S.F.V.])
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sarturi JA, Rossi CAR, Rech RD, Pinheiro AB, Da Silva KM, Colpo IL, De Campos VL, Soares M, Cargnelutti JF, Machado CS. Evaluation of the Frequency of Swine Enzootic Pneumonia in one Farm Based on Slaughterhouse, Clinical and Laboratory Monitoring. ACTA SCI VET 2021. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.110761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is one of the main respiratory diseases of pigs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of SEP in one farm with an independent production system, low level of technification and high losses in the meat packing plant, based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring.Materials, Methods & Results: This study consisted of three monitoring steps, divided into three periods: P1, P2 and P3. In the first step of the study, slaughterhouse reports were analyzed and slaughtering was monitored at one meatpacking plant in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. The second step of the study started by drawing up a profile of the farm that supplied the pigs to the aforementioned slaughterhouse, after which clinical monitoring was performed on three occasions. The third step of the study (laboratory monitoring) involved collecting lung fragments containing suspected SEP lesions from the meatpacking plant and subjecting them analysis. The average measured enzootic pneumonia (EP) in P3 was 38.54% (P < 0.05) higher than in P1 and 29.79 higher than in P2. The mean frequency of pulmonary emphysema (PE) in P3 was 59.13% (P < 0.05) higher than in P1 and 48.04% higher than in P2. The mean number of lung adhesions (LA) did not differ statistically (P > 0.05) between P1, P2 and P3. As for the mean frequency of pulmonary hepatization (PH), P3 was 48.80% higher (P < 0.05) than P1 and 41.78% higher than P2. With regard to the mean frequency of craniodorsal lung lesions (CLL), P3 was 48.26% higher (P < 0.05) than P1 and 40.77% higher than P2. The mean frequency of disseminated lesions (DL) and the pneumonia severity index (PSI) showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05) between the three evaluated periods. On the other hand, in the finishing period (FP), the frequency of coughing and sneezing was 37.56% (P < 0.05) higher in P1 than in P3. The frequency of coughing and sneezing evaluated in the nursery phase (CF) did not differ (P > 0.05) between periods. The samples sent to the laboratory MicroVet tested positive for M. hyopneumoniae, Influenza virus and Pasteurella multocida capsular type A. In the samples sent to the laboratory LABAC, the mean PCRmo (PCR for identification of mollicutes) did not differ (P > 0.05) in the analyzed periods, although the presence of DNA from bacteria of the class Mollicutes was confirmed in the fragments. In addition, the mean results of PCRmy (PCR for identification of M. hyopneumoniae) also did not differ (P > 0.05), although they revealed positivity for M. hyopneumoniae. Discussion: In relationship to the mean frequency of PE in each analyzed period, our study revealed an increase in the number of pulmonary lesions at slaughter during the periods under analysis. This finding is in agreement with those of other authors, who explain that pneumonias is one of the main health problems for swine producers. Some lesions are identified more frequently in routine inspections in meatpacking plants, including pulmonary emphysema, lung adhesions and pneumonia caused by M. hyopneumoniae. In our study, we found that the clinical signs of respiratory distress decline between the periods under evaluation, but during slaughter, the lesions suggestive of SEP continued to show an upward trend, mainly because they were chronic. Other authors state that several control measures should be adopted to ensure good zootechnical indices, including vaccination, strategic medication and the reduction of risk factors, thereby minimizing the level of M. hyopneumoniae infection in the herd.
