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Kranjec C, Mathew JP, Ovchinnikov K, Fadayomi I, Yang Y, Kjos M, Li WW. A bacteriocin-based coating strategy to prevent vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium biofilm formation on materials of interest for indwelling medical devices. Biofilm 2024; 8:100211. [PMID: 39071174 PMCID: PMC11282937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing use of exogenous materials as indwelling medical devices in modern medicine offers to pathogens new ways to gain access to human body and begin, in some cases, life threatening infections. Biofouling of such materials with bacteria or fungi is a major concern during surgeries, since this is often associated with biofilm formation and difficult to treat, recalcitrant infections. Intense research efforts have therefore developed several strategies to shield the medical devices' surface from colonization by pathogenic microorganisms. Here, we used dopamine as a coupling agent to coat four different materials of medical interest (plastic polyetheretherketone (PEEK), stainless steel, titanium and silicone catheter) with the bacteriocins, enterocin EJ97-short and the thiopeptide micrococcin P1. Water contact angle measurements and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to verify the effective coating of the materials. The effect of bacteriocins coated on these materials on the biofilm formation by a vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) strain was studied by biofilm-oriented antimicrobial test (BOAT) and electron scanning microscopy. The in vitro biocompatibility of bacteriocin-modified biomaterials was tested on cultured human cells. The results demonstrated that the binding of the bacteriocins to the implant surfaces is achieved, and the two bacteriocins in combination could inhibit biofilm formation by E. faecium on all four materials. The modified implant showed no cytotoxicity to the human cells tested. Therefore, surface modification with the two bacteriocins may offer a novel and effective way to prevent biofilm formation on a wide range of implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kranjec
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Jills Puthiaparambil Mathew
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Kirill Ovchinnikov
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Idowu Fadayomi
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Morten Kjos
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Wen-Wu Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
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Poelzl S, Augl S, Schwan AM, Chwatal S, Lackner JM, Kittinger C. Benefits of Core-Shell Particles over Single-Metal Coatings: Mechanical and Chemical Exposure and Antimicrobial Efficacy. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2209. [PMID: 39125235 PMCID: PMC11314921 DOI: 10.3390/polym16152209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges worldwide is containing the spread of problematic microorganisms. A promising approach is the use of antimicrobial coatings (AMCs). The antimicrobial potential of certain metals, including copper and zinc, has already been verified. In this study, polyethylene terephthalate and aluminum (PET-Al) foils were coated with copper, zinc, and a combination of these two metals, known as core-shell particles, respectively. The resistance of the three different types of coatings to mechanical and chemical exposure was evaluated in various ways. Further, the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and the bacteriophage ϕ6 were used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of the coatings. The best efficacy was achieved with the pure copper coating, which was not convincing in the abrasion tests. The result was a considerable loss of copper particles on the surfaces and reduced effectiveness against the microorganisms. The core-shell particles demonstrated better adhesion to the surfaces after abrasion tests and against most chemical agents. In addition, the antimicrobial efficiency remained more stable after the washability treatment. Thus, the core-shell particles had several benefits over the pure copper and zinc coatings. In addition, the best core-shell loading for durability and efficacy was determined in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Poelzl
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2A, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Stefan Augl
- Department of Materials Technology, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria;
| | - Alexander Michael Schwan
- MATERIALS—Institut für Sensorik, Photonik und Fertigungstechnologien, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Leobner Strasse 94a, 8712 Niklasdorf, Austria (S.C.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Simon Chwatal
- MATERIALS—Institut für Sensorik, Photonik und Fertigungstechnologien, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Leobner Strasse 94a, 8712 Niklasdorf, Austria (S.C.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Jürgen Markus Lackner
- MATERIALS—Institut für Sensorik, Photonik und Fertigungstechnologien, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Leobner Strasse 94a, 8712 Niklasdorf, Austria (S.C.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Clemens Kittinger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2A, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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Bilská K, Bujdák J, Bujdáková H. Nanocomposite system with photoactive phloxine B eradicates resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33660. [PMID: 39071577 PMCID: PMC11283154 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials modified with hybrid films functionalized with photoactive compounds can be an effective system to prevent and eradicate biofilms on medical devices. The aim of this research was to extend current knowledge on nanomaterial comprised of polyurethane (PU) modified with a nanocomposite film of organoclay with the functionalized photosensitizer (PS) phloxine B (PhB). Particles of the clay mineral saponite were, at first modified by octadecyltrimethylammonium cations to activate the surface for PhB adsorption. The colloids were filtered to get silicate films on polytetrafluoroethylene membrane filters, which were layered with a liquid mixture of PU precursors. The penetration of PU into the silicate formed a thin nanocomposite film. This nanomaterial demonstrated excellent effectiveness against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) resistant to fluoroquinolones (L12 and S61, respectively). It showed more than 1000- and 10 000-fold inhibition of biofilm growth after irradiation with green laser compared to the unmodified PU material. Principal component analysis and multiple linear regression showed that the effectiveness of the nanomaterial was not influenced by virulence factors such as the expression of efflux pumps of the Nor family, the adhesin PIA encoded by the icaADBC operon or the robustness of the biofilms. However, the presence of organoclay, PhB and irradiation had a significant effect on the anti-biofilm properties of the nanocomposite. The anti-microbial properties of the material were strengthened after irradiation, because of high reactive oxygen species release (more than 14-fold compared to non-irradiated sample). Materials based on photoactive molecules can represent a worthwhile pathway towards the development of more complex nanomaterials applicable in various fields of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Bilská
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Ilkovičova 6, 84215, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Bujdák
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Ilkovičova 6, 84215, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84536, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Helena Bujdáková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Ilkovičova 6, 84215, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Pryjmaková J, Vokatá B, Šlouf M, Hubáček T, Martínez-García P, Rebollar E, Slepička P, Siegel J. Silver-enriched microdomain patterns as advanced bactericidal coatings for polymer-based medical devices. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 242:114067. [PMID: 38981327 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Today, it would be difficult for us to live a full life without polymers, especially in medicine, where its applicability is constantly expanding, giving satisfactory results without any harm effects on health. This study focused on the formation of hexagonal domains doped with AgNPs using a KrF excimer laser (λ=248 nm) on the polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surface that acts as an unfailing source of the antibacterial agent - silver. The hexagonal structure was formed with a grid placed in front of the incident laser beam. Surfaces with immobilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were observed by AFM and SEM. Changes in surface chemistry were studied by XPS. To determine the concentration of released Ag+ ions, ICP-MS analysis was used. The antibacterial tests proved the antibacterial efficacy of Ag-doped PEEK composites against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as the most common pathogens. Because AgNPs are also known for their strong toxicity, we also included cytotoxicity tests in this study. The findings presented here contribute to the advancement of materials design in the biomedical field, offering a novel starting point for combating bacterial infections through the innovative integration of AgNPs into inert synthetic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pryjmaková
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Vokatá
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 162 06, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Hubáček
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, SoWa National Research Infrastructure, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic.
| | - Patricia Martínez-García
- Depto. Física Interdisciplinar, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Las Rozas de Madrid 28232, Spain; NANOesMAT, UNED, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IEM y el IQF, Las Rozas de Madrid 28232, Spain.
