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Faienza MF, Giardinelli S, Annicchiarico A, Chiarito M, Barile B, Corbo F, Brunetti G. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5873. [PMID: 38892062 PMCID: PMC11172758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone health is the result of a tightly regulated balance between bone modeling and bone remodeling, and alterations of these processes have been observed in several diseases both in adult and pediatric populations. The imbalance in bone remodeling can ultimately lead to osteoporosis, which is most often associated with aging, but contributing factors can already act during the developmental age, when over a third of bone mass is accumulated. The maintenance of an adequate bone mass is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as physical activity and diet, and particularly by an adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D. In addition, it has been claimed that the integration of specific nutraceuticals such as resveratrol, anthocyanins, isoflavones, lycopene, curcumin, lutein, and β-carotene and the intake of bioactive compounds from the diet such as honey, tea, dried plums, blueberry, and olive oil can be efficient strategies for bone loss prevention. Nutraceuticals and functional foods are largely used to provide medical or health benefits, but there is an urge to determine which products have adequate clinical evidence and a strong safety profile. The aim of this review is to explore the scientific and clinical evidence of the positive role of nutraceuticals and functional food in bone health, focusing both on molecular mechanisms and on real-world studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.F.F.)
| | - Silvia Giardinelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Annicchiarico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Mariangela Chiarito
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.F.F.)
| | - Barbara Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
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Kulczyński B, Sidor A, Brzozowska A, Gramza-Michałowska A. The role of carotenoids in bone health-A narrative review. Nutrition 2024; 119:112306. [PMID: 38211461 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis constitutes a serious challenge for public health. Dietary patterns belong to important, modifiable risk factors of this disease. Therefore, what and in what quantities we consume on a daily basis are extremely relevant. It is commonly known that bone health is positively affected by vitamins (e.g., vitamin D and vitamin K) as well as mineral components (e.g., calcium and magnesium). However, the human diet consists of many other groups of compounds that exhibit a potential antiosteoporotic and supporting bone-building effect. These dietary components include carotenoids. This paper presents a broad review of studies on the influence of particular carotenoids (β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene) on bones. The paper discusses up-to-date in vitro experiments and research on animal models and presents how the results translate into clinical effect in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Kulczyński
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sidor
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Brzozowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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Wang S, Heng K, Song X, Zhai J, Zhang H, Geng Q. Lycopene Improves Bone Quality in SAMP6 Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Cellular Senescence, and the SASP. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300330. [PMID: 37880898 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Cellular senescence (CS) is closely related to tissue ageing including bone ageing. CS and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) have emerged as critical pathogenesis elements of senile osteoporosis. This study aims to investigate the effect of lycopene on senile osteoporosis. METHODS AND RESULTS The senescence-accelerated mouse prone 6 (SAMP6) strain of mice is used as the senile osteoporosis model. Daily ingestion of lycopene for 8 weeks preserves the bone mass, density, strength, and microarchitecture in the SAMP6 mice. Moreover, these alterations are associated with a decrease in oxidative stress in the senile osteoporosis model. In addition, there is a reduction in osteoblast and osteocyte senescence and the SASP in the bone tissues of the SAMP6 mice. Lycopene improves bone health likely due to its antioxidant properties that may be linked with the regulation of CS and SASP in the SAMP6 mice. CONCLUSION These results suggest that lycopene may be beneficial for the management of senile osteoporosis by inhibiting oxidative stress, CS, and the SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Research of Osteoporosis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
- Central Lab, Pizhou Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ke Heng
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Xingchen Song
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Research of Osteoporosis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
- Central Lab, Pizhou Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
| | - Juan Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Research of Osteoporosis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
