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Teixeira TM, Boeff DD, de Oliveira Carvalho L, Ritter MR, Konrath EL. The traditional use of native Brazilian plants for male sexual dysfunction: Evidence from ethnomedicinal applications, animal models, and possible mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116876. [PMID: 37437795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sexual dysfunction is a multifactorial health condition characterized by distressing disturbances in the sexual response and libido, leading to an inability to maintain penile erection and achieve pleasure. Considering the huge Brazilian biodiversity, many plants are traditionally used for aphrodisiac purposes. However, the use of native medicinal plants as sexual boosters in Brazil has been poorly studied. AIM OF THE STUDY This review focuses on the composition, pharmacology, and results of experimental trials of the main native plants used in Brazilian folk medicine with alleged aphrodisiac effects. We aimed to provide a state-of-the-art reference for research on herbs for the treatment of male sexual dysfunction by summarizing and discussing the main studies found. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant information was collected by searching keywords (aphrodisiac, sexual tonic, sexual stimulant, sexual vigor stimulant, sexual impotency, erectile dysfunction, etc.) from books containing primary surveys conducted in the original communities and bibliographic surveys prepared by authors linked to the national academic and scientific environment edited in Brazil. Preclinical and clinical studies of the compiled plant species were performed using scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and SciFinder). RESULTS Seventy-four plant species belonging to 44 families used in Brazil to treat sexual dysfunction were compiled from ethnopharmacological literature. Fourteen plants, including Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen, Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco Schltdl., Anemopaegma arvense (Vell.) Stellfeld ex de Souza, Mimosa pudica L., Heteropterys tomentosa A. Juss., Trichilia catigua A. Juss., and Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. were pharmacologically studied to confirm these therapeutic properties. Probable modes of action include antioxidant and androgenic activities, inhibition of the PDE5 enzyme, increase in NO levels, and activation of dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways. In addition, several different species popularly known as "catuaba" were identified, leading to adulterations and controversial effects. CONCLUSION The overall results of the present review of Brazilian folk literature reveal that Brazil has a long tradition of using plants with potential aphrodisiac effects. However, further research is required to identify, characterize, and standardize the active ingredients and herbal preparations used in aphrodisiacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tárik Matthes Teixeira
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Daiana Daniele Boeff
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Pos-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Letícia de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Pos-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Mara Rejane Ritter
- Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luis Konrath
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Pos-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil.
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Song SY, Lee SH, Bae MS, Park DH, Cho SS. Strong inhibition of xanthine oxidase and elastase of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC stem extract and analysis of biologically active constituents. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1160330. [PMID: 37305531 PMCID: PMC10248149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1160330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In the present study, strong xanthine oxidase and elastase activities of Baccharis trimera (Less) DC stem (BT) were evaluated and active ingredients were identified to determine the possibility of using BT extract as an anti-hyperuricemia (gout) and cosmetic functional material. Methods: Hot water, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% ethanolic extracts of BT were prepared. The hot water extract had the highest extraction yield whereas the 100% ethanolic extract had the lowest yield. Results and discussion: Antioxidant effects were investigated based on DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and total phenolic contents. The 80% ethanolic extract showed the highest antioxidant activity. However, the 100% ethanol BT extract showed strong xanthine oxidase and elastase inhibitory activities. Functional substances were thought to be caffeic acid and luteolin. Minor active substances such as o-coumaric acid, palmitic acid, naringenin, protocatechoic acid, and linoleic acid were identified. Through this study, we firstly reported evidence that BT stem extract could be used as functional materials with anti-hyperuricemia and skin disease improving effects. BT stem extract could be used as an anti-hyperuricemia (gout) natural drug or cosmetic material. For further study, practical studies such as optimizing BT extraction and functional experiments for hyperuricemia (gout) and skin wrinkle improvement are considered necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yub Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, and Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, and Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, and Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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Campos GP, Lima NM, Campos JS, Micke GA, de Oliveira MAL. Alternative method for microenzymatic inhibition activities monitoring from Baccharis trimera extracts by CZE-UV. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:1190-1197. [PMID: 35999031 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Capillary zone electrophoresis with direct UV detection (CZE-UV) was used to investigate the hypothesis about the extract of Baccharis trimera enzymatic activities as an analytical approach to monitoring the phenomenon. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to investigate enzymatic bioactivities of the hydroalcoholic and infusion extracts of B. trimera through screening evaluation of the inhibition of the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glycosidase (α-GLY). METHOD An alternative approach using CZE-UV to hydroalcoholic and infusion extracts of B. trimera monitoring was applied to evaluate the inhibition ability of the enzymes AChE and α-GLY. The result of the reaction of acetylthiocholine (AThCh) with AChE was thiocholine (TCh) and acetic acid, and from the amount of TCh generated, the AChE inhibition was calculated. For the inhibition study of the two enzymes, the reactions of the extracts were optimised to be performed in situ, inside the capillary column, and the introduction of the solutions was performed through ordered sequential plug injections. RESULTS Samples extracted with 70% ethanol presented 7.80% inhibition for AChE and 0.51% for α-GLY, while samples extracted with 96% ethanol resulted in 6.89% inhibition for AChE and no inhibition activity for α-GLY. CONCLUSION In the present work, the potentialities of CZE-UV for the study of hydroalcoholic and infusion extracts of B. trimera were demonstrated. The experimental results were useful for the calculation of the percentage of the inhibition activities of the AChE and α-GLY enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme P Campos
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Nerilson M Lima
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana S Campos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo A Micke
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcone A L de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Burgos C, Alvarenga N, Sotelo PH, Langjahr P. Anti-inflammatory activity of Baccharis notosergila against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and identification of active fractions and their chemical constituents. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Rosero S, Del Pozo F, Simbaña W, Álvarez M, Quinteros MF, Carrillo W, Morales D. Polyphenols and Flavonoids Composition, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Andean Baccharis macrantha Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1555. [PMID: 35736706 PMCID: PMC9231361 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the leaves of Baccharis macrantha to obtain extracts of Baccharis macrantha (EBM) and to determine the total flavonoid content (TFC) and the total polyphenol content (TPC). The main objective of this work was to quantify TPC and TFC of extracts of B. macrantha from Ecuador and evaluate its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The extraction method was optimized with solvents, ethanol, and methanol, at temperatures of 30-60 °C and extraction times of 5-20 min. The optimal TFC extraction conditions were at EtOH25% at 50 °C for 10 min. The optimal TPC extraction conditions were at EtOH50% at 50 °C for 10 min. EBM was characterized by TLC and HPLC with three standards: gallic acid, catechin, and quercetin. EBM-EtOH25% and EBM-EtOH50% obtained at 50 °C for 10 min were used to identify quercetin and evaluate biologicals activities. Quercetin was detected in EBM (EtOH25% and EtOH50%). EBM anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated with the red blood cell stabilization (RBC) method. The RBC model showed values of 49.72% of protection lysis RBC to EBM-EtOH25% and 50.71% of protection lysis RBC to EBM-EtOH50%. The EBM in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation showed a protection of 77.00% (EtOH25%) and 73.11% (EtOH50%) when the TBARs method was used. EBM-EtOH25% and EtOH50% showed high antioxidant activity. EBM-EtOH25% presented values of ABTS (1172 µmol TE/g EBM), DPPH (836 µmol TE/g, EBM), and FRAP (85.70 µmol TE/g, EBM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rosero
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
| | - Freddy Del Pozo
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
| | - Walter Simbaña
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Pje. Rumipamba 341 y Av. De los Shyris, Quito170506, Ecuador
| | - Mario Álvarez
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
| | - María Fernanda Quinteros
- Departamento de Investigación, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Guaranda-Bolívar 020102, Ecuador;
| | - Wilman Carrillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Dayana Morales
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
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de Almeida NS, Ferraz ADBF, Pedron C, Correa DS, Vieira LB, Antunes FTT, de Souza AH. Baccharis trimera aqueous extract modulates inflammation and nociception in mice. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aerial parts of Baccharis trimera (Less.) are frequently used as a tea to treat several diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the constituents of an aqueous extract of B. trimera, focusing on their antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antinociception activities and properties. For that, the researchers performed in vivo assays using the formalin test and Freund’s Complete Adjuvant (FCA) to measure the acute and chronic inflammatory pain in mice. Moreover, the myeloperoxidase enzyme (MPO) was analyzed in the subcutaneous tissue after the FCA injection, together with the counting of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of the mice.
Results
The qualitative phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids and saponins in the B. trimera aqueous extract. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses showed the presence of phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, rosmarinic acid, as well as flavonoids, such as rutin, quercetin, and luteolin. The DPPH assay was used in order to measure the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of B. trimera and this showed an IC50 of 118.18 ± 1.02 μg/mg. The data from the formalin test demonstrated that a single dose of the aqueous extract of B. trimera was not able to decrease the nociceptive behavior during the neurogenic phase, at any of the tested doses (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg p.o.). However, during the inflammatory phase of this test, the aqueous extract of B. trimera at 80 mg/kg (p.o.) significantly decreased the nociceptive behavior, showing more effectiveness when compared to the other tested doses (p < 0.05). Importantly, in the chronic inflammatory model on the 5th day of treatment, the aqueous extract of B. trimera (80 mg/kg p.o.) significantly reduced mechanical allodynia (p < 0.01), heat thermal hyperalgesia (p < 0.001), and paw edema (p < 0.05). There were no changes in the MPO activity, but the data exhibited an equivalent decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the blood of the mice that were treated with B. trimera (80 mg.kg− 1 p.o.) and diclofenac sodium.
