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Moukham H, Lambiase A, Barone GD, Tripodi F, Coccetti P. Exploiting Natural Niches with Neuroprotective Properties: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1298. [PMID: 38732545 PMCID: PMC11085272 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products from mushrooms, plants, microalgae, and cyanobacteria have been intensively explored and studied for their preventive or therapeutic potential. Among age-related pathologies, neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases) represent a worldwide health and social problem. Since several pathological mechanisms are associated with neurodegeneration, promising strategies against neurodegenerative diseases are aimed to target multiple processes. These approaches usually avoid premature cell death and the loss of function of damaged neurons. This review focuses attention on the preventive and therapeutic potential of several compounds derived from natural sources, which could be exploited for their neuroprotective effect. Curcumin, resveratrol, ergothioneine, and phycocyanin are presented as examples of successful approaches, with a special focus on possible strategies to improve their delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Moukham
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
| | - Alessia Lambiase
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Farida Tripodi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Coccetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Dewes Neto B, Gomes-Copeland KKP, Silveira D, Gomes SM, Craesmeyer JMM, de Castro Nizio DA, Fagg CW. Influence of Sucrose and Activated Charcoal on Phytochemistry and Vegetative Growth in Zephyranthes irwiniana (Ravenna) Nic. García (Amaryllidaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:569. [PMID: 38475416 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Zephyranthes irwiniana (Ravenna) Nic. García is an endemic, red list threatened species from the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) with pharmacological potential to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This work analyzed the vegetative growth and phytochemistry of its potential compounds, in response to variations in sucrose concentration and activated carbon (AC). Seeds were germinated in vitro and in the greenhouse. The in vitro bulbs were separated in six treatments with different sucrose concentrations (30, 45 and 60 gL-1) and/or AC (1 gL-1). Biomass increases in individuals grown in the greenhouse were higher than those cultivated in vitro. Sucrose concentration significantly increased biomass and root number. AC had a positive influence on leaf and root size, and a negative influence on root number. GC-MS analyses indicated great variation in the abundance of α-terpenyl-acetate, ethyl linoleate, clionasterol and lycorine between treatments, with maximum concentrations of 53.06%, 38.68, 14.34% and 2.57%, respectively. Histolocalization tests indicated the presence of alkaloids in the leaf chlorenchyma and bulb cataphylls. Finally, the present study provided new evidence that the constitution of the culture medium directly influences the vegetative growth and phytochemistry of this species, providing a good medium condition for propagating the species under threat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dâmaris Silveira
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Sueli Maria Gomes
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Evidente A. Advances on the Amaryllidacea Alkaloids Collected in South Africa, Andean South America and the Mediterranean Basin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104055. [PMID: 37241796 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The alkaloids are one of the most represented family of natural occurring biological active compounds. Amaryllidaceae are also very well known for their beautiful flower and are thus used as ornamental plants in historic and public gardens. The Amaryllidacea alkaloids constitute an important group that is subdivided into different subfamilies with different carbon skeletons. They are well known from ancient times for their long application in folk medicine, and in particular, Narcissus poeticus L. was known to Hippocrates of Cos (ca. B.C. 460-370), who treated uterine tumors with a formulate prepared from narcissus oil. To date, more than 600 alkaloids of 15 chemical groups exhibiting various biological activities have been isolated from the Amaryllidaceae plants. This plant genus is diffused in regions of Southern Africa, Andean South America and the Mediterranean basin. Thus, this review describes the chemical and biological activity of the alkaloids collected in these regions in the last two decades as weel those of isocarbostyls isolated from Amaryllidaceae in the same regions and same period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70185 Bari, Italy
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Smyrska-Wieleba N, Mroczek T. Natural Inhibitors of Cholinesterases: Chemistry, Structure-Activity and Methods of Their Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032722. [PMID: 36769043 PMCID: PMC9916849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to provide an updated description and comparison of the data currently available in the literature (from the last 15 years) on the studied natural inhibitors of cholinesterases (IChEs), namely, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). These data also apply to the likely impact of the structures of the compounds on the therapeutic effects of available and potential cholinesterase inhibitors. IChEs are hitherto known compounds with various structures, activities and origins. Additionally, multiple different methods of analysis are used to determine the cholinesterase inhibitor potency. This summary indicates that natural sources are still suitable for the discovery of new compounds with prominent pharmacological activity. It also emphasizes that further studies are needed regarding the mechanisms of action or the structure-activity correlation to discuss the issue of cholinesterase inhibitors and their medical application.
