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Bernardi F, Ungaro F, D’Amico F, Zilli A, Parigi TL, Massimino L, Allocca M, Danese S, Furfaro F. The Role of Viruses in the Pathogenesis of Immune-Mediated Gastro-Intestinal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8301. [PMID: 39125870 PMCID: PMC11313478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, including achalasia, celiac disease, and inflammatory bowel diseases, pose significant challenges in diagnosis and management due to their complex etiology and diverse clinical manifestations. While genetic predispositions and environmental factors have been extensively studied in the context of these conditions, the role of viral infections and virome dysbiosis remains a subject of growing interest. This review aims to elucidate the involvement of viral infections in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated GI diseases, focusing on achalasia and celiac disease, as well as the virome dysbiosis in IBD. Recent evidence suggests that viral pathogens, ranging from common respiratory viruses to enteroviruses and herpesviruses, may trigger or exacerbate achalasia and celiac disease by disrupting immune homeostasis in the GI tract. Furthermore, alterations in the microbiota and, specifically, in the virome composition and viral-host interactions have been implicated in perpetuating chronic intestinal inflammation in IBD. By synthesizing current knowledge on viral contributions to immune-mediated GI diseases, this review aims to provide insights into the complex interplay between viral infections, host genetics, and virome dysbiosis, shedding light on novel therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating the burden of these debilitating conditions on patients' health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bernardi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Ferdinando D’Amico
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Alessandra Zilli
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Tommaso Lorenzo Parigi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Luca Massimino
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Mariangela Allocca
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Furfaro
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (F.U.); (F.D.); (A.Z.); (T.L.P.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (S.D.)
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Chin KW, Khoo SC, Paul RPM, Luang-In V, Lam SD, Ma NL. Potential of Synbiotics and Probiotics as Chemopreventive Agent. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10299-z. [PMID: 38896220 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global problem, with millions of new cases diagnosed yearly and countless lives lost. The financial burden of cancer therapy, along with worries about the long-term safety of existing medicines, necessitates the investigation of alternative approaches to cancer prevention. Probiotics generate chemopreventive compounds such as bacteriocins, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which have demonstrated the ability to impede cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and bolster the expression of pro-apoptotic genes. On the other hand, prebiotics, classified as non-digestible food ingredients, promote the proliferation of probiotics within the colon, thereby ensuring sustained functionality of the gut microbiota. Consequently, the synergistic effect of combining prebiotics with probiotics, known as the synbiotic effect, in dietary interventions holds promise for potentially mitigating cancer risk and augmenting preventive measures. The utilization of gut microbiota in cancer treatment has shown promise in alleviating adverse health effects. This review explored the potential and the role of probiotics and synbiotics in enhancing health and contributing to cancer prevention efforts. In this review, the applications of functional probiotics and synbiotics, the mechanisms of action of probiotics in cancer, and the relationship of probiotics with various drugs were discussed, shedding light on the potential of probiotics and synbiotics to alleviate the burdens of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Wei Chin
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Shing Ching Khoo
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Richard Paul Merisha Paul
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Vijitra Luang-In
- Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, 44150, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Su Datt Lam
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
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Campbell DE, Baldridge MT. A new piece of the microbiota pie: Mining 'omics for DNA inversion states. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:293-295. [PMID: 38484706 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Carasso et al. survey invertible DNA sites in Bacteroidales from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy control individuals. They identify complex functional interactions between Bacteroides fragilis, an invertible promoter, a capsular polysaccharide, a bacteriophage, and the human host. The establishment of 'omics approaches to characterizing genomic targets and functional roles is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Campbell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Megan T Baldridge
