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Yang R, Ji CL, Zhang M, Zhang J, Yuan HJ, Luo MJ, Jiao GZ, Tan JH. Role of calcium-sensing receptor in regulating activation susceptibility of postovulatory aging mouse oocytes. J Reprod Dev 2023; 69:185-191. [PMID: 37245986 PMCID: PMC10435528 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2023-026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying postovulatory oocyte aging (POA) remain largely unknown. The expression of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in mouse oocytes and its role in POA need to be explored. Our objective was to observe CaSR expression and its role in the susceptibility to activating stimuli (STAS) in POA mouse oocytes. The results showed that, although none of the newly ovulated oocytes were activated, 40% and 94% of the oocytes recovered 19 and 25 h after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection were activated, respectively, after ethanol treatment. The level of the CaSR functional dimer protein in oocytes increased significantly from 13 to 25 h post hCG. Thus, the CaSR functional dimer level was positively correlated with the STAS of POA oocytes. Aging in vitro with a CaSR antagonist suppressed the elevation of STAS, and cytoplasmic calcium in oocytes recovered 19 h post hCG, whereas aging with a CaSR agonist increased STAS, and cytoplasmic calcium of oocytes recovered 13 h post hCG. Furthermore, the CaSR was more important than the Na-Ca2+ exchanger in regulating oocyte STAS, and T- and L-type calcium channels were inactive in aging oocytes. We conclude that the CaSR is involved in regulating STAS in POA mouse oocytes, and that it is more important than the other calcium channels tested in this connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Li Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jie Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jiu Luo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Zhong Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai City 264000, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Jing-He Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong, P. R. China
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Tasbulak O, Duran M, Aktemur T, Guler A, Kahraman S, Ulutas AE, Erturk M, Yalcin AA. Impact of iliac arterial calcification on procedure success and long-term outcomes among patients undergoing endovascular intervention. Vascular 2021; 30:490-499. [PMID: 34098814 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211020958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vascular calcification is a well-known phenomenon and affects coronary and carotid arteries as well as other arterial beds. Presence of arterial calcification is associated with major adverse events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary artery or carotid artery intervention. Even though there is a clear association between worse outcome and coronary-carotid calcification, there is no research that interrogated the relationship between iliac arterial calcification and clinical outcomes because of lack of data. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of iliac arterial calcification on procedure success rates and long-term outcomes among patients undergoing endovascular intervention. METHODS The records of 453 consecutive patients who underwent endovascular intervention due to symptomatic peripheral artery disease were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of heavy calcification of iliac arteries. For each group, technical aspects of procedures and subsequent clinical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS According to our study, the rate of restenosis following endovascular intervention at 6 and 12 months were similar between two groups. On the other hand, long-term restenosis was significantly higher in patients with heavy calcification of iliac arteries as compared to patients with low calcification on iliac arteries (32.2% vs. 12.8%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that there was a strong association between heavy calcification of iliac arteries and long-term restenosis in patients undergoing endovascular intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Tasbulak
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Duran
- Department of Cardiology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tugba Aktemur
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arda Guler
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kahraman
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Emir Ulutas
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erturk
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Arif Yalcin