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Tallini LR, Osorio EH, Berkov S, Torras-Claveria L, Rodríguez-Escobar ML, Viladomat F, Meerow AW, Bastida J. Chemical Survey of Three Species of the Genus Rauhia Traub (Amaryllidaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11243549. [PMID: 36559661 PMCID: PMC9787901 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant biodiversity is an important source of compounds with medicinal properties. The alkaloid galanthamine, first isolated from Galanthus woronowii (Amaryllidaceae), is approved by the FDA for the palliative treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease due to its acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. Obtaining this active pharmaceutical ingredient, still sourced on an industrial scale from the Amaryllidaceae species, is a challenge for pharmaceutical companies due to its low natural yield and the high cost of its synthesis. The aim of this work was to determine the alkaloid profile of three different Rauhia (Amaryllidaceae) species collected in Peru, and to assess the potential application of their extracts for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The alkaloids were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the AChE inhibitory activity of the extracts was analyzed. Thirty compounds were quantified from the Rauhia species, the R. multiflora extract being the most interesting due to its high diversity of galanthamine-type structures. The R. multiflora extract was also the most active against AChE, with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.17 ± 0.02 μg·mL-1 in comparison with the IC50 values of 0.53 ± 0.12 μg·mL-1 for galanthamine, used as a reference. Computational experiments were carried out on the activity of the galanthamine-type alkaloids identified in R. multiflora toward five different human AChE structures. The simulation of the molecules 3-O-acetylgalanthamine, 3-O-acetylsanguinine, narwedine, and lycoraminone on the 4EY6 crystal structure theoretically showed a higher inhibition of hAChE and different interactions with the active site compared to galanthamine. In conclusion, the results of this first alkaloid profiling of the Rauhia species indicate that R. multiflora is an important natural source of galanthamine-type structures and could be used as a model for the development of biotechnological tools necessary to advance the sustainable production of galanthamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana R. Tallini
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edison H. Osorio
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué 730001, Colombia
| | - Strahil Berkov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity, 23 Acad, G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Laura Torras-Claveria
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María L. Rodríguez-Escobar
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alan W. Meerow
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85282, USA
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Asen ND, Aluko RE. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of antioxidant peptides obtained from enzymatic pea protein hydrolysates and their ultrafiltration peptide fractions. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14289. [PMID: 35758753 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study optimized the enzymatic hydrolysis of yellow field pea proteins using alcalase (ACH), chymotrypsin (CHH), flavourzyme (FZH), pancreatin (PCH), pepsin (PEH), and trypsin (TPH) to obtain hydrolysates and ultrafiltered fractions (<1, 1-3, 3-5 and 5-10 kDa) that possess antioxidant plus acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activities. The hydrolysates exhibited varying degrees of radical scavenging and inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation, as well as cholinesterase inhibition activities but the potency generally improved by >10% after UF separation into peptide fractions. ACH, FZH, and PEH exhibited significantly (p < .05) higher (20%-30% increases) radical scavenging activities than the other hydrolysates. The 1 and 3 kDa UF fractions of ACH, FZH, and PEH inhibited ~20%-30% AChE activity, while ACH, PCH, TPH, and PEH inhibited ~20%-40% BuChE activity. We conclude that the pea protein hydrolysates and their peptide fractions possess multifunctional properties with potential use against neurodegenerative disorders. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has multiple pathological pathways in addition to the loss of acetylcholine (ACh) catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The presence of severe oxidative stress triggered by lipid peroxidation and formation of free radicals is a common trait in AD patients. The concept of AChE and BuChE inhibition as an approach toward AD amelioration involves the use of compounds with a similar structure to ACh, the natural substrate. Peptides derived from food proteins consist of ester bonds with structural similarity to ACh and theoretically possess the ability to interact with AChE and BuChE. Results from the present study imply that pea protein-derived peptides are potential candidates for use as inhibitors of AChE and BuChE activities, with application in the prevention and management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy D Asen
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Rotimi E Aluko