| | - Esther Rebollar
- Instituto de Química Física Blas Cabrera, IQF-CSIC, Calle de Serrano 119, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Petr Slepička
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Siegel
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
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Mishra A, Aggarwal A, Khan F. Medical Device-Associated Infections Caused by Biofilm-Forming Microbial Pathogens and Controlling Strategies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:623. [PMID: 39061305 PMCID: PMC11274200 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, include bloodstream infections, surgical site infections, skin and soft tissue infections, respiratory tract infections, and urinary tract infections. According to reports, Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria account for up to 70% of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Biofilm production is a main virulence mechanism and a distinguishing feature of bacterial pathogens. Most bacterial pathogens develop biofilms at the solid-liquid and air-liquid interfaces. An essential requirement for biofilm production is the presence of a conditioning film. A conditioning film provides the first surface on which bacteria can adhere and fosters the growth of biofilms by creating a favorable environment. The conditioning film improves microbial adherence by delivering chemical signals or generating microenvironments. Microorganisms use this coating as a nutrient source. The film gathers both inorganic and organic substances from its surroundings, or these substances are generated by microbes in the film. These nutrients boost the initial growth of the adhering bacteria and facilitate biofilm formation by acting as a food source. Coatings with combined antibacterial efficacy and antifouling properties provide further benefits by preventing dead cells and debris from adhering to the surfaces. In the present review, we address numerous pathogenic microbes that form biofilms on the surfaces of biomedical devices. In addition, we explore several efficient smart antiadhesive coatings on the surfaces of biomedical device-relevant materials that manage nosocomial infections caused by biofilm-forming microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Mishra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, Punjab, India;
| | - Ashish Aggarwal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, Punjab, India;
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- International Graduate Program of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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6
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Martins JP, da Silva ET, Fernandes AA, Costa de Oliveira S. Three-Dimensional Melted Electrowriting Drug Coating Fibers for the Prevention of Device-Associated Infections: A Pilot Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:636. [PMID: 39061718 PMCID: PMC11273671 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11070636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical device-related infections (DRIs), especially prevalent among critically ill patients, impose significant health and economic burdens and are mainly caused by bacteria. Severe infections often necessitate device removal when antibiotic therapy is inefficient, delaying recovery. To tackle this issue, PCL drug-eluting coated meshes were explored, and they were printed via melt electrowriting (MEW). These meshes were coated with gentamicin sulfate (GS) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and underwent FTIR analysis to confirm drug integration. Antimicrobial activity was assessed via agar diffusion assays and biofilm formation assays against bacterial strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984. FTIR analysis evidenced the presence of the drugs in the meshes. TCH displayed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against all strains, whereas GS was effective against all except S. aureus. These findings indicate the potential of cost-effective ultra-fine drug coating fibers for medical device applications, offering infection prevention during implantation. This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility of producing drug-eluting fibers for DRI prevention through a non-toxic, fast, and cost-efficient technique, paving the way for enhanced patient care and reduced healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P. Martins
- Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aerospace (LAETA), Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.M.); (E.T.d.S.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Elisabete T. da Silva
- Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aerospace (LAETA), Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.M.); (E.T.d.S.); (A.A.F.)
| | - António A. Fernandes
- Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aerospace (LAETA), Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.M.); (E.T.d.S.); (A.A.F.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Costa de Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research—CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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Sara SM, Thota RC, Uddin YS, Bani-Yaghoub M, Sutkin G, Abourraja MN. Patient flow modeling and simulation to study HAI incidence in an Emergency Department. SMART HEALTH : INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, ICSH ... ICSH (CONFERENCE : SMART HEALTH) 2024; 32:10.1016/j.smhl.2024.100467. [PMID: 38737391 PMCID: PMC11085016 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhl.2024.100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), or nosocomial infections, refer to patients getting new infections while getting treatment for an existing condition in a healthcare facility. HAI poses a significant challenge in healthcare delivery that results in higher rates of mortality and morbidity as well as a longer duration of hospital stay. While the real cause of HAI in a hospital varies widely and in most cases untraceable, it is popularly believed that patient flow in a hospital-which hospital units patients visit and where they spend the most time since their admission into the hospital-can trace back to HAI incidence in the hospital. Based on this observation, we, in this paper, model and simulate patient flow in an emergency department of a hospital and then utilize the developed model to study HAI incidence therein. We obtain (a) a flowchart of patient movement (admission to discharge) and (b) anonymous patient data from University Health Medical Center for a duration of 11 months (Aug 2022-June 2023). Based on these data, we develop and validate the patient flow model. Our model captures patient movement in different areas of a typical emergency department, such as triage, waiting room, and minor procedure rooms. We employ the discrete-event simulation (DES) technique to model patient flow and associated HAI infections using the simulation software, Anylogic. Our simulation results show that the rates of HAI incidence are proportional to both the specific areas patients occupy and the duration of their stay. By utilizing our model, hospital administrators and infection control teams can implement targeted strategies to reduce the incidence of HAI and enhance patient safety, ultimately leading to improved healthcare outcomes and more efficient resource allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gary Sutkin
- University Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City 64108, USA
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Divya M, Chen J, Durán-Lara EF, Kim KS, Vijayakumar S. Revolutionizing healthcare: Harnessing nano biotechnology with zinc oxide nanoparticles to combat biofilm and bacterial infections-A short review. Microb Pathog 2024; 191:106679. [PMID: 38718953 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A crucial pathogenic mechanism in many bacterial diseases is the ability to create biofilms. Biofilms are suspected to play a role in over 80 % of microbial illnesses in humans. In light of the critical requirement for efficient management of bacterial infections, researchers have explored alternative techniques for treating bacterial disorders. One of the most promising ways to address this issue is through the development of long-lasting coatings with antibacterial properties. In recent years, antibacterial treatments based on metallic nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as an effective strategy in the fight over bacterial drug resistance. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are the basis of a new composite coating material. This article begins with a brief overview of the mechanisms that underlie bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs. A detailed examination of the properties of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) and their potential use as antibacterial drugs for curing drug-sensitive and resistant bacteria follows. Furthermore, we assess metal nanoparticles (NPs) as powerful agents to fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the growth of biofilm, and we look into their potential toxicological effects for the development of future medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Divya
- BioMe-Live Analytical Centre, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jingdi Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, PR China.
| | - Esteban F Durán-Lara
- Bio&NanoMaterialsLab| Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Maule, Chile; Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Maule, Chile
| | - Kwang-Sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 462s41, Republic of Korea.
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Bouhrour N, Nibbering PH, Bendali F. Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Pathogens 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38787246 PMCID: PMC11124157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary catheters (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, the implantation of these devices is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% of nosocomial infections (NIs) are linked to biofilms. The main complication is the ability of microorganisms to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms which protect them and help them to persist in the host. Indeed, by crossing the skin barrier, the insertion of VC inevitably allows skin flora or accidental environmental contaminants to access the underlying tissues and cause fatal complications like bloodstream infections (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central venous catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur in intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate of 12 to 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are the most commonlyhospital-acquired infections (HAIs) worldwide.These infections represent up to 40% of NIs.In this review, we present a summary of biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview of two main and important infections in clinical settings linked to medical devices, namely the catheter-asociated bloodstream infections (CA-BSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), and highlight also the most multidrug resistant bacteria implicated in these infections. Furthermore, we draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, and advanced antimicrobial and antifouling approaches developed to reduce bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces and the incidence of the catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Bouhrour
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
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10
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Graziani G, Ghezzi D, Boi M, Baldini N, Sassoni E, Cappelletti M, Fedrizzi G, Maglio M, Salamanna F, Tschon M, Martini L, Zaffagnini S, Fini M, Sartori M. Ionized jet deposition of silver nanostructured coatings: Assessment of chemico-physical and biological behavior for application in orthopedics. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 159:213815. [PMID: 38447383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Infection is one of the main issues connected to implantation of biomedical devices and represents a very difficult issue to tackle, for clinicians and for patients. This study aimed at tackling infection through antibacterial nanostructured silver coatings manufactured by Ionized Jet Deposition (IJD) for application as new and advanced coating systems for medical devices. Films composition and morphology depending on deposition parameters were investigated and their performances evaluated by correlating these properties with the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of the coatings, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains and with their cytotoxicity towards human cell line fibroblasts. The biocompatibility of the coatings, the nanotoxicity, and the safety of the proposed approach were evaluated, for the first time, in vitro and in vivo by rat subcutaneous implant models. Different deposition times, corresponding to different thicknesses, were selected and compared. All silver coatings exhibited a highly homogeneous surface composed of nanosized spherical aggregates. All coatings having a thickness of 50 nm and above showed high antibacterial efficacy, while none of the tested options caused cytotoxicity when tested in vitro. Indeed, silver films impacted on bacterial strains viability and capability to adhere to the substrate, in a thickness-dependent manner. The nanostructure obtained by IJD permitted to mitigate the toxicity of silver, conferring strong antibacterial and anti-adhesive features, without affecting the coatings biocompatibility. At the explant, the coatings were still present although they showed signs of progressive dissolution, compatible with the release of silver, but no cracking, delamination or in vivo toxicity was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Graziani
- BST-NaBi Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory and Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- BST-NaBi Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory and Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marco Boi
- BST-NaBi Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory and Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nicola Baldini
- BST-NaBi Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory and Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Sassoni
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Fedrizzi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna (IZSLER), Reparto Chimico degli Alimenti, Via Pietro Fiorini 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Melania Maglio
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Salamanna
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lucia Martini
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefano Zaffagnini
- II Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Milena Fini
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Sartori
