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Li Y, Hei J, He X, Rui R, Wang S. The Relationship between Endophytic Fungi of Chimonanthus praecox and Volatile Metabolites under Different Circadian Rhythms and Blooming Stages. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:145. [PMID: 38392817 PMCID: PMC10890430 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimonanthus praecox is an aromatic plant that flowers in winter. The composition of the floral volatiles of C. praecox is influenced by different blooming stages, circadian rhythms and species. However, the relationship between floral volatiles and plant endophytic fungi has not received much research attention. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to compare and analyze the changes in the structure and diversity of the endophytic fungal communities in C. praecox under different circadian rhythms (7:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., and 7:00 p.m.) and in different blooming stages (unopened flowers and opened flowers). The endophytic fungi of C. praecox consisted of nine phyla, 34 classes, 79 orders, 181 families, 293 genera, and 397 species, and Ascomycota was the dominant phylum. Under a diurnal rhythm, the diversity (Chao1 and Shannon indices) of endophytic fungi gradually decreased in the unopened flowers, while an increasing and then decreasing trend was found for the opened flowers. In the different blooming stages, the endophytic fungal diversity was significantly higher at 7:00 a.m. in the unopened flowers compared to the opened flowers. Humidity was the key factors that significantly affected the endophytic fungal diversity and community. Moreover, 11 endophytic fungi were significantly positively or negatively correlated with seven floral volatiles. In conclusion, the community structure and diversity of endophytic fungi in C. praecox were affected by the different blooming stages and circadian rhythms, and a correlation effect related to floral volatiles was found, but there are other possible reasons that were not tested. This study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the interrelationships between endophytic fungi, floral volatiles, and environmental factors in C. praecox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Underforest Resource Protection and Utilization in Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture of Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jingying Hei
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in Southwest Mountainous Area, Kunming International Research and Development Center of Ecological Forestry Industry, Kunming 650233, China
| | - Xiahong He
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in Southwest Mountainous Area, Kunming International Research and Development Center of Ecological Forestry Industry, Kunming 650233, China
| | - Rui Rui
- Key Laboratory of Underforest Resource Protection and Utilization in Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture of Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in Southwest Mountainous Area, Kunming International Research and Development Center of Ecological Forestry Industry, Kunming 650233, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Underforest Resource Protection and Utilization in Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture of Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in Southwest Mountainous Area, Kunming International Research and Development Center of Ecological Forestry Industry, Kunming 650233, China
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Waqar S, Bhat AA, Khan AA. Endophytic fungi: Unravelling plant-endophyte interaction and the multifaceted role of fungal endophytes in stress amelioration. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108174. [PMID: 38070242 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi colonize interior plant tissue and mostly form mutualistic associations with their host plant. Plant-endophyte interaction is a complex mechanism and is currently a focus of research to understand the underlying mechanism of endophyte asymptomatic colonization, the process of evading plant immune response, modulation of gene expression, and establishment of a balanced mutualistic relationship. Fungal endophytes rely on plant hosts for nutrients, shelter, and transmission and improve the host plant's tolerance against biotic stresses, including -herbivores, nematodes, bacterial, fungal, viral, nematode, and other phytopathogens. Endophytic fungi have been reported to improve plant health by reducing and eradicating the harmful effect of phytopathogens through competition for space or nutrients, mycoparasitism, and through direct or indirect defense systems by producing secondary metabolites as well as by induced systemic resistance (ISR). Additionally, for efficient crop improvement, practicing them would be a fruitful step for a sustainable approach. This review article summarizes the current research progress in plant-endophyte interaction and the fungal endophyte mechanism to overcome host defense responses, their subsequent colonization, and the establishment of a balanced mutualistic interaction with host plants. This review also highlighted the potential of fungal endophytes in the amelioration of biotic stress. We have also discussed the relevance of various bioactive compounds possessing antimicrobial potential against a variety of agricultural pathogens. Furthermore, endophyte-mediated ISR is also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Waqar
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Adil Ameen Bhat
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Abrar Ahmad Khan
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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3