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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de Sousa NF, Scotti L, de Moura ÉP, dos Santos Maia M, Soares Rodrigues GC, de Medeiros HIR, Lopes SM, Scotti MT. Computer Aided Drug Design Methodologies with Natural Products in the Drug Research Against Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:857-885. [PMID: 34636299 PMCID: PMC9881095 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211005145952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are compounds isolated from plants that provide a variety of lead structures for the development of new drugs by the pharmaceutical industry. The interest in these substances increases because of their beneficial effects on human health. Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects occur in about 80% of individuals aged 65 years. AD, the most common cause of dementia in elderly people, is characterized by progressive neurodegenerative alterations, as decrease of cholinergic impulse, increased toxic effects caused by reactive oxygen species and the inflammatory process that the amyloid plaque participates. In silico studies is relevant in the process of drug discovery; through technological advances in the areas of structural characterization of molecules, computational science and molecular biology have contributed to the planning of new drugs used against neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the social impairment caused by an increased incidence of disease and that there is no chemotherapy treatment effective against AD; several compounds are studied. In the researches for effective neuroprotectants as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease, natural products have been extensively studied in various AD models. This study aims to carry out a literature review with articles that address the in silico studies of natural products aimed at potential drugs against Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the period from 2015 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Ferreira de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil;,Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil,Address correspondence to this author at the Health Sciences Center, Chemioinformatic Laboratory, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil; E-mail:
| | - Érika Paiva de Moura
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Mayara dos Santos Maia
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cristina Soares Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Herbert Igor Rodrigues de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Simone Mendes Lopes
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
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Polyketide Derivatives from the Endophytic Fungus Phaeosphaeria sp. LF5 Isolated from Huperzia serrata and Their Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030232. [PMID: 35330234 PMCID: PMC8955197 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The secondary metabolites of Phaeosphaeria sp. LF5, an endophytic fungus with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity isolated from Huperzia serrata, were investigated. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic data, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) analyses, and calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD). A chemical study on the solid-cultured fungus LF5 resulted in 11 polyketide derivatives, which included three previously undescribed derivatives: aspilactonol I (4), 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-6-methylisonicotinic acid (7), and 6,8-dihydroxy-3-(1′R, 2′R-dihydroxypropyl)-isocoumarin (9), and two new natural-source-derived aspilactonols (G, H) (2, 3). Moreover, the absolute configuration of de-O-methyldiaporthin (11) was identified for the first time. Compounds 4 and 11 exhibited inhibitory activity against AChE with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 6.26 and 21.18 µM, respectively. Aspilactonol I (4) is the first reported furanone AChE inhibitor (AChEI). The results indicated that Phaeosphaeria is a good source of polyketide derivatives. This study identified intriguing lead compounds for further research and development of new AChEIs.
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Fernández-Galleguillos C, Romero-Parra J, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Simirgiotis MJ. Alkaloid Profiling, Anti-Enzymatic and Antiproliferative Activity of The Endemic Chilean Amaryllidaceae Phycella cyrtanthoides. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020188. [PMID: 35208261 PMCID: PMC8874788 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aims to identify the alkaloid profile and to evaluate the enzyme inhibitory potential and antiproliferative effects of the Amaryllidaceae plant Phycella cyrtanthoides. The alkaloid extracts from bulbs and leaves were analyzed using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) analysis. A total of 70 alkaloids were detected in the P. cyrtanthoides’ extracts. The enzyme inhibition potential against cholinesterases (AChE: acetylcholinesterase, and BChE butyrylcholinesterase) and tyrosinase were studied. Bulbs displayed the best IC50 values against AChE (4.29 ± 0.03 µg/mL) and BChE (18.32 ± 0.03 µg/mL). These results were consistent with docking experiments with selected major compounds in the active sites of enzymes, while no activity was observed against tyrosinase enzyme. Antiproliferative effects were investigated against human cervical (HeLa), lung (A549, SW1573), colon (WiDr), and breast (HBL-100, T-47D) tumor cell lines. Bulbs and leaves were active in all cell lines (GI50 < 2.5 µg/mL). These findings suggest that the endemic Chilean plant P. cyrtanthoides contains diverse types of bioactive alkaloids with antiproliferative activities and inhibitory effects with potential therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative diseases
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández-Galleguillos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.F.-G.); or (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (C.F.-G.); +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Casilla 233, Santiago 6640022, Chile;
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.F.-G.); or (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-57-2526910 (C.F.-G.); +56-63-63233257 (M.J.S.)