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Xia Z, Wang C, Wang X, Yu H, Yao H, Shen H, Lan X, Wu X, Zhang G. NCX3 alleviates ethanol-induced apoptosis of SK-N-SH cells via the elimination of intracellular calcium ions. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 72:105104. [PMID: 33516933 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Long-term alcohol intake may cause nerve cell apoptosis and induce various encephalopathies. Previously, we have shown that the expression of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 3 (NCX3) was associated with the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and apoptosis, involved in the spatial memory impairment in male C57BL/6 mice with chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure. However, the mechanism involved is unclear. Here, we investigated the expression of NCX3 and its protective effect on SK-N-SH cells (a nerve cell line) after EtOH exposure. [Ca2+]i was measured using Fluo-3 AM reagent. Cell viability and the apoptotic rate were assayed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of p-cAMP-responsive element binding protein1(p-CREB 1), NCX3 protein, and mRNA were observed using Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Cleaved-caspase-3, caspase-3, rabbit anti- poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and calpain-1 proteins were used to assess the degree of apoptosis. Our results showed that EtOH increased [Ca2+]i and apoptosis of SK-N-SH cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The expression of NCX3 protein and mRNA was up regulated obviously after SK-N-SH cells were treated with EtOH. The phosphorylation levels of Akt and CREB 1 were up regulated in cells treated with EtOH. The expression of NCX3 protein was reduced in the SK-N-SH cells treated with Akt phosphorylation inhibitor (LY294002). The [Ca2+]i and apoptosis rate of SK-N-SH cells increased 1.31-fold and 1.52-fold after silencing NCX3 compared with those treated with 200 mM EtOH alone for 2 d. In contrast, the [Ca2+]i and apoptosis rate of SK-N-SH cells decreased 0.26-fold and 0.35-fold after overexpression of NCX3 in the 2 d-200 mM EtOH treatment group. These results suggest that NCX3 plays a critical role in neuronal protection via the elimination of intracellular Ca2+, which may be a promising target for the prevention and treatment of encephalopathy after ethanol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiu Xia
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Changliang Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China; The People's Procuratorate of Liaoning Province Judicial Authentication Center, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Xinze Lan
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China.
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Li Y, Lou C, Wang W. STIM1 deficiency protects the liver from ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:422-428. [PMID: 29305862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is unavoidable in various clinical conditions. Despite considerable investigation, the underlying molecular mechanism revealing liver I/R injury remains elusive. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) plays essential role in regulating the induction of cellular responses to a number of stress conditions, including temperature changes, elevated ROS, and hypoxia. Here, to explore if STIM1 is involved in hepatic injury, wild type (WT) and STIM1-knockout (STIM1-/-) mice were subjected to I/R. Our results indicated that the WT mice with hepatic I/R injury showed higher STIM1 expressions from gene and protein levels in liver tissue samples. Similar results were observed in hypoxia-exposed cells in vitro. Significantly, STIM1-/- attenuated hepatic injury compared to the WT mice after I/R, as evidenced by the improved pathological alterations in liver sections. WT mice subjected to liver I/R showed higher serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aminotransferase (AST) levels, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β, which were significantly reduced by STIM1-/-. In addition, STIM1-/- also decreased the liver mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice after I/R injury. Furthermore, significantly decreased oxidative stress was found in STIM1-/- mice after I/R injury compared to the WT group of mice, evidenced by the enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in liver tissue samples. Moreover, STIM1-/- mice with hepatic I/R injury displayed the down-regulated nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT1), Orai1 and cleaved Caspase-3 levels in liver, contributing to apoptosis suppression. The results above were confirmed in hypoxia-treated cells lacking of STIM1 expression. Together, the findings suggested that STIM1-deletion protects the liver from I/R injury in mice through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. STIM1 could be considered as a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China.