- Central Lab, Pizhou Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
| | - Huanyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Research of Osteoporosis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
- Central Lab, Pizhou Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
| | - Qinghe Geng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Research of Osteoporosis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
- Central Lab, Pizhou Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221300, China
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Elsammak GA, Talaat A, Reda S. The possible ameliorative role of Lycopene on Tributyltin induced thyroid damage in adult male albino rats (histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical study). Ultrastruct Pathol 2023; 47:324-338. [PMID: 37125846 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2205922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin is used in industrial applications. This current research aimed to study the effect of Tributyltin on the thyroid gland structure and function of adult male albino rats and the protective effect of Lycopene. Twenty-one male adult albino rats were classified into three groups: Control, treated that received Tributyltin, and protective that received Lycopene with Tributyltin. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and T4, T3, and (TSH) were measured. Tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. Thyroid gland specimens were processed for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Then morphometric and statistical analyses were done. The treated group showed affection in thyroid function and histological structure as vacuolated colloid and cytoplasm and dark nuclei. Ultrastructurally, follicular cells showed irregular shrunken nuclei, atrophied apical microvilli, vacuoles, multiple lysosomal granules, mitochondria with destructed cristae, and extensively dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. There was increase in Caspase-3 immunoexpression and decrease in Beclin-1 immunoexpression. The thyroid structure and biochemical markers improved after Lycopene administration. The thyroid gland damage caused by Tributyltin is ameliorated by Lycopene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada A Elsammak
- Medical Histology and cell biology Department, Zagazig University Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Talaat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samar Reda
- Medical Histology and cell biology Department, Zagazig University Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
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Semeghini MS, Scalize PH, Coelho MC, Fernandes RR, Pitol DL, Tavares MS, de Sousa LG, Coppi AA, Siessere S, Bombonato‐Prado KF. Lycopene prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats and increases the number of osteocytes and osteoblasts. J Anat 2022; 241:729-740. [PMID: 35445391 PMCID: PMC9358754 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent disease with a high incidence in women at the onset of menopause mainly because of hormonal changes, genetics, and lifestyle, leading to decreased bone mass and risk of fractures. Maintaining bone mass is a challenge for postmenopausal women, with calcium-rich food intake being essential for bone health. Nevertheless, other nutrients such as carotenoids may influence bone metabolism because of their high antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the carotenoid lycopene on bone cells and in the microarchitecture of ovariectomized rats employing in vitro and in vivo assays. After 8 weeks of ovariectomy, femurs were removed to isolate bone marrow mesenchymal cells to be cultured in osteogenic medium (sham and ovariectomized/OVX) or with 1 μmol/L lycopene (OVX/Lyc). There were performed assays for alkaline phosphatase activity and its in situ detection, mineralization nodules, and quantitative expression of genes associated with osteogenesis. Daily ingestion of 10 mg/kg of lycopene by oral gavage for 8 weeks after ovariectomy was conducted for stereological evaluation of the number and volume of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes of femur distal epiphysis and for microtomographic evaluation of the bone microarchitecture of the femoral proximal epiphysis. Data were normalized and analyzed by comparison among the groups using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests with the significance level set out at 5%. Results showed that lycopene promoted an increase in ALP in situ detection as well as a significant increase in mineralized nodules deposition and expression of genes Runx2 and Bglap when compared with the OVX group. The administration by oral gavage of lycopene increased the total number of osteoblasts and osteocytes when compared to sham and ovariectomized groups. Additionally, it decreased the volume and number of osteoclasts and also reduced the volume of osteocytes compared to the sham group. These results suggest that lycopene improves bone cell metabolism and bone remodeling with the onset of osteoporosis. Future studies with different concentrations and periods of administration should be carried out to shed further light on it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Sgarbi Semeghini