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Chen X, Krug L, Yang M, Berg G, Cernava T. The Himalayan Onion (Allium wallichii Kunth) Harbors Unique Spatially Organized Bacterial Communities. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:909-918. [PMID: 33723621 PMCID: PMC8551121 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01728-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant-associated microorganisms are known to contribute with various beneficial functions to the health and productivity of their hosts, yet the microbiome of most plants remains unexplored. This especially applies to wild relatives of cultivated plants, which might harbor beneficial microorganisms that were lost during intensive breeding. We studied bacterial communities of the Himalayan onion (Allium wallichii Kunth), a wild relative of onion native to mountains in East Asia. The bacterial community structure was assessed in different plant microhabitats (rhizosphere, endosphere, anthosphere) by sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragment amplicons. Targeted bioinformatic analyses were implemented in order to identify unique features in each habitat and to map the overall community in the first representative of the Amaryllidaceae plant family. The highest bacterial diversity was found for bulk soil (Shannon index, H' 9.3) at the high-altitude sampling location. It was followed by the plant rhizosphere (H' 8.9) while communities colonizing flowers (H' 6.1) and the endosphere (H' 6.5 and 5.6) where less diverse. Interestingly, we observed a non-significant rhizosphere effect. Another specificity of the microbiome was its high evenness in taxonomic distribution, which was so far not observed in plant microbiomes. Pseudomonas was identified among additional 10 bacterial genera as a plant-specific signature. The first insights into the microbiome of a plant in the widespread Allium genus will facilitate upcoming comparisons with its domesticated relatives while additionally providing a detailed microbiome mapping of the plant's microhabitats to facilitate bioresource mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyulong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850012, China
| | - Lisa Krug
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Maofa Yang
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Gabriele Berg
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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López AFF, Martínez OMM, Hernández HFC. Evaluation of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids as inhibitors of human acetylcholinesterase by QSAR analysis and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Kohelová E, Maříková J, Korábečný J, Hulcová D, Kučera T, Jun D, Chlebek J, Jenčo J, Šafratová M, Hrabinová M, Ritomská A, Malaník M, Peřinová R, Breiterová K, Kuneš J, Nováková L, Opletal L, Cahlíková L. Alkaloids of Zephyranthes citrina (Amaryllidaceae) and their implication to Alzheimer's disease: Isolation, structural elucidation and biological activity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104567. [PMID: 33387730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Twenty known Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of various structural types, and one undescribed alkaloid of narcikachnine-type, named narcieliine (3), have been isolated from fresh bulbs of Zephyranthes citrina. The chemical structures of the isolated alkaloids were elucidated by a combination of MS, HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and CD spectroscopic techniques, and by comparison with literature data. The absolute configuration of narcieliine (3) has also been determined. Compounds isolated in a sufficient quantity were evaluated for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE; E.C. 3.1.1.7), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; E.C. 3.1.1.8), and prolyl oligopeptidase (POP; E.C. 3.4.21.26) inhibition activities. Significant human AChE/BuChE (hAChE/hBuChE) inhibitory activity was demonstrated by the newly described alkaloid narcieliine (3), with IC50 values of 18.7 ± 2.3 µM and 1.34 ± 0.31 µM, respectively. This compound is also predicted to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) through passive diffusion. The in vitro data were further supported by in silico studies of 3 in the active site of hAChE/hBuChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Kohelová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Maříková
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korábečný
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Hulcová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kučera
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Chlebek
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Jenčo
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Šafratová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinová
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Ritomská
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Malaník
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého třída 1946/1, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rozálie Peřinová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Breiterová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kuneš
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Opletal
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Cahlíková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Stavrakov G, Philipova I, Lukarski A, Atanasova M, Zheleva D, Zhivkova ZD, Ivanov S, Atanasova T, Konstantinov S, Doytchinova I. Galantamine-Curcumin Hybrids as Dual-Site Binding Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:E3341. [PMID: 32717861 PMCID: PMC7435983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galantamine (GAL) and curcumin (CU) are alkaloids used to improve symptomatically neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD). GAL acts mainly as an inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). CU binds to amyloid-beta (Aβ) oligomers and inhibits the formation of Aβ plaques. Here, we combine GAL core with CU fragments and design a combinatorial library of GAL-CU hybrids as dual-site binding AChE inhibitors. The designed hybrids are screened for optimal ADME properties and BBB permeability and docked on AChE. The 14 best performing compounds are synthesized and tested in vitro for neurotoxicity and anti-AChE activity. Five of them are less toxic than GAL and CU and show activities between 41 and 186 times higher than GAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Stavrakov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Irena Philipova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Atanas Lukarski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Mariyana Atanasova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Zvetanka D. Zhivkova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Stefan Ivanov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Teodora Atanasova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Spiro Konstantinov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Irini Doytchinova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (M.A.); (D.Z.); (Z.D.Z.); (S.I.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