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Carasso S, Zaatry R, Hajjo H, Kadosh-Kariti D, Ben-Assa N, Naddaf R, Mandelbaum N, Pressman S, Chowers Y, Gefen T, Jeffrey KL, Jofre J, Coyne MJ, Comstock LE, Sharon I, Geva-Zatorsky N. Inflammation and bacteriophages affect DNA inversion states and functionality of the gut microbiota. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:322-334.e9. [PMID: 38423015 PMCID: PMC10939037 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Reversible genomic DNA inversions control the expression of numerous gut bacterial molecules, but how this impacts disease remains uncertain. By analyzing metagenomic samples from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohorts, we identified multiple invertible regions where a particular orientation correlated with disease. These include the promoter of polysaccharide A (PSA) of Bacteroides fragilis, which induces regulatory T cells (Tregs) and ameliorates experimental colitis. The PSA promoter was mostly oriented "OFF" in IBD patients, which correlated with increased B. fragilis-associated bacteriophages. Similarly, in mice colonized with a healthy human microbiota and B. fragilis, induction of colitis caused a decline of PSA in the "ON" orientation that reversed as inflammation resolved. Monocolonization of mice with B. fragilis revealed that bacteriophage infection increased the frequency of PSA in the "OFF" orientation, causing reduced PSA expression and decreased Treg cells. Altogether, we reveal dynamic bacterial phase variations driven by bacteriophages and host inflammation, signifying bacterial functional plasticity during disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqed Carasso
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Rawan Zaatry
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Haitham Hajjo
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dana Kadosh-Kariti
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Nadav Ben-Assa
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Rawi Naddaf
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Noa Mandelbaum
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Sigal Pressman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel; Clinical Research Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel
| | - Yehuda Chowers
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel; Clinical Research Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel; Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Tal Gefen
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Kate L Jeffrey
- Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juan Jofre
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael J Coyne
- Duchossois Family Institute and Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laurie E Comstock
- Duchossois Family Institute and Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Itai Sharon
- Migal-Galilee Research Institute, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel-Hai Academic College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel
| | - Naama Geva-Zatorsky
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (RTICC), Haifa 32000, Israel; CIFAR, MaRS Centre, West Tower 661, Suite 505, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada.
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Xu ZY, Wang JC. LACC1 regulates changes in the intestinal flora in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37848840 PMCID: PMC10580640 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism whereby LACC1 regulates the intestinal flora in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS C57BL/6 and Lacc1-/- mice were used to establish a mouse model of IBD induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The effects of Lacc1 deletion in mice were evaluated. Changes in the body weight and stool blood were recorded daily. After 7 days of successful modeling, the mice were sacrificed, blood was collected from the eyeballs, the entire colon was dissected and separated, and the length of the colon was measured. RESULTS Compared with the wild-type (WT) DSS model group, the Lacc1-/- DSS model group showed a significantly higher disease activity index score (P < 0.05), significantly faster weight loss (P < 0.05), and a significantly shorter colon (P < 0.05), indicating that the colonic mucosal tissue was seriously damaged in the Lacc1-/- DSS model group (P < 0.05). Serum IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in the Lacc1-/- DSS model group than the WT DSS model group. Principal coordinate analysis showed that there were significant microbiome differences between the WT, Lacc1-/-, WT DSS model, and Lacc1-/- DSS model groups (P < 0.05). Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed that under natural conditions, Lacc1-/- mice had significant changes in their intestinal flora compared with control mice (LDA value > 3 or < 3, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lacc1 deletion aggravates DSS-induced IBD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.9, Yingbin Avenue, Shuyang County, Suqian, 223600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.9, Yingbin Avenue, Shuyang County, Suqian, 223600, Jiangsu, China.
