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Farazin A, Mahjoubi S. Dual-functional Hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone regeneration and precision drug delivery. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 157:106661. [PMID: 39018918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Addressing infected bone defects remains a significant challenge in orthopedics, requiring effective infection control and bone defect repair. A promising therapeutic approach involves the development of dual-functional engineered biomaterials with drug delivery systems that combine antibacterial properties with osteogenesis promotion. The Hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds offer a one-stage treatment, eliminating the need for multiple surgeries and thereby streamlining the process and reducing treatment time. This review delves into the impaired bone repair mechanisms within pathogen-infected and inflamed microenvironments, providing a theoretical foundation for treating infectious bone defects. Additionally, it explores composite scaffolds made of antibacterial and osteogenic materials, along with advanced drug delivery systems that possess both antibacterial and bone-regenerative properties. By offering a comprehensive understanding of the microenvironment of infectious bone defects and innovative design strategies for dual-function scaffolds, this review presents significant advancements in treatment methods for infectious bone defects. Continued research and clinical validation are essential to refine these innovations, ensuring biocompatibility and safety, achieving controlled release and stability, and developing scalable manufacturing processes for widespread clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Farazin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, United States
| | - Soroush Mahjoubi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
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2
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Spece H, Khachatryan A, Phillips FM, Lanman TH, Andersson GBJ, Garrigues GE, Bae H, Jacobs JJ, Kurtz SM. Clinical management of bone loss in cervical total disc arthroplasty: literature review and treatment recommendations. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 33:2969-2981. [PMID: 39009847 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-024-08407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cervical total disc replacement (cTDR) has been established as an alternative treatment for degenerative cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. While the rate of complications for cTDR is reasonably low, recent studies have focused on bone loss after cTDR. The purpose of this work is to develop a clinical management plan for cTDR patients with evidence of bone loss. To guide our recommendations, we undertook a review of the literature and aimed to determine: (1) how bone loss was identified/imaged, (2) whether pre- or intraoperative assessments of infection or histology were performed, and (3) what decision-making and revision strategies were employed. METHODS We performed a search of the literature according to PRISMA guidelines. Included studies reported the clinical performance of cTDR and identified instances of cervical bone loss. RESULTS Eleven case studies and 20 cohort studies were reviewed, representing 2073 patients with 821 reported cases of bone loss. Bone loss was typically identified on radiographs during routine follow-up or by computed tomography (CT) for patients presenting with symptoms. Assessments of infection as well as histological and/or explant assessment were sporadically reported. Across all reviewed studies, multiple mechanisms of bone loss were suspected, and severity and progression varied greatly. Many patients were reportedly asymptomatic, but others experienced symptoms like progressive pain and paresthesia. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate a critical gap in the literature regarding the optimal management of patients with bone loss following cTDR, and treatment recommendations based on our review are impractical given the limited amount and quality evidence available. However, based on the authors' extensive clinical experience, close follow-up of specific radiographic observations and serial radiographs to assess the progression/severity of bone loss and implant changes are recommended. CT findings can be used for clinical decision-making and further follow-up care. The pattern and rate of progression of bone loss, in concert with patient symptomatology, should determine whether non-operative or surgical intervention is indicated. Future studies involving implant retrieval, histopathological, and microbiological analysis for patients undergoing cTDR revision for bone loss are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Spece
- Implant Research Core, School of Biomedical Science, Engineering, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | | | - Frank M Phillips
- Division of Spine Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hyun Bae
- Cedars-Sinai Spine Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua J Jacobs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven M Kurtz
- Implant Research Core, School of Biomedical Science, Engineering, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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3