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Shen WH, Zhou LL, Li XP, Cong RP, Huang QY, Zheng LP, Wang JW. Bamboo polysaccharides elicit hypocrellin A biosynthesis of a bambusicolous fungus Shiraia sp. S9. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:341. [PMID: 37828354 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellin A (HA), a fungal perylenequinone from bambusicolous Shiraia species, is a newly developed photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy in cancer and other infectious diseases. The lower yield of HA is an important bottleneck for its biomedical application. This study is the first report of the enhancement of HA production in mycelium culture of Shiraia sp. S9 by the polysaccharides from its host bamboo which serve as a strong elicitor. A purified bamboo polysaccharide (BPSE) with an average molecular weight of 34.2 kDa was found to be the most effective elicitor to enhance fungal HA production and characterized as a polysaccharide fraction mainly composed of arabinose and galactose (53.7: 36.9). When BPSE was added to the culture at 10 mg/L on day 3, the highest HA production of 422.8 mg/L was achieved on day 8, which was about 4.0-fold of the control. BPSE changed the gene expressions mainly responsible for central carbon metabolism and the cellular oxidative stress. The induced generation of H2O2 and nitric oxide was found to be involved in both the permeabilization of cell membrane and HA biosynthesis, leading to enhancements in both intra- and extracellular HA production. Our results indicated the roles of plant polysaccharides in host-fungal interactions and provided a new elicitation technique to improve fungal perylenequinone production in mycelium cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hao Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lu Lu Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xin Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rui Peng Cong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qun Yan Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Li Ping Zheng
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Toppo P, Kagatay LL, Gurung A, Singla P, Chakraborty R, Roy S, Mathur P. Endophytic fungi mediates production of bioactive secondary metabolites via modulation of genes involved in key metabolic pathways and their contribution in different biotechnological sector. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:191. [PMID: 37197561 PMCID: PMC10183385 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi stimulate the production of an enormous number of bioactive metabolites in medicinal plants and affect the different steps of biosynthetic pathways of these secondary metabolites. Endophytic fungi possess a number of biosynthetic gene clusters that possess genes for various enzymes, transcription factors, etc., in their genome responsible for the production of secondary metabolites. Additionally, endophytic fungi also modulate the expression of various genes responsible for the synthesis of key enzymes involved in metabolic pathways of such as HMGR, DXR, etc. involved in the production of a large number of phenolic compounds as well as regulate the expression of genes involved in the production of alkaloids and terpenoids in different plants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of gene expression related to endophytes and their impact on metabolic pathways. Additionally, this review will emphasize the studies done to isolate these secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi in large quantities and assess their bioactivity. Due to ease in synthesis of secondary metabolites and their huge application in the medical industry, these bioactive metabolites are now being extracted from strains of these endophytic fungi commercially. Apart from their application in the pharmaceutical industry, most of these metabolites extracted from endophytic fungi also possess plant growth-promoting ability, bioremediation potential, novel bio control agents, sources of anti-oxidants, etc. The review will comprehensively shed a light on the biotechnological application of these fungal metabolites at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Toppo
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Lahasang Lamu Kagatay
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Ankita Gurung
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Priyanka Singla
- Department of Botany, Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Rakhi Chakraborty
- Department of Botany, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy Government College, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
| | - Piyush Mathur
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal India
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A Method for Improving Microbial Conversion of Diosgenin and Separation and Identification of the Product. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Diosgenin, a hydrolysis product from Dioscorea plants, can be used as a precursor of steroid drugs (e.g., progesterone, testosterone, and glucocorticoid). However, traditional acid hydrolysis production wastes water and causes severe environmental pollution. The extraction of diosgenin through microbial transformation is the most green and environmentally friendly method at present. In order to improve the efficiency of the extraction of diosgenin through microbial transformation, we proposed a new method of strain mutagenesis. After mutagenesis, the response surface methodology was used to optimize the solid-state fermentation medium, thereby improving the diosgenin yield. We found that the optimal formulation was 5.5% sucrose, 0.6% NH4H2PO4, and 26.6% wheat bran. The final extraction rate of diosgenin reached 0.439% (the value of diosgenin per g. of starting plant dry material). Compared with 0.338% before optimization, it had increased 1.29 times. Furthermore, two other compounds were isolated from the fermentation products. These were identified as diosgenone (C27H41O3) and yuccagenone (C27H42O3). Traditional diosgenone is obtained through the oxidation of diosgenin with oxalic acid, but the method in this study is directly obtained from Dioscorea rhizome powder. The price of Dioscorea rhizome powder is much lower than diosgenin, thus greatly reducing the cost of obtaining diosgenone. This method provides a basis for subsequent research on other pharmacological compounds.