Conclusion
Taken together, the present data reinforces the potential of the B. trimera aqueous extract as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic compound.
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Mendes TC, Silva GRDA, Silva AO, Schaedler MI, Guarnier LP, Palozi RAC, Signor CT, Bosco JDD, Auth PA, Amaral EC, Froelich DL, Soares AA, Lovato ECW, Ribeiro-Paes JT, Gasparotto Junior A, Lívero FADR. Hepato- and cardioprotective effects of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. against multiple risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20200899. [PMID: 34161513 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120200899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide and have several risk factors, including dyslipidemia, smoking, and hypertension. Studies have evaluated isolated risk factors in experimental models of cardiovascular disease, but few preclinical studies have assessed associations between multiple risk factors. In the present study, hypertensive Wistar rats (Goldblatt 2K1C model) received a 0.5% cholesterol diet and were exposed to tobacco smoke for 8 weeks. During the last 4 weeks, the animals were treated with vehicle, an ethanol-soluble fraction of B. trimera (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), or simvastatin + enalapril. A group of normotensive, non-dyslipidemic, and non-smoking rats was treated with vehicle. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, and hepatic and fecal lipids, blood pressure, and mesenteric arterial bed reactivity were evaluated. Cardiac, hepatic, and renal histopathology and tecidual redox state were also investigated. Untreated animals exhibited significant changes in blood pressure, lipid profile, and biomarkers of heart, liver, and kidney damage. Treatment with B. trimera reversed these changes, with effects that were similar to simvastatin + enalapril. These findings suggest that B. trimera may be promising for the treatment of cardiovascular and hepatic disorders, especially disorders that are associated with multiple risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane C Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R DA Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Aniely O Silva
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Maysa I Schaedler
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Lucas P Guarnier
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Rhanany A C Palozi
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Cleide T Signor
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Janaína D Dal Bosco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Pablo A Auth
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Eduarda C Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Diego L Froelich
- Faculdade Assis Gurgacz, Laboratório de Prevenção e Diagnóstico, Avenida das Torres, 500, 85806-095 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Andréia A Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Evellyn C W Lovato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Neurociências, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - João T Ribeiro-Paes
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genética e Terapia Celular, Avenida Dom Antonio, 2100, 19806-900 Assis, SP, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Francislaine A Dos Reis Lívero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
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Struiving S, Hacke ACM, Simionatto EL, Scharf DR, Klimaczewski CV, Besten MA, Heiden G, Boligon AA, Rocha JBT, Vellosa JCR, Nunes DS, Granato D, Pereira RP. Effects of Gender and Geographical Origin on the Chemical Composition and Antiradical Activity of Baccharis myriocephala and Baccharis trimera. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101433. [PMID: 33050343 PMCID: PMC7601893 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize and compare essential oils and ethyl acetate fractions obtained in basic and acidic conditions from both male and female Baccharis species (Baccharis myriocephala and Baccharis trimera) from two different Brazilian regions. Samples were characterized according to their chemical compositions and antiradical activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Principal component analysis (PCA) provided a clear separation regarding the chemical composition of essential oils from the samples obtained from different regions by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with flame-ionization detection (GC-MS-FID). PCA also revealed that gender and region of plant collections did not influence the chemical composition and antiradical activity of ethyl acetate fractions, which was corroborated with hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) data. High performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) identified significant quantities of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the fractions obtained in basic and acidic fractions, respectively. The obtained results clearly demonstrated that the geographical region of plant collection influenced the chemical composition of essential oils from the studied Baccharis species. Moreover, the obtained fractions were constituted by several antiradical compounds, which reinforced the usage of these species in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Struiving
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748-CEP: 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil; (S.S.); (A.C.M.H.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Ana Carolina Mendes Hacke
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748-CEP: 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil; (S.S.); (A.C.M.H.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Edésio Luiz Simionatto
- Laboratório de Cromatografia, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, 3250 CEP: 89030-000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil; (E.L.S.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Dilamara Riva Scharf
- Laboratório de Cromatografia, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, 3250 CEP: 89030-000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil; (E.L.S.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Cláudia Vargas Klimaczewski
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000-CEP: 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; (C.V.K.); (J.B.T.R.)
| | - Michele Aparecida Besten
- Instituto Federal do Paraná, Av. Victor Ferreira do Amaral, 306-CEP 82530-230 Curitiba, PR, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Heiden
- Embrapa Clima Temperado, Rodovia BR 392 km 78, 403-CEP: 96001-970 Pelotas, RS, Brazil;
| | - Aline Augusti Boligon
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-CEP: 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;
| | - João Batista Teixeira Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000-CEP: 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; (C.V.K.); (J.B.T.R.)
| | - José Carlos Rebuglio Vellosa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748-CEP: 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil;
| | - Domingos Sávio Nunes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748-CEP: 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil; (S.S.); (A.C.M.H.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Daniel Granato
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Innovative Food System, Production System Unit, Tietotie 2, FI- 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (R.P.P.)
| | - Romaiana Picada Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748-CEP: 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil; (S.S.); (A.C.M.H.); (D.S.N.)