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Miao M, Li M, Sheng Y, Tong P, Zhang Y, Shou D. Epimedium-Curculigo herb pair enhances bone repair with infected bone defects and regulates osteoblasts through LncRNA MALAT1/miR-34a-5p/SMAD2 axis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18527. [PMID: 38984969 PMCID: PMC11234645 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Infected bone defects (IBDs) are the common condition in the clinical practice of orthopaedics. Although surgery and anti-infective medicine are the firstly chosen treatments, in many cases, patients experience a prolonged bone union process after anti-infective treatment. Epimedium-Curculigo herb pair (ECP) has been proved to be effective for bone repair. However, the mechanisms of ECP in IBDs are insufficiency. In this study, Effect of ECP in IBDs was verified by micro-CT and histological examination. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the main components in ECP containing medicated serum (ECP-CS) were performed. The network pharmacological approaches were then applied to predict potential pathways for ECP associated with bone repair. In addition, the mechanism of ECP regulating LncRNA MALAT1/miRNA-34a-5p/SMAD2 signalling axis was evaluated by molecular biology experiments. In vivo experiments indicated that ECP could significantly promote bone repair. The results of the chemical components analysis and the pathway identification revealed that TGF-β signalling pathway was related to ECP. The results of in vitro experiments indicated that ECP-CS could reverse the damage caused by LPS through inhibiting the expressions of LncRNA MALAT1 and SMAD2, and improving the expressions of miR-34a-5p, ALP, RUNX2 and Collagen type І in osteoblasts significantly. This research showed that ECP could regulate the TGF-β/SMADs signalling pathway to promote bone repair. Meanwhile, ECP could alleviate LPS-induced bone loss by modulating the signalling axis of LncRNA MALAT1/miRNA-34a-5p/ SMAD2 in IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maomao Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Mengying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yunjie Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Peijian Tong
- Institute of Orthopeadics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of Orthopeadics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
| | - Dan Shou
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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Ritschl L, Schilling P, Wittmer A, Serr A, Schmal H, Seidenstuecker M. Dual release of daptomycin and BMP-2 from a composite of β-TCP ceramic and ADA gelatin. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:38. [PMID: 38831403 PMCID: PMC11149308 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic-containing carrier systems are one option that offers the advantage of releasing active ingredients over a longer period of time. In vitro sustained drug release from a carrier system consisting of microporous β-TCP ceramic and alginate has been reported in previous works. Alginate dialdehyde (ADA) gelatin gel showed both better mechanical properties when loaded into a β-TCP ceramic and higher biodegradability than pure alginate. METHODS Dual release of daptomycin and BMP-2 was measured on days 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 14, 21, and 28 by HPLC and ELISA. After release, the microbial efficacy of the daptomycin was verified and the biocompatibility of the composite was tested in cell culture. RESULTS Daptomycin and the model compound FITC protein A (n = 30) were released from the composite over 28 days. A Daptomycin release above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by day 9 and a burst release of 71.7 ± 5.9% were observed in the loaded ceramics. Low concentrations of BMP-2 were released from the loaded ceramics over 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ritschl
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center- Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pia Schilling
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center- Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annette Wittmer
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hermann- Herder-Straße 11, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annerose Serr
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hermann- Herder-Straße 11, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidenstuecker
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center- Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Wagener N, Pumberger M, Hardt S. Impact of fixation method on femoral bone loss: a retrospective evaluation of stem loosening in first-time revision total hip arthroplasty among two hundred and fifty five patients. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2024:10.1007/s00264-024-06230-4. [PMID: 38822836 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-024-06230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Implant loosening represent the most common indication for stem revision in hip revision arthroplasty. This study compares femoral bone loss and the risk of initial revisions between cemented and uncemented loosened primary stems, investigating the impact of fixation method at primary implantation on femoral bone defects. METHODS This retrospective study reviewed 255 patients who underwent their first revision for stem loosening from 2010 to 2022, receiving either cemented or uncemented stem implants. Femoral bone loss was preoperatively measured using the Paprosky classification through radiographic evaluations. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated the survival probability of the original stem, and the hazard ratio assessed the relative risk of revision for uncemented versus cemented stems in the first postoperative year and the following two to ten years. RESULTS Cemented stems showed a higher prevalence of significant bone loss (type 3b and 4 defects: 32.39% vs. 2.72%, p < .001) compared to uncemented stems, which more commonly had type 1 and 2 defects (82.07% vs. 47.89%, p < .001). In our analysis of revision cases, primary uncemented stems demonstrated a 20% lower incidence of stem loosening in the first year post-implantation compared to cemented stems (HR 0.8; 95%-CI 0.3-2.0). However, the incidence in uncemented stems increased by 20% during the subsequent years two to ten (HR 1.2; 95%-CI 0.7-1.8). Septic loosening was more common in cemented stems (28.17% vs. 10.87% in uncemented stems, p = .001). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated a modestly longer revision-free period for cemented stems within the first ten years post-implantation (p < .022). CONCLUSION During first-time revision, cemented stems show significantly larger femoral bone defects than uncemented stems. Septic stem loosening occurred 17.30% more in cemented stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Wagener
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthias Pumberger
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hardt
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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Zuo KJ, Leonard DA, Shores JT, Talbot SG. The Nuances of Hand Transplantation After Sepsis. Transplantation 2024; 108:319-322. [PMID: 37271881 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) of the upper extremity is an established restorative procedure for selected patients with acquired upper limb loss. The majority of upper limb VCAs performed worldwide have been for victims of various forms of trauma. However, in the developed world, amputation following severe sepsis seems to be an increasingly common indication for referral to hand transplant programs. Unlike trauma patients with isolated limb injuries, patients with amputations as a complication of sepsis have survived through a state of global tissue hypoperfusion and multisystem organ failure with severe, enduring effects on the entire body's physiology. This article reviews the unique considerations for VCA candidacy in postsepsis patients with upper limb amputation. These insights may also be relevant to postsepsis patients undergoing other forms of transplantation or to VCA patients requiring additional future solid organ transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Zuo
- Division of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David A Leonard
- Hand Transplant UK, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jaimie T Shores
- Hand/Arm Transplant Program, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Simon G Talbot
- Upper Extremity Transplant Program, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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Skosana P, Mudenda S, Demana PH, Witika BA. Exploring Nanotechnology as a Strategy to Circumvent Antimicrobial Resistance in Bone and Joint Infections. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15865-15882. [PMID: 37179611 PMCID: PMC10173345 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone and joint infections (BJIs) are difficult to treat, necessitating antimicrobial therapy at high doses for an extended period of time, in some cases different from our local guidelines. As a consequence of the rise in antimicrobial-resistant organisms, drugs that were previously reserved for last-line defense are now being used as first line treatment, and the pill burden and adverse effects on patients are leading to nonadherence, encouraging antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to these last-resort medicines. Nanodrug delivery is the field of pharmaceutical sciences and drug delivery which combines nanotechnology with chemotherapy and/or diagnostics to improve treatment and diagnostic outcomes by targeting specific cells or tissues affected. Delivery systems based on lipids, polymers, metals, and sugars have been used in an attempt to provide a way around AMR. This technology has the potential to improve drug delivery by targeting the site of infection and using the appropriate amount of antibiotics to treat BJIs caused by highly resistant organisms. This Review aims to provide an in-depth examination of various nanodrug delivery systems used to target the causative agents in BJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumzile
P. Skosana
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
| | - Steward Mudenda
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
| | - Patrick H. Demana
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
| | - Bwalya A. Witika
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
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8