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Chen M, Dong R, Song J, Qi J, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Zhang W, Li Y, Tang BZ. Fast and Stable Antibacterial Coating of Photosensitive Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for Disinfection on Medical Devices. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303967. [PMID: 38334004 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) are promising photosensitizers that have exhibited excellent antibacterial ability with abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. TTCPy-PF6 and TTCPy-Br are deposited on the surface of diverse solid substrates through plasma-assistant electrostatic self-assembly. The AIEgens-covered coating can effectively eliminate different pathogenic Gram-positive (G+) bacteria and even their multidrug-resistant (MDR) mutants with negligible side effects such as cytotoxicity, hemolysis, and inflammation. Moreover, the AIEgen-coated surface can maintain high stability for long-time antibacterial usage, which is dependent on the ROS-mediated disruption of the attached bacteria. The AIEgen-based coatings with broad surface applicability have many advantages in high antibacterial ability, great biocompatibility, and low possibility of antibiotic pollution. The robust antibacterial ability and excellent biological safety of the AIEgen-based coatings would be helpful for the disinfection of medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Chen
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ruihua Dong
- Clinical Translational Research Center of Aggregation-Induced Emission, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
- Clinical Translational Research Center of Aggregation-Induced Emission, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Wentian Zhang
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ying Li
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Clinical Translational Research Center of Aggregation-Induced Emission, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
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12
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Zhao Q, Cui X, Liu T, Li H, Shi M, Wang L. Exploring variations in IPC competencies: a cross-sectional study among healthcare professionals in Northwest China. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:420. [PMID: 38644476 PMCID: PMC11034168 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study investigates infection prevention and control (IPC) competencies among healthcare professionals in northwest China, examining the influence of demographic factors, job titles, education, work experience, and hospital levels. METHODS Data from 874 respondents across 47 hospitals were collected through surveys assessing 16 major IPC domains. Statistical analyses, including Mann-Whitney tests, were employed to compare competencies across variables. RESULTS Significant differences were identified based on gender, job titles, education, work experience, and hospital levels. Females demonstrated higher IPC competencies, while senior positions exhibited superior performance. Higher educational attainment and prolonged work experience positively correlated with enhanced competencies. Variances across hospital levels underscored context-specific competencies. CONCLUSION Demographic factors and professional variables significantly shape IPC competencies. Tailored training, considering gender differences and job roles, is crucial. Higher education and prolonged work experience positively impact proficiency. Context-specific interventions are essential for diverse hospital settings, informing strategies to enhance IPC skills and mitigate healthcare-associated infections effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglan Zhao
- Infection Management Office, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cui
- Nosocomial Infection Management Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Nosocomial Infection Management Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanxue Li
- Nosocomial Infection Management Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaoyue Shi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Li Wang
- Nosocomial Infection Management Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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13
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Zhang J, Williams G, Jitniyom T, Singh NS, Saal A, Riordan L, Berrow M, Churm J, Banzhaf M, de Cogan F, Gao N. Wettability and Bactericidal Properties of Bioinspired ZnO Nanopillar Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7353-7363. [PMID: 38536768 PMCID: PMC11008234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials of zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibit antibacterial activities under ambient illumination that result in cell membrane permeability and disorganization, representing an important opportunity for health-related applications. However, the development of antibiofouling surfaces incorporating ZnO nanomaterials has remained limited. In this work, we fabricate superhydrophobic surfaces based on ZnO nanopillars. Water droplets on these superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit small contact angle hysteresis (within 2-3°) and a minimal tilting angle of 1°. Further, falling droplets bounce off when impacting the superhydrophobic ZnO surfaces with a range of Weber numbers (8-46), demonstrating that the surface facilitates a robust Cassie-Baxter wetting state. In addition, the antibiofouling efficacy of the surfaces has been established against model pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli). No viable colonies of E. coli were recoverable on the superhydrophobic surfaces of ZnO nanopillars incubated with cultured bacterial solutions for 18 h. Further, our tests demonstrate a substantial reduction in the quantity of S. aureus that attached to the superhydrophobic ZnO nanopillars. Thus, the superhydrophobic ZnO surfaces offer a viable design of antibiofouling materials that do not require additional UV illumination or antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Zhang
- School
of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Georgia Williams
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Thanaphun Jitniyom
- School
of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Navdeep Sangeet Singh
- School
of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Saal
- School
of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Lily Riordan
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Madeline Berrow
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - James Churm
- School
of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Banzhaf
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Felicity de Cogan
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Nan Gao
- School
of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston ,Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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14
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Becker JB, Moisés VA, Guerra-Martín MD, Barbosa DA. Epidemiological differences, clinical aspects, and short-term prognosis of patients with healthcare-associated and community-acquired infective endocarditis. Infect Prev Pract 2024; 6:100343. [PMID: 38371885 PMCID: PMC10874726 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of healthcare-associated infective endocarditis in Brazil is poorly known. Aim To analyze the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics, and the prognosis of healthcare-associated infective endocarditis (HAIE) compared with community-acquired infective endocarditis (CIE) and identify the associated factors with hospital mortality. Method A historical cohort study was carried out, with a data collection period from January 2009 to December 2019 at the Federal University of São Paulo. Data were collected from medical records of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) hospitalized during the study period. Patients were classified into three groups: CIE, non-nosocomial HAIE (NN-HAIE) and nosocomial HAIE (NHAIE). Results A total of 204 patients with IE were included; of these, 127 (62.3%) were cases of HAIE, of which 83 (40.7%) were NN-HAIE and 44 (21.6%) were NHAIE. Staphylococcus spp. Were the main causative agents, especially in HAIE groups (P<0.001). Streptococcus spp. were more prevalent in the CIE group (P<0.001). In-hospital mortality was 44.6%, with no differences between groups. Independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality were age ≥ 60 years (odds ratio (OR): 6.742), septic shock (OR 5.264), stroke (OR 3.576), heart failure (OR 7.296), and Intensive Care Unit admission (OR 7.768). Conclusion HAIE accounted for most cases in this cohort, with a higher prevalence of non-nosocomial infections. Staphylococcus spp. were the main causative agents. Hospital mortality was high, 44.6%, with no difference between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dulce Aparecida Barbosa
- Federal University of São Paulo, Nursing School, Clinical and Surgical Nursing Department, Brazil
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15
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Baddal B, Taner F, Uzun Ozsahin D. Harnessing of Artificial Intelligence for the Diagnosis and Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Infections: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:484. [PMID: 38472956 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are the most common adverse events in healthcare and constitute a major global public health concern. Surveillance represents the foundation for the effective prevention and control of HAIs, yet conventional surveillance is costly and labor intensive. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have the potential to support the development of HAI surveillance algorithms for the understanding of HAI risk factors, the improvement of patient risk stratification as well as the prediction and timely detection and prevention of infections. AI-supported systems have so far been explored for clinical laboratory testing and imaging diagnosis, antimicrobial resistance profiling, antibiotic discovery and prediction-based clinical decision support tools in terms of HAIs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the current literature on AI applications in the field of HAIs and discuss the future potentials of this emerging technology in infection practice. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this study examined the articles in databases including PubMed and Scopus until November 2023, which were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 162 included articles. By elucidating the advancements in the field, we aim to highlight the potential applications of AI in the field, report related issues and shortcomings and discuss the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buket Baddal
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Turkey
- DESAM Research Institute, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Ferdiye Taner
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Turkey
- DESAM Research Institute, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Operational Research Centre in Healthcare, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Turkey
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Bakhtiyari N, Farajnia S, Ghasemali S, Farajnia S, Pormohammad A, Saeidvafa S. Strategies to Overcome Antimicrobial Resistance in Nosocomial Infections, A Review and Update. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:e260124226226. [PMID: 38284691 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265276529231214105423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Nosocomial infections, also known as healthcare-associated infections, are a significant global concern due to their strong association with high mortality and morbidity in both developed and developing countries. These infections are caused by a variety of pathogens, particularly the ESKAPE group of bacteria, which includes the six pathogens Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. These bacteria have demonstrated noteworthy resistance to different antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms can manifest in various forms, including restricting drug uptake, modifying drug targets, inactivating drugs, active drug efflux, and biofilm formation. Accordingly, various strategies have been developed to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. These strategies encompass the development of new antibiotics, the utilization of bacteriophages that specifically target these bacteria, antimicrobial combination therapy and the use of peptides or enzymes that target the genomes or essential proteins of resistant bacteria. Among promising approaches to overcome antibiotic resistance, the CRISPR/Cas system stands out and offers many advantages. This system enables precise and efficient editing of genetic material at specific locations in the genome. Functioning as a bacterial "adaptive immune system," the CRISPR/Cas system recognizes, degrades, and remembers foreign DNA sequences through the use of spacer DNA segments that are transcribed into CRISPR RNAs (crRNA). This paper has focused on nosocomial infections, specifically the pathogens involved in hospital infections, the mechanisms underlying bacterial resistance, and the strategies currently employed to address this issue. Special emphasis has been placed on the application of CRISPR/Cas technology for overcoming antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Bakhtiyari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safar Farajnia
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Ghasemali
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Farajnia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Pormohammad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Bouhrour N, van der Reijden TJK, Voet MM, Schonkeren-Ravensbergen B, Cordfunke RA, Drijfhout JW, Bendali F, Nibbering PH. Novel Antibacterial Agents SAAP-148 and Halicin Combat Gram-Negative Bacteria Colonizing Catheters. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1743. [PMID: 38136778 PMCID: PMC10741160 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic management of catheter-related infections (CRIs) often fails owing to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains and/or biofilm/persister apparitions. Thus, we investigated the efficacy of two novel antimicrobial agents, i.e., the synthetic peptide SAAP-148 and the novel antibiotic halicin, against Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) colonizing catheters. The antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-persister activities of both agents were evaluated against Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. The enrolled strains were isolated from catheters and selected based on their resistance to at least three antibiotic classes and biofilm formation potential. Furthermore, the hemolysis and endotoxin neutralization abilities of these agents were explored. The bactericidal activity of both agents was reduced in urine and plasma as compared to buffered saline. In a dose-dependent manner, SAAP-148 and halicin reduced bacterial counts in 24 h preformed biofilms on silicone elastomer discs and eliminated persisters originating from antibiotic-exposed mature 7-day biofilms, with halicin being less effective than SAAP-148. Importantly, SAAP-148 and halicin acted synergistically on E. coli and K. pneumoniae biofilms but not on A. baumannii biofilms. The peptide, but not halicin, decreased the production of IL-12p40 upon exposure to UV-killed bacteria. This preliminary study showed that SAAP-148 and halicin alone/in combination are promising candidates to fight GNB colonizing catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Bouhrour
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.J.K.v.d.R.); (M.M.V.); (B.S.-R.); (P.H.N.)