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (R.P.P.)
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Naz R, Roberts TH, Bano A, Nosheen A, Yasmin H, Hassan MN, Keyani R, Ullah S, Khan W, Anwar Z. GC-MS analysis, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antilipoxygenase and cytotoxic activities of Jacaranda mimosifolia methanol leaf extracts and fractions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236319. [PMID: 32726328 PMCID: PMC7390342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Jacaranda mimosifolia trees are grown in frost-free regions globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the methanol crude extract and various fractions of increasing polarity of J. mimosifolia leaves for bioactive metabolites, as well as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. The anti-inflammatory potential of the various fractions of J. mimosifolia leaf extract was studied via the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory assay. Methanol crude extract (ME), derived fractions extracted with chloroform (CF) and ethyl acetate (EAF), and residual aqueous extract (AE) of dried J. mimosifolia leaves were assayed for polyphenolic compounds, their antioxidant, antimicrobial and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory activities, and anticancer properties. Polyphenolic compounds were determined via HPLC while phytochemicals (total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and ortho-diphenol contents), antioxidant activities (DPPH, hydrogen peroxideperoxide, hydroxyl and superoxide radical anions) and LOX were measured via spectrophotometry. Methanol extracts and various fractions were evaluated for antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Antifungal potential of the fractions was tested against three species: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium oxysporum. The highest values for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), flavonols, tannins and ortho-diphenols were in the ME, followed by CF > EAF > AE. ME also had the highest antioxidant activity with EC50 values 48±1.3, 45±2.4, 42±1.3 and 46±1.3 μg/mL based on the DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical assays, respectively. TPC and TFC showed a significant, strong and positive correlation with the values for each of these antioxidant activities. ME exhibited anti-inflammatory potential based on its LOX inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.3 μg/mL). ME also had the maximum antibacterial and antifungal potential, followed by EAF > CF > AE. Furthermore, ME showed the strongest cytotoxic effect (EC50 = 10.7 and 17.3 μg/mL) against human hormone-dependent prostate carcinoma (LnCaP) and human lung carcinoma (LU-1) cell lines, respectively. Bioactive compounds present in leaf methanol extracts of J. mimosifolia were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Fifteen compounds were identified including phenolic and alcoholic compounds, as well as fatty acids. Our results suggest that J. mimosifolia leaves are a good source of natural products with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties for potential therapeutic, nutraceutical and functional food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Naz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas H. Roberts
- Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Asghari Bano
- Department of Biosciences, University of Wah, Wah Cantt, Pakistan
| | - Asia Nosheen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Rumana Keyani
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Wajiha Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbotabad Campus, Abbotabad, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Anwar
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
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Silveira Rabelo AC, Caldeira Costa D. A review of biological and pharmacological activities of Baccharis trimera. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 296:65-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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V González de Peredo A, Vázquez-Espinosa M, Espada-Bellido E, Jiménez-Cantizano A, Ferreiro-González M, Amores-Arrocha A, Palma M, G Barroso C, F Barbero G. Development of New Analytical Microwave-Assisted Extraction Methods for Bioactive Compounds from Myrtle ( Myrtus communis L.). Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112992. [PMID: 30453481 PMCID: PMC6278529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenolic compounds and anthocyanins present in myrtle berries are responsible for its beneficial health properties. In the present study, a new, microwave-assisted extraction for the analysis of both phenolic compounds and anthocyanins from myrtle pulp has been developed. Different extraction variables, including methanol composition, pH, temperature, and sample–solvent ratio were optimized by applying a Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology. Methanol composition and pH were the most influential variables for the total phenolic compounds (58.20% of the solvent in water at pH 2), and methanol composition and temperature for anthocyanins (50.4% of solvent at 50 °C). The methods developed showed high repeatability and intermediate precision (RSD < 5%). Both methods were applied to myrtle berries collected in two different areas of the province of Cadiz (Spain). Hierarchical clustering analysis results show that the concentration of bioactive compounds in myrtle is related to their geographical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V González de Peredo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Estrella Espada-Bellido
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Ana Jiménez-Cantizano
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Marta Ferreiro-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Antonio Amores-Arrocha
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Miguel Palma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Carmelo G Barroso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Gerardo F Barbero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
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Acute toxicity and antimicrobial activity of leaf tincture Baccharis trimera (Less). Biomed J 2018; 41:194-201. [PMID: 30080659 PMCID: PMC6138772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to evaluate the possible acute oral toxicity of Baccharistrimera leaf dye as well as its antimicrobial activity. Method Organization for Economic co-operation and development (OECD) 423 was used to assess acute oral toxicity and as per protocol a dose of 2000 mg/kg of tincture was administered to Wistar rats, male and female, and observed for 14 days. Biochemical and hematological analyzes were performed with sample collected of rat. The dye was evaluated for antimicrobial activity by agar diffusion and microdilution methods, which allow to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and antibiofilm potential. Results The results showed that there was no loss of animals and no significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters after oral administration of 2000 mg/kg of tincture and was considered safe by the OECD, classified as category 5. The dyeing also showed an important antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria also significantly decreased the microbial biofilm. Conclusion The tincture of B.trimera leaf when given orally once can be considered safe and has a relevant antimicrobial potential that should be elucidated in subsequent research.