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Berkov S, Osorio E, Viladomat F, Bastida J. Chemodiversity, chemotaxonomy and chemoecology of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 83:113-185. [PMID: 32098649 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are a distinctive chemotaxonomic feature of the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the family Amaryllidaceae, which consists of 59 genera and >800 species distributed primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. Since the first isolation, ca. 140 ago, >600 structurally diverse Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have been reported from ca. 350 species (44% of all species in the subfamily). A few have been found in other plant families, but the majority are unique to the Amaryllidoideae. These alkaloids have attracted considerable research interest due to their wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, which have been extensively reviewed. In this chapter we provide a review of the 636 structures of isolated or tentatively identified alkaloids from plants of the Amaryllidoideae and their classification into 42 skeleton types, as well as a discussion on their distribution, and chemotaxonomical and chemoecological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Strahil Berkov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Patil DN, Yadav SR, Patil S, Bapat VA, Jadhav JP. Multidimensional Studies of Pancratium parvum Dalzell Against Acetylcholinesterase: A Potential Enzyme for Alzheimer's Management. J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 39:601-618. [PMID: 31951787 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1709914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Pancratium L. (Amaryllidaceae J.St. Hil.) is a monocot genus with bulbous habitat and about 20 species worldwide have significant medicinal properties. The present envision aims to investigate the potential ability of Pancratium species for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition as a remedy for Alzheimer disease (AD). Different Pancratium species were screened for the inhibition of AChE enzyme from various localities across India. Prominent species was further studied for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, metal chelating and UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis.Methods: Nine different species collected across India were examined for AChE inhibition and for binding affinity studies using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Highest inhibition species was subjected to Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to accomplish the effective conditions for maximum extraction of phytomolecules in accordance with the inhibition of the AChE. Further, extract under optimized conditions were used to study anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, metal chelating and UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis for tentative identification of phytomolecules.Results: Amongst different species collected, P. parvum Dalzell exhibited maximum inhibition 93.30 ± 1.71% with promising IC50 20 ± 0.22 µg/ml value. In addition, binding affinity toward AChE and β plaques using SPR technique showed a higher binding response toward the enzyme. RSM study resulted that water extracts at 50 °C and 5.46 hours heating executed maximum inhibition. Other studies showed prominent anti-inflammatory and metal chelating ability with low antioxidant property.Conclusion: By using UHPLC-QTOF-MS compounds were tentatively identified for the concerned activities mentioned above. This work reports for accounting the detailed study of P. parvum and which can be further entailed for the treatment of various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sushama Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
| | - Vishwas A Bapat
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
| | - Jyoti P Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
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16
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Tallini LR, Bastida J, Cortes N, Osorio EH, Theoduloz C, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Cholinesterase Inhibition Activity, Alkaloid Profiling and Molecular Docking of Chilean Rhodophiala (Amaryllidaceae). Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071532. [PMID: 29949847 PMCID: PMC6099557 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Amaryllidaceae plants are the commercial source of galanthamine, an alkaloid approved for the clinical treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The chemistry and bioactivity of Chilean representatives of Rhodophiala genus from the family of Amaryllidaceae have not been widely studied so far. Ten collections of five different Chilean Rhodophiala were analyzed in vitro for activity against enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) as well as for their alkaloid composition by GC-MS. To obtain an insight into the potential AChE and BuChE inhibitory activity of the alkaloids identified in the most active samples, docking experiments were carried out. Although galanthamine was found neither in aerial parts nor in bulbs of R. splendens, these plant materials were the most active inhibitors of AChE (IC50: 5.78 and 3.62 μg/mL, respectively) and BuChE (IC50: 16.26 and 14.37 μg/mL, respectively). Some 37 known alkaloids and 40 still unidentified compounds were detected in the samples, suggesting high potential in the Chilean Amaryllidaceae plants as sources of both novel bioactive agents and new alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana R Tallini
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Natalie Cortes
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No, 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Edison H Osorio
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, SISCO, Transversal 51A No. 67B-90, Medellín 050034, Colombia.