- Bone Research LabDepartment of Basic and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Priscila Hakime Scalize
- Bone Research LabDepartment of Basic and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Maria Carolina Coelho
- Bone Research LabDepartment of Basic and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Roger Rodrigo Fernandes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and PeriodontologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Dimitrius Leonardo Pitol
- Bone Research LabDepartment of Basic and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Milla Sproni Tavares
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and PeriodontologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Sousa
- Bone Research LabDepartment of Basic and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | | | - Selma Siessere
- Bone Research LabDepartment of Basic and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Karina Fittipaldi Bombonato‐Prado
- Bone Research LabDepartment of Basic and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
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Oliveira HFDE, Mello HHDEC, Leandro NSM, Mascarenhas AG, Conceição ECDA, Arnhold E, Lage ME, Souza MIA. Lipid stability of egg and laying performance of Japanese quail feed with extract of guava (Psidium guajava L.). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20191424. [PMID: 34586314 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120191424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of guava extract on laying performance and lipid stability of egg of Japanese quails. For the first experiment, 384 Japanese quails with 42 days old were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0.0; 3.0; 6.0; 9.0 g.kg-1 guava extract), 6 replicates, and 16 birds/replicate. The experimental period lasted 84 days, divided into 4 cycles of 21 days. The parameters evaluated were: feed consumption, egg production, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, and egg internal and external qualities. On the second experiment, 400 eggs from Japanese quails fed with diets containing four levels of guava extract were distributed in a completely randomized design with a 4x4 factorial arrangement (guava extract levels and storage time: 0, 9, 18, 27 days) with 5 replicates. Analysis of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was performed on egg yolks. Data were submitted to regression analysis, using α=0.05. On the first experiment, the laying performance parameters were not influenced by the inclusion of guava extract in the feed, and eggshell thickness decreased linearly. On the second experiment an interaction was observed between the studied factors, affecting lipid oxidation in egg yolks. At nine days of storage, there was a quadratic effect of levels of dietary guava extract on lipid oxidation of yolk, being observed that using 4.8 g.kg-1 of guava extract on feed results in less lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder F DE Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Helena DE C Mello
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Nadja S M Leandro
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Alessandra G Mascarenhas
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Edemilson C DA Conceição
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua 240, Esquina com 5ª Avenida, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-170 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Arnhold
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Moacir E Lage
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos, Rodovia GO 462, Km 0, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Maria Izabel A Souza
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos, Rodovia GO 462, Km 0, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Potential Role of Lycopene in the Prevention of Postmenopausal Bone Loss: Evidence from Molecular to Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197119. [PMID: 32992481 PMCID: PMC7582596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density, which affects the quality of life of the aging population. Furthermore, disruption of bone microarchitecture and the alteration of non-collagenous protein in bones lead to higher fracture risk. This is most common in postmenopausal women. Certain medications are being used for the treatment of osteoporosis; however, these may be accompanied by undesirable side effects. Phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables are a source of micronutrients for the maintenance of bone health. Among them, lycopene has recently been shown to have a potential protective effect against bone loss. Lycopene is a lipid-soluble carotenoid that exists in both all-trans and cis-configurations in nature. Tomato and tomato products are rich sources of lycopene. Several human epidemiological studies, supplemented by in vivo and in vitro studies, have shown decreased bone loss following the consumption of lycopene/tomato. However, there are still limited studies that have evaluated the effect of lycopene on the prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the relevant literature on the potential impact of lycopene on postmenopausal bone loss with molecular and clinical evidence, including an overview of bone biology and the pathophysiology of osteoporosis.