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Martínez ML, Bettucci GR, Ferretti MD, Campagna MN, Ansaldi N, Cortadi AA, Rodriguez MV. Multivariate statistical analysis of morpho-anatomical data of nine sect. Caulopterae species ( Baccharis – Asteraceae) used in folk medicine. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Torres CA, Pérez Zamora CM, Nuñez MB, Gonzalez AM. In vitro antioxidant, antilipoxygenase and antimicrobial activities of extracts from seven climbing plants belonging to the Bignoniaceae. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 16:255-262. [PMID: 29759936 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity, to determine the anti-inflammatory effect due to lipoxygenase inhibition and to test the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from leaves of seven climbing species belonging to the Bignoniaceae family. These species are Adenocalymma marginatum (Cham.) DC., Amphilophium vauthieri DC., Cuspidaria convoluta (Vell.) A. H. Gentry, Dolichandra dentata (K. Schum.) L. G. Lohmann, Fridericia caudigera (S. Moore) L. G. Lohmann, Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L. G. Lohmann and Tanaecium selloi (Spreng.) L. G. Lohmann. METHODS The antioxidant activity was evaluated using three methods, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Lipoxygenase-inhibiting activity was assayed spectrophotometrically; the result was expressed as percent inhibition. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using the agar disk diffusion method. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration were also determined for each extract against 12 pathogenic bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus and seven fungal strains of the Candida genus. The identification of the major compounds present in the most promising extract was established by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS C. convoluta, F. caudigera, and F. chica exhibited the best antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH and ABTS+ radicals and reducing Fe3+ ion. These extracts showed a notable inhibition of lipoxygenase. F. caudigera was found to have the lower MIC value against S. aureus strains and six Candida species. The extracts of F. caudigera and C. convoluta were active even against methicillin-resistant S. aureus. C. convoluta had higher total phenol content, better antioxidant activity and superior anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. The main phenolic compounds found in this extract were coumaric and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives and glycosylated and nonglycosylated flavones. CONCLUSION Most of the extracts exhibited antioxidant activity as well as in vitro inhibition of lipoxygenase. The excellent antimicrobial activity of T. selloi and F. chica supports their use in traditional medicine as antiseptic agents. The extracts of F. caudigera and C. convoluta, both with notable biological activities in this study, could be used as herbal remedies for skin care. In addition, this study provides, for the first time, information about phenolic compounds present in C. convoluta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Analía Torres
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National University of Chaco Austral, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Chaco, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina.
| | - Cristina Marisel Pérez Zamora
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National University of Chaco Austral, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Chaco, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - María Beatriz Nuñez
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National University of Chaco Austral, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Chaco, Argentina
| | - Ana María Gonzalez
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina; Institute of Botany of the Northeast (IBONE-CONICET), Sargento Juan Bautista Cabral 2131, Corrientes, Argentina
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Rabelo ACS, de Pádua Lúcio K, Araújo CM, de Araújo GR, de Amorim Miranda PH, Carneiro ACA, de Castro Ribeiro ÉM, de Melo Silva B, de Lima WG, Costa DC. Baccharis trimera protects against ethanol induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 215:1-13. [PMID: 29289796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baccharis trimera has been traditionally used in Brazil to treat liver diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the protective effect of Baccharis trimera in an ethanol induced hepatotoxicity model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidant capacity was evaluated in vitro by the ability to scavenged the DPPH radical, by the quantification of ROS, NO and the transcription factor Nrf2. Hepatotoxicity was induced in animals by administration of absolute ethanol for 2 days (acute) or with ethanol diluted for 28 days (chronic). The biochemical parameters of hepatic function (ALT and AST), renal function (urea and creatinine) and lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL) were evaluated. In addition to antioxidant defense (SOD, catalase, glutathione), oxidative damage markers (TBARS and carbonylated protein), MMP-2 activity and liver histology. RESULTS Baccharis trimera promoted a decrease in ROS and NO, and at low concentrations promoted increased transcription of Nrf2. In the acute experiment it promoted increase of HDL, in the activity of SOD and GPx, besides diminishing TBARS and microesteatosis. Already in the chronic experiment B. trimera improved the hepatic and renal profile, decreased triglycerides and MMP-2 activity, in addition to diminishing microesteatosis. CONCLUSION We believe that B. trimera action is possibly more associated with direct neutralizing effects or inhibition of reactive species production pathways rather than the modulation of the antioxidant enzymes activity. Thus it is possible to infer that the biological effects triggered by adaptive responses are complex and multifactorial depending on the dose, the time and the compounds used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Karine de Pádua Lúcio