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Programa de Investigación de Excelencia Interdisciplinaria en Química y Bio-orgánica de Recursos Naturales (PIEI-QUIM-BIO), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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17
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Cortes N, Sierra K, Alzate F, Osorio EH, Osorio E. Alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae as Inhibitors of Cholinesterases (AChEs and BChEs): An Integrated Bioguided Study. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:217-227. [PMID: 29044771 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Enzymatic inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an essential therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AChE inhibitors are the first-line drugs for it treatment. However, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), contributes critically to cholinergic dysfunction associated with AD. Thus, the development of novel therapeutics may involve the inhibition of both cholinesterase enzymes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate, in an integrated bioguided study, cholinesterases alkaloidal inhibitors of Amaryllidaceae species. METHODOLOGY The proposed method combines high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) with data analysis by densitometry, enzymatic bioautography with different AChEs and BChEs, the detection of bioactive molecules through gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of spots of interest, and theoretical in silico studies. RESULTS To evaluate the bioguided method, the AChE and BChE inhibitory activities of seven Amaryllidaceae plant extracts were evaluated. The alkaloid extracts of Eucharis bonplandii exhibited a high level of inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.72 ± 0.05 μg/mL) against human recombinant AChE (hAChE). Regarding human serum BChE (hBChE), the bulb and leaf extracts of Crinum jagus had the highest activity (IC50 = 8.51 ± 0.56 μg/mL and 11.04 ± 1.21 μg/mL, respectively). In the HPTLC spots with high inhibitory activity, several alkaloids were detected using GC-MS, and some of these alkaloids were identified. Galanthamine, galanthamine N-oxide and powelline should be the most prominent inhibitors of substrate accommodation in the active site of the Torpedo californica AChE (TcAChE), hAChE and hBChE enzymes. CONCLUSIONS These results are evidence of the chemical relevance of the Colombian's Amaryllidaceae species for the inhibition of cholinesterases and as potent sources for the palliative treatment of AD. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Cortes
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No, 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Karina Sierra
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No, 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fernando Alzate
- Grupo de Estudios Botánicos, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No, 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Edison H Osorio
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, SISCO, Transversal 51A No. 67B, -90, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No, 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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18
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Ortiz JE, Garro A, Pigni NB, Agüero MB, Roitman G, Slanis A, Enriz RD, Feresin GE, Bastida J, Tapia A. Cholinesterase-inhibitory effect and in silico analysis of alkaloids from bulbs of Hieronymiella species. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 39:66-74. [PMID: 29433685 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Argentina, the Amaryllidaceae family (59 species) comprises a wide variety of genera, only a few species have been investigated as a potential source of cholinesterases inhibitors to treat Alzheimer disease (AD). PURPOSE To study the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities of the basic dichloromethane extracts (E) from Hieronymiella aurea, H. caletensis, H. clidanthoides, H. marginata, and H. speciosa species, as well as the isolated compounds from these plant extracts. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS AChE and BChE inhibitory activities were evaluated with the Ellman's spectrophotometric method. The alkaloids composition from the E was obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The E were successively chromatographed on a silica gel column and permeated on Sephadex LH-20 column to afford the main alkaloids identified by means of spectroscopic data. Additionally, an in silico study was carried out. RESULTS Nine known alkaloids were isolated from the E of five Hieronymiella species. Galanthamine was identified in all the species by GC-MS standing out H. caletensis with a relative abundance of 9.79% of the total ion current. Strong AChE (IC50 = 1.84 - 15.40 µg/ml) and moderate BChE (IC50 = 23.74 - 136.40 µg/ml) inhibitory activities were displayed by the extracts. Among the isolated alkaloids, only sanguinine and chlidanthine (galanthamine-type alkaloids) demonstrated inhibitory activity toward both enzymes. The QTAIM study suggests that sanguinine has the strongest affinity towards AChE, attributed to an additional interaction with Ser200 as well as stronger molecular interactions Glu199 and His440.These results allowed us to differentiate the molecular behavior in the active site among alkaloids possessing different in vitro inhibitory activities. CONCLUSION Hieronymiella species growing in Argentina represent a rich and widespread source of galanthamine and others AChE and BChE inhibitors alkaloids. Additionally, the new trend towards the use of natural extracts as pharmaceuticals rather than pure drugs opens a pathway for the development of a phytomedicine derived from extracts of Hieronymiella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier E Ortiz