Collapse
|
32
|
Amaral BP, Cargnelutti JF, Mortari APG, Merchioratto I, Feio LM, Nogueira CW, Weiblen R, Flores E. Diphenyl diselenide and cidofovir present anti-viral activity against Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 2 in vitro and in a sheep model. Res Vet Sci 2020; 134:78-85. [PMID: 33338952 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bovine alphaherpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2) - the agent of bovine herpetic mamillitis (BHM) - is related to Human alphaherpesviruses 1 and 2 (HHV-1, HHV-2) and, as such, has been proposed as a model for vaccine and drug testing. We herein investigated the anti-viral activity in vitro against BoHV-2 of three anti-herpetic drugs: Cidofovir (CDV), Fanciclovir (FAM), Foscarnet (PFA), and diphenyl disselenide (Ph2Se2), a compound that has showed activity against HHV-2. Plaque reduction assays (PRA) revealed a significant reduction in viral plaques (p < 0.05) in cells treated with Ph2Se2 (79.7% reduction) or CDV (62.8%). FAM treatment resulted in a slight decrease in plaque number (22.9%, p < 0.05); PFA showed no activity. The effects of Ph2Se2 and CDV, alone or in combination, were investigated in ewes inoculated with BoHV-2 transdermally and submitted to daily topic treatment. Virus inoculated ewes developed lesions progressing through the stages of hyperemia, large papules or depressed dark areas, followed by scab formation. Treatment with Ph2Se2 resulted in reduction in clinical score from day 10 pi onwards (P < 0.05), shortening of clinical course and reduction in duration of virus shedding (P < 0.05) compared to untreated controls. Combined treatment (Ph2Se2 + CDV) and CDV alone, also led to clinical improvement (P < 0.05), yet less pronounced and delayed. These results are promising towards the use of Ph2Se2, alone or in combination with anti-herpetic drugs, in the treatment of udder and teat lesions produced by BoHV-2 in dairy cows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B P Amaral
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J F Cargnelutti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A P G Mortari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - I Merchioratto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L M Feio
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C W Nogueira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R Weiblen
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - E Flores
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bandeira Junior G, de Freitas Souza C, Descovi SN, Antoniazzi A, Cargnelutti JF, Baldisserotto B. Aeromonas hydrophila infection in silver catfish causes hyperlocomotion related to stress. Microb Pathog 2019; 132:261-265. [PMID: 31078710 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonosis is a fish disease that leads to haemorrhagic septicaemia and high mortality. The detection of early behavioural changes associated to this disease could be helpful in anticipating the initiation of treatment, increasing the probability of success. The influence of this disease on the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis and on the brain expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) is little known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Aeromonas hydrophila infection on individual behaviour and brain expression of genes related to stress (slc6a2, hsp90, hspa12a, hsd20b, hsd11b2, crh) in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Thirty fish were divided into healthy and infected groups. The fish of the infected group were inoculated intramuscularly with 50 μL of bacterial suspension (6.4 × 108 CFU/mL), while control animals received 50 μL of saline. On day five post-infection, animals were submitted to the novel tank test, euthanized, and the brain was collected for molecular analysis. Infected fish swam more in the unknown aquarium and presented an increase in brain expression of genes related to HSP (hspa12a) and the route of cortisol synthesis (crh) when compared to uninfected fish. Therefore, this disease causes hyperlocomotion related to stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guerino Bandeira Junior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine de Freitas Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sharine Nunes Descovi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Antoniazzi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
de Oliveira PSB, Cargnelutti JF, Masuda EK, Weiblen R, Flores EF. New variants of canine parvovirus in dogs in southern Brazil. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1361-1369. [PMID: 30859474 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (canine parvovirus 2, CPV-2) has undergone a rapid evolution through mutations in the capsid protein VP2, giving rise to variants associated with unique clinicopathological and immunological features. VP2 is a major capsid protein involved in key steps of virus biology, including interactions with cellular receptors and with the immune system. This study analyzed the complete VP2 coding sequence of 38 CPV-2 isolates obtained from dogs with clinical parvovirosis in southern Brazil. Amplicons encompassing the whole VP2 coding region were subjected to nucleotide sequencing, and predicted amino acid sequences were analyzed to identify molecular markers of viral variants. Viral variants were classified as CPV-2a, -2b or -2c based on the presence of the amino acid Asn, Asp or Glu, respectively, at VP2 residue 426. Amino acid sequence analysis identified 20 CPV-2c and four CPV-2b isolates. Eleven viruses were identified as New CPV-2a, two as New CPV-2b, and one resembled the original CPV-2 and was designated CPV-2-like. In addition to the mutation at amino acid 426 of VP2, new 2a/2b variants containing a Ser297Ala mutation at residue 297 were identified. CPV-2-like samples contained some mutations that were also present in the original CPV-2 isolate, including as Leu, Thr, Ala and Asp at residues 87, 101, 300 and 305, respectively. The New CPV-2a isolates had three additional mutations (Phe267Tyr, Tyr324Ile and Thr440Ala) associated with selective pressure and development of disease in vaccinated dogs. The resemblance of the CPV-2-like isolate to CPV-2 suggests reemergence of CPV-2 and/or evolution from vaccine strains. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the variants with their respective reference strains, in general, according to amino acid changes. These results demonstrate the high VP2 diversity of CPV circulating in dogs in southern Brazil and indicate the emergence of new viral variants that differ markedly from the current vaccine strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Sebastian Britto de Oliveira
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 97, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Kenji Masuda
- Axys Análises Laboratório Veterinário e Consultoria, Rua Alberto Silva, 332, Porto Alegre, RS, 91370-000, Brazil
| | - Rudi Weiblen
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
da Costa RA, Cargnelutti JF, Schild CO, Flores EF, Riet-Correa F, Giannitti F. Outbreak of contagious ecthyma caused by Orf virus (Parapoxvirus ovis) in a vaccinated sheep flock in Uruguay. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:565-569. [PMID: 30835059 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Orf virus (ORFV) causes contagious ecthyma (CE), a highly transmissible, zoonotic disease of small ruminants. CE most commonly affects lambs and unvaccinated sheep. This work reports epidemiologic, clinicopathologic, and virologic findings in a CE outbreak in a vaccinated sheep flock in Uruguay and failure to detect ORFV in a commercial vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Almeida da Costa
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Ruta 50 Km 11, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | | | - Carlos Omar Schild
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Ruta 50 Km 11, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Setor de Virologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Ruta 50 Km 11, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Federico Giannitti
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Ruta 50 Km 11, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay.
- Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kwirant LADA, De La Corte FD, Cantarelli C, Cargnelutti JF, Martins M, Cabral MW, Maciel N, Rubin MIB. Cooling and Cryopreservation of Equine Platelet-Rich Plasma With Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Trehalose. J Equine Vet Sci 2018; 72:112-116. [PMID: 30929774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Equine platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used in horses to repair bone, articular and tendinous lesions, laminitis, and even endometritis. However, platelets have a very limited lifespan, which makes it difficult to prepare and use PRP, except in loco. With the aim to produce PRP with higher platelet viability for clinical purposes, the effects of the cryoprotectants dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and trehalose were evaluated on cooled (4°C) and cryopreserved (-196°C) equine PRP. The protocols of cooling and cryopreservation were performed independently, comparing the following treatments: fresh PRP, PRP + 6% DMSO, PRP + 300 mM of trehalose, and PRP only. The PRP samples were prepared by double centrifugation of the blood of six ponies, further divided into four aliquots. The cooled or cryopreserved aliquots were stored for 14 days. All samples were evaluated for the platelet count, the mean platelet volume, and the release of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). The number of platelets in the fresh PRP and cooled samples was similar; however, platelet count was higher in the fresh PRP than in cryopreserved samples. The release of TGF-β1 was higher in the fresh PRP (105891 ± 52398 pg/mL), but the stored samples still released significant amounts of this growth factor (27291 ± 9625 pg/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liomara Andressa do Amaral Kwirant
- Graduate Program in Animal Medicine: Equine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | - Camila Cantarelli
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mathias Martins
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariê Wolski Cabral
- Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nayrema Maciel
- Graduation in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mara Iolanda Batistella Rubin