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Przybylska S. Lycopene – a bioactive carotenoid offering multiple health benefits: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Przybylska
- Department Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries West Pomeranian University of Technology Papieża Pawła VI Str. No. 3 Szczecin 71‐459 Poland
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Pandey MK, Gupta SC, Karelia D, Gilhooley PJ, Shakibaei M, Aggarwal BB. Dietary nutraceuticals as backbone for bone health. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1633-1648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Li X, Xue W, Cao Y, Long Y, Xie M. Effect of lycopene on titanium implant osseointegration in ovariectomized rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:237. [PMID: 30223885 PMCID: PMC6142359 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-018-0944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lycopene prevents bone loss in osteopenic models. However, the role of lycopene in the success rate of dental implants under osteopenic conditions remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether lycopene prevents delayed implant osseointegration in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. Methods Thirty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: OVX with vehicle (OVX group), OVX with lycopene (OVX + lycopene group) and sham-operated with vehicle (sham group). Twelve weeks after ovariectomy or sham operation, titanium implants were placed into the distal metaphysis of the bilateral femurs of each rat. These rats were subsequently gavaged with lycopene (50 mg/kg/day) or vehicle. After 12 weeks of gavage, all rats were sacrificed, and specimens were harvested. Sample osseointegration was evaluated by biomechanical testing, 3D micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis and histomorphometric analysis. Results Compared with the OVX group, the OVX + lycopene group showed a 69.3% increase in the maximum push-out force (p < 0.01). Micro-CT data for the femurs in the OVX + lycopene group showed significantly higher bone volume, trabecular thickness and less trabecular space than did those in the OVX group. The bone area (BA) around the implant and bone contact (BC) with the implant were increased by 72.3% (p < 0.01) and 51.4% (p < 0.01) in the OVX + lycopene group, respectively, compared with those in the OVX group. There was no significant difference in the mechanical test, micro-CT scanning and histomorphometric data between the OVX + lycopene and sham groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Lycopene improved implant osseointegration, fixation and bone formation under osteopenic conditions, suggesting that lycopene is a promising therapeutic agent to prevent delayed implant osseointegration and bone loss under osteopenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10th Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Wenli Xue
- Department of Prosthodontics, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10th Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10th Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yanming Long
- Department of Prosthodontics, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10th Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Mengsheng Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10th Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
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Matsumoto Y, Tousen Y, Ishimi Y. β-Carotene prevents bone loss in hind limb unloading mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 63:42-49. [PMID: 30087543 PMCID: PMC6064820 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Carotene has been reported to be useful to maintain a positive balance of bone turnover. However, the effects of β-carotene on bone loss remain to be elucidated in mice with hind limb unloading. Therefore, we investigated whether β-carotene prevented bone loss induced by skeletal hind limb unloading in mice. Female 8-week-old ddY mice were divided into six groups (n = 6–8 each) and subjected to: (1) normal housing, (2) sham unloading fed a control diet, (3) hind limb unloading fed a control diet, (4) hind limb unloading fed a 0.025% β-carotene-containing diet, (5) hind limb unloading fed a 0.05% β-carotene-containing diet, and (6) hind limb unloading fed a 0.25% β-carotene-containing diet. After 3 weeks, bone mineral density of the tibia was markedly reduced by unloading, which was prevented by 0.025% β-carotene. Histological analysis revealed a hind limb unloading-induced decrease in the calcified bone of the femur, which was slightly prevented by 0.025% β-carotene. The 0.025% β-carotene-containing diet increased the gene expression of osteoprotegerin in the bone marrow cells in unloading mice. These results suggest that a β-carotene-containing diet may preserve bone health in subjects with disabilities as well as in astronauts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Matsumoto
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yuko Tousen
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Ishimi
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
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Costa-Rodrigues J, Fernandes MH, Pinho O, Monteiro PRR. Modulation of human osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis by lycopene. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 57:26-34. [PMID: 29655028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene is a lipid-soluble pigment that is mainly found in tomato. It is the carotenoid that presents the highest antioxidant potential, and due to that, it has been implicated in a decrease of the risk of several oxidative-stress-related disorders, such as cancer, inflammatory diseases and osteoporosis. Nevertheless, at the present, there is no detailed information about how lycopene affects bone metabolism. The aim of the present work was to characterize the cellular and molecular effects of lycopene on human osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation and function. It was observed that lycopene, at levels found in plasma after the ingestion of lycopene-containing products, decreased osteoclast differentiation but did not affect cell density/survival; calcium-phosphate resorbing ability was also decreased. On the other hand, osteoblast proliferation (via a decrease on apoptosis) and differentiation were increased in the presence of lycopene. The observed effects in both cell types appeared to be related to significant changes in MEK signaling pathway, but also in protein kinase C pathway in osteoclasts and NFkB signaling in osteoblasts. In conclusion, lycopene appears to promote an anabolic state of bone metabolism, stimulating osteoblastogenesis and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, which may contribute to the promotion of a proper health status of bone tissue. This information might be relevant for the prevention and delay in the progression of osteolytic bone conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Costa-Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, U. Porto, Portugal; ESS-Escola Superior de Saúde, P. Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, U. Porto, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior de Saúde, Portugal.