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Shao M, Bigham A, Yousefiasl S, Yiu CKY, Girish YR, Ghomi M, Sharifi E, Sezen S, Nazarzadeh Zare E, Zarrabi A, Rabiee N, Paiva-Santos AC, Del Turco S, Guo B, Wang X, Mattoli V, Wu A. Recapitulating Antioxidant and Antibacterial Compounds into a Package for Tissue Regeneration: Dual Function Materials with Synergistic Effect. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207057. [PMID: 36775954 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage and infection can prevent or delay tissue repair. Moreover, infection reinforces reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, which makes the wound's condition even worse. Therefore, the need for antioxidant and antibacterial agents is felt for tissue regeneration. There are emerging up-and-coming biomaterials that recapitulate both properties into a package, offering an effective solution to turn the wound back into a healing state. In this article, the principles of antioxidant and antibacterial activity are summarized. The review starts with biological aspects, getting the readers to familiarize themselves with tissue barriers against infection. This is followed by the chemistry and mechanism of action of antioxidant and antibacterial materials (dual function). Eventually, the outlook and challenges are underlined to provide where the dual-function biomaterials are and where they are going in the future. It is expected that the present article inspires the designing of dual-function biomaterials to more advanced levels by providing the fundamentals and comparative points of view and paving the clinical way for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Shao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Satar Yousefiasl
- School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
| | - Cynthia K Y Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yarabahally R Girish
- Centre for Research and Innovations, School of Natural Sciences, BGSIT, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya District, Mandya, Karnataka, 571448, India
| | - Matineh Ghomi
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, 36716-45667, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
| | - Serap Sezen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | | | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Serena Del Turco
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interfaces, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Baolin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interfaces, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, P. R. China
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Fonseca Ó, Gomes MS, Amorim MA, Gomes AC. Cystic Fibrosis Bone Disease: The Interplay between CFTR Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030425. [PMID: 36979360 PMCID: PMC10046889 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a monogenic disease with a multisystemic phenotype, ranging from predisposition to chronic lung infection and inflammation to reduced bone mass. The exact mechanisms unbalancing the maintenance of an optimal bone mass in cystic fibrosis patients remain unknown. Multiple factors may contribute to severe bone mass reduction that, in turn, have devastating consequences in the patients' quality of life and longevity. Here, we will review the existing evidence linking the CFTR dysfunction and cell-intrinsic bone defects. Additionally, we will also address how the proinflammatory environment due to CFTR dysfunction in immune cells and chronic infection impairs the maintenance of an adequate bone mass in CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Fonseca
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instuto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4030-313 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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10
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METTL3 Regulates Osteoclast Biological Behaviors via iNOS/NO-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Inflammatory Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021403. [PMID: 36674918 PMCID: PMC9862541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive differentiation of osteoclasts contributes to the disruption of bone homeostasis in inflammatory bone diseases. Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), the core methyltransferase that installs an N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification on RNA, has been reported to participate in bone pathophysiology. However, whether METTL3-mediated m6A affects osteoclast differentiation in inflammatory conditions remains unelucidated. In this study, we observed that the total m6A content and METTL3 expression decreased during LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis. After knocking down METTL3, we found reduced levels of the number of osteoclasts, osteoclast-related gene expression and bone resorption area. A METTL3 deficiency increased osteoclast apoptosis and pro-apoptotic protein expression. RNA sequencing analysis showed that differentially expressed genes in METTL3-deficient cells were mainly associated with the mitochondrial function. The expression of the mitochondrial function-related genes, ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased after METTL3 knockdown. Moreover, the most obviously upregulated gene in RNA-Seq was Nos2, which encoded the iNOS protein to induce nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. METTL3 knockdown increased the levels of Nos2 mRNA, iNOS protein and NO content. NOS inhibitor L-NAME rescued the inhibited mitochondrial function and osteoclast formation while suppressing osteoclast apoptosis in METTL3-silenced cells. Mechanistically, a METTL3 deficiency promoted the stability and expression of Nos2 mRNA, and similar results were observed after m6A-binding protein YTHDF1 knockdown. Further in vivo evidence revealed that METTL3 knockdown attenuated the inflammatory osteolysis of the murine calvaria and suppressed osteoclast formation. In conclusion, these data suggested that METTL3 knockdown exacerbated iNOS/NO-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction by promoting a Nos2 mRNA stability in a YTHDF1-dependent manner and further inhibited osteoclast differentiation and increased osteoclast apoptosis in inflammatory conditions.
