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Banerjee S, Cabrera-Barjas G, Tapia J, Fabi JP, Delattre C, Banerjee A. Characterization of Chilean hot spring-origin Staphylococcus sp. BSP3 produced exopolysaccharide as biological additive. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:15. [PMID: 38310179 PMCID: PMC10838260 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-024-00436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
A type of high molecular weight bioactive polymers called exopolysaccharides (EPS) are produced by thermophiles, the extremophilic microbes that thrive in acidic environmental conditions of hot springs with excessively warm temperatures. Over time, EPS became important as natural biotechnological additives because of their noncytotoxic, emulsifying, antioxidant, or immunostimulant activities. In this article, we unravelled a new EPS produced by Staphylococcus sp. BSP3 from an acidic (pH 6.03) San Pedro hot spring (38.1 °C) located in the central Andean mountains in Chile. Several physicochemical techniques were performed to characterize the EPS structure including Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), 1D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was confirmed that the amorphous surface of the BSP3 EPS, composed of rough pillar-like nanostructures, is evenly distributed. The main EPS monosaccharide constituents were mannose (72%), glucose (24%) and galactose (4%). Also, it is a medium molecular weight (43.7 kDa) heteropolysaccharide. NMR spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of a [→ 6)-⍺-D-Manp-(1 → 6)-⍺-D-Manp-(1 →] backbone 2-O substituted with 1-⍺-D-Manp. A high thermal stability of EPS (287 °C) was confirmed by TGA analysis. Emulsification, antioxidant, flocculation, water-holding (WHC), and oil-holding (OHC) capacities are also studied for biotechnological industry applications. The results demonstrated that BSP3 EPS could be used as a biodegradable material for different purposes, like flocculation and natural additives in product formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Banerjee
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, CP 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas
- Universidad San Sebastián Campus Las Tres Pascualas, Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Lientur 1457, CP 4080871, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jaime Tapia
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, CP 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CePID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cedric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Aparna Banerjee
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, CP 3467987, Talca, Chile.
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Aragón-León A, Moreno-Vilet L, González-Ávila M, Mondragón-Cortez PM, Sassaki GL, Martínez-Pérez RB, Camacho-Ruíz RM. Inulin from halophilic archaeon Haloarcula: Production, chemical characterization, biological, and technological properties. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121333. [PMID: 37739546 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Halophilic archaea are capable of producing fructans, which are fructose-based polysaccharides. However, their biochemical characterization and biological and technological properties have been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production, chemical characterization, biological and technological properties of a fructan inulin-type biosynthesized by a halophilic archaeon. Fructan extraction was performed through ethanol precipitation and purification by diafiltration. The chemical structure was elucidated using Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Haloarcula sp. M1 biosynthesizes inulin with an average molecular weight of 8.37 × 106 Da. The maximal production reached 3.9 g of inulin per liter of culture within seven days. The glass transition temperature of inulin was measured at 138.85 °C, and it exhibited an emulsifying index of 36.47 %, which is higher than that of inulin derived from chicory. Inulin from Haloarcula sp. M1 (InuH) demonstrates prebiotic capacity. This study represents the first report on the biological and technological properties of inulin derived from halophilic archaea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Aragón-León
- Biotecnología Industrial, Tecnología Alimentaria y Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan, Jalisco C.P. 45019, Mexico
| | - Lorena Moreno-Vilet
- Biotecnología Industrial, Tecnología Alimentaria y Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan, Jalisco C.P. 45019, Mexico
| | - Marisela González-Ávila
- Biotecnología Industrial, Tecnología Alimentaria y Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan, Jalisco C.P. 45019, Mexico
| | - Pedro Martín Mondragón-Cortez
- Biotecnología Industrial, Tecnología Alimentaria y Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan, Jalisco C.P. 45019, Mexico
| | - Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidad de Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, CP 19046 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Rosa María Camacho-Ruíz
- Biotecnología Industrial, Tecnología Alimentaria y Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan, Jalisco C.P. 45019, Mexico.