| | - Tanny J. K. van der Reijden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.J.K.v.d.R.); (M.M.V.); (B.S.-R.); (P.H.N.)
| | - Michella M. Voet
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.J.K.v.d.R.); (M.M.V.); (B.S.-R.); (P.H.N.)
| | - Bep Schonkeren-Ravensbergen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.J.K.v.d.R.); (M.M.V.); (B.S.-R.); (P.H.N.)
| | - Robert A. Cordfunke
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.A.C.); (J.W.D.)
| | - Jan Wouter Drijfhout
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.A.C.); (J.W.D.)
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.J.K.v.d.R.); (M.M.V.); (B.S.-R.); (P.H.N.)
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18
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Pryjmaková J, Grossberger D, Kutová A, Vokatá B, Šlouf M, Slepička P, Siegel J. A New Promising Material for Biological Applications: Multilevel Physical Modification of AgNP-Decorated PEEK. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3079. [PMID: 38132977 PMCID: PMC10745567 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In the case of polymer medical devices, the surface design plays a crucial role in the contact with human tissue. The use of AgNPs as antibacterial agents is well known; however, there is still more to be investigated about their anchoring into the polymer surface. This study describes the changes in the surface morphology and behaviour in the biological environment of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with immobilised AgNPs after different surface modifications. The initial composites were prepared by immobilising silver nanoparticles from a colloid solution in the upper surface layers of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). The prepared samples (Ag/PEEK) had a planar morphology and were further modified with a KrF laser, a GaN laser, and an Ar plasma. The samples were studied using the AFM method to visualise changes in surface morphology and obtain information on the height of the structures and other surface parameters. A comparative analysis of the nanoparticles and polymers was performed using FEG-SEM. The chemical composition of the surface of the samples and optical activity were studied using XPS and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Finally, drop plate antibacterial and cytotoxicity tests were performed to determine the role of Ag nanoparticles after modification and suitability of the surface, which are important for the use of the resulting composite in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pryjmaková
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (D.G.); (A.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Daniel Grossberger
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (D.G.); (A.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Anna Kutová
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (D.G.); (A.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Barbora Vokatá
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Petr Slepička
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (D.G.); (A.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jakub Siegel
- Department of Solid-State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (D.G.); (A.K.); (J.S.)
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Bharathi D, Lee J, F Albeshr M, Fahad Alrefaei A, Le TT, Mathimani T. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon by graphitic carbonitride-nickel (g-C 3N 4-Ni) nanocomposite. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140464. [PMID: 37852378 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to synthesize g-C3N4-Ni nanocomposites composed of graphitic carbon nitride and magnetic nickel nanoparticles for benzopyrene degradation, which is one of the most potent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) molecules. The concocted g-C3N4-Ni nanocomposites contained confined nanospheres with a mean particle dimension of 22 nm. Batch adsorption studies revealed that a rise in adsorbent dosage elevates benzopyrene degradation percentage in both water and soil samples with respect to time. The increase in the benzopyrene concentration did not have much influence on the degradation efficiency, and hence, the minimal concentration of PAH molecule is essential for the effective adsorption by g-C3N4-Ni nanocomposites. The rise in pH tends to increase the degradation of Benzopyrene till 3 h of the incubation period, and beyond 3 h, the degradation percentage declines. With regard to the effect of light source, UV light has been shown to accelerate the degradation of benzopyrene by g-C3N4-Ni nanocomposites than sunlight. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm investigations have proven that the Pseudo-second order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model were appropriate for our study. Thus, the g-C3N4-Ni nanocomposites were found to be efficient as a photocatalyst for the adsorption of benzopyrene from environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Bharathi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed F Albeshr
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - T T Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering and Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering and Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
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20
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Xin B, Cao S, Bai G, Huang X, Ye C, Hu R, Gao X, Zou W, Liu T. Risk Factors for Postoperative Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Spinal Tumor Surgery. Clin Spine Surg 2023; 36:E478-E483. [PMID: 37448177 DOI: 10.1097/bsd.0000000000001494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A retrospective comparative case-control study. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with spinal tumors requiring reoperation during the perioperative period. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA SSI is a common postoperative complication of spinal surgery. The occurrence of SSI not only increases the mortality rate but prolongs the patient's hospital stay and increases the medical cost. METHODS Included in this study were 202 patients with spinal tumors who received surgical treatment between January 2008 and December 2018, of whom 101 patients who developed SSI and underwent secondary surgery were used as the SSI group, and the other 101 patients with no SSI who were matched with the SSI group by age (±10), pathologic diagnosis (malignant/no-malignant), tumor site (C/T/L/S), surgical approach (anterior/posterior/combined), and surgical team were used as the control group. The clinical data of the 202 patients in both groups were analyzed by logistic regression modeling to identify SSI-associated risk factors. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the revision status ( B =1.430, P =0.028), the number of spinal levels fused ≥4 ( B =0.963, P =0.006), and the use of bone cement ( B =0.739, P =0.046) were significantly associated with the increased risk of developing postoperative SSI. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the revision status, the number of spinal levels fused ≥4, and the use of bone cement as independent risk factors for SSI in patients with spinal tumors who underwent reoperation during the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoquan Xin
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Departments of Orthopaedic Oncology
| | | | - Guangjian Bai
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Departments of Orthopaedic Oncology
| | | | - Chen Ye
- Departments of Orthopaedic Oncology
| | | | - Xin Gao
- Departments of Orthopaedic Oncology
| | - Weiwei Zou
- Medical Imaging, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Vaziri C, Darkoh C. Environmental contamination contributing to the spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in nursing homes. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2023; 4:e587-e588. [PMID: 37924838 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Vaziri
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles Darkoh
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases Program, Houston, TX, USA.
