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Kim S, Kim JC, Kim YY, Yang JE, Lee HM, Hwang IM, Park HW, Kim HM. Utilization of coffee waste as a sustainable feedstock for high-yield lactic acid production through microbial fermentation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169521. [PMID: 38141985 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid is an important industrial precursor; however, high substrate costs are a major challenge in microbial fermentation-based lactic acid production. Coffee waste is a sustainable feedstock alternative for lactic acid production via microbial fermentation. Herein, the feasibility of coffee waste as a feedstock was explored by employing appropriate pretreatment methods and optimizing enzyme combinations. Coffee waste pretreatment with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid along with a combination of Viscozyme L, Celluclast 1.5 L, and Pectinex Ultra SP-L achieved the 78.9 % sugar conversion rate at a substrate concentration of 4 % (w/v). Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0126-induced fermentation with a 4 % solid loading yielded a lactic acid concentration of 22.8 g/L (99.6 % of the theoretical maximum yield) and productivity of 0.95 g/L/h within 24 h. These findings highlight the viability of coffee waste as an eco-friendly resource for sustainable lactic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulbi Kim
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Cheol Kim
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Yeol Kim
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Yang
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Min Lee
- Kimchi Industry Promotion Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - In Min Hwang
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Woong Park
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Myeong Kim
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Herrmann LW, Letti LAJ, Penha RDO, Soccol VT, Rodrigues C, Soccol CR. Bacillus genus industrial applications and innovation: First steps towards a circular bioeconomy. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 70:108300. [PMID: 38101553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, environmental concerns have directed several policies, investments, and production processes. The search for sustainable and eco-friendly strategies is constantly increasing to reduce petrochemical product utilization, fossil fuel pollution, waste generation, and other major ecological impacts. The concepts of circular economy, bioeconomy, and biorefinery are increasingly being applied to solve or reduce those problems, directing us towards a greener future. Within the biotechnology field, the Bacillus genus of bacteria presents extremely versatile microorganisms capable of producing a great variety of products with little to no dependency on petrochemicals. They are able to grow in different agro-industrial wastes and extreme conditions, resulting in healthy and environmentally friendly products, such as foods, feeds, probiotics, plant growth promoters, biocides, enzymes, and bioactive compounds. The objective of this review was to compile the variety of products that can be produced with Bacillus cells, using the concepts of biorefinery and circular economy as the scope to search for greener alternatives to each production method and providing market and bioeconomy ideas of global production. Although the genus is extensively used in industry, little information is available on its large-scale production, and there is little current data regarding bioeconomy and circular economy parameters for the bacteria. Therefore, as this work gathers several products' economic, production, and environmentally friendly use information, it can be addressed as one of the first steps towards those sustainable strategies. Additionally, an extensive patent search was conducted, focusing on products that contain or are produced by the Bacillus genus, providing an indication of global technology development and direction of the bacteria products. The Bacillus global market represented at least $18 billion in 2020, taking into account only the products addressed in this article, and at least 650 patent documents submitted per year since 2017, indicating this market's extreme importance. The data we provide in this article can be used as a base for further studies in bioeconomy and circular economy and show the genus is a promising candidate for a greener and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Wedderhoff Herrmann
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Rafaela de Oliveira Penha
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Cristine Rodrigues
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Ding Z, Shahadat Hossain M, Maurya R, Yang Y, Singh V, Kumar D, Salama ES, Sun X, Sindhu R, Binod P, Zhang Z, Kumar Awasthi M. Recent advances in lignocellulosic and algal biomass pretreatment and its biorefinery approaches for biochemicals and bioenergy conversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128281. [PMID: 36370945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As the global demand for sustainable energy increases, lignocellulosic (such as agricultural residues, forest biomass, municipal waste, and dedicated energy crops) and algal (including macroalgae and microalgae) biomass have attracted considerable attention, because of their high availability of carbohydrates. This is a potential feedstock to produce biochemical and bioenergy. Pretreatment of biomass can disrupt their complex structure, increasing conversion efficiency and product yield. Therefore, this review comprehensively discusses recent advances in different pretreatments (physical, chemical, physicochemical, and biological pretreatments) for lignocellulosic and algal biomass and their biorefining methods. Life cycle assessment (LCA) which enables the quantification of the environmental impact assessment of a biorefinery also be introduced. Biorefinery processes such as raw material acquisition, extraction, production, waste accumulation, and waste conversion are all monitored under this concept. Nevertheless, there still exist some techno-economic barriers during biorefinery and extensive research is still needed to develop cost-effective processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, the United States of America