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Murtazina A, Ruiz Alcala G, Jimenez-Martinez Y, Marchal JA, Tarabayeva A, Bitanova E, McDougall G, Bishimbayeva N, Boulaiz H. Anti-Cancerous Potential of Polysaccharides Derived from Wheat Cell Culture. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051100. [PMID: 35631686 PMCID: PMC9147229 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a global need to discover effective anti-cancerous compounds from natural sources. Cultivated wheat cells can be a valuable source of non-toxic or low toxic plant-derived polysaccharides. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer ability of seven fractions of wheat cell culture polysaccharides (WCCPSs) in the HCT-116 colon cancer cell line. Almost all (6/7) fractions had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of colon cancer cells, and two fractions (A-b and A-f) had considerable therapeutic indexes. The WCCPS fractions induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and induced different rates of apoptosis (≤48%). Transmission and scanning electron microscopy revealed that WCCPS fractions caused apoptotic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including damage to mitochondria and external morphological signs of apoptosis. In addition, the WCCPSs induced an increase in the levels of Bax, cytochrome c, and caspases 8 and 3, indicating that cell death progressed through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Furthermore, some fractions caused a significant decrease of c-Myc, b-catenin, NFkB2, and HCAM (CD 44) levels, indicating enhanced cell differentiation. Thus, for the first time, our results provide a proof of concept of the anti-cancer capacity of WCCPS fractions in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alima Murtazina
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Department of General Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Asfendyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty A35B8H9, Kazakhstan; (A.T.); (E.B.)
- Research Center “Bioscience Technologies”, Almaty A15G7B0, Kazakhstan
| | - Gloria Ruiz Alcala
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Yaiza Jimenez-Martinez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Anel Tarabayeva
- Department of General Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Asfendyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty A35B8H9, Kazakhstan; (A.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Elmira Bitanova
- Department of General Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Asfendyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty A35B8H9, Kazakhstan; (A.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Gordon McDougall
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK;
| | - Nazira Bishimbayeva
- Research Center “Bioscience Technologies”, Almaty A15G7B0, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty A15E3B4, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence: or (N.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Houria Boulaiz
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: or (N.B.); (H.B.)
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Biotechnological strategies for the sustainable production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:569-585. [PMID: 33404834 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diosgenin is a plant-derived secondary metabolite mainly present in the members of the plant family Dioscoreaceae. It is a pharmaceutically important compound because of its anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, anticoagulant, anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-ageing and other properties. Biotechnology provides an opportunity to genetically manipulate cells, tissues, organs or the whole organisms by propagating them in vitro in order to harvest the bioactive compounds. Diosgenin production from botanical sources is being improved by in vitro techniques which include elicitation, genetic transformations and bioconversions. Various techniques have been developed to obtain compounds for drug detection including separation from plants and other natural sources, molecular modelling, synthetic chemistry and combinatorial chemistry. Development in molecular markers determines genetic relationship, genetic linkage map construction, genetic diversity and identification. For rapid clonal propagation and ex situ conservation, the in vitro tools involving plant cell, tissue and organ culture have been well documented for plant-derived diosgenin production. The present review encompasses the wide application of the biotechnological techniques for diosgenin production via elucidating its biosynthetic pathway, in vitro production and mass propagation and elicitation. In addition, molecular marker-mediated diversity assessment of diosgenin containing plant species is also discussed. The review also presents the recent literature to explore the limitations of the relevant studies and future direction of research on production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp. KEY POINTS: • Critical and updated assessment on sustainable production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp. • In vitro propagation of Dioscorea spp. and elicitation of diosgenin production. • Diversity assessment of Dioscorea spp. using molecular markers.