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22
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Thasu Dinakaran V, Santhaseelan H, Krishnan M, Devendiran V, Dahms HU, Duraikannu SL, Rathinam AJ. Gracilaria salicornia as potential substratum for green synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles coupled hydrogel: An effective antimicrobial thin film. Microb Pathog 2023; 184:106360. [PMID: 37722491 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Sodium alginate based (SA) hydrogel supplemented Cerium Oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) was produced to fabricate an antimicrobial thin film using an aqueous extract of G. salicornia (Gs). The Gs-CeO2NPs were characterized via SEM, FT-IR, EDX, XRD and DLS, the particle size was 200 nm, agreed with XRD. Gs-SA powder was extracted and incorporated with CeO2NPs. The Gs-SA and its composite thin film (Gs-CeO2NPs-SATF) were characterized including viscosity, FT-IR, TGA, and SEM. The adhesion of Gs-SA coating around Gs-CeO2NPs confirmed via FTIR. The antimicrobial properties of Gs-CeO2NPs and CeO2NPs-SATF were proved in MICs for E. coli and Candida albicans at 62.5 and 250.0 μg/mL. The biofilm inhibition efficiency of CeO2NPs-SATF was 74.67 ± 0.98% and 65.45 ± 0.40% for E. coli and Candida albicans. The CeO2NPs-SATF was polydisperse in nature and film structure gets fluctuated with NPs concentration. Increased NPs into SATF enhances pore size of gel and corroborated with viscous behaviour. The cytotoxicity of Gs-CeO2NP-SA in Artemia salina at higher concentration 100 μg/mL provides less lethal effect into the adult. The antioxidant activity of Gs-CeO2NP-SA in DPPH assay was noticed at 0.6 mg ml-1 with radical scavenging activity at 65.85 ± 0.81%. Thus the Gs-CeO2NP-SATF would be suitable in antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henciya Santhaseelan
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthukumar Krishnan
- Department of Petrochemical Technology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, University College of Engineering, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velmurugan Devendiran
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hans Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | | | - Arthur James Rathinam
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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23
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Narciso F, Cardoso S, Monge N, Lourenço M, Martin V, Duarte N, Santos C, Gomes P, Bettencourt A, Ribeiro IAC. 3D-printed biosurfactant-chitosan antibacterial coating for the prevention of silicone-based associated infections. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 230:113486. [PMID: 37572399 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Infections associated with the surfaces of medical devices represent a critical problem due to biofilm formation and the growing resistance towards antibacterial drugs. This is particularly relevant in commonly used invasive devices such as silicone-based ones where a demand for alternative antibiofilm surfaces is increasing. In this work, an antimicrobial chitosan-biosurfactant hydrogel mesh was produced by 3D-printing. The 3D structure was designed to coat polydimethylsiloxane-based medical devices for infection prevention. Additionally, the porous 3D structure allows the incorporation of customized bioactive components. For this purpose, two biosurfactants (surfactin and sophorolipids) were biosynthesized and tested for their antimicrobial activity. In addition, the printing of surfactant-chitosan-based coatings was optimized, and the resulting 3D structures were characterized (i.e., wettability, FTIR-ATR, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility). Compared with surfactin, the results showed a better yield and higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria for sophorolipids (SLs). Thus, SLs were used to produce chitosan-based 3D-printed coatings. Overall, the SLs-impregnated coatings showed the best antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus planktonic bacteria (61 % of growth inhibition) and antibiofilm activity (2 log units reduction) when compared to control. Furthermore, concerning biocompatibility, the coatings were cytocompatible towards human dermal fibroblasts. Finally, the coating presented a mesh suitable to be filled with a model bioactive compound (i.e., hyaluronic acid), paving the way to be used for customized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Narciso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 1829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sara Cardoso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Monge
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudos Educacionais (CIED), Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Campus de Benfica do IPL, 1549-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Madalena Lourenço
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Victor Martin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration - Faculty of Dental Medicine, U. Porto Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; LAQV/REQUIMTE, U. Porto, Porto, 4160-007, Portugal
| | - Noélia Duarte
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Santos
- CQE Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal; EST Setúbal, CDP2T, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Campus IPS, 2910 Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Pedro Gomes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration - Faculty of Dental Medicine, U. Porto Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; LAQV/REQUIMTE, U. Porto, Porto, 4160-007, Portugal
| | - Ana Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Isabel A C Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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24
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Thandavamoorthy R, Devarajan Y, Kaliappan N. Antimicrobial, function, and crystalline analysis on the cellulose fibre extracted from the banana tree trunks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15301. [PMID: 37714888 PMCID: PMC10504245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42160-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive substances such as phenolic compounds, antioxidants, and antibacterial agents are found in natural fibres. In this study, banana fibre was extracted from the trunks of banana plants. Antibacterial activity, FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis were performed to characterize the banana cellulose fibre, and also raw and alkali-treated banana fibre composite was fabricated with an epoxy matrix. Results of the antibacterial analysis indicate that this banana cellulose fibre strongly impedes bacterial growth with elevated inhibitory zones. The primary peaks observed at 1170 cm-1 and 1426 cm-1 by FTIR analysis correspond to C-O stretching, O-H bending, aliphatic ether, secondary alcohol, and carboxylic acid. The morphological analysis reveals the fibre quality, and the EDX analysis confirms the elements present in the banana cellulose fibre. The XRD results demonstrated a more significant proportion (76.8%) of the amorphous region. This study indicates that banana cellulose fibre could be a promising source of antimicrobial compounds. In addition, the mechanical properties of alkali-treated banana fibre composite were preferable to raw fibre composite by an average of 3% for this banana fibre composite. As a result, this composite can be used to manufacture automobile interior components, as it can reduce the sanitizing periods of interior components during winter months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Thandavamoorthy
- Material Science Lab, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Yuvarajan Devarajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Nandagopal Kaliappan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
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25
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Jarelnape AA. The Assessment of Nursing Staff Knowledge and Barriers Regarding Aseptic Techniques in Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Sudan. Cureus 2023; 15:e45265. [PMID: 37846261 PMCID: PMC10576657 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aseptic techniques are crucial in preventing healthcare-associated infections, which are an integral part of standard precautions, and encompass a range of practices designed to safeguard patients from healthcare-associated infections. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge and identify the barriers faced by nursing staff in implementing aseptic techniques. Methodology This study employed a stratified random sampling technique to ensure the representation of the research sample. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used to assess the knowledge and barriers of nursing staff in maintaining aseptic techniques in their medical practice at Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Sudan. The nursing staff members were divided into different units, and a proportionate number of participants were randomly selected from each stratum. A total of 83 nursing staff members were recruited for this study. Data collection was conducted using a structured questionnaire specifically designed for this study. The questionnaire consisted of items that assessed the nursing staff's knowledge and barriers to aseptic technique implementation. Results The study findings revealed that the mean knowledge score of nursing staff was 14.12, with a median score of 15. The knowledge score had a standard deviation of 3.22. Approximately two-thirds of the nurses (66.3%) had an average level of knowledge, while 33.7% had a below-average level of knowledge. The chi-square analysis indicated a significant association between educational level, years of experience, and knowledge scores (P value=0.010) at a significance level of 0.05. Additionally, 65% of the participants reported facing multiple challenges in maintaining aseptic techniques, including insufficient training, limited resources, and inadequate support. Conclusion In conclusion, the evaluation revealed that a significant proportion of participants felt that their unit lacked adequate training and resources for aseptic techniques. Many had observed colleagues not adhering to aseptic practices, and the participants faced multiple challenges in maintaining aseptic techniques, including insufficient training, limited resources, time constraints, and inadequate support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Jarelnape
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Baha University, Al Baha, SAU
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26
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Tran NN, Morrisette T, Jorgensen SCJ, Orench-Benvenutti JM, Kebriaei R. Current therapies and challenges for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-related infections. Pharmacotherapy 2023; 43:816-832. [PMID: 37133439 DOI: 10.1002/phar.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections and contributes to significant increase in morbidity and mortality especially when associated with medical devices and in biofilm form. Biofilm structure provides a pathway for the enrichment of resistant and persistent phenotypes of S. aureus leading to relapse and recurrence of infection. Minimal diffusion of antibiotics inside biofilm structure leads to heterogeneity and distinct physiological activity. Additionally, horizontal gene transfer between cells in proximity adds to the challenges associated with eradication of biofilms. This narrative review focuses on biofilm-associated infections caused by S. aureus, the impact of environmental conditions on biofilm formation, interactions inside biofilm communities, and the clinical challenges that they present. Conclusively, potential solutions, novel treatment strategies, combination therapies, and reported alternatives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki N Tran
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center - The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Taylor Morrisette
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Medical University of South Carolina Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah C J Jorgensen
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - José M Orench-Benvenutti
- P3 Research Laboratory, Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Razieh Kebriaei