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11
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Lai C, Heinemann J, Schleicher U, Schett G, Bogdan C, Bozec A, Soulat D. Chronic Systemic Infection of Mice with Leishmania infantum Leads to Increased Bone Mass. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:86-102. [PMID: 36332102 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Vector-borne infections of humans with the protozoan parasite Leishmania (L.) infantum can cause a systemic and potentially lethal disease termed visceral leishmaniasis. In the corresponding mouse model, an intravenous infection with L. infantum leads to the persistence of parasites in various organs, including bone marrow (BM). Considering the anatomical proximity between the BM and the cortical bone, we investigated whether a chronic infection with L. infantum affected bone homeostasis. Unexpectedly, chronic infection with L. infantum caused an increase in bone mass in mice. In vivo, an increased number of osteoblasts and osteocytes and a decreased maturation of osteoclasts characterized the phenotype. Confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy confirmed the infection of BM macrophages but also revealed the presence of parasites in osteoclasts. In vitro, mature osteoclasts took up L. infantum parasites. However, infection of osteoclast progenitors abolished their differentiation and function. In addition, secretory products of infected BM-derived macrophages inhibited the maturation of osteoclasts. Both in vitro and in vivo, infected macrophages and osteoclasts showed an enhanced expression of the anti-osteoclastogenic chemokine CCL5 (RANTES). Neutralization of CCL5 prevented the inhibition of osteoclast generation seen in the presence of culture supernatants from L. infantum-infected macrophages. Altogether, our study shows that chronic infection with Leishmania increases bone mass by inducing bone formation and impairing osteoclast differentiation and function. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobo Lai
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Heinemann
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schleicher
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Didier Soulat
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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12
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Gomes AC, Sousa DM, Oliveira TC, Fonseca Ó, Pinto RJ, Silvério D, Fernandes AI, Moreira AC, Silva T, Teles MJ, Pereira L, Saraiva M, Lamghari M, Gomes MS. Serum amyloid A proteins reduce bone mass during mycobacterial infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168607. [PMID: 37153579 PMCID: PMC10161249 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteopenia has been associated to several inflammatory conditions, including mycobacterial infections. How mycobacteria cause bone loss remains elusive, but direct bone infection may not be required. Methods Genetically engineered mice and morphometric, transcriptomic, and functional analyses were used. Additionally, inflammatory mediators and bone turnover markers were measured in the serum of healthy controls, individuals with latent tuberculosis and patients with active tuberculosis. Results and discussion We found that infection with Mycobacterium avium impacts bone turnover by decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption, in an IFNγ- and TNFα-dependent manner. IFNγ produced during infection enhanced macrophage TNFα secretion, which in turn increased the production of serum amyloid A (SAA) 3. Saa3 expression was upregulated in the bone of both M. avium- and M. tuberculosis-infected mice and SAA1 and 2 proteins (that share a high homology with murine SAA3 protein) were increased in the serum of patients with active tuberculosis. Furthermore, the increased SAA levels seen in active tuberculosis patients correlated with altered serum bone turnover markers. Additionally, human SAA proteins impaired bone matrix deposition and increased osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Overall, we report a novel crosstalk between the cytokine-SAA network operating in macrophages and bone homeostasis. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of bone loss during infection and open the way to pharmacological intervention. Additionally, our data and disclose SAA proteins as potential biomarkers of bone loss during infection by mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Ana Cordeiro Gomes,
| | - Daniela Monteiro Sousa
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Óscar Fonseca
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Mestrado em Bioquímica Clínica, Universidade de Aveiro, , Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J. Pinto
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Silvério
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Fernandes
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Moreira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Silva
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Teles
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CHUSJ – Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, ISPUP - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pereira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Meriem Lamghari