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, CONICET, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Adriana Garro
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 915, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Natalia B Pigni
- ICYTAC-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; Departament de Productes Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - María Belén Agüero
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, CONICET, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - German Roitman
- Cátedra de Jardinería, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires 1417, Argentina
| | - Alberto Slanis
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Fundación Miguel Lillo 251, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 915, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Gabriela E Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, CONICET, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología-Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, CONICET, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan CP 5400, Argentina.
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19
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Rhodolirium andicola : a new renewable source of alkaloids with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, a study from nature to molecular docking. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Stavrakov G, Philipova I, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Valkova I, Salamanova E, Konstantinov S, Doytchinova I. Docking-based design and synthesis of galantamine-camphane hybrids as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:709-718. [PMID: 28374576 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Galantamine (GAL) as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) is among the main drugs approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It fits perfectly into acetylcholinesterase (AChE) binding gorge, but it is too short to fill it. The amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide binds in the peripheral anionic site (PAS) at the entrance of the binding gorge of AChE and initiates the formation of amyloid plaques. The blockade of PAS prevents from AChE-induced Aβ aggregation. In this study, we describe the design of a series of galantamine-camphane hybrids as AChEIs. Camphane (CAM) is a bulky fragment that disposes well on the wide gorge entrance. The designed hybrids have linkers of different length. They were docked into AChE, and the highest scored compounds were synthesized and tested for AChE inhibitory activity. Some of the novel hybrids showed 191- and 369-fold better inhibition than GAL. The CAM fragment of the best binders fits in the same region, proximal to PAS, where the Ω-loop of Aβ binds to AChE. The hybrids cross blood-brain barrier by passive diffusion and are non-neurotoxic at the inhibitory concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Stavrakov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Philipova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Iva Valkova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evdokiya Salamanova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Guo JJ, Yang BJ, Jing CX, Chen DZ, Hao XJ. Rapid Synthesis of Ismine, a Bioactive Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3184/174751917x14894997017496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ismine (6-[2-(methylamino)phenyl]-1,3-benzodioxole-5-methanol, 1), a biologically active alkaloid, has been synthesised by a rapid and simple four-step sequence. This synthesis involved a consecutive aryl–aryl and N–aryl coupling, leading to a phenanthridine derivative in a one-pot sequence, which employed a palladium catalyst and trifurylphosphine as the ligand. This synthesis gave an overall yield of 23%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-jing Guo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
| | - Bi-juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, P.R. China
| | - Chen-xu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
| | - Duo-zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
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Stavrakov G, Philipova I, Zheleva D, Atanasova M, Konstantinov S, Doytchinova I. Docking-based Design of Galantamine Derivatives with Dual-site Binding to Acetylcholinesterase. Mol Inform 2016; 35:278-85. [PMID: 27492242 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201600041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme acetylcholinesterase is a key target in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease because of its ability to hydrolyze acetylcholine via the catalytic binding site and to accelerate the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide via the peripheral anionic site (PAS). Using docking-based predictions, in the present study we design 20 novel galantamine derivatives with alkylamide spacers of different length ending with aromatic fragments. The galantamine moiety blocks the catalytic site, while the terminal aromatic fragments bind in PAS. The best predicted compounds are synthesized and tested for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The experimental results confirm the predictions and show that the heptylamide spacer is of optimal length to bridge the galantamine moiety bound in the catalytic site and the aromatic fragments interacting with PAS. Among the tested terminal aromatic fragments, the phenethyl substituent is the most suitable for binding in PAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Stavrakov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Philipova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. 9, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariyana Atanasova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spiro Konstantinov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irini Doytchinova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Abstract