- P3 Research Laboratory, Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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27
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Serra Neto A, Marques SG, Bomfim MRQ, Monteiro SG, de Souza RC, Nunes RA. Microbiological Analysis of Surgeons' Hands in a Public Hospital in São Luis, Maranhão State, Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1895. [PMID: 37630455 PMCID: PMC10456775 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antisepsis of the hands of medical personnel is one of the most important steps in the process of patient care, since direct contact can cause the cross-transfer of potentially pathogenic microorganisms at surgical sites. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of microorganisms on the hands of 131 surgeons in a university hospital before the surgical procedure. Swabs were collected from each clinician's hands before and after handwashing. The samples were placed in a transport medium and immediately delivered to a private clinical analysis laboratory from São Luis-Maranhão. The microorganisms were identified by ionization source mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI-TOF), and antibiotic susceptibility tests (AST) were performed using the Vitek2 and Phoenix-BD automated system. The results showed a high frequency (100%) of microorganisms before handwashing, but after surgical antisepsis, the rate dropped significantly (p < 0.05) to 27.5%. The gram-positive species most detected were Staphylococcus spp. and Micrococcus luteus, representing 83.9%, followed by gram-negative species, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas gessardi, Pantoea septica, Serratia marcescens, and Burkholderia lata. The effectiveness of hand antisepsis was 72.5%, demonstrating that surgeons' hands are an important source of microorganisms that can cause infections in hospitalized patients in different care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Serra Neto
- Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (HUUFMA), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil
| | - Sirlei G. Marques
- Departamento de Planejamento de Gestão da Qualidade e Vigilância em Saúde, Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (HUUFMA), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil;
| | - Maria Rosa Q. Bomfim
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Ceuma (UNICEUMA), São Luís 65075-120, Brazil;
| | - Silvio G. Monteiro
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Rosangela C. de Souza
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Rodolfo A. Nunes
- Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil;
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28
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Tang M, Qian C, Zhang X, Liu Y, Pan W, Yao Z, Zeng W, Xu C, Zhou T. When Combined with Pentamidine, Originally Ineffective Linezolid Becomes Active in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0313822. [PMID: 37125928 PMCID: PMC10269503 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03138-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and their biofilm-relevant infections pose a threat to public health. The drug combination strategy provides a new treatment option for CRE infections. This study explored the synergistic antibacterial, antibiofilm activities as well as the in vivo efficacy against CRE of pentamidine combined with linezolid. This study further revealed the possible mechanisms underlying the synergy of the combination. The checkerboard and time-kill assays showed that pentamidine combined with linezolid had significant synergistic antibacterial effects against CRE strains (9/10). Toxicity assays on mammal cells (mouse RAW264.7 and red blood cells) and on Galleria mellonella confirmed that the concentrations of pentamidine and/or linezolid that were used were relatively safe. Antibiofilm activity detection via crystal violet staining, viable bacteria counts, and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the combination enhanced the inhibition of biofilm formation and the elimination of established biofilms. The G. mellonella infection model and mouse thigh infection model demonstrated the potential in vivo efficacy of the combination. In particular, a series of mechanistic experiments elucidated the possible mechanisms for the synergy in which pentamidine disrupts the outer membranes, dissipates the membrane potentials, and devitalizes the efflux pumps of CRE, thereby facilitating the intracellular accumulation of linezolid and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which ultimately kills the bacteria. Taken together, when combined with pentamidine, which acts as an outer membrane permeabilizer and as an efflux pump inhibitor, originally ineffective linezolid becomes active in CRE and exhibits excellent synergistic antibacterial and antibiofilm effects as well as a potential therapeutic effect in vivo on CRE-relevant infections. IMPORTANCE The multidrug resistance and biofilm formation of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) may lead to incurable "superbug" infections. Drug combinations, with the potential to augment the original treatment ranges of drugs, are alternative treatment strategies against GNB. In this study, the pentamidine-linezolid combination showed notable antibacterial and antibiofilm activity both in vitro and in vivo against the problem carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Pentamidine is often used as an antiprotozoal and antifungal agent, and linezolid is a defensive Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) antimicrobial. Their combination expands the treatment range to GNB. Hence, the pentamidine-linezolid pair may be an effective treatment for complex infections that are mixed by GPB, GNB, and even fungi. In terms of mechanism, pentamidine inhibited the outer membranes, membrane potentials, and efflux pumps of CRE. This might be a universal mechanism by which pentamidine, as an adjuvant, potentiates other drugs, similar to linezolid, thereby having synergistic antibacterial effects on CRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Changrui Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaotuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhuocheng Yao
- Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiliang Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunquan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tieli Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
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29
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Sławiński G, Kempa M, Przybylski A. Prevention of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections: A Review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:176. [PMID: 39077520 PMCID: PMC11264162 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2406176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) in the treatment of cardiac rhythm disturbances, heart failure, and the prevention of sudden cardiac death is indisputable. However, CIED therapy is associated with complications, among which infections are particularly unfavourable in terms of prognosis. The diagnosis and management of CIED infections remain complex, with a significant impact on mortality and healthcare costs. For these reasons, the risk factors for CIED infections and methods of their prevention have been assessed in recent years. This review summarises the current state of knowledge on the subject. We also outlined the role of alternative methods, such as subcutaneous defibrillators, leadless pacemakers, and wearable cardioverter defibrillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Sławiński
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
- Club 30, Polish Cardiac Society, 00-193 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Kempa
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Przybylski
- Medical College, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
- Cardiology Department with the Acute Coronary Syndromes Subdivision, Clinical Provincial Hospital No 2, 35-301 Rzeszów, Poland
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30
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Obeidat O, Abdullahi AH, Ismail Z, Ismail MF, Alzghoul H, Tarawneh M, Elsadek R, Al-Ani H, Hurlock NP, Smock AL. Diabetes mellitus impact on left ventricular assist device outcomes in heart failure patients: National Inpatient Sample study. Future Cardiol 2023; 19:397-404. [PMID: 37578268 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2023-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognized risk factor for heart failure (HF), increasing the likelihood of requiring left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy. Objective: This retrospective cohort study aims to assess the impact of DM on LVAD patients, focusing on in-hospital mortality as the primary outcome. Methods: Utilizing the National Inpatient Sample administrative database, data from 11,506 adult HF patients who underwent LVAD implantation were analyzed. Results: Of the patients, 44.28% had diabetes. Adjusting for various factors, diabetic patients exhibited shorter hospital stays, lower admission costs and similar in-hospital mortality rates compared with non-diabetic patients. Conclusion: These findings enhance our understanding of the risks and benefits of LVAD therapy in patients with refractory HF and DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Obeidat
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Abdullah H Abdullahi
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Zeeshan Ismail
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Mohamed F Ismail
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Hamza Alzghoul
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Mohammed Tarawneh
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Rabab Elsadek
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Hashim Al-Ani
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Natalie P Hurlock
- Graduate Medical Education, Physician Services Group, HCA Research, HCA Healthcare, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Andrew L Smock
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
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31
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Rodrigues FMS, Tavares I, Aroso RT, Dias LD, Domingos CV, de Faria CMG, Piccirillo G, Maria TMR, Carrilho RMB, Bagnato VS, Calvete MJF, Pereira MM. Photoantibacterial Poly(vinyl)chloride Films Applying Curcumin Derivatives as Bio-Based Plasticizers and Photosensitizers. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052209. [PMID: 36903453 PMCID: PMC10004679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we describe the design of natural curcumin ester and ether derivatives and their application as potential bioplasticizers, to prepare photosensitive phthalate-free PVC-based materials. The preparation of PVC-based films incorporating several loadings of newly synthesized curcumin derivatives along with their standard solid-state characterization is also described. Remarkably, the plasticizing effect of the curcumin derivatives in the PVC material was found to be similar to that observed in previous PVC-phthalate materials. Finally, studies applying these new materials in the photoinactivation of S. aureus planktonic cultures revealed a strong structure/activity correlation, with the photosensitive materials reaching up to 6 log CFU reduction at low irradiation intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio M. S. Rodrigues
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Iúri Tavares
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael T. Aroso
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lucas D. Dias
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Carolina V. Domingos
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Clara M. G. de Faria
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Giusi Piccirillo
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa M. R. Maria
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui M. B. Carrilho
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vanderlei S. Bagnato
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mário J. F. Calvete
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.J.F.C.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Mariette M. Pereira
- CQC Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.J.F.C.); (M.M.P.)