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Shaikh S, Shriram V, Khare T, Kumar V. Biotic elicitors enhance diosgenin production in Helicteres isora L. suspension cultures via up-regulation of CAS and HMGR genes. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:593-604. [PMID: 32205933 PMCID: PMC7078398 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to find an alternative and potent source of diosgenin, a steroidal saponin in great demand for its pharmaceutical importance, Helicteres isora suspension cultures were explored for diosgenin extraction. The effect of biotic elicitors on the biosynthesis of diosgenin, in suspension cultures of H. isora was studied. Bacterial as well as fungal elicitors such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger were applied at varying concentrations to investigate their effects on diosgenin content. The HPLC based quantification of the treated samples proved that amongst the biotic elicitors, E. coli (1.5%) proved best with a 9.1-fold increase in diosgenin content over respective control cultures. Further, the scaling-up of the suspension culture to shake-flask and ultimately to bioreactor level were carried out for production of diosgenin. During all the scaling-up stages, diosgenin yield obtained was in the range between 7.91 and 8.64 mg l-1, where diosgenin content was increased with volume of the medium. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed biotic elicitors induced the expression levels of regulatory genes in diosgenin biosynthetic pathway, the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) and cycloartenol synthase (CAS), which can be positively correlated with elicited diosgenin contents in those cultures. The study holds significance as H. isora represents a cleaner and easy source of diosgenin where unlike other traditional sources, it is not admixed with other steroidal saponins, and the scaled-up levels of diosgenin achieved herein have the potential to be explored commercially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrin Shaikh
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Savitribai Phule Pune University), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016 India
| | - Varsha Shriram
- Department of Botany, Prof. Ramkrishna More College (Savitribai Phule Pune University), Akurdi, Pune, 411044 India
| | - Tushar Khare
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Savitribai Phule Pune University), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016 India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Savitribai Phule Pune University), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016 India
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Jaroszuk-Ściseł J, Nowak A, Komaniecka I, Choma A, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A, Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Tyśkiewicz R, Wiater A, Rogalski J. Differences in Production, Composition, and Antioxidant Activities of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) Obtained from Cultures of Endophytic Fusarium culmorum Strains with Different Effects on Cereals. Molecules 2020; 25:E616. [PMID: 32019268 PMCID: PMC7037457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolymeric substances (EPS) can determine plant-microorganism interactions and have great potential as bioactive compounds. The different amounts of EPS obtained from cultures of three endophytic Fusarium culmorum strains with different aggressiveness-growth promoting (PGPF), deleterious (DRMO), and pathogenic towards cereal plants-depended on growth conditions. The EPS concentrations (under optimized culture conditions) were the lowest (0.2 g/L) in the PGPF, about three times higher in the DRMO, and five times higher in the pathogen culture. The EPS of these strains differed in the content of proteins, phenolic components, total sugars, glycosidic linkages, and sugar composition (glucose, mannose, galactose, and smaller quantities of arabinose, galactosamine, and glucosamine). The pathogen EPS exhibited the highest total sugar and mannose concentration. FTIR analysis confirmed the β configuration of the sugars. The EPS differed in the number and weight of polysaccharidic subfractions. The EPS of PGPF and DRMO had two subfractions and the pathogen EPS exhibited a subfraction with the lowest weight (5 kDa). The three EPS preparations (ethanol-precipitated EP, crude C, and proteolysed P) had antioxidant activity (particularly high for the EP-EPS soluble in high concentrations). The EP-EPS of the PGPF strain had the highest antioxidant activity, most likely associated with the highest content of phenolic compounds in this EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Jaroszuk-Ściseł
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (R.T.); (A.W.)
| | - Artur Nowak
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (R.T.); (A.W.)
| | - Iwona Komaniecka
- Department of Genetic and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (I.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Adam Choma
- Department of Genetic and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (I.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Anna Jarosz-Wilkołazka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.-W.); (M.O.-J.); (J.R.)
| | - Monika Osińska-Jaroszuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.-W.); (M.O.-J.); (J.R.)
| | - Renata Tyśkiewicz
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (R.T.); (A.W.)
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska St. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Adrian Wiater
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (R.T.); (A.W.)
| | - Jerzy Rogalski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.-W.); (M.O.-J.); (J.R.)