| | - Chunyan Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Weiying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
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Yoon MN, Kim DK, Kim SH, Park HS. Hydrogen peroxide attenuates refilling of intracellular calcium store in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:233-239. [PMID: 28280417 PMCID: PMC5343057 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.2.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) oscillation is an initial event in digestive enzyme secretion of pancreatic acinar cells. Reactive oxygen species are known to be associated with a variety of oxidative stress-induced cellular disorders including pancreatitis. In this study, we investigated the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on intracellular Ca2+ accumulation in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. Perfusion of H2O2 at 300 µM resulted in additional elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels and termination of oscillatory Ca2+ signals induced by carbamylcholine (CCh) in the presence of normal extracellular Ca2+. Antioxidants, catalase or DTT, completely prevented H2O2-induced additional Ca2+ increase and termination of Ca2+ oscillation. In Ca2+-free medium, H2O2 still enhanced CCh-induced intracellular Ca2+ levels and thapsigargin (TG) mimicked H2O2-induced cytosolic Ca2+ increase. Furthermore, H2O2-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels was abolished under sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase-inactivated condition by TG pretreatment with CCh. H2O2 at 300 µM failed to affect store-operated Ca2+ entry or Ca2+ extrusion through plasma membrane. Additionally, ruthenium red, a mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter blocker, failed to attenuate H2O2-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation. These results provide evidence that excessive generation of H2O2 in pathological conditions could accumulate intracellular Ca2+ by attenuating refilling of internal Ca2+ stores rather than by inhibiting Ca2+ extrusion to extracellular fluid or enhancing Ca2+ mobilization from extracellular medium in mouse pancreatic acinar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Na Yoon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Dong Kwan Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Se Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Hyung Seo Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.; Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
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6
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Limbu S, Hoang-Trong TM, Prosser BL, Lederer WJ, Jafri MS. Modeling Local X-ROS and Calcium Signaling in the Heart. Biophys J 2016; 109:2037-50. [PMID: 26588563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stretching single ventricular cardiac myocytes has been shown experimentally to activate transmembrane nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase type 2 to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the Ca2+ spark rate in a process called X-ROS signaling. The increase in Ca2+ spark rate is thought to be due to an increase in ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) open probability by direct oxidation of the RyR2 protein complex. In this article, a computational model is used to examine the regulation of ROS and calcium homeostasis by local, subcellular X-ROS signaling and its role in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. To this end, a four-state RyR2 model was developed that includes an X-ROS-dependent RyR2 mode switch. When activated, [Ca2+]i-sensitive RyR2 open probability increases, and the Ca2+ spark rate changes in a manner consistent with experimental observations. This, to our knowledge, new model is used to study the transient effects of diastolic stretching and subsequent ROS production on RyR2 open probability, Ca2+ sparks, and the myoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) during excitation-contraction coupling. The model yields several predictions: 1) [ROS] is produced locally near the RyR2 complex during X-ROS signaling and increases by an order of magnitude more than the global ROS signal during myocyte stretching; 2) X-ROS activation just before the action potential, corresponding to ventricular filling during diastole, increases the magnitude of the Ca2+ transient; 3) during prolonged stretching, the X-ROS-induced increase in Ca2+ spark rate is transient, so that long-sustained stretching does not significantly increase sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak; and 4) when the chemical reducing capacity of the cell is decreased, activation of X-ROS signaling increases sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak and contributes to global oxidative stress, thereby increases the possibility of arrhythmia. The model provides quantitative information not currently obtainable through experimental means and thus provides a framework for future X-ROS signaling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Limbu
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, School of Systems Biology and The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Tuan M Hoang-Trong
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, School of Systems Biology and The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - W Jonathan Lederer
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Department of Physiology University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - M Saleet Jafri
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, School of Systems Biology and The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Department of Physiology University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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7