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Morais Araújo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Glaucy Rodrigues de Araújo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique de Amorim Miranda
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Alvarenga Carneiro
- Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Érica Milena de Castro Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Breno de Melo Silva
- Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo de Lima
- Laboratory of Morphopathology (LMP), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
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Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC Exhibits an Anti-Adipogenic Effect by Inhibiting the Expression of Proteins Involved in Adipocyte Differentiation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060972. [PMID: 28604636 PMCID: PMC6152623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC (gorse) is a plant popularly used for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we prepared three B. trimera extracts aqueous extract (AE), decoction (AE-D), and methanol extract (ME) and investigated their antioxidant effects in six different tests and their anti-adipogenic effect in 3T3-L1 cells. The extracts showed a dose-dependent antioxidant activity in all tests. AE was the most potent antioxidant in copper and ferric ion chelation assays, whereas AE-D was the most potent in superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, reducing power assay, and total antioxidant capacity analysis. Only ME showed a cytotoxic effect against 3T3-L1 cells. Lipid accumulation decreased in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the presence of AE and AE-D extracts (0.5 to 1.0 mg/mL). In addition, the extracts dramatically attenuated the levels of adipogenic transcriptional factors, including CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), and gamma receptors by peroxisome proliferators (PPARγ), during adipogenesis. AE-D (1.0 mg/mL) caused an approximately 90% reduction in the levels of these molecules. We propose that B. trimera has an anti-adipogenic effect and could be used in the development of functional foods.
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dos Reis Lívero FA, da Silva LM, Ferreira DM, Galuppo LF, Borato DG, Prando TBL, Lourenço ELB, Strapasson RLB, Stefanello MÉA, de Paula Werner MF, Acco A. Hydroethanolic extract of Baccharis trimera promotes gastroprotection and healing of acute and chronic gastric ulcers induced by ethanol and acetic acid. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:985-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1262-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ramos Campos F, Bressan J, Godoy Jasinski VC, Zuccolotto T, da Silva LE, Bonancio Cerqueira L. Baccharis(Asteraceae): Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1-17. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ovary and fruit morphology and anatomy of Amphilophium crucigerum. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Acute and sub-chronic (28 days) oral toxicity evaluation of tincture Baccharis trimera (Less) Backer in male and female rodent animals. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 74:170-7. [PMID: 26522812 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The infusion of Baccharis trimera (Less) DC, popularly known as "carqueja" (broom), is popularly used in the treatment of hepatic and digestive problems. In this study, we evaluated the acute and sub-chronic oral toxicities of B. trimera tincture on male and female Wistar rats according to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, guidelines 423 e 407, respectively). The B. trimera tincture was administered by oral gavage in a single dose (2000 mg/kg) in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg daily for 28 days. Blood was collected to analyze hematological and biochemical parameters. Kidneys and liver were homogenized to determine lipid peroxidation and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities. In acute treatment, tincture did not induce any signs of toxicity or mortality. Daily oral administration produced no significant changes in the hematological and biochemical parameters, except for the hepatic enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) that showed a reduction in both sexes. Moreover, the B. trimera tincture did not increase lipid peroxidation or affected ALA-D and CAT activities. In conclusion, the tincture of B. trimera may be considered relatively safe in this protocol.
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Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) Protects against Oxidative Stress and β-Amyloid-Induced Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:740162. [PMID: 26236426 PMCID: PMC4508469 DOI: 10.1155/2015/740162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) is a native plant found throughout South America. Several studies have shown that Carqueja has antioxidant activity in vitro, as well as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, antihepatotoxic, and antimutagenic properties. However, studies regarding its antioxidant potential in vivo are limited. In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to examine the antioxidant effects of a Carqueja hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) on stress resistance and lifespan and to investigate whether CHE has a protective effect in a C. elegans model for Alzheimer's disease. Here, we show for the first time, using in vivo assays, that CHE treatment improved oxidative stress resistance by increasing survival rate and by reducing ROS levels under oxidative stress conditions independently of the stress-related signaling pathways (p38, JNK, and ERK) and transcription factors (SKN-1/Nrf and DAF-16/Foxo) tested here. CHE treatment also increased the defenses against β-amyloid toxicity in C. elegans, in part by increasing proteasome activity and the expression of two heat shock protein genes. Our findings suggest a potential neuroprotective use for Carqueja, supporting the idea that dietary antioxidants are a promising approach to boost the defensive systems against stress and neurodegeneration.