The latest progress on the isolation, identification, biological activity and synthetic studies of the structurally diverse alkaloids from plants of family Amaryllidaceae has been summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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Galantamine derivatives with indole moiety: Docking, design, synthesis and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:5382-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shawky E, Abou-Donia AH, Darwish FA, Toaima SM, Takla SS, Pigni NB, Bastida J. HPTLC and GC/MS Study of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids of TwoNarcissusSpecies. Chem Biodivers 2015; 12:1184-99. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Neuroprotective activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of five Amaryllidaceae species: A comparative study. Life Sci 2015; 122:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Cortes N, Alvarez R, Osorio EH, Alzate F, Berkov S, Osorio E. Alkaloid metabolite profiles by GC/MS and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities with binding-mode predictions of five Amaryllidaceae plants. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 102:222-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cavallaro V, Alza NP, Murray MG, Murray AP. Alkaloids from Habranthus tubispathus and H. jamesonii, two Amaryllidaceae with Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibition Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with memory impairment and cognitive deficit. Most of the drugs currently available for the treatment of AD are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Plants of the Amaryllidaceae family are known to synthesize alkaloids, which have shown AChE inhibitory activity. Habranthus tubispathus and H. jamesonii are two Amaryllidaceae that can be found growing wild to the southwest of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition was observed for the extracts obtained from bulbs of H. tubispathus and bulbs and aerial parts of H. jamesonii. The strongest cholinesterase inhibition was observed for the alkaloid extract obtained from the aerial parts for H. jamesonii (AChE IC50= 0.7 μg/mL; BChE IC50= 6.7 μg/mL). The AChE inhibition observed for H. jamesonii could be explained by the presence of galanthamine and sanguinine, two potent AChE inhibitors. The levels of lycorine and hippeastidine, moderate AChE inhibitors, observed in the bulbs of H. tubispathus could be responsible for the significant AChE inhibition observed. The alkaloids present in these Amaryllidaceae were identified by means of GC-MS analysis. In the case of H. tubispathus, hippeastidine and 3- O-demethylhippeastidine, were isolated and completely characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cavallaro
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Natalia P. Alza
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María G. Murray
- INBIOSUR-CONICET Departamento Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000CPB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ana P. Murray
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Towards a molecular understanding of the biosynthesis of amaryllidaceae alkaloids in support of their expanding medical use. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11713-41. [PMID: 23727937 PMCID: PMC3709753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The alkaloids characteristically produced by the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the Amaryllidaceae, bulbous plant species that include well know genera such as Narcissus (daffodils) and Galanthus (snowdrops), are a source of new pharmaceutical compounds. Presently, only the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, is produced commercially as a drug from cultivated plants. However, several Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have shown great promise as anti-cancer drugs, but their further clinical development is restricted by their limited commercial availability. Amaryllidaceae species have a long history of cultivation and breeding as ornamental bulbs, and phytochemical research has focussed on the diversity in alkaloid content and composition. In contrast to the available pharmacological and phytochemical data, ecological, physiological and molecular aspects of the Amaryllidaceae and their alkaloids are much less explored and the identity of the alkaloid biosynthetic genes is presently unknown. An improved molecular understanding of Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthesis would greatly benefit the rational design of breeding programs to produce cultivars optimised for the production of pharmaceutical compounds and enable biotechnology based approaches.
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