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Rivet CA, Kniss-James AS, Gran MA, Potnis A, Hill A, Lu H, Kemp ML. Calcium Dynamics of Ex Vivo Long-Term Cultured CD8+ T Cells Are Regulated by Changes in Redox Metabolism. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159248. [PMID: 27526200 PMCID: PMC4985122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells reach a state of replicative senescence characterized by a decreased ability to proliferate and respond to foreign antigens. Calcium release associated with TCR engagement is widely used as a surrogate measure of T cell response. Using an ex vivo culture model that partially replicates features of organismal aging, we observe that while the amplitude of Ca2+ signaling does not change with time in culture, older T cells exhibit faster Ca2+ rise and a faster decay. Gene expression analysis of Ca2+ channels and pumps expressed in T cells by RT-qPCR identified overexpression of the plasma membrane CRAC channel subunit ORAI1 and PMCA in older T cells. To test whether overexpression of the plasma membrane Ca2+ channel is sufficient to explain the kinetic information, we adapted a previously published computational model by Maurya and Subramaniam to include additional details on the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) process to recapitulate Ca2+ dynamics after T cell receptor stimulation. Simulations demonstrated that upregulation of ORAI1 and PMCA channels is not sufficient to explain the observed alterations in Ca2+ signaling. Instead, modeling analysis identified kinetic parameters associated with the IP3R and STIM1 channels as potential causes for alterations in Ca2+ dynamics associated with the long term ex vivo culturing protocol. Due to these proteins having known cysteine residues susceptible to oxidation, we subsequently investigated and observed transcriptional remodeling of metabolic enzymes, a shift to more oxidized redox couples, and post-translational thiol oxidation of STIM1. The model-directed findings from this study highlight changes in the cellular redox environment that may ultimately lead to altered T cell calcium dynamics during immunosenescence or organismal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A. Rivet
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ariel S. Kniss-James
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Margaret A. Gran
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Anish Potnis
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Abby Hill
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hang Lu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Melissa L. Kemp
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Fonseca ACR, Resende R, Cardoso SM, Pereira CF. The role of proteotoxic stress in vascular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS IN DISEASES 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/ersc-2015-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the principal cause of dementia in the elderly; however, its prevalence is increasing due to the fact that current pharmaceuticals used to manage the symptoms are not capable of preventing, halting, or reversing disease progression. In the last decade, evidence has accumulated to support the hypothesis that a primary cerebral vascular dysfunction initiates the cascade of events that leads to neuronal injury and the subsequent cognitive decline observed in AD. The mechanisms underlying these vascular defects and their relationship with neurodegeneration are still poorly understood however. It is pathologically known that cerebrovascular dysfunctions can induce the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ), an amyloidogenic and toxic peptide that in turn causes cerebrovascular degeneration. Mammalian cells regulate proteostasis and the functioning of intracellular organelles through diverse mechanisms such as the Unfolded Protein Response, the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and autophagy; however, when these mechanisms cannot compensate for perturbations in homeostasis, the cell undergoes programmed death via apoptosis. This review summarizes recent studies that together correlate the deregulation of protein quality control pathways with dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells of the brain in AD, thus supporting the hypothesis that it is the vicious, progressive failure of the proteostatic network and endothelial activation that underlies the cerebrovascular changes that symptomize AD.
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Fonseca ACRG, Moreira PI, Oliveira CR, Cardoso SM, Pinton P, Pereira CF. Amyloid-beta disrupts calcium and redox homeostasis in brain endothelial cells. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:610-22. [PMID: 24833600 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease, the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain occurs in the parenchyma and cerebrovasculature. Several evidences support that the neuronal demise is potentiated by vascular alterations in the early stages of the disease, but the mechanisms responsible for the dysfunction of brain endothelial cells that underlie these cerebrovascular changes are unknown. Using rat brain microvascular endothelial cells, we found that short-term treatment with a toxic dose of Aβ1-40 inhibits the Ca(2+) refill and retention ability of the endoplasmic reticulum and enhances the mitochondrial and cytosolic response to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-stimulated endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release. Upon prolonged Aβ1-40 exposure, Ca(2+) homeostasis was restored concomitantly with a decrease in the levels of proteins involved in its regulation operating at the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. Along with perturbations in Ca(2+) regulation, an early increase in the levels of oxidants and a decrease in the ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione were observed in Aβ1-40-treated endothelial cells. Under these conditions, the nuclear levels of oxidative stress-related transcription factors, namely, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-related factor 2, were enhanced as well as the protein levels of target genes. In conclusion, Aβ1-40 affects several mechanisms involved in Ca(2+) homeostasis and impairs the redox homeostasis simultaneously with stimulation of protective stress responses in brain endothelial cells. However, the imbalance between cell death and survival pathways leads to endothelial dysfunction that in turn contributes to cerebrovascular impairment in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina R G Fonseca
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
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10