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Menezes APS, Da Silva J, Rossato RR, Santos MS, Decker N, Da Silva FR, Cruz C, Dihl RR, Lehmann M, Ferraz ABF. Genotoxic and biochemical changes in Baccharis trimera induced by coal contamination. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 114:9-16. [PMID: 25590379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The processing and combustion of coal in thermal power plants release anthropogenic chemicals into the environment. Baccharis trimera is a common plant used in folk medicine that grows readily in soils degraded by coal mining activities. This shrub bioaccumulates metals released into the environment, and thus its consumption may be harmful to health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity (DPPH), genotoxic (comet assay) and mutagenic potential (CBMN-cyt) in V79 cells of B. trimera aqueous extracts in the coal-mining region of Candiota (Bt-AEC), and in Bagé, a city that does not experience the effects of exposure to coal (Bt-AEB, a reference site). In the comet assay, only Bt-AEC was genotoxic at the highest doses (0.8mg/mL and 1.6mg/mL), compared to the control. For extracts from both areas, mutagenic effects were observed at higher concentrations compared to the control. The cell damage parameters were significantly high in both extracts; however, more striking values were observed for Bt-AEC, up to the dose of 0.8mg/mL. In chemical analysis, no variation was observed in the contents of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, neither the antioxidant activity, which may suggest that DNA damage observed in V79 cells was induced by the presence of coal contaminants absorbed by the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P S Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Região da Campanha (URCAMP), Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J Da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil.
| | - R R Rossato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Região da Campanha (URCAMP), Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M S Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - N Decker
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - F R Da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - C Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - R R Dihl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - M Lehmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - A B F Ferraz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil.
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Survey of plants popularly used for pain relief in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Figueiredo-Rinhel ASG, Kabeya LM, Bueno PCP, Jorge-Tiossi RF, Azzolini AECS, Bastos JK, Lucisano-Valim YM. Inhibition of the human neutrophil oxidative metabolism by Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) is influenced by seasonality and the ratio of caffeic acid to other phenolic compounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:655-664. [PMID: 24076472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The great potential of phytotherapic drugs for treating and preventing inflammatory diseases mediated by increased neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation has guided the search for new natural products with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C. (Asteraceae), the main botanical source of Brazilian green propolis, is a native plant from Brazil widely used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory. This study aims: (a) to determine the influence of seasonality on the chemical profile and biological activity of Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) leaf extracts (BdE); (b) to analyze the correlation between the major compounds and the ability of BdE to modulate the superoxide anion and total ROS generation by human neutrophils. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracts were obtained from leaf samples collected monthly during one year. The superoxide anion and total ROS generation were assessed by the lucigenin (CL-luc)- and luminol (CL-lum)-enhanced chemiluminescence assays. RESULTS Seasonality influenced more the quantitative than the qualitative chemical profile of B. dracunculifolia, and affected its biological activity. The major compounds identified were caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, aromadendrin-4'-methyl ether (AME), isosakuranetin and artepillin C. The IC₅₀ values obtained for CL-lum and CL-luc inhibition by BdE ranged from 8.1-15.8 and 5.8-13.3µgmL(-1), respectively, and correlated positively with caffeic acid concentration. CL-luc inhibition correlated negatively with the concentration of artepillin C, AME, isosakuranetin and total flavonoids. The BdE sample from May/07 inhibited CL-lum and CL-luc the most strongly (IC₅₀=8.1 ± 1.6 and 5.8 ± 1.0 µg mL(-1), respectively), and contained the highest ratio of caffeic acid to the other isolated compounds; so, this ratio could be employed as chemical marker for this biological activity of B. dracunculifolia. CONCLUSION The ability of B. dracunculifolia to inhibit the neutrophil ROS generation depends more on the type and ratio of phenolic compounds and flavonoids than on their high absolute concentrations. Together, our results help select the most appropriate plant material for the production of phytotherapic drugs to be used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases mediated by increased neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa S G Figueiredo-Rinhel
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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de Oliveira CB, Comunello LN, Maciel ÉS, Giubel SR, Bruno AN, Chiela ECF, Lenz G, Gnoatto SCB, Buffon A, Gosmann G. The inhibitory effects of phenolic and terpenoid compounds from Baccharis trimera in Siha cells: differences in their activity and mechanism of action. Molecules 2013; 18:11022-32. [PMID: 24022763 PMCID: PMC6270023 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180911022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Baccharis trimera is used in folk medicine as a tea for digestive and liver diseases. It possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that are related to the presence of phenolic compounds. The aim of this work was to investigate the anti-proliferative properties of phenolic (PHE) and terpenoid (SAP) compounds from B. trimera on human cervical cancer. The treatment of SiHa cells with PHE for 24 h suppressed colony formation in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited proliferation and inhibited cell motility. Although SAP inhibited the proliferation of SiHa cells in a dose-dependent manner, it increased colony formation and did not inhibit cell motility. PHE and SAP also promoted a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the culture medium in a dose-dependent manner, indicating a loss of cell membrane integrity. Moreover, PHE promoted necrotic cell death, whereas SAP induced apoptosis. These compounds are new anticancer prototypes due their significant anticancer activity demonstrated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane B. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Síntese Orgânica (LAFIS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.B.O.); (L.N.C.); (É.S.M.); (S.C.B.G.)