| | | | - Olívia Pinho
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, U. Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV-U. Porto, Portugal
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Ardawi MSM, Badawoud MH, Hassan SM, Rouzi AA, Ardawi JMS, AlNosani NM, Qari MH, Mousa SA. Lycopene treatment against loss of bone mass, microarchitecture and strength in relation to regulatory mechanisms in a postmenopausal osteoporosis model. Bone 2016; 83:127-140. [PMID: 26549245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lycopene supplementation decreases oxidative stress and exhibits beneficial effects on bone health, but the mechanisms through which it alters bone metabolism in vivo remain unclear. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of lycopene treatment on postmenopausal osteoporosis. Six-month-old female Wistar rats (n=264) were sham-operated (SHAM) or ovariectomized (OVX). The SHAM group received oral vehicle only and the OVX rats were randomized into five groups receiving oral daily lycopene treatment (mg/kg body weight per day): 0 OVX (control), 15 OVX, 30 OVX, and 45 OVX, and one group receiving alendronate (ALN) (2μg/kg body weight per day), for 12weeks. Bone densitometry measurements, bone turnover markers, biomechanical testing, and histomorphometric analysis were conducted. Micro computed tomography was also used to evaluate changes in microarchitecture. Lycopene treatment suppressed the OVX-induced increase in bone turnover, as indicated by changes in biomarkers of bone metabolism: serum osteocalcin (s-OC), serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (s-PINP), serum crosslinked carboxyterminal telopeptides (s-CTX-1), and urinary deoxypyridinoline (u-DPD). Significant improvement in OVX-induced loss of bone mass, bone strength, and microarchitectural deterioration was observed in lycopene-treated OVX animals. These effects were observed mainly at sites rich in trabecular bone, with less effect in cortical bone. Lycopene treatment down-regulated osteoclast differentiation concurrent with up-regulating osteoblast together with glutathione peroxidase (GPx) catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. These findings demonstrate that lycopene treatment in OVX rats primarily suppressed bone turnover to restore bone strength and microarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed-Salleh M Ardawi
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed H Badawoud
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif M Hassan
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahim A Rouzi
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumanah M S Ardawi
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf M AlNosani
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Qari
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State of New York University, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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15
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Iimura Y, Agata U, Takeda S, Kobayashi Y, Yoshida S, Ezawa I, Omi N. The protective effect of lycopene intake on bone loss in ovariectomized rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2015; 33:270-8. [PMID: 24996525 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-014-0596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant lycopene supplementation has been shown to decrease oxidative stress and have beneficial effects on bone health. However, it remains unclear whether lycopene exerts its beneficial effect on bone metabolism through mitigation of oxidative stress in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lycopene intake protects against bone loss by reducing oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats. Female Sprague-Dawley 6-week-old rats were ovariectomized and randomly divided into four groups according to the lycopene content of their diet: 0, 50, 100, and 200 ppm. The tibial bone mineral density (BMD) in the 50, 100, and 200 ppm groups was significantly higher than that in the 0 ppm group. Serum and urinary bone resorption marker levels were significantly lower in the 50, 100, and 200 ppm groups than in the 0 ppm group. There was no significant difference in systemic oxidative stress markers among all groups. However, systemic oxidative stress levels were inversely correlated with the tibial BMD. Our findings suggest that lycopene intake significantly inhibits bone loss by suppressing bone resorption in ovariectomized rats. Further studies are necessary to clarify the effect of lycopene on oxidative stress in local tissues such as bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Iimura
- Department of Health and Sport Science, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
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16