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Dehghani T, Gholizadeh O, Daneshvar M, Nemati MM, Akbarzadeh S, Amini P, Afkhami H, Kohansal M, Javanmard Z, Poortahmasebi V. Association Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Viral Infections. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:195. [PMID: 37106245 PMCID: PMC10139670 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are known as inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD). Patients with inflammatory bowel illnesses are more susceptible to viral infections. In people with IBD, viral infections have emerged as a significant issue. Viral infections are often difficult to identify and have a high morbidity and fatality rate. We reviewed studies on viral infections and IBD, concentrating on Cytomegalovirus (CMV), SARS-CoV-2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), enteric viruses, and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Also, the effect of IBD on these viral infections is discussed. These data suggest that patients with IBD are more likely to get viral infections. As a result, practitioners should be aware of the increased risk of viral infections in inflammatory bowel disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Dehghani
- Internal Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Omid Gholizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mahdi Nemati
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sama Akbarzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parya Amini
- Faculty of Medicine, Yasouj University of Medical Sciences, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Kohansal
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Zahra Javanmard
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahdat Poortahmasebi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ma T, Yang N, Xie Y, Li Y, Xiao Q, Li Q, Jin H, Zheng L, Sun Z, Zuo K, Kwok LY, Zhang H, Lu N, Liu W. Effect of the probiotic strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P9, on chronic constipation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106755. [PMID: 37019193 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic constipation (CC) is a common gastrointestinal condition associated with intestinal inflammation, and the condition considerably impairs patients' quality of life. We conducted a large-scale 42-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the effect of probiotics in alleviating CC. 163 patients diagnosed with CC (following Rome IV criteria) were randomly divided into probiotic (n = 78; received Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P9 [P9]; 1×1011 CFU/day) and placebo (n = 85; received placebo material) groups. Ingesting P9 significantly improved the weekly mean frequency of complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) and spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs), while significantly reducing the level of worries and concerns (WO; P < 0.05). Comparing with the placebo group, P9 group was significantly enriched in potentially beneficial bacteria (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Ruminococcus_B gnavus), while depriving of several bacterial and phage taxa (Oscillospiraceae sp., Lachnospiraceae sp., and Herelleviridae; P < 0.05). Interesting significant correlations were also observed between some clinical parameters and subjects' gut microbiome, including: negative correlation between Oscillospiraceae sp. and SBMs; positive correlation between WO and Oscillospiraceae sp., Lachnospiraceae sp. Additionally, P9 group had significantly (P < 0.05) more predicted gut microbial bioactive potential involved in the metabolism of amino acids (L-asparagine, L-pipecolinic), short-/medium-chain fatty acids (valeric acid and caprylic acid). Furthermore, several metabolites (p-cresol, methylamine, trimethylamine) related to the intestinal barrier and transit decreased significantly after P9 administration (P < 0.05). In short, the constipation relief effect of P9 intervention was accompanied by desirable changes in the fecal metagenome and metabolome. Our findings support the notion of applying probiotics in managing CC.
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Microbiome-phage interactions in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022:S1198-743X(22)00506-7. [PMID: 36191844 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) constitute a group of auto-inflammatory disorders impacting the gastrointestinal tract and other systemic organs. The gut microbiome contributes to IBD pathology through multiple mechanisms. Bacteriophages (hence termed phages) are viruses that are able to specifically infect bacteria. Considered as part of the gut microbiome, phages may impact bacterial community structure in various clinical contexts. Additionally, exogenous phage administration may represent a means of suppressing IBD-associated pathobionts, yet utilization of phage therapy remains at an early developmental phase. OBJECTIVES Herein, we summarize the latest advances in understanding endogenous phage impacts on the gut microbiome in health and in IBD. We highlight the prospect of phage utilization as a targeted mode of pathobiont eradication, in preventing and treating IBD manifestations and complications. SOURCES Selected peer-reviewed publications regarding the role of phages in health and in IBD, published between 2013 and 2022. CONTENT The human gut microbiome is increasingly suggested to play a significant role in the onset and progression of multiple non-communicable diseases such as IBD. Several studies suggest that this effect may be mediated by discrete disease-contributing commensals. However, eradication of such pathogenic bacteria remains a daunting unmet task. Altered community structure in IBD may be influenced by blooms of phages within the gut bacterial ecosystem. Moreover, combinations of phages specifically targeting disease-contributing pathobiont strain clades may be harnessed as potential eradication treatment preventing and treating IBD, while bearing minimal adverse impacts on the surrounding bacterial microbiome. IMPLICATIONS Understanding endogenous phage-gut commensal interactions in health and in IBD may enable phage utilization in precision gut microbiome editing, towards treating IBD and other non-communicable microbiome-associated diseases. Nevertheless, developing phage combination-mediated IBD pathobiont eradication treatment modalities will likely necessitate better strain-level bacterial target identification and resolution of treatment-related challenges, such as phage delivery, off-target effects, and bacterial resistance.