- Graduate Program in Animal Medicine: Equine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Large Animals, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Faccin TC, Cargnelutti JF, Rodrigues FDS, de Menezes FR, Piazer JVM, de Melo SMP, Lautert BF, Flores EF, Kommers GD. Bovine upper alimentary squamous cell carcinoma associated with bracken fern poisoning: Clinical-pathological aspects and etiopathogenesis of 100 cases. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204656. [PMID: 30256853 PMCID: PMC6157896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Upper digestive tract (UDT) cancer is rare in cattle, however in Southern Brazil, the UDT squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are relatively common and have been associated with bracken fern consumption and the presence of papillomas. Although a theory of pathogenesis considers bovine papillomavirus type 4 (BPV-4) as a cofactor in the development of these SCCs, some aspects of the etiopathogenesis of this disease need to be more investigated. In fact, detection of BPV-4 in UDT papillomas is scarce in other regions of the world and has not been performed in Brazil. Therefore, this study had two aims: 1) to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of 100 natural cases of SCCs in the UDT of cattle grazing on bracken fern (Pteridium arachnoideum) highly contaminated areas, investigating the associations between these parameters; and 2) to investigate the presence of papillomavirus DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the UDT papillomas (n = 47) from 30 cattle that also had UDT SCCs. There were statistically significant associations between clinical signs and tumor localization in the UDT; between histological grade of differentiation and tumor localization; and a trend towards significant association between histological grade of differentiation and presence of metastases. The average age of cattle with oropharyngeal SCCs was 7.39 years, with statistically significant difference comparing to cattle with esophageal SCCs (8.6 years). No statistical association was observed among other clinical-pathological parameters (growth pattern and primary site of the tumor) analyzed. No BPV DNA was detected in papillomas by PCR. Therefore, these results suggest the possibility that papillomas of the UDT are not necessarily associated with BPV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Cargnin Faccin
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Souza Rodrigues
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Betina Fabis Lautert
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Denise Kommers
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dias RK, Cargnelutti JF, Weber MN, Canal CW, Bauermann FV, Ridpath JF, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Antigenic diversity of Brazilian isolates of HoBi-like pestiviruses. Vet Microbiol 2017; 203:221-228. [PMID: 28619148 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hobi-like viruses comprise an unclassified group of bovine pestiviruses related to bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) and 2 (BVDV-2). These viruses were originally identified in fetal bovine serum from Brazilian origin and, subsequently, isolated from diseased animals in several countries. Herein we performed an antigenic characterization of eight Brazilian HoBi-like viruses isolated from persistently infected (PI) animals and from gastroenteric disease (2007-2015). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 5' unstranslated region (UTR) clustered these viruses with other HoBi-like viruses from European and Asiatic origin. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) binding indicated variability in the Hobi-like virus glycoprotein E2 and significant differences from the homologous BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 glycoprotein. Analysis of antigenic relatedness based on virus-neutralizing titers using virus-specific antisera revealed that HoBi-like viruses are antigenically very different from BVDV-1 and, to a lesser extent, from BVDV-2. Cross-neutralizing assays between pairs of HoBi-like viruses and their respective antisera indicated the existence of antigenic variability among these viruses, even for viruses isolated from the same herd in different occasions. Moreover, the identification of a HoBi-like isolate with low antigenic similarity with the other isolates indicates the potential existence of antigenic subgroups among HoBi-like virus isolates. Finally, sera of lambs immunized with commercial BVDV vaccines showed low or undetectable neutralizing activity against HoBi-like isolates. These results indicate significant antigenic differences between BVDV genotypes and Brazilian HoBi-like viruses and the existence of antigenic variability within this atypical group of pestiviruses. These findings extend the knowledge about the antigenic diversity of HoBi-like viruses and reinforce the need for their inclusion in current BVDV vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Dias
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - J F Cargnelutti
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F V Bauermann
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States of America
| | - J F Ridpath
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, United States of America.