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Deposition of Chitosan on Plasma-Treated Polymers-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051109. [PMID: 36904353 PMCID: PMC10007447 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Materials for biomedical applications often need to be coated to enhance their performance, such as their biocompatibility, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, or to assist the regeneration process and influence cell adhesion. Among naturally available substances, chitosan meets the above criteria. Most synthetic polymer materials do not enable the immobilization of the chitosan film. Therefore, their surface should be altered to ensure the interaction between the surface functional groups and the amino or hydroxyl groups in the chitosan chain. Plasma treatment can provide an effective solution to this problem. This work aims to review plasma methods for surface modification of polymers for improved chitosan immobilization. The obtained surface finish is explained in view of the different mechanisms involved in treating polymers with reactive plasma species. The reviewed literature showed that researchers usually use two different approaches: direct immobilization of chitosan on the plasma-treated surface or indirect immobilization by additional chemistry and coupling agents, which are also reviewed. Although plasma treatment leads to remarkably improved surface wettability, this was not the case for chitosan-coated samples, where a wide range of wettability was reported ranging from almost superhydrophilic to hydrophobic, which may have a negative effect on the formation of chitosan-based hydrogels.
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Gaálová-Radochová B, Kendra S, Jordao L, Kursawe L, Kikhney J, Moter A, Bujdáková H. Effect of Quorum Sensing Molecule Farnesol on Mixed Biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030441. [PMID: 36978309 PMCID: PMC10044556 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural bioactive molecule farnesol (FAR) is widely studied mainly for its antibiofilm and antimicrobial properties. In addition, it increases the effectiveness of some antimicrobial substances, which makes it interesting for the development of combined therapy. In the present work, the effect of FAR either alone or in combination with oxacillin (OXA) on mixed biofilms formed by clinically relevant pathogens, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, was studied. S. aureus isolates used for biofilm formation originated from blood cultures and central venous catheters (CVC) were characterized in terms of antimicrobial resistance. The minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC50) for FAR of 48 h mixed biofilms formed by the C. albicans and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) was determined to be 125 μM, and for the mixed biofilms with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was determined to be 250 μM. Treatment of mixed biofilms with OXA (2 mg/mL) showed ≤4% inhibition; however, the combination of OXA (2 mg/mL) and FAR (300 μM) resulted in 80% inhibition of biofilms. In addition, planktonic cells of S. aureus exhibited an increased susceptibility to OXA, cefoxitin and kanamycin in the presence of FAR (150 and 300 μM). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs confirmed patchy biofilm and lack of candidal hyphae in the samples treated with FAR and FAR/OXA in comparison to control and mixed biofilms treated only with OXA. Intriguingly, in a pilot experiment using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), considerable differences in activity (as indicated by ribosome content) of staphylococcal cells were detected. While the activity rate of the staphylococci in mixed biofilms treated with FAR was high, no FISH-positive signal for staphylococcal cells was found in the biofilm treated with FAR/OXA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Gaálová-Radochová
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-9014-9480
| | - Samuel Kendra
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Luisa Jordao
- Department of Environmental Health, Research and Development Unit, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Laura Kursawe
- Biofilmcenter, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- MoKi Analytics GmbH, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Kikhney
- Biofilmcenter, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- MoKi Analytics GmbH, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Moter
- Biofilmcenter, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- MoKi Analytics GmbH, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Moter Diagnostics, Marienplatz 9, 12207 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Bujdáková
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Cacaci M, Squitieri D, Palmieri V, Torelli R, Perini G, Campolo M, Di Vito M, Papi M, Posteraro B, Sanguinetti M, Bugli F. Curcumin-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Strongly Prevents Candida parapsilosis Adhesion and Biofilm Formation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:275. [PMID: 37259419 PMCID: PMC9967767 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida parapsilosis is the major non-C. albicans species involved in the colonization of central venous catheters, causing bloodstream infections. Biofilm formation on medical devices is considered one of the main causes of healthcare-associated infections and represents a global public health problem. In this context, the development of new nanomaterials that exhibit anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm properties for the coating of medical devices is crucial. In this work, we aimed to characterize the antimicrobial activity of two different coated-surfaces, graphene oxide (GO) and curcumin-graphene oxide (GO/CU) for the first time, against C. parapsilosis. We report the capacity of GO to bind and stabilize CU molecules, realizing a homogenous coated surface. We tested the anti-planktonic activity of GO and GO/CU by growth curve analysis and quantification of Reactive Oxigen Species( ROS) production. Then, we tested the antibiofilm activity by adhesion assay, crystal violet assay, and live and dead assay; moreover, the inhibition of the formation of a mature biofilm was investigated by a viability test and the use of specific dyes for the visualization of the cells and the extra-polymeric substances. Our data report that GO/CU has anti-planktonic, anti-adhesive, and anti-biofilm properties, showing a 72% cell viability reduction and a decrease of 85% in the secretion of extra-cellular substances (EPS) after 72 h of incubation. In conclusion, we show that the GO/CU conjugate is a promising material for the development of medical devices that are refractory to microbial colonization, thus leading to a decrease in the impact of biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Cacaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Damiano Squitieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Palmieri
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Centro Nazionale Ricerche (CNR), 00185, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Torelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giordano Perini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maura Di Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Posteraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endocrino Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bugli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Moldovan C, Rusu E, Cochior D, Toba ME, Mocanu H, Adam R, Rimbu M, Ghenea A, Savulescu F, Godoroja D, Botea F. Ten-year multicentric retrospective analysis regarding postoperative complications and impact of comorbidities in hemorrhoidal surgery with literature review. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:366-384. [PMID: 36686344 PMCID: PMC9850966 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i2.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is considered a low-severity pathology by both general population and physicians, but the lengthy conservative therapy and postoperative complications suggest otherwise.
AIM To assess the effectiveness of different treatment options, both conservative and surgical, in contrast with some preexisting comorbidities.
METHODS We conducted a retrospective, 10-yearlong study between January 2011 and December 2021 in two surgical centers, a private and a state-owned hospital. We compared the efficacy and safety of several treatment options, such as open hemorrhoidectomy, stapled hemorrhoidopexy, rubber band ligation and infrared coagulation in terms of complication rates and types and their correlation with different preexisting comorbidities such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), use of anticoagulant medication (AM) and liver cirrhosis. We also conducted a 20-years long PubMed research (1.263 articles) for relevant comparisons.
RESULTS Our study recorded 10940 patients with HD, 10241 with conservative and 699 with surgical treatment. Out of these, the male-to-female ratio of 1.3, and a peak in age distribution between 59 and 68 years old (32% of patients). For the entire study, we recorded a 90% incidence of immediate pain, immediate bleeding in 1.5% (11 cases), delayed bleeding in 1.0% (7 cases), and 0.6% surgical site infections. Urinary retention was also present, with 0.2% of patients, anal stricture in 1% and fecal incontinence for 0.5% of patients (4 cases). We recorded no severe complications such as Fournier`s gangrene or rectovaginal perforations. IBD accounted for 6% of the patients, with ulcerative colitis in 12% and Chron`s disease in 10.5%. 6.6% of the patients had AM, determining 4% immediate and 2% delayed bleeding, in surgically treated patients.
CONCLUSION Our study determined that most common complications (pain, urinary retention, bleeding, and stricture) are correlated with each surgical technique and pre-existing comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin Moldovan
- Department of Medical Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Witting Clinical Hospital, Bucharest 010243, Romania
| | - Elena Rusu
- Department of Preclinic Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
| | - Daniel Cochior
- Department of Medical Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Sanador Clinical Hospital, Bucharest 010991, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Monza Clinical Hospital, Bucharest 021967, Romania
| | - Madalina Elena Toba
- Department of Medical Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Witting Clinical Hospital, Bucharest 010243, Romania
| | - Horia Mocanu
- Department of Medical Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Ilfov County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest 022104, Romania
| | - Razvan Adam
- Department of Medical Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest 011461, Romania
| | - Mirela Rimbu
- Medical Doctoral School, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 040317, Romania
| | - Adrian Ghenea
- Department of Coloproctology, MedLife SA Băneasa Hyperclinic, Bucharest 013693, Romania
| | - Florin Savulescu
- Department of Medical Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest 010242, Romania
| | - Daniela Godoroja
- Department of Anesthesia, Ponderas Academic Hospital, Bucharest 014142, Romania
| | - Florin Botea
- Department of Medical Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Bucharest 031593, Romania
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest 022328, Romania
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Synergistic Potentiation of Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Penicillin and Bacitracin by Octyl Gallate, a Food-Grade Antioxidant, in Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121775. [PMID: 36551432 PMCID: PMC9774760 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a major nosocomial pathogen that frequently forms biofilms on indwelling medical devices. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of octyl gallate (OG) in combination with penicillin and bacitracin against S. epidermidis. Antimicrobial synergy was assessed by conducting checkerboard titration assays, and antibiofilm activity was determined with biofilm assays and fluorescence microscopy analysis. The presence of 8 µg/mL of OG increased both the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of penicillin and bacitracin against S. epidermidis. It lowered the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of penicillin by eight-fold and those of bacitracin by four-fold. Moreover, when used with penicillin or bacitracin, OG significantly decreased the level of biofilm production by preventing microcolony formation. Furthermore, OG significantly permeabilized the bacterial cell wall, which may explain its antimicrobial synergy with penicillin and bacitracin. Together, these results demonstrate that OG, a food-grade antioxidant, can be potentially used as a drug potentiator to enhance the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of penicillin and bacitracin against S. epidermidis.