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Georgieva ML, Bilanenko EN, Ponizovskaya VB, Kokaeva LY, Georgiev AA, Efimenko TA, Markelova NN, Kuvarina AE, Sadykova VS. Haloalkalitolerant Fungi from Sediments of the Big Tambukan Saline Lake (Northern Caucasus): Diversity and Antimicrobial Potential. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2587. [PMID: 37894245 PMCID: PMC10609068 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We have performed a characterization of cultivated haloalkalitolerant fungi from the sediments of Big Tambukan Lake in order to assess their biodiversity and antimicrobial activity. This saline, slightly alkaline lake is known as a source of therapeutic sulfide mud used in sanatoria of the Caucasian Mineral Waters, Russia. Though data on bacteria and algae observed in this lake are available in the literature, data on fungi adapted to the conditions of the lake are lacking. The diversity of haloalkalitolerant fungi was low and represented by ascomycetes of the genera Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chordomyces, Emericellopsis, Fusarium, Gibellulopsis, Myriodontium, Penicillium, and Pseudeurotium. Most of the fungi were characterized by moderate alkaline resistance, and they tolerated NaCl concentrations up to 10% w/v. The analysis of the antimicrobial activity of fungi showed that 87.5% of all strains were active against Bacillus subtilis, and 39.6% were also determined to be effective against Escherichia coli. The majority of the strains were also active against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, about 66.7% and 62.5%, respectively. These studies indicate, for the first time, the presence of polyextremotolerant fungi in the sediments of Big Tambukan Lake, which probably reflects their involvement in the formation of therapeutic muds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina L. Georgieva
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Elena N. Bilanenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Valeria B. Ponizovskaya
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Lyudmila Y. Kokaeva
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
- Faculty of Soil Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton A. Georgiev
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Tatiana A. Efimenko
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Natalia N. Markelova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Anastasia E. Kuvarina
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Vera S. Sadykova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
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Rekadwad BN, Li WJ, Gonzalez JM, Punchappady Devasya R, Ananthapadmanabha Bhagwath A, Urana R, Parwez K. Extremophiles: the species that evolve and survive under hostile conditions. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:316. [PMID: 37637002 PMCID: PMC10457277 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extremophiles possess unique cellular and molecular mechanisms to assist, tolerate, and sustain their lives in extreme habitats. These habitats are dominated by one or more extreme physical or chemical parameters that shape existing microbial communities and their cellular and genomic features. The diversity of extremophiles reflects a long list of adaptations over millions of years. Growing research on extremophiles has considerably uncovered and increased our understanding of life and its limits on our planet. Many extremophiles have been greatly explored for their application in various industrial processes. In this review, we focused on the characteristics that microorganisms have acquired to optimally thrive in extreme environments. We have discussed cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in stability at respective extreme conditions like thermophiles, psychrophiles, acidophiles, barophiles, etc., which highlight evolutionary aspects and the significance of extremophiles for the benefit of mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwan Narayan Rekadwad
- Present Address: Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018 Karnataka India
- National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), DBT-National Centre for Cell Science (DBT-NCCS), Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra India
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra India
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan M. Gonzalez
- Microbial Diversity and Microbiology of Extreme Environments Research Group, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas, IRNAS-CSIC, Avda. Reina Mercedes, 10, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Rekha Punchappady Devasya
- Present Address: Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018 Karnataka India
| | - Arun Ananthapadmanabha Bhagwath
- Present Address: Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018 Karnataka India
- Yenepoya Institute of Arts, Science, Commerce and Management, A Constituent Unit of Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Yenepoya Complex, Balmatta, Mangalore, 575002 Karnataka India
| | - Ruchi Urana
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Bio Sciences and Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001 India
| | - Khalid Parwez
- Department of Microbiology, Shree Narayan Medical Institute and Hospital, Saharsa, Bihar 852201 India