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10
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Toghueo RMK. Bioprospecting endophytic fungi from Fusarium genus as sources of bioactive metabolites. Mycology 2019; 11:1-21. [PMID: 32128278 PMCID: PMC7033707 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2019.1645053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi became an attractive source for the discovery of new leads, because of the complexity and the structural diversity of their secondary metabolites. The genus Fusarium comprising about 70 species is extremely variable in terms of genetics, biology, ecology, and consequently, secondary metabolism and have been isolated from countless plants genera from diverse habitats. These endophytic microbes may provide protection and survival strategies in their host plants with production of a repertoire of chemically diverse and structurally unprecedented secondary metabolites reported to exhibit an incredible array of biological activities including antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidants, antiparasitics, immunosuppressants, immunomodulatory, antithrombotic, and biocontrol ability against plants pathogens and nematodes. This review comprehensively highlights over the period 1981-2019, the bioactive potential of metabolites produced by endophytes from Fusarium genus. Abbreviations: AIDS: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; BAPT: C-13 phenylpropanoid side chain-CoA acyltransferase; CaBr2: Calcium bromide; DBAT: 10-deacetylbaccatin III-10-O-acetyl transferase; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; EI-MS: Electron ionization mass spectrometer; EN: Enniatin; ERK: Extracellular regulated protein kinase; EtOAc: Ethyl acetate; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; GAE/g: Gallic acid equivalent per gram; GC-MS: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; HA: Hyperactivation; HCV: Hepatitis C Virus; HCVPR: Hepatitis C Virus protease; HeLa: Human cervical cancer cell line; HIV: Human immunodeficiency viruses; HPLC: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; IAA: Indole-3-acetic acid; IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer; IC50: Half maximal inhibitory concentration; LC50: Concentration of the compound that is lethal for 50% of exposed population; LC-MS: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; MCF-7: Human breast cancer cell line; MDR: Multidrug-resistant; MDRSA: Multidrug-resistant S. aureus; MFC: Minimum fungicidal concentration; MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration; MRSA: Multidrug-resistant S. aureus; MTCC: Microbial type culture collection; PBMCs: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; TB: Tuberculosis; TLC: Thin layer chromatography; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; WHO: World Health Organization http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D0A7B2D8-5952-436D-85C8-C79EAAD1013C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufin Marie Kouipou Toghueo
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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11
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Flores C, Nieto M, Millán-Gómez DV, Caro M, Galindo E, Serrano-Carreón L. Elicitation and biotransformation of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone in Trichoderma atroviride cultures. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Production of bioproducts by endophytic fungi: chemical ecology, biotechnological applications, bottlenecks, and solutions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6279-6298. [PMID: 29808328 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Endophytes are microorganisms that colonize the interior of host plants without causing apparent disease. They have been widely studied for their ability to modulate relationships between plants and biotic/abiotic stresses, often producing valuable secondary metabolites that can affect host physiology. Owing to the advantages of microbial fermentation over plant/cell cultivation and chemical synthesis, endophytic fungi have received significant attention as a mean for secondary metabolite production. This article summarizes currently reported results on plant-endophyte interaction hypotheses and highlights the biotechnological applications of endophytic fungi and their metabolites in agriculture, environment, biomedicine, energy, and biocatalysts. Current bottlenecks in industrial development and commercial applications as well as possible solutions are also discussed.
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Recent advances in endophytic exopolysaccharides: Production, structural characterization, physiological role and biological activity. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:1113-1124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Enhancement of botrallin and TMC-264 production in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Hyalodendriella sp. Ponipodef12 after treatments with metal ions. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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15
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Chen F, Ren CG, Zhou T, Wei YJ, Dai CC. A novel exopolysaccharide elicitor from endophytic fungus Gilmaniella sp. AL12 on volatile oils accumulation in Atractylodes lancea. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34735. [PMID: 27703209 PMCID: PMC5050437 DOI: 10.1038/srep34735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytes and plants can establish specific long-term symbiosis through the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Previous studies have shown that the endophytic fungus Gilmaniella sp. AL12 can stimulate Atractylodes lancea to produce volatile oils. The purpose of this report is to investigate key factors involved in the stimulation of A. lancea by AL12 and reveal the mechanism. We identified the active component from AL12 as an extracellular mannan with a polymerization degree of 26–42. Differential membrane proteomics of A. lancea was performed by 2D electrophoresis. The results showed that there were significant differences in the expression of 83 proteins. Based on these results, we conclude that AL12 secreted mannan contributes to the antagonistic balance seen in interactions between AL12 and A. lancea. One portion of the mannan was degraded to mannose for hexokinase activation, promoting photosynthesis and energy metabolism, with a potential metabolic fluxes flowing towards terpenoid biosynthesis. The other portion of the mannan directly enhanced autoimmunity of A. lancea through G protein-mediated signal transduction and the mannan-binding lectin pathway. Volatile oil accumulation was ultimately promoted in subsequent defense reactions. This study provides a new perspective on the regulation of secondary metabolites by endophytic fungal elicitors in medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng-Gang Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Jia Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Salehi B, Bayat M, Dezfulian M, Sabokbar A, Tabaraie B. The assessment of anti-tumoral activity of polysaccharide extracted from terrestrial filamentous fungus. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 25:1236-1241. [PMID: 30174528 PMCID: PMC6117434 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal polysaccharides are well-known for the medicinal properties such as antitumor and immunomodulating effects. Hence, this study evaluated antitumor effects of polysaccharide extracted from Fusarium sp. isolated from soil samples of Karaj district, Alborz, Iran along with its taxonomic study. The filamentous fungus strain FK1 was isolated from the soil sample of Karaj, Iran. The strain was identified based on cultural, morphological and 18 S rRNA gene parameters as Fusarium. Further, the strain Fusarium was cultured in fermented broth of modified (PDB) for 10 days at 25 °C. The polysaccharide of strain FK1 was extracted from the mycelium free supernatant by boiling water method and evaluated for antitoxicity effect on two human cancer cell lines: HeLa cell line and Lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) by MTT method. Findings revealed that water-extracted from mycelia polysaccharide of strain FK1 had the highest cytotoxicity effect against LCL which is the cause of B lymphocyte cancer, at 50 μg/ml concentration dose (114 ± 1.63) followed by 100 μg/ml (105 ± 0.57) and 10 μg/ml (104 ± 0.57), while it did not have a considerable effect on HeLa cell line. Fusarium could be alternative sources as an antitumor component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Salehi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Specialized Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Bayat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Specialized Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author. Fax: +98 2144817175.