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Zhang CX, Cui W, Zhang M, Zhang J, Wang TY, Zhu J, Jiao GZ, Tan JH. Role of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) in modulating postovulatory aging of mouse and rat oocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93446. [PMID: 24695407 PMCID: PMC3973580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the role of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) in modulating oocyte postovulatory aging by observing changes in NCX contents and activities in aging mouse and rat oocytes. Whereas the NCX activity was measured by observing oocyte activation following culture with NCX inhibitor or activator, the NCX contents were determined by immunohistochemical quantification. Although NCX was active in freshly-ovulated rat oocytes recovered 13 h post hCG injection and in aged oocytes recovered 19 h post hCG in both species, it was not active in freshly-ovulated mouse oocytes. However, NCX became active when the freshly-ovulated mouse oocytes were activated with ethanol before culture. Measurement of cytoplasmic Ca2+ revealed Ca2+ increases always before NCX activation. Whereas levels of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation susceptibility increased, the density of NCX member 1 (NCX1) decreased significantly with oocyte aging in both species. While culture with H2O2 decreased the density of NCX1 significantly, culture with NaCl supplementation sustained the NCX1 density in mouse oocytes. It was concluded that (a) the NCX activity was involved in the modulation of oocyte aging and spontaneous activation; (b) ROS and Na+ regulated the NCX activity in aging oocytes by altering its density as well as functioning; and (c) cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation was essential for NCX activation in the oocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
| | - Wei Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Zhong Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
| | - Jing-He Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Rocha-Singh KJ, Zeller T, Jaff MR. Peripheral arterial calcification: prevalence, mechanism, detection, and clinical implications. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2014; 83:E212-20. [PMID: 24402839 PMCID: PMC4262070 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.25387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), particularly medial (Mönckeberg's medial sclerosis) arterial calcification, is common in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and genetic pathways of VC are not fully known, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and the suppression of parathyroid hormone activity are central to the development of vessel mineralization and, consequently, bone demineralization. In addition to preventive measures, such as the modification of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors, current treatment strategies include the use of calcium-free phosphate binders, vitamin D analogs, and calcium mimetics that have shown promising results, albeit in small patient cohorts. The impact of intimal and medial VC on the safety and effectiveness of endovascular devices to treat symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains poorly defined. The absence of a generally accepted, validated vascular calcium grading scale hampers clinical progress in assessing the safety and utility of various endovascular devices (e.g., atherectomy) in treating calcified vessels. Accordingly, we propose the peripheral arterial calcium scoring system (PACSS) and a method for its clinical validation. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of vascular calcification and the development of optimal medical and endovascular treatment strategies are crucial as the population ages and presents with more chronic comorbidities.
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12
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Wang TY, Li Q, Li Q, Li H, Zhu J, Cui W, Jiao GZ, Tan JH. Non-frozen preservation protocols for mature mouse oocytes dramatically extend their developmental competence by reducing oxidative stress. Mol Hum Reprod 2013; 20:318-29. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gat088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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13
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McCarthy DA, Clark RR, Bartling TR, Trebak M, Melendez JA. Redox control of the senescence regulator interleukin-1α and the secretory phenotype. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32149-32159. [PMID: 24062309 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.493841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate in aged tissue and are causally linked to age-associated tissue degeneration. These non-dividing, metabolically active cells are highly secretory and alter tissue homeostasis, creating an environment conducive to metastatic disease progression. IL-1α is a key senescence-associated (SA) proinflammatory cytokine that acts as a critical upstream regulator of the SA secretory phenotype (SASP). We established that SA shifts in steady-state H2O2 and intracellular Ca(2+) levels caused an increase in IL-1α expression and processing. The increase in intracellular Ca(2+) promoted calpain activation and increased the proteolytic cleavage of IL-1α. Antioxidants and low oxygen tension prevented SA IL-1α expression and restricted expression of SASP components IL-6 and IL-8. Ca(2+) chelation or calpain inhibition prevented SA processing of IL-1α and its ability to induce downstream cytokine expression. Conditioned medium from senescent cells treated with antioxidants or Ca(2+) chelators or cultured in low oxygen markedly reduced the invasive capacity of proximal metastatic cancer cells. In this paracrine fashion, senescent cells promoted invasion by inducing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, actin reorganization, and cellular polarization of neighboring cancer cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate how SA alterations in the redox state and Ca(2+) homeostasis modulate the inflammatory phenotype through the regulation of the SASP initiator IL-1α, creating a microenvironment permissive to tumor invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A McCarthy
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - Ryan R Clark
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - Toni R Bartling
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - J Andres Melendez
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203.