| | - R Weiblen
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - E F Flores
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Monteiro FL, Cargnelutti JF, Martins M, Anziliero D, Erhardt MM, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Detection of respiratory viruses in shelter dogs maintained under varying environmental conditions. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:876-881. [PMID: 27522932 PMCID: PMC5052379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Three dog shelters in Rio Grande do Sul were investigated for associations between the occurrence of respiratory viruses and shelter environmental conditions. Nasal secretions randomly collected during the cold season were tested via PCR, and this data collection was followed by nucleotide sequencing of the amplicons. In shelter #1 (poor sanitary and nutritional conditions, high animal density and constant contact between dogs), 78% (58/74) of the nasal samples were positive, 35% (26/74) of which were in single infections and 44% (32/74) of which were in coinfections. Shelters #2 and #3 had satisfactory sanitary and nutritional conditions, outdoors exercise areas (#2) and animal clustering by groups (#3). In shelter #2, 9% (3/35) of the samples were positive for Canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV), and 6% (2/35) were positive for Canid herpesvirus 1 (CaHV-1). In shelter #3, 9% (7/77) of the samples were positive for Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAdV-2), and 1% (1/77) were positive for Canine distemper virus (CDV). The amplicon sequences (CPIV and CDV nucleoprotein gene; CAdV-2 E3 gene; CaHV-1 glycoprotein B gene) showed 94-100% nucleotide identity with GenBank sequences. Our results demonstrate that CPIV, CAdV-2 and CDV are common in dog shelters and that their frequencies appear to be related with environmental and nutritional conditions. These results indicate the need for control/prevention measures, including vaccination and environmental management, to minimize these infections and improve dog health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francielle Liz Monteiro
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Setor de Virologia Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Setor de Virologia Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mathias Martins
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Setor de Virologia Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Deniz Anziliero
- Faculdade Meridional (IMED), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Magnólia Martins Erhardt
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Setor de Virologia Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rudi Weiblen
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Setor de Virologia Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Setor de Virologia Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Flores EF, Weiblen R, Cargnelutti JF, Bauermann FV, Spilki FR, Mori E, Franco AC. Emerging animal viruses: real threats or simple bystanders? Pesq Vet Bras 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2013001000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The list of animal viruses has been frequently added of new members raising permanent concerns to virologists and veterinarians. The pathogenic potential and association with disease have been clearly demonstrated for some, but not for all of these emerging viruses. This review describes recent discoveries of animal viruses and their potential relevance for veterinary practice. Dogs were considered refractory to influenza viruses until 2004, when an influenza A virus subtype H3N8 was transmitted from horses and produced severe respiratory disease in racing greyhounds in Florida/USA. The novel virus, named canine influenza virus (CIV), is considered now a separate virus lineage and has spread among urban canine population in the USA. A new pestivirus (Flaviviridae), tentatively called HoBi-like pestivirus, was identified in 2004 in commercial fetal bovine serum from Brazil. Hobi-like viruses are genetically and antigenically related to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and induce similar clinical manifestations. These novel viruses seem to be widespread in Brazilian herds and have also been detected in Southeast Asia and Europe. In 2011, a novel mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus, named Schmallenberg virus (SBV), was associated with fever, drop in milk production, abortion and newborn malformation in cattle and sheep in Germany. Subsequently, the virus disseminated over several European countries and currently represents a real treat for animal health. The origin of SBV is still a matter of debate but it may be a reassortant from previous known bunyaviruses Shamonda and Satuperi. Hepatitis E virus (HEV, family Hepeviridae) is a long known agent of human acute hepatitis and in 1997 was first identified in pigs. Current data indicates that swine HEV is spread worldwide, mainly associated with subclinical infection. Two of the four HEV genotypes are zoonotic and may be transmitted between swine and human by contaminated water and undercooked pork meat. The current distribution and impact of HEV infection in swine production are largely unknown. Avian gyrovirus type 2 (AGV2) is a newly described Gyrovirus, family Circoviridae, which was unexpectedly found in sera of poultry suspected to be infected with chicken anemia virus (CAV). AGV2 is closely related to CAV but displays sufficient genomic differences to be classified as a distinct species. AGV2 seems to be distributed in Brazil and also in other countries but its pathogenic role for chickens is still under investigation. Finally, the long time and intensive search for animal relatives of human hepatitis C virus (HCV) has led to the identification of novel hepaciviruses in dogs (canine hepacivirus [CHV]), horses (non-primate hepaciviruses [NPHV] or Theiler's disease associated virus [TDAV]) and rodents. For these, a clear and definitive association with disease is still lacking and only time and investigation will tell whether they are real disease agents or simple spectators.