- Laboratório de Análises Bioquímicas e Citológicas (LABC), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Lucimara N. Comunello
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Síntese Orgânica (LAFIS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.B.O.); (L.N.C.); (É.S.M.); (S.C.B.G.)
| | - Érica S. Maciel
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Síntese Orgânica (LAFIS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.B.O.); (L.N.C.); (É.S.M.); (S.C.B.G.)
| | - Scheron R. Giubel
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, Porto Alegre 90030-041, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (S.R.G.); (A.N.B.)
| | - Alessandra N. Bruno
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, Porto Alegre 90030-041, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (S.R.G.); (A.N.B.)
| | - Eduardo C. F. Chiela
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (E.C.F.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Guido Lenz
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (E.C.F.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Simone C. B. Gnoatto
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Síntese Orgânica (LAFIS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.B.O.); (L.N.C.); (É.S.M.); (S.C.B.G.)
| | - Andréia Buffon
- Laboratório de Análises Bioquímicas e Citológicas (LABC), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Grace Gosmann
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Síntese Orgânica (LAFIS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.B.O.); (L.N.C.); (É.S.M.); (S.C.B.G.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +55-51-3308-5516; Fax: +55-51-3308-5437
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Khoddami A, Wilkes MA, Roberts TH. Techniques for analysis of plant phenolic compounds. Molecules 2013; 18:2328-75. [PMID: 23429347 PMCID: PMC6270361 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18022328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 503] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are well-known phytochemicals found in all plants. They consist of simple phenols, benzoic and cinnamic acid, coumarins, tannins, lignins, lignans and flavonoids. Substantial developments in research focused on the extraction, identification and quantification of phenolic compounds as medicinal and/or dietary molecules have occurred over the last 25 years. Organic solvent extraction is the main method used to extract phenolics. Chemical procedures are used to detect the presence of total phenolics, while spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques are utilized to identify and quantify individual phenolic compounds. This review addresses the application of different methodologies utilized in the analysis of phenolic compounds in plant-based products, including recent technical developments in the quantification of phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khoddami
- Department of Plant and Food Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; E-Mails: (A.K.); (M.A.W.)
| | - Meredith A. Wilkes
- Department of Plant and Food Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; E-Mails: (A.K.); (M.A.W.)
| | - Thomas H. Roberts
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +61-2-8627-1042; Fax: +61-2-8627-1099
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Natural products as a source for treating neglected parasitic diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:3395-439. [PMID: 23389040 PMCID: PMC3588050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14023395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by parasites are a major threat for the entire mankind, especially in the tropics. More than 1 billion people world-wide are directly exposed to tropical parasites such as the causative agents of trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis, which represent a major health problem, particularly in impecunious areas. Unlike most antibiotics, there is no "general" antiparasitic drug available. Here, the selection of antiparasitic drugs varies between different organisms. Some of the currently available drugs are chemically de novo synthesized, however, the majority of drugs are derived from natural sources such as plants which have subsequently been chemically modified to warrant higher potency against these human pathogens. In this review article we will provide an overview of the current status of plant derived pharmaceuticals and their chemical modifications to target parasite-specific peculiarities in order to interfere with their proliferation in the human host.
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Aqueous extracts of the edible Gracilaria tenuistipitata are protective against H₂O₂-induced DNA damage, growth inhibition, and cell cycle arrest. Molecules 2012; 17:7241-54. [PMID: 22695230 PMCID: PMC6268842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17067241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential antioxidant properties of an aqueous extract of the edible red seaweed Gracilaria tenuistipitata (AEGT) against oxidative DNA damage were evaluated. The AEGT revealed several antioxidant molecules, including phenolics, flavonoids and ascorbic acid. In a cell-free assay, the extract exhibited 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity that significantly reduced H2O2-induced plasmid DNA breaks in a dose-response manner (P < 0.001). The AEGT also suppressed H2O2-induced oxidative DNA damage in H1299 cells by reducing the percentage of damaged DNA in a dose-response manner (P < 0.001) as measured by a modified alkaline comet-nuclear extract (comet-NE) assay. The MTT assay results showed that AEGT confers significant protection against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and that AEGT itself is not cytotoxic (P < 0.001). Moreover, H2O2-induced cell cycle G2/M arrest was significantly released when cells were co-treated with different concentrations of AEGT (P < 0.001). Taken together, these findings suggest that edible red algae Gracilaria water extract can prevent H2O2-induced oxidative DNA damage and its related cellular responses.
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