| | - Mehrouz Dezfulian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Azar Sabokbar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
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Elicitation, an Effective Strategy for the Biotechnological Production of Bioactive High-Added Value Compounds in Plant Cell Factories. Molecules 2016; 21:182. [PMID: 26848649 PMCID: PMC6273650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant in vitro cultures represent an attractive and cost-effective alternative to classical approaches to plant secondary metabolite (PSM) production (the “Plant Cell Factory” concept). Among other advantages, they constitute the only sustainable and eco-friendly system to obtain complex chemical structures biosynthesized by rare or endangered plant species that resist domestication. For successful results, the biotechnological production of PSM requires an optimized system, for which elicitation has proved one of the most effective strategies. In plant cell cultures, an elicitor can be defined as a compound introduced in small concentrations to a living system to promote the biosynthesis of the target metabolite. Traditionally, elicitors have been classified in two types, abiotic or biotic, according to their chemical nature and exogenous or endogenous origin, and notably include yeast extract, methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, vanadyl sulphate and chitosan. In this review, we summarize the enhancing effects of elicitors on the production of high-added value plant compounds such as taxanes, ginsenosides, aryltetralin lignans and other types of polyphenols, focusing particularly on the use of a new generation of elicitors such as coronatine and cyclodextrins.
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Li J, Wang J, Li J, Li J, Liu S, Gao W. Protein elicitor isolated from Escherichia coli induced bioactive compound biosynthesis as well as gene expression in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch adventitious roots. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16903a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the ability of three rhizobacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Penicillium fellutanum and Escherichia coli) to trigger metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
| | - Juan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Jing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Jinxin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Shujie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
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Production and structural elucidation of exopolysaccharide from endophytic Pestalotiopsis sp. BC55. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:182-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Effects of oligosaccharides from endophytic Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17 on activities of defense-related enzymes in Dioscorea zingiberensis suspension cell and seedling cultures. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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21
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Abstract
Fungal exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have been recognized as high value biomacromolecules for the last two decades. These products, including pullulan, scleroglucan, and botryosphaeran, have several applications in industries, pharmaceuticals, medicine, foods etc. Although fungal EPSs are highly relevant, to date information concerning fungal biosynthesis is scarce and an extensive search for new fugal species that can produce novel EPSs is still needed. In most cases, the molecular weight variations and sugar compositions of fungal EPSs are dependent to culture medium composition and different physical conditions provided during fermentation. An inclusive and illustrative review on fungal EPS is presented here. The general outline of the present work includes fungal EPS production, their compositions and applications. An emphasis is also given to listing out different fungal strains that can produce EPSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Mahapatra
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Debdulal Banerjee
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
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22