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Štofilová J, Kvaková M, Kamlárová A, Hijová E, Bertková I, Guľašová Z. Probiotic-Based Intervention in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: Conventional and New Approaches. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2236. [PMID: 36140337 PMCID: PMC9496552 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are number of available therapies for ulcerative colitis (UC), many patients are unresponsive to these treatments or experience secondary failure during treatment. Thus, the development of new therapies or alternative strategies with minimal side effects is inevitable. Strategies targeting dysbiosis of gut microbiota have been tested in the management of UC due to the unquestionable role of gut microbiota in the etiology of UC. Advanced molecular analyses of gut microbiomes revealed evident dysbiosis in UC patients, characterized by a reduced biodiversity of commensal microbiota. Administration of conventional probiotic strains is a commonly applied approach in the management of the disease to modify the gut microbiome, improve intestinal barrier integrity and function, and maintain a balanced immune response. However, conventional probiotics do not always provide the expected health benefits to a patient. Their benefits vary significantly, depending on the type and stage of the disease and the strain and dose of the probiotics administered. Their mechanism of action is also strain-dependent. Recently, new candidates for potential next-generation probiotics have been discovered. This could bring to light new approaches in the restoration of microbiome homeostasis and in UC treatment in a targeted manner. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated review on the current options of probiotic-based therapies, highlight the effective conventional probiotic strains, and outline the future possibilities of next-generation probiotic and postbiotic supplementation and fecal microbiota transplantation in the management of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Štofilová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
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Li Q, Zhou S, Wang Y, Cong J. Changes of intestinal microbiota and microbiota-based treatments in IBD. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:442. [PMID: 35776212 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has gained increasing attention from researchers in terms of its pathophysiology as a global disease with a growing incidence. Although the exact etiology of IBD is still unknown currently, various studies have made us realize that it is related to the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and the link between the two may not just be a simple causal relationship, but also a dynamic and complicated one. The intestinal microbiota has been confirmed to be closely related to the occurrence, development, and treatment of IBD. Therefore, this review focuses on the changes in the structure, function, and metabolites of intestinal bacteria, fungi, and viruses in influencing IBD, as well as various approaches to IBD treatment by changing disordered intestinal microbiota. Ultimately, more clinical studies will be needed to focus on the efficacy of intestinal microbiota-based treatments in IBD, because of the existence of both advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Li
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Zhou
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanna Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Cong
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China.
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Inczefi O, Bacsur P, Resál T, Keresztes C, Molnár T. The Influence of Nutrition on Intestinal Permeability and the Microbiome in Health and Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:718710. [PMID: 35548572 PMCID: PMC9082752 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.718710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The leakage of the intestinal barrier and the disruption of the gut microbiome are increasingly recognized as key factors in different pathophysiological conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic liver diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, types of cancer, and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, the mechanisms leading to dysbiosis and "leaky gut" are reviewed, and a short summary of the current knowledge regarding different diseases is provided. The simplest way to restore intestinal permeability and the microbiota could be ideal nutrition. Further therapeutic options are also available, such as the administration of probiotics or postbiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Inczefi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Bacsur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Resál
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csilla Keresztes
- Department for Medical Communication and Translation Studies, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Molnár
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,*Correspondence: Tamás Molnár,
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El Haddad L, Mendoza JF, Jobin C. Bacteriophage-mediated manipulations of microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1055427. [PMID: 36466675 PMCID: PMC9714271 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1055427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although some gastrointestinal diseases could be managed using various antibiotics regimen, this therapeutic approach lacks precision and damages the microbiota. Emerging literature suggests that phages may play a key role in restoring the gut microbiome balance and controlling disease progression either with exogenous phage intervention or filtered fecal transplantation or even engineered phages. In this review, we will discuss the current phage applications aiming at controlling the bacterial population and preventing infection, inflammation, and cancer progression in the context of gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn El Haddad
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jesus F Mendoza
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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13
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Qv L, Mao S, Li Y, Zhang J, Li L. Roles of Gut Bacteriophages in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:755650. [PMID: 34900751 PMCID: PMC8656360 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.755650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic, relapsing intestinal inflammatory disorders. Although the molecular mechanisms governing the pathogenesis of IBD are not completely clear, the main factors are presumed to be a complex interaction between genetic predisposition, host immune response and environmental exposure, especially the intestinal microbiome. Currently, most studies have focused on the role of gut bacteria in the onset and development of IBD, whereas little attention has been paid to the enteroviruses. Among of them, viruses that infect prokaryotes, called bacteriophages (phages) occupy the majority (90%) in population. Moreover, several recent studies have reported the capability of regulating the bacterial population in the gut, and the direct and indirect influence on host immune response. The present review highlights the roles of gut phages in IBD pathogenesis and explores the potentiality of phages as a therapeutic target for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Qv
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sunbing Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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