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Procházková L, Matsuzaki R, Řezanka T, Nedbalová L, Remias D. The snow alga Chloromonas kaweckae sp. nov. (Volvocales, Chlorophyta) causes green surface blooms in the high tatras (Slovakia) and tolerates high irradiance. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:236-248. [PMID: 36461636 PMCID: PMC10946730 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Seasonally slowly melting mountain snowfields are populated by extremophilic microalgae. In alpine habitats, high-light sensitive, green phytoflagellates are usually observed in subsurface layers deeper in the snowpack under dim conditions, while robust orange to reddish cyst stages can be seen exposed on the surface. In this study, uncommon surface green snow was investigated in the High Tatra Mountains (Slovakia). The monospecific community found in the green surface bloom consisted of vegetative Chloromonas cells (Volvocales, Chlorophyta). Molecular data demonstrated that the field sample and the strain isolated and established from the bloom were conspecific, and they represent a new species, Chloromonas kaweckae sp. nov., which is described based on the morphology of the vegetative cells and asexual reproduction and on molecular analyses of the strain. Cells of C. kaweckae accumulated approximately 50% polyunsaturated fatty acids, which is advantageous at low temperatures. In addition, this new species performed active photosynthesis at temperatures close to the freezing point showed a light compensation point of 126 ± 22 μmol photons · m-2 · s-1 and some signs of photoinhibition at irradiances greater than 600 μmol photons · m-2 · s-1 . These data indicate that the photosynthetic apparatus of C. kaweckae could be regarded as adapted to relatively high light intensities, otherwise unusual for most flagellate stages of snow algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Procházková
- Department of EcologyCharles University, Faculty of SciencePrague128 44Czech Republic
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Centre for PhycologyDukelská 135379 82TřeboňCzech Republic
| | - Ryo Matsuzaki
- University of Tsukuba, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences1–1–1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki305–8572Japan
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Biodiversity Division16‐2 OnogawaTsukubaIbaraki305‐8506Japan
| | - Tomáš Řezanka
- The Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of MicrobiologyVídeňská 1083Prague142 20Czech Republic
| | - Linda Nedbalová
- Department of EcologyCharles University, Faculty of SciencePrague128 44Czech Republic
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Centre for PhycologyDukelská 135379 82TřeboňCzech Republic
| | - Daniel Remias
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of EngineeringStelzhamerstr. 23Wels4600Austria
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Chekanov K. Diversity and Distribution of Carotenogenic Algae in Europe: A Review. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:108. [PMID: 36827149 PMCID: PMC9958874 DOI: 10.3390/md21020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are the richest source of natural carotenoids, which are valuable pigments with a high share of benefits. Often, carotenoid-producing algae inhabit specific biotopes with unfavorable or even extremal conditions. Such biotopes, including alpine snow fields and hypersaline ponds, are widely distributed in Europe. They can serve as a source of new strains for biotechnology. The number of algal species used for obtaining these compounds on an industrial scale is limited. The data on them are poor. Moreover, some of them have been reported in non-English local scientific articles and theses. This review aims to summarize existing data on microalgal species, which are known as potential carotenoid producers in biotechnology. These include Haematococcus and Dunaliella, both well-known to the scientific community, as well as less-elucidated representatives. Their distribution will be covered throughout Europe: from the Greek Mediterranean coast in the south to the snow valleys in Norway in the north, and from the ponds in Amieiro (Portugal) in the west to the saline lakes and mountains in Crimea (Ukraine) in the east. A wide spectrum of algal secondary carotenoids is reviewed: β-carotene, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, echinenone, adonixanthin, and adonirubin. For convenience, the main concepts of biology of carotenoid-producing algae are briefly explained.
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An Integrated Approach to Characterising Sulphur Karst Springs: A Case Study of the Žvepovnik Spring in NE Slovenia. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14081249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We present an integrated approach to characterizing the Žvepovnik sulphur spring, comprising detailed basic geological (mapping), geochemical (physico-chemical, elementary), isotopic (δ2H, δ18O, δ13CDIC, δ34S and 3H), and microbiological analyses. We used a multi-parameter approach to determine the origin of the water (meteoric or deeper infiltration), the origin of the carbon and sulphur, and water retention times. Our special research interest is the origin of the sulphur, as sulphur springs are rare and insufficiently investigated. Our results show that the Žvepovnik spring occurs along the fault near the contact between the dolomite aquifer and overlying shales and volcanoclastic beds. The spring water is the result of the mixing of (1) deeper waters in contact with gypsum and anhydrite and (2) shallow waters originating from precipitation and flowing through the surface carbonate aquifer. The results of δ2H and δ18O confirm local modern precipitation as the main source of the spring. δ13CDIC originates from the degradation of organic matter and the dissolution of carbonates. We therefore propose four possible sources of sulphur: (1) the most probable is the dissolution of gypsum/anhydrite; (2) barite may be a minor source of sulphur; (3) the microbial dissimilatory sulfate reduction; and (4) the oxidation of pyrite as the least probable option.
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Puente-Sánchez F, Chavarría M. Special Issue: Diversity of Extremophiles in Time and Space. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122472. [PMID: 34946074 PMCID: PMC8704865 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme environments are fascinating ecosystems that have allowed us to increase our knowledge about the evolutionary processes of life [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Puente-Sánchez
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lennart Hjelms väg 9, 756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: (F.P.-S.); (M.C.)
| | - Max Chavarría
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica
- Correspondence: (F.P.-S.); (M.C.)
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