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McCarthy DA, Ranganathan A, Subbaram S, Flaherty NL, Patel N, Trebak M, Hempel N, Melendez JA. Redox-control of the alarmin, Interleukin-1α. Redox Biol 2013; 1:218-25. [PMID: 24024155 PMCID: PMC3757693 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) has recently emerged as a susceptibility marker for a wide array of inflammatory diseases associated with oxidative stress including Alzheimer's, arthritis, atherosclerosis, diabetes and cancer. In the present study, we establish that expression and nuclear localization of IL-1α are redox-dependent. Shifts in steady-state H2O2 concentrations (SS-[H2O2]) resulting from enforced expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) drive IL-1α mRNA and protein expression. The redox-dependent expression of IL-1α is accompanied by its increased nuclear localization. Both IL-1α expression and its nuclear residency are abrogated by catalase co-expression. Sub-lethal doses of H2O2 also cause IL-1α nuclear localization. Mutagenesis revealed IL-1α nuclear localization does not involve oxidation of cysteines within its N terminal domain. Inhibition of the processing enzyme calpain prevents IL-1α nuclear localization even in the presence of H2O2. H2O2 treatment caused extracellular Ca2+ influx suggesting oxidants may influence calpain activity indirectly through extracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Functionally, as a result of its nuclear activity, IL-1α overexpression promotes NF-kB activity, but also interacts with the histone acetyl transferase (HAT) p300. Together, these findings demonstrate a mechanism by which oxidants impact inflammation through IL-1α and suggest that antioxidant-based therapies may prove useful in limiting inflammatory disease progression. Sod2-dependent increases in steady-state H2O2 promote IL-1α expression. H2O2 causes nuclear localization of IL-1α and extracellular Ca2+ influx. Inhibition of the Ca2+ regulated calpain prevents H2O2 dependent IL-1α nuclear localization. Nuclear IL-1α interacts with p300 and promotes NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A McCarthy
- College of Nanoscale Sciences and Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12203, USA
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15
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α-lipoic acid reduces hypertension and increases baroreflex sensitivity in renovascular hypertensive rats. Molecules 2012; 17:13357-67. [PMID: 23143148 PMCID: PMC6268197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171113357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Renovascular hypertension has robust effects on control of blood pressure, including an impairment in baroreflex mechanisms, which involves oxidative stress. Although α-lipoic acid (LA) has been described as a potent antioxidant, its effect on renovascular hypertension and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) has not been investigated. In the present study we analyzed the effects caused by chronic treatment with LA on blood pressure, heart rate and baroreflex sensitivity (sympathetic and parasympathetic components) in renovascular hypertensive rats. Male Wistar rats underwent 2-Kidney-1-Clip (2K1C) or sham surgery and were maintained untouched for four weeks to develop hypertension. Four weeks post-surgery, rats were treated with LA (60 mg/kg) or saline for 14 days orally. On the 15th day mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded. In addition, baroreflex sensitivity test using phenylephrine (8 µg/kg, i.v.) and sodium nitroprusside (25 µg/kg, i.v.) was performed. Chronic treatment with LA decreased blood pressure in hypertensive animals; however, no significant changes in baseline HR were observed. Regarding baroreflex, LA treatment increased the sensitivity of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic components. All parameters studied were not affected by treatment with LA in normotensive animals. Our data suggest that chronic treatment with LA promotes antihypertensive effect and improves baroreflex sensitivity in rats with renovascular hypertension.