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Liu Y, Zhao Q, Chen C, Wu C, Ma Y. β-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin composite scaffolds incorporated with gentamycin-loaded chitosan microspheres for infected bone defect treatment. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277522. [PMID: 36480529 PMCID: PMC9731412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of infected bone defects remains a clinical challenge. Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogenic micro-organism associated with such infections. Gentamycin (GM) is a broad spectrum antibiotic that can kill S. aureus in a dose-dependent manner. However, the systemic administration of antibiotics may lead to drug resistance and gut dysbiosis. In this work, we constructed β-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin composite scaffolds incorporated with gentamycin-loaded chitosan microspheres (CMs(GM)-β-TCP/gelatin composite scaffolds), which helped optimize the local GM release in the infected defect areas and enhance bone regeneration. The cumulative release curves showed that both microspheres and composite scaffolds reached a sustained slow-release phase after the initial rapid release, and the latter further stabilized the initial drug release rate. The release curve of CMs(GM)-β-TCP/gelatin composite scaffolds reached a plateau after 24 h, and the cumulative release reached 41.86% during this period. Moreover, the combination of β-TCP and gelatin mimicked bone composition and were able to provide the requisite mechanical strength (0.82 ± 0.05 MPa) during the first phase of bone generation. The inner structure of the scaffold was arranged in the shape of interconnected pores, and presented a porosity level of 16%. The apertures were uniform in size, which was beneficial for cell proliferation and material transportation. Macroscopic observation and histological analysis showed that CMs(GM)-β-TCP/gelatin composite scaffolds fused with bone tissues, and new tissues were formed in defect areas without any infection. This new composite scaffold may be a promising repair material for treating infected bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Zhejiang People’s Armed Police (PAP), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changsong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Zhejiang People’s Armed Police (PAP), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunhu Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Zhejiang People’s Armed Police (PAP), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhai Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Zhejiang People’s Armed Police (PAP), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,* E-mail:
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14
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Li Y, Sun S, Wen C, Zhong J, Jiang Q. Effect of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF on human calvarial osteoblast apoptosis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 35804353 PMCID: PMC9264677 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterococcus faecalis is a dominant pathogen in the root canals of teeth with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP), and osteoblast apoptosis contributes to imbalanced bone remodelling in PAP. Here, we investigated the effect of E. faecalis OG1RF on apoptosis in primary human calvarial osteoblasts. Specifically, the expression of apoptosis-related genes and the role of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 family were examined. Methods Primary human calvarial osteoblasts were incubated with E. faecalis OG1RF at multiplicities of infection corresponding to infection time points. Flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay, caspase-3/-8/-9 activity assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array, and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess osteoblast apoptosis. Results E. faecalis infection increased the number of early- and late-phase apoptotic cells and TUNEL-positive cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and activated the caspase-3/-8/-9 pathway. Moreover, of all 84 apoptosis-related genes in the PCR array, the expression of 16 genes was upregulated and that of four genes was downregulated in the infected osteoblasts. Notably, the mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 was downregulated, whereas that of the pro-apoptotic BCL2L11, HRK, BIK, BMF, NOXA, and BECN1 and anti-apoptotic BCL2A1 was upregulated. Conclusions E. faecalis OG1RF infection triggered apoptosis in human calvarial osteoblasts, and BCL-2 family members acted as regulators of osteoblast apoptosis. Therefore, BCL-2 family members may act as potential therapeutic targets for persistent apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Shuyu Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
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15
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METTL3 mediates osteoblast apoptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress during LPS-induced inflammation. Cell Signal 2022; 95:110335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Gomes MS, Pereira L. Special Issue: From Host-Pathogen Interaction to Host-Directed Therapies. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122606. [PMID: 34946207 PMCID: PMC8707891 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.S.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Luisa Pereira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.S.G.); (L.P.)