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Iimura Y, Agata U, Takeda S, Kobayashi Y, Yoshida S, Ezawa I, Omi N. Lycopene intake facilitates the increase of bone mineral density in growing female rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2015; 60:101-7. [PMID: 24975219 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.60.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Intake of the antioxidant lycopene has been reported to decrease oxidative stress and have beneficial effects on bone health. However, few in vivo studies have addressed these beneficial effects in growing female rodents or young women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lycopene intake on bone metabolism through circulating oxidative stress in growing female rats. Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the lycopene content in their diet: 0, 50, and 100 ppm. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and the tibial proximal metaphysis increased with lycopene content in a dose-dependent manner; the BMD in 100 ppm group was significantly higher than in the 0 ppm group. The urine deoxypyridinoline concentrations were significantly lower in the 50 and 100 ppm groups than in the 0 ppm group, and the serum bone-type alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in 100 ppm group than in the 0 ppm group. No difference in systemic oxidative stress level was observed; however, the oxidative stress level inversely correlated with the tibial BMD. Our findings suggested that lycopene intake facilitates bone formation and inhibits bone resorption, leading to an increase of BMD in growing female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Iimura
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba
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17
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Kim MH, Kim EJ, Jung JY, Choi MK. Effect of water-soluble silicon supplementation on bone status and balance of calcium and magnesium in male mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:238-42. [PMID: 24664270 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9936-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is important for the growth and development of bone and connective tissues. Several studies have reported that Si supplementation improved bone mineral density (BMD) in female ovarectomized rats. However, few studies have investigated the effects of Si supplementation on bone status and bone metabolism in male animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Si supplementation on BMD and balance of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in adult male mice. Si was administrated orally through demineralized water containing different contents of Si as a form of sodium metasilicate (0 %, control; 0.025 %, Si50; 0.050 %, Si100; and 0.075 %, Si150) to 9-week-old male mice for 4 weeks. Si supplementation did not alter weight gain or BMD of femur and tibia in male mice. However, a high level of Si (0.05 and 0.075 %) supplementation significantly decreased Mg retention without changing Ca retention. Serum alkaline phosphatase of Si-supplemented groups significantly decreased compared with that of the control. According to these results, short-term Si supplementation did not affect BMD but showed a possible effect on increasing the need for Mg in adult male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyun Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong,, Chungbuk, 368-701, South Korea
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18
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Sacco SM, Horcajada MN, Offord E. Phytonutrients for bone health during ageing. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 75:697-707. [PMID: 23384080 PMCID: PMC3575936 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and bone quality that predispose an individual to an increased risk of fragility fractures. Evidence demonstrating a positive link between certain dietary patterns (e.g. Mediterranean diet or high consumption of fruits and vegetables) and bone health highlights an opportunity to investigate their potential to protect against the deterioration of bone tissue during ageing. While the list of these phytonutrients is extensive, this review summarizes evidence on some which are commonly consumed and have gained increasing attention over recent years, including lycopene and various polyphenols (e.g. polyphenols from tea, grape seed, citrus fruit, olive and dried plum). Evidence to define a clear link between these phytonutrients and bone health is currently insufficient to generate precise dietary recommendations, owing to mixed findings or a scarcity in clinical data. Moreover, their consumption typically occurs within the context of a diet consisting of a mix of phytonutrients and other nutrients rather than in isolation. Future clinical trials that can apply a robust set of outcome measurements, including the determinants of bone strength, such as bone quantity (i.e. bone mineral density) and bone quality (i.e. bone turnover and bone microarchitecture), will help to provide a more comprehensive outlook on how bone responds to these various phytonutrients. Moreover, future trials that combine these phytonutrients with established bone nutrients (i.e. calcium and vitamin D) are needed to determine whether combined strategies can produce more robust effects on skeletal health.
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