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Wang H, Wang M, Wang B, Li M, Chen H, Yu X, Zhao Y, Feng W, Chai Z. The distribution profile and oxidation states of biometals in APP transgenic mouse brain: dyshomeostasis with age and as a function of the development of Alzheimer's disease. Metallomics 2012; 4:289-96. [PMID: 22301945 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt00104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The enrichment of transition metals in the brain and the dyshomeostasis of metals are thought to be important etiological factors for elderly people in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the understanding of how biometals dynamically dysregulate in the stages of AD development, such as the exact time-dependent and site-dependent accumulation in the brain with AD progression, is still limited. Herein, by using the APP/V717I transgenic mouse model and age-matched mice as control, we offer distinctive in situ and quantitative images of metals (Cu, Fe, Zn and Ca) in brain sections by synchrotron radiation micro beam X-ray fluorescence (SR-μXRF). The images show that Fe and Ca increased with brain aging in both AD and control (CNT) mice, and Cu, Fe, Zn and Ca appeared significantly elevated in AD mice and showed an obvious age-dependent rise. Fe, Cu and Zn were obviously specifically enriched in the cortex and hippocampus, which were also the plaque-formation sensitive brain regions. Our results demonstrate that the enrichment of transition metals with age and metals' dyshomeostasis in specific regions may contribute together to the etiology and development of AD in elderly people. The XANES measurements of Cu and Fe show evidence that Cu may have redox properties in the AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajian Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
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17
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Li Q, Jiang C, Zu Y, Song Z, Zhang B, Meng X, Qiu W, Zhang L. SFE-CO2 extract from Typhonium giganteum Engl. tubers, induces apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells involvement of a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway. Molecules 2011; 16:8228-42. [PMID: 21959296 PMCID: PMC6264752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16108228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Typhonium giganteum Engl. (BaiFuzi) is one of the herbs commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine against cancer. In our previous studies, 37 compounds were identified the SFE-CO2 (supercritical fluid extraction with CO2) extract by GC-MS, including the four major components [β-sitosterol (40.22%), campesterol (18.45%), n-hexadecanoic acid (9.52%) and (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (8.15%)]. The anti-cancer mechanisms of the SFE-CO2 extract from T. giganteum Engl. tubers have not been reported as yet. In this paper, the molecular mechanisms of the SFE-CO2 extract-mediated apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells were further examined. SFE-CO2 extract inhibited the growth of SMMC-7721 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, arrested the cell cycle in the S phase and G2/M phase, and induced apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, a rise in intracellular calcium levels were found in SMMC-7721 cells after treated with the extract. Western blot analysis showed that the extract caused down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression, and up-regulation of Bax expression. Moreover, caspase-3 and caspase-9 protease activity significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our results showed that the SFE-CO2 extract from T. giganteum Engl. tubers induces apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells involving a ROS-mediated mitochondrial signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +86-451-82192336; Fax: +86-451-82102082
| | - Chunfei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yuangang Zu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhen Song
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Baoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiangdong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Wei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (B.Z.); (X.M.); (W.Q.); (L.Z.)
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Liu H, Zhang C, Huang K. Lanthanum chloride suppresses oxysterol-induced ECV-304 cell apoptosis via inhibition of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration elevation, oxidative stress, and activation of ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Biol Inorg Chem 2011; 16:671-81. [PMID: 21359969 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-011-0766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies have demonstrated that oral administration of lanthanum chloride (LaCl(3)) inhibits the development of atherosclerosis, but the related mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Oxysterols are toxic to the vascular endothelial cells which are important in preventing the formation and progression of atheromatous plaque. In this study, we examined the effect of LaCl(3) on oxysterol cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (Triol)-induced apoptosis and the related mechanisms in ECV-304 cells, a presumptive endothelial cell line. Incubation with Triol resulted in apoptosis of ECV-304 cells, as determined by Hoechst 33342 staining, fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled annexin V/propidium iodide double staining, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Triol activated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and inhibition of Triol-activated ERK and NF-κB signaling by specific inhibitors attenuated apoptosis induction by Triol in ECV-304 cells. Pretreatment with LaCl(3) (1 μM) for 12 h before exposure to Triol decreased Triol-mediated apoptosis as well as activation of ERK and NF-κB. In addition, Triol induced oxidative stress in ECV-304 cells, manifested by the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and malondialdehyde level, and the reduction of the content of total protein thiols and the activity of antioxidant glutathione peroxidases; LaCl(3) pretreatment significantly reversed these effects. Finally, LaCl(3) pretreatment significantly inhibited the increases of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration induced by Triol. Our study suggests that Triol induced ECV-304 cell apoptosis, and LaCl(3) could suppress this effect probably by inhibiting intracellular Ca(2+) concentration elevation, oxidative stress, as well as activation of ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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