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Zamora-Mendoza L, Guamba E, Miño K, Romero MP, Levoyer A, Alvarez-Barreto JF, Machado A, Alexis F. Antimicrobial Properties of Plant Fibers. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227999. [PMID: 36432099 PMCID: PMC9699224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI), or nosocomial infections, are a global health and economic problem in developed and developing countries, particularly for immunocompromised patients in their intensive care units (ICUs) and surgical site hospital areas. Recurrent pathogens in HAIs prevail over antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For this reason, natural antibacterial mechanisms are a viable alternative for HAI treatment. Natural fibers can inhibit bacterial growth, which can be considered a great advantage in these applications. Moreover, these fibers have been reported to be biocompatible and biodegradable, essential features for biomedical materials to avoid complications due to infections and significant immune responses. Consequently, tissue engineering, medical textiles, orthopedics, and dental implants, as well as cosmetics, are fields currently expanding the use of plant fibers. In this review, we will discuss the source of natural fibers with antimicrobial properties, antimicrobial mechanisms, and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Zamora-Mendoza
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Esteban Guamba
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Karla Miño
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Maria Paula Romero
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Anghy Levoyer
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - José F. Alvarez-Barreto
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - António Machado
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Frank Alexis
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Quito 170901, Ecuador
- Correspondence:
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Acet Ö, Dikici E, Acet BÖ, Odabaşı M, Mijakovic I, Pandit S. Inhibition of bacterial adhesion by epigallocatechin gallate attached polymeric membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 221:113024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Coatings with Natural Products—One Perspective on the Challenges Related to New Coatings’ Development. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12070941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, bacterial infection resulting from the prolonged use of medical devices in contact with the human body is a major problem [...]
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40
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Cao H, Qiao S, Qin H, Jandt KD. Antibacterial Designs for Implantable Medical Devices: Evolutions and Challenges. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030086. [PMID: 35893454 PMCID: PMC9326756 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The uses of implantable medical devices are safer and more common since sterilization methods and techniques were established a century ago; however, device-associated infections (DAIs) are still frequent and becoming a leading complication as the number of medical device implantations keeps increasing. This urges the world to develop instructive prevention and treatment strategies for DAIs, boosting the studies on the design of antibacterial surfaces. Every year, studies associated with DAIs yield thousands of publications, which here are categorized into four groups, i.e., antibacterial surfaces with long-term efficacy, cell-selective capability, tailored responsiveness, and immune-instructive actions. These innovations are promising in advancing the solution to DAIs; whereas most of these are normally quite preliminary “proof of concept” studies lacking exact clinical scopes. To help identify the flaws of our current antibacterial designs, clinical features of DAIs are highlighted. These include unpredictable onset, site-specific incidence, and possibly involving multiple and resistant pathogenic strains. The key point we delivered is antibacterial designs should meet the specific requirements of the primary functions defined by the “intended use” of an implantable medical device. This review intends to help comprehend the complex relationship between the device, pathogens, and the host, and figure out future directions for improving the quality of antibacterial designs and promoting clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Cao
- Interfacial Electrochemistry and Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Chair of Materials Science, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.Q.); (H.Q.); (K.D.J.)
| | - Shichong Qiao
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.Q.); (H.Q.); (K.D.J.)
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.Q.); (H.Q.); (K.D.J.)
| | - Klaus D. Jandt
- Chair of Materials Science, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC), Neugasse 23, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.Q.); (H.Q.); (K.D.J.)
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Saod WM, Hamid LL, Alaallah NJ, Ramizy A. Biosynthesis and antibacterial activity of manganese oxide nanoparticles prepared by green tea extract. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 34:e00729. [PMID: 35686003 PMCID: PMC9171442 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Manganese oxide nanoparticle (MnO NPs) successfully synthesized and confirmed by many techniques. The characteristic nanoparticles properties of MnO NP were proved by UV–Vis, XRD and FTIR. The shape and size of MnO NPs were demonstrated by SEM equipment. MnO NP exhibited strong antibacterial activity when scanned against pathogenic bacteria.
Amongst chemical and physical techniques, the biosynthesis method of metal nanoparticles has received the interest of many researchers owing to its environmental safety, simplicity and inexpensiveness. Manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) were successfully synthesised using green tea extract as the reducing agent and characterised by UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The shape and size of the MnO NPs were obtained by scanning electron microscopy. The size of the MnO NPs was 20–30 nm. The MnO NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, namely, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with inhibition zones of 12, 14 and 18 mm, respectively. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the MnO NPs was 12.5 U/mL as determined by resazurin microtitre assay. The activities of some antibiotics remarkably increased when combined with MnO NPs (at MIC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahran M Saod
- Chemistry department, College of science, University Of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Layth L Hamid
- Biology department, College of science, University Of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | | | - Asmiet Ramizy
- Physics department, College of science, University Of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
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42
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Jacquart S, Girod-Fullana S, Brouillet F, Pigasse C, Siadous R, Fatnassi M, Grimoud J, Rey C, Roques C, Combes C. Injectable bone cement containing carboxymethyl cellulose microparticles as a silver delivery system able to reduce implant-associated infection risk. Acta Biomater 2022; 145:342-357. [PMID: 35429671 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the challenging quest for a solution to reduce the risk of implant-associated infections in bone substitution surgery, the use of silver ions is promising regarding its broad spectrum on planktonic, sessile as well as multiresistant bacteria. In view of controlling its delivery in situ at the desired dose, we investigated its encapsulation in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) microparticles by spray-drying and included the latter in the formulation of a self-setting calcium phosphate bone cement. We implemented an original step-by-step methodology starting from the in vitro study of the antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity of two silver salts of different solubility in aqueous medium and then in the cement to determine the range of silver loading able to confer anti-biofilm and non-cytotoxic properties to the biomaterial. A dose-dependent efficiency of silver was demonstrated on the main species involved in bone-implant infection (S. aureus and S. epidermidis). Loading silver in microspheres instead of loading it directly inside the cement permitted to avoid undesired silver-cement interactions during setting and led to a faster release of silver, i.e. to a higher dose released within the first days combining anti-biofilm activity and preserved cytocompatibility. In addition, a combined interest of the introduction of about 10% (w/w) silver-loaded CMC microspheres in the cement formulation was demonstrated leading to a fully injectable and highly porous (77%) cement, showing a compressive strength analogous to cancellous bone. This injectable silver-loaded biomimetic composite cement formulation constitutes a versatile bone substitute material with tunable drug delivery properties, able to fight against bone implant associated infection. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study is based on two innovative scientific aspects regarding the literature: i) Choice of silver ions as antibacterial agent combined with their way of incorporation: Carboxymethylcellulose has never been tested into bone cement to control its drug loading and release properties. ii) Methodology to formulate an antibacterial and injectable bone cement: original and multidisciplinary step-by-step methodology to first define, through (micro)biological tests on two silver salts with different solubilities, the targeted range of silver dose to include in carboxymethylcellulose microspheres and, then optimization of silver-loaded microparticles processing to fulfill requirements (encapsulation efficiency and size). The obtained fully injectable composite controls the early delivery of active dose of silver (from 3 h and over 2 weeks) able to fight against bone implant-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Jacquart
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Girod-Fullana
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabien Brouillet
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christel Pigasse
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Robin Siadous
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1026 Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), Bordeaux, France
| | - Mohamed Fatnassi
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Grimoud
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Rey
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Roques
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Toulouse, France
| | - Christèle Combes
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse, France.
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