Collapse
|
41
|
Cargnelutti JF, Schmidt C, Masuda EK, Nogueira PRK, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Vaccinia viruses isolated from skin infection in horses produced cutaneous and systemic disease in experimentally infected rabbits. Res Vet Sci 2012; 93:1070-5. [PMID: 22244689 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The susceptibility of rabbits to two isolates of Vaccinia virus (VACV) recovered from cutaneous disease in horses in Southern Brazil was investigated. Rabbits were inoculated in the ear skin with both VACV isolates, either in single or mixed infection. All inoculated animals presented local skin lesions characterized by hyperaemia, papules, vesicles, pustules and ulcers. Infectious virus was detected in the lungs and intestine of rabbits that died during acute disease. Histological examination of the skin revealed changes characteristic of those associated with members of the genus Orthopoxvirus. These results demonstrate that rabbits develop skin disease accompanied by systemic signs upon intradermal inoculation of these two equine VACV isolates, either alone or in combination, opening the way for using rabbits to study selected aspects of the biology and pathogenesis of VACV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Schmidt C, Cargnelutti JF, Martins M, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Vacina experimental produzida em cultivo celular confere proteção parcial contra o ectima contagioso em ovinos. Pesq Vet Bras 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2012000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
O ectima contagioso (também conhecido como orf), é uma doença debilitante de ovinos e caprinos causada pelo vírus do orf (ORFV). A vacinação tem sido usada com relativo sucesso no controle da doença. No entanto, as vacinas atuais contêm amostras virulentas do agente, são produzidas por escarificação cutânea de animais, e apresentam eficácia questionável. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo produzir e testar a eficácia de uma vacina experimental produzida em cultivo celular. A cepa IA-82 do ORFV foi submetida a 21 passagens em cultivo de células BHK-21 e usada para vacinar ovinos jovens (n=30), por escarificação cutânea na face interna da coxa. A vacinação produziu pústulas e crostas em 16 dos 30 ovinos vacinados, indicando imunização adequada. Noventa dias após a vacinação, ovinos vacinados (n=16) e controles (n=16) foram inoculados com uma cepa virulenta do ORFV (10(6,9)DICC50/mL) após escarificação na comissura labial. Todos os animais desenvolveram lesões típicas de ectima, incluindo hiperemia, vesículas, pústulas e crostas. No entanto, os animais vacinados desenvolveram lesões mais leves e passageiras do que os controles, e os escores clínicos foram estatisticamente diferentes (p<0,05) entre os dias 10 e 22 pós-desafio. Além disso, o tempo de duração da doença foi significativamente inferior (p<0,05) nos animais vacinados. Os animais vacinados também excretaram menor quantidade de vírus (p<0,05) e por um período significativamente mais curto do que os controles (13 dias versus 22 dias, p<0,001). Esses resultados demonstram a proteção parcial conferida pela vacina experimental e, dependendo da melhoria dos índices de imunização e proteção, são promissores no sentido da utilização de vacinas contra o ORFV produzidas em cultivo celular.