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Enhancement of Palmarumycins C(12) and C(13) production in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 after treatments with metal ions. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:979-98. [PMID: 23296274 PMCID: PMC3565302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14010979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The influences of eight metal ions (i.e., Na+, Ca2+, Ag+, Co2+, Cu2+, Al3+, Zn2+, and Mn4+) on mycelia growth and palmarumycins C12 and C13 production in liquid culture of the endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 were investigated. Three metal ions, Ca2+, Cu2+ and Al3+ were exhibited as the most effective to enhance mycelia growth and palmarumycin production. When calcium ion (Ca2+) was applied to the medium at 10.0 mmol/L on day 3, copper ion (Cu2+) to the medium at 1.0 mmol/L on day 3, aluminum ion (Al3+) to the medium at 2.0 mmol/L on day 6, the maximal yields of palmarumycins C12 plus C13 were obtained as 137.57 mg/L, 146.28 mg/L and 156.77 mg/L, which were 3.94-fold, 4.19-fold and 4.49-fold in comparison with that (34.91 mg/L) of the control, respectively. Al3+ favored palmarumycin C12 production when its concentration was higher than 4 mmol/L. Ca2+ had an improving effect on mycelia growth of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. The combination effects of Ca2+, Cu2+ and Al3+ on palmarumycin C13 production were further studied by employing a statistical method based on the central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). By solving the quadratic regression equation between palmarumycin C13 and three metal ions, the optimal concentrations of Ca2+, Cu2+ and Al3+ in medium for palmarumycin C13 production were determined as 7.58, 1.36 and 2.05 mmol/L, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the predicted maximum palmarumycin C13 yield reached 208.49 mg/L. By optimizing the combination of Ca2+, Cu2+ and Al3+ in medium, palmarumycin C13 yield was increased to 203.85 mg/L, which was 6.00-fold in comparison with that (33.98 mg/L) in the original basal medium. The results indicate that appropriate metal ions (i.e., Ca2+, Cu2+ and Al3+) could enhance palmarumycin production. Application of the metal ions should be an effective strategy for palmarumycin production in liquid culture of the endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12.
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Guo S, Mao W, Li Y, Tian J, Xu J. Structural elucidation of the exopolysaccharide produced by fungus Fusarium oxysporum Y24-2. Carbohydr Res 2013; 365:9-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Li P, Xu L, Mou Y, Shan T, Mao Z, Lu S, Peng Y, Zhou L. Medium optimization for exopolysaccharide production in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:11411-11426. [PMID: 23109862 PMCID: PMC3472754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms130911411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12, an endophytic fungus from Dioscorea zingiberensis, is a high producer of spirobisnaphthalenes with various bioactivities. The exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by this fungus also shows excellent antioxidant activity. In this study, the experimental designs based on statistics were employed to evaluate and optimize the medium for EPS production in liquid culture of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. For increasing EPS yield, the concentrations of glucose, peptone, KH(2)PO(4), MgSO(4)·7H(2)O and FeSO(4)·7H(2)O in medium were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Both the fractional factorial design (FFD) and central composite design (CCD) were applied to optimize the main factors which significantly affected EPS production. The concentrations of glucose, peptone and MgSO(4)·7H(2)O were found to be the main effective factors for EPS production by FFD experimental analysis. Based on the further CCD optimization and RSM analysis, a quadratic polynomial regression equation was derived from the EPS yield and three variables. Statistical analysis showed the polynomial regression model was in good agreement with the experimental results with the determination coefficient (adj-R(2)) as 0.9434. By solving the quadratic regression equation, the optimal concentrations of glucose, peptone and MgSO(4)·7H(2)O for EPS production were determined as 63.80, 20.76 and 2.74 g/L, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the predicted EPS yield reached the maximum (13.22 g/L). Verification experiment confirmed the validity with the actual EPS yield as 13.97 g/L, which was 6.29-fold in comparison with that (2.22 g/L) in the original basal medium. The results provide the support data for EPS production in large scale and also speed up the application of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqin Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Forestry Pathology, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yan Mou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Tijiang Shan
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Ziling Mao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Shiqiong Lu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Youliang Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: (P.L.); (L.X.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Z.M.); (S.L.); (Y.P.)