| | - Zheli Ding
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou, Hainan Province 571101, China
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, the United States of America
| | - Rupesh Maurya
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Yulu Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, the United States of America
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xinwei Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam 691505, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Zhang Z, Yang D, Liu L, Chang Z, Peng N. Effective gossypol removal from cottonseed meal through optimized solid-state fermentation by Bacillus coagulans. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:252. [PMID: 36456988 PMCID: PMC9714218 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cottonseed meal (CSM) is the main by-product of the cottonseed oil extraction process with high protein content, which is an important protein source for feed industry. However, CSM contains free gossypol (FG), a toxic substance that is detrimental to animal health and greatly limits its application. Microbial fermentation is currently considered to be one of the most effective methods to reduce FG and other anti-nutritional factors in CSM. Previously, yeast and bacteria species are used for degradation of FG in CSM, but showing less detoxification efficiency. Bacillus coagulans combines the properties of both lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus, producing both lactic acid and spores, and is considered a potential probiotic. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and optimize the effect of the solid-state fermentation process using a Bacillus coagulans to gossypol removal contained cottonseed meal. RESULTS 36 B. coagulans strains were isolated and found to have the ability to remove free gossypol. Through the evaluation of strains and optimization of fermentation conditions including fermentation temperature, ratio of material to water, inoculation amount, fermentation time and pH, we have established a solid-state fermentation process using a Bacillus coagulans strain S17 on CSM substrate with 1:1 of the material-to-water ratio, 15% (v/w) seed inoculation, 2% expanded corn flour, 1% bran, and 0.3%-0.8% metal irons at 40 °C for 52 h. After fermentation, the FG content in CSM was reduced from 923.80 to 167.90 mg/kg with 81.83% detoxification efficiency. Meanwhile, the crude protein content in CSM increased from 47.98 to 52.82%, and importantly, the spore concentration of strain S17 reached 1.68 × 1010 CFU/g dry material. CONCLUSION The study showed that B. coagulans have the potential strong ability to degrade free gossypol through cottonseed meal fermentation. This study presents a feasible process for improving the resource utilization rate and nutritional value of CSM via solid-state fermentation through B. coagulans S17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenting Zhang
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People’s Republic of China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Danlu Yang
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangbing Chang
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Peng
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People’s Republic of China ,National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People’s Republic of China
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Continuous Fermentation by Lactobacillus bulgaricus T15 Cells Immobilized in Cross-Linked F127 Hydrogels to Produce ᴅ-Lactic Acid. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8080360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose biorefinery via continuous cell-recycle fermentation has long been recognized as a promising alternative technique for producing chemicals. ᴅ-lactic acid (D-LA) production by fermentation of corn stover by Lactobacillus bulgaricus was proven to be feasible by a previous study. However, the phenolic compounds and the high glucose content in this substrate may inhibit cell growth. The immobilization of cells in polymer hydrogels can protect them from toxic compounds in the medium and improve fermentation efficiency. Here, we studied the production of D-LA by L. bulgaricus cells immobilized in cross-linkable F127 bis-polyurethane methacrylate (F127-BUM/T15). The Hencky stress and Hencky strain of F127-BUM/T15 was 159.11 KPa and 0.646 respectively. When immobilized and free-living cells were cultured in media containing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, vanillin, or high glucose concentrations, the immobilized cells were more tolerant, produced higher D-LA yields, and had higher sugar-to-acid conversion ratios. After 100 days of fermentation, the total D-LA production via immobilized cells was 1982.97 ± 1.81 g with a yield of 2.68 ± 0.48 g/L h, which was higher than that of free cells (0.625 ± 0.28 g/L h). This study demonstrated that F127-BUM/T15 has excellent potential for application in the biorefinery industry.
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Yankov D. Fermentative Lactic Acid Production From Lignocellulosic Feedstocks: From Source to Purified Product. Front Chem 2022; 10:823005. [PMID: 35308791 PMCID: PMC8931288 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.823005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The second (lignocellulosic biomass and industrial wastes) and third (algal biomass) generation feedstocks gained substantial interest as a source of various value-added chemicals, produced by fermentation. Lactic acid is a valuable platform chemical with both traditional and newer applications in many industries. The successful fractionation, separation, and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass result in sugars’ rich raw material for lactic acid fermentation. This review paper aims to summarize the investigations and progress in the last 5 years in lactic acid production from inexpensive and renewable resources. Different aspects are discussed—the type of raw materials, pretreatment and detoxification methods, lactic acid-producers (bacteria, fungi, and yeasts), use of genetically manipulated microorganisms, separation techniques, different approaches of process organization, as well as main challenges, and possible solutions for process optimization.
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