Collapse
|
43
|
Cargnelutti JF, Brum MCS, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Stable expression and potential use of west nile virus envelope glycoproteins preM/E as antigen in diagnostic tests. Braz J Microbiol 2011; 42:1161-6. [PMID: 24031737 PMCID: PMC3768760 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220110003000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) envelope glycoproteins preM/E were stably expressed in baby hamster kidney cells and tested as antigen in a fluorescent antibody assay for WNV antibodies. Sera from horses, mice and chicken immunized with an inactivated WNV vaccine and, less consistently, sera from horses acutely infected with WNV, reacted specifically with viral antigens present in preM/E-expressing cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria, RS , Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cargnelutti JF, Brum MCS, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Stable expression and potential use of West Nile virus envelope glycoproteins preM/E as antigen in diagnostic tests. Braz J Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822011000300040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
45
|
Cargnelutti JF, Masuda EK, Martins M, Diel DG, Rock DL, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Virological and clinico-pathological features of orf virus infection in experimentally infected rabbits and mice. Microb Pathog 2010; 50:56-62. [PMID: 20833245 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Many aspects of the biology of orf virus (ORFV) infection remain poorly understood and attempts to establish animal models have yielded conflicting and non-reproducible results. We herein describe the characterization of ORFV infection and disease in rabbits and mice. A protocol of intradermal inoculation was employed to inoculate 10(8.5)TCID₅₀/mL of ORFV strain IA-82 in the skin of ears, of the back and labial commissures. All inoculated rabbits presented a clinical course characterized by erythema, macules, papules/vesicles or pustules that eventually dried originating scabs. Local signs started around days 3 and 4 post-inoculation (pi) and lasted 3-10 days. Virus was recovered from lesions between days 2 and 14pi. Histological examination of lesions revealed focal proliferative dermatitis with ballooning degeneration and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in keratinocytes, histological hallmarks of contagious ecthyma in sheep. A similar, albeit milder clinical course occurred in 5/10 inoculated mice; virus was recovered from lesions from three animals. Inoculated lambs - used as controls - developed severe lesions of contagious ecthyma. VN tests performed at day 28pi failed to detect neutralizing antibodies in all inoculated animals. In contrast, convalescent rabbit sera were positive by ELISA at dilutions from 100 to 400. These results show that rabbits are susceptible to ORFV infection and thus may be used to study selected aspects of ORFV biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Cargnelutti
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n(o) 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Torres FD, Cargnelutti JF, Masuda EK, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Acute and latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type 2 in a guinea pig model. Microb Pathog 2009; 48:69-73. [PMID: 19931373 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpetic mammillits is a self-limiting cutaneous disease of the udder and teats of cows associated with bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2) whose pathogenesis is poorly understood. This article describes the use of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) to study the pathogenesis of BoHV-2 infection. Twelve weanling female guinea pigs inoculated subcutaneously with BoHV-2 in the genitalia and teats developed local hyperemia, edema, vesicles, ulcers and scabs. Infectious virus was recovered between days 3 and 7 post-infection (pi) from the genital area (9/12) and teats (1/12); and all inoculated animals seroconverted (virus-neutralizing titers of 16-128). Histological examination of lesions revealed lymphoplasmacytic perivascular infiltrates and intranuclear inclusion bodies in keratinocytes. PCR examination of tissues collected at day 35 pi detected latent viral DNA predominantly in lumbosacral spinal segments. In another experiment, eight females inoculated with BoHV-2 in the genitalia and treated with dexamethasone (Dx) at day 35 pi developed mild to moderate local signs, yet no virus could be recovered from lesions. PCR examination of spinal segments from these animals confirmed the presence of latent viral DNA. These results demonstrate that guinea pigs are susceptible to BoHV-2 infection and therefore may be used to study selected aspects of BoHV-2 biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Dias Torres
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|