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17
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Yao C, Zhu M, Han X, Xu Q, Dai M, Nie T, Liu X. A Bone-Targeting Enoxacin Delivery System to Eradicate Staphylococcus Aureus-Related Implantation Infections and Bone Loss. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:749910. [PMID: 34869262 PMCID: PMC8635194 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.749910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative infections in orthopaedic implants are severe complications that require urgent solutions. Although conventional antibiotics limit bacterial biofilm formation, they ignore the bone loss caused by osteoclast formation during post-operative orthopaedic implant-related infections. Fortunately, enoxacin exerts both antibacterial and osteoclast inhibitory effects, playing a role in limiting infection and preventing bone loss. However, enoxacin lacks specificity in bone tissue and low bioavailability-related adverse effects, which hinders translational practice. Here, we developed a nanosystem (Eno@MSN-D) based on enoxacin (Eno)-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), decorated with the eight repeating sequences of aspartate (D-Asp8), and coated with polyethylene glycol The release results suggested that Eno@MSN-D exhibits a high sensitivity to acidic environment. Moreover, this Eno@MSN-D delivery nanosystem exhibited both antibacterial and anti-osteoclast properties in vitro. The cytotoxicity assay revealed no cytotoxicity at the low concentration (20 μg/ml) and Eno@MSN-D inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Importantly, Eno@MSN-D allowed the targeted release of enoxacin in infected bone tissue. Bone morphometric analysis and histopathology assays demonstrated that Eno@MSN-D has antibacterial and antiosteoclastic effects in vivo, thereby preventing implant-related infections and bone loss. Overall, our study highlights the significance of novel biomaterials that offer new alternatives to treat and prevent orthopaedic Staphylococcus aureus-related implantation infections and bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Meisong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiuguo Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuqiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
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18
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Li Y, Wen C, Zhong J, Ling J, Jiang Q. Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF induces apoptosis in MG63 cells via caspase-3/-8/-9 without activation of caspase-1/GSDMD. Oral Dis 2021; 28:2026-2035. [PMID: 34370363 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regulated cell death is key in the pathogenesis of persistent apical periodontitis. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of regulated cell death in osteoblast-like MG63 cells infected with Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. MATERIALS AND METHODS MG63 cells were infected with live E. faecalis OG1RF at the indicated multiplicity of infection for the indicated infection time. We evaluated the cells by flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling assay and lactate dehydrogenase release analysis; measured the activity of caspase-1/-3/-8/-9 and the release of interleukin-1β; and determined the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins and gasdermin D by apoptosis antibody array and Western blotting. RESULTS Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of the infected cells, increased the percentage of apoptotic and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling-positive cells, and enhanced lactate dehydrogenase release. The expression of caspase-3 and survivin and the activity of caspase-3/-8/-9 were upregulated, while the expression of death receptor 6 was downregulated. The activity of caspase-1/gasdermin D and the release of interleukin-1β remained unaltered. CONCLUSION Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF induced both intrinsic and extrinsic MG63 cell apoptosis via caspase-3/-8/-9 activation but did not activate the pyroptotic pathway regulated by caspase-1/gasdermin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Li Y, Ling J, Jiang Q. Inflammasomes in Alveolar Bone Loss. Front Immunol 2021; 12:691013. [PMID: 34177950 PMCID: PMC8221428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.691013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is tightly controlled by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Fine tuning of the osteoclast-osteoblast balance results in strict synchronization of bone resorption and formation, which maintains structural integrity and bone tissue homeostasis; in contrast, dysregulated bone remodeling may cause pathological osteolysis, in which inflammation plays a vital role in promoting bone destruction. The alveolar bone presents high turnover rate, complex associations with the tooth and periodontium, and susceptibility to oral pathogenic insults and mechanical stress, which enhance its complexity in host defense and bone remodeling. Alveolar bone loss is also involved in systemic bone destruction and is affected by medication or systemic pathological factors. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the osteoimmunological mechanisms involved in the dysregulation of alveolar bone remodeling. The inflammasome is a supramolecular protein complex assembled in response to pattern recognition receptors and damage-associated molecular patterns, leading to the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of inflammatory responses. Pyroptosis downstream of inflammasome activation also facilitates the clearance of intracellular pathogens and irritants. However, inadequate or excessive activity of the inflammasome may allow for persistent infection and infection spreading or uncontrolled destruction of the alveolar bone, as commonly observed in periodontitis, periapical periodontitis, peri-implantitis, orthodontic tooth movement, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, nonsterile or sterile osteomyelitis of the jaw, and osteoporosis. In this review, we present a framework for understanding the role and mechanism of canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in the pathogenesis and development of etiologically diverse diseases associated with alveolar bone loss. Inappropriate inflammasome activation may drive alveolar osteolysis by regulating cellular players, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, periodontal ligament cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and adaptive immune cells, such as T helper 17 cells, causing increased osteoclast activity, decreased osteoblast activity, and enhanced periodontium inflammation by creating a pro-inflammatory milieu in a context- and cell type-dependent manner. We also discuss promising therapeutic strategies targeting inappropriate inflammasome activity in the treatment of alveolar bone loss. Novel strategies for inhibiting inflammasome signaling may facilitate the development of versatile drugs that carefully balance the beneficial contributions of inflammasomes to host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Farooq I, Moriarty TJ. The Impact of Tick-Borne Diseases on the Bone. Microorganisms 2021; 9:663. [PMID: 33806785 PMCID: PMC8005031 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tick-borne infectious diseases can affect many tissues and organs including bone, one of the most multifunctional structures in the human body. There is a scarcity of data regarding the impact of tick-borne pathogens on bone. The aim of this review was to survey existing research literature on this topic. The search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. From our search, we were able to find evidence of eight tick-borne diseases (Anaplasmosis, Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis, Lyme disease, Bourbon virus disease, Colorado tick fever disease, Tick-borne encephalitis, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever) affecting the bone. Pathological bone effects most commonly associated with tick-borne infections were disruption of bone marrow function and bone loss. Most research to date on the effects of tick-borne pathogen infections on bone has been quite preliminary. Further investigation of this topic is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Farooq
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada;
| | - Tara J. Moriarty
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
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Murizan NIS, Mustafa NS, Ngadiman NHA, Mohd Yusof N, Idris A. Review on Nanocrystalline Cellulose in Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2818. [PMID: 33261121 PMCID: PMC7761060 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocrystalline cellulose is an abundant and inexhaustible organic material on Earth. It can be derived from many lignocellulosic plants and also from agricultural residues. They endowed exceptional physicochemical properties, which have promoted their intensive exploration in biomedical application, especially for tissue engineering scaffolds. Nanocrystalline cellulose has been acknowledged due to its low toxicity and low ecotoxicological risks towards living cells. To explore this field, this review provides an overview of nanocrystalline cellulose in designing materials of bone scaffolds. An introduction to nanocrystalline cellulose and its isolation method of acid hydrolysis are discussed following by the application of nanocrystalline cellulose in bone tissue engineering scaffolds. This review also provides comprehensive knowledge and highlights the contribution of nanocrystalline cellulose in terms of mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Lastly, the challenges for future scaffold development using nanocrystalline cellulose are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Ilyana Sahira Murizan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia; (N.I.S.M.); (N.S.M.); (N.M.Y.)
| | - Nur Syahirah Mustafa
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia; (N.I.S.M.); (N.S.M.); (N.M.Y.)
| | - Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia; (N.I.S.M.); (N.S.M.); (N.M.Y.)
| | - Noordin Mohd Yusof
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia; (N.I.S.M.); (N.S.M.); (N.M.Y.)
| | - Ani Idris
- c/o Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia;
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