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Mahapatra S, Banerjee D. Structural elucidation and bioactivity of a novel exopolysaccharide from endophytic Fusarium solani SD5. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:683-9. [PMID: 24751093 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A bioactive exopolysaccharide [EPS (PS-I)], having Mw∼1.87×10(5) Da was produced by submerged culture of an endophytic fungus Fusarium solani SD5. Structural elucidation of the EPS (PS-I) was carried out by a series of experiments. Result indicates the presence of terminal α-L-rhamnopyranosyl, (1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl, (1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl, (1→4,6)-β-D-galactopyranosyl moieties in a molar ratio of nearly 1:1:3:1. TEM image showed fibril structure of the EPS with a diameter of approximately 1 nm. Melting point range of the EPS was found 172-178 °C. The isolated PS-I exhibit in vitro anti inflammatory and anti allergic activity. EPS (1000 μg/ml) protects 55% erythrocytes from hypotonic solution induced membrane lysis. Compound 48/80 induced mast cell degranulation was also protected by 56% with 100 μg/ml EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Mahapatra
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Bengal, India
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Extraction optimization of water-extracted mycelial polysaccharide from endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17 by response surface methodology. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:5441-5453. [PMID: 22754306 PMCID: PMC3382766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13055441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (WPS) from the endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17 isolated from Dioscorea zingiberensis was found to be an efficient elicitor to enhance diosgenin accumulation in D. zingigerensis cultures, and also demonstrated antioxidant activity. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the extraction process of WPS from F. oxysporum Dzf17 using Box-Behnken design (BBD). The ranges of the factors investigated were 1–3 h for extraction time (X1), 80–100 °C for extraction temperature (X2), and 20–40 (v/w) for ratio of water volume (mL) to raw material weight (g) (X3). The experimental data obtained were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis. Statistical analysis showed that the polynomial regression model was in good agreement with the experimental results with the determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9978. By solving the regression equation and analyzing the response surface contour plots, the extraction parameters were optimized as 1.7 h for extraction time, 95 °C for extraction temperature, 39 (v/w) for ratio of water volume (mL) to raw material weight (g), and with 2 extractions. The maximum value (10.862%) of WPS yield was obtained when the WPS extraction process was conducted under the optimal conditions.
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Li Y, Shan T, Mou Y, Li P, Zhao J, Zhao W, Peng Y, Zhou L, Ding C. Enhancement of palmarumycin C12 and C13 production in liquid culture of the endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 by oligosaccharides from its host plant Dioscorea zingiberensis. Molecules 2012; 17:3761-73. [PMID: 22450685 PMCID: PMC6268039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17043761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Three crude oligosaccharides were respectively prepared by acid hydrolysis of three polysaccharides, which were water-extracted polysaccharide (WEP), sodium hydroxide-extracted polysaccharide (SEP) and acid-extracted polysaccharide (AEP) from the rhizomes of Dioscorea zingiberensis. Among the three oligosaccharides, the crude oligosaccharide prepared by acid hydrolysis of WEP was found to be the most efficient elicitor to enhance the production of palmarumycins C12 and C13 in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. When OW was applied to the medium at 300 mg/L on day 3 of culture, the maximal yields of palmarumycin C12 (87.96 mg/L) and palmarumycin C13 (422.28 mg/L) were achieved on day 15 of culture, which were 9.83 and 3.24-fold in comparison with those (8.95 and 130.43 mg/L) of control, respectively. The results indicate that addition of the oligosaccharides from the host plant D. zingiberensis should be an effective strategy for enhancing production of palmarumycins C12 and C13 in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Biology and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tijiang Shan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Mou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peiqin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wensheng Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Youliang Peng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (L.Z.); (C.D.)
| | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Biology and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (L.Z.); (C.D.)
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Enhancement of diosgenin production in Dioscorea zingiberensis cell cultures by oligosaccharides from its endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17. Molecules 2011; 16:10631-44. [PMID: 22183887 PMCID: PMC6264283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules161210631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of the oligosaccharides from the endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17 as elicitors on diosgenin production in cell suspension cultures of its host Dioscorea zingiberensis were investigated. Three oligosaccharides, DP4, DP7 and DP10, were purified from the oligosaccharide fractions DP2-5, DP5-8 and DP8-12, respectively, which were prepared from the water-extracted mycelial polysaccharide of the endophytic fungus F. oxysporum Dzf17. When the cell cultures were treated with fraction DP5-8 at 20 mg/L on day 26 and harvested on day 32, the maximum diosgenin yield (2.187 mg/L) was achieved, which was 5.65-fold of control (0.387 mg/L). When oligosaccharides DP4, DP7 and DP10 were individually added to 26-day-old D. zingiberensis cell cultures at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/L in medium, DP7 at 6 mg/L was found to significantly enhance diosgenin production, with a yield of 3.202 mg/L, which was 8.27-fold of control. When the cell cultures were treated with DP7 twice on days 24 and 26, and harvested on day 30, both diosgenin content and yield were significantly increased and reached the maximums of 1.159 mg/g dw and 4.843 mg/L, both of which were higher than those of single elicitation, and were 9.19- and 12.38-fold of control, respectively.
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