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Sumran G, Jain N, Kumar P, Aggarwal R. Trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls as Versatile Synthons in Synthesis of Heterocycles. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303599. [PMID: 38055226 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoromethyl group relishes a privileged position in the realm of medicinal chemistry because its incorporation into organic molecules often enhances the bioactivity by altering pharmacological profile of molecule. Trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls have emerged as pivotal building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry due to their facile accessibility, stability and remarkable versatility. Owing to presence of nucleophilic and electrophilic sites, they offer multifunctional sites for the reaction. This review covers a meticulous exploration of their multifaceted role, encompassing an in-depth analysis of mechanism, extensive scope, limitations and wide-ranging applications in diverse organic synthesis, covering the literature from the 21st century. This comprehensive review encapsulates the applications of trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls and their synthetic equivalents as precursors of complex and diverse heterocyclic scaffolds, fused heterocycles and spirocyclic compounds having medicinal and material importance. Their potent synthetic utility in cyclocondensation reactions with binucleophiles, cycloaddition reactions, C-C bond formations, asymmetric multicomponent reactions using classical/solvent-free/catalytic synthesis have been presented. Influence of unsymmetrical trifluoromethyl-β-diketones on regioselectivity of transformation is also reviewed. This review will benefit the synthetic and pharmaceutical communities to explore trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls as trifluoromethyl building blocks for fabrication of heterocyclic scaffolds having implementation into drug discovery programs in the imminent future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Sumran
- Department of Chemistry, D. A. V. College (Lahore), Ambala City, 134 003, Haryana, India
| | - Naman Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119, India
| | - Prince Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119, India
| | - Ranjana Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119, India
- CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, New Delhi, 110012, India
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2
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A one-pot approach to novel α-trifluoromethylated coumarin-bearing tertiary alcohols promoted by CH3COOH/NH4OAc via consecutive ring-opening/aldol sequence. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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3
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Synthesis and antifungal activities of novel trifluoroethane derivatives with coumarin, indole and thiophene. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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4
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Melanin Pathway Determination in Sclerotium cepivorum Berk Using Spectrophotometric Assays, Inhibition Compound, and Protein Validation. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotium cepivorum Berk is the etiological agent of white rot disease that affects plants of the genus Allium. This fungus produces resistance structures called sclerotia that are formed by a rolled mycelium with a thick layer of melanin and it can remain dormant for many years in the soil. Current interest in S. cepivorum has arisen from economic losses in Allium crops in the agricultural sector. Melanin is a component that protects the sclerotia from adverse environmental conditions In many organisms, it plays an important role in the infectious process; in S. cepivorum, the pathway by which this component is synthetized is not fully described. By using infrared spectrophotometric assays applied direct to the sclerotia and a melanin extract followed by an NMR analysis and a tricyclazole melanin inhibition experiment, it allowed us to determine the dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin pathway by which S. cepivorum performs its melanin synthesis. Moreover, we focused on studying scytalone dehydratase (SDH) as a key enzyme of the DHN-melanin synthesis. We obtained the recombinant SDH enzyme and tested its activity by a zymogram assay. Thereby, the S. cepivorum melanogenic route was established as a DHN pathway.
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5
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Ghatak A, Pramanik A, Das M. The maiden comprehensive report on emerging trend towards metal free synthesis of biologically potent 2H-Chromenes. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Chen S, Wang H, Lin Q, Weng Z. Synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl chromenes via double carbonyl–ene reaction. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01766g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl chromenes through double carbonyl–ene reaction of o-isopropenylphenols with trifluoroacetic anhydride is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouxiong Chen
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zhiqiang Weng
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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7
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Shi L, Liu Y, Wang C, Yuan X, Liu X, Wu L, Pan Z, Yu Q, Xu C, Yang G. Synthesis of 1-(β-coumarinyl)-1-(β-indolyl)trifluoroethanols through regioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles with β-(trifluoroacetyl)coumarins catalyzed by Sc(OTf) 3. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13929-13935. [PMID: 35498470 PMCID: PMC9051918 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01237h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indole derivatives with β-(trifluoroacetyl)coumarins using Sc(OTf)3 as a catalyst has been developed, which gives regioselective 1,2-adducts to afford 1-(β-coumarinyl)-1-(β-indolyl)trifluoroethanols. A series of tertiary trifluoroethanols containing different indole and coumarin groups were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields (up to 95%) in the presence of 5 mol% catalyst in a short time (only 2 minutes at least). A mechanism of the reaction, in which the trace amount of water plays the role of proton transfer in catalyzing circulation was proposed and confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Shi
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Caixia Wang
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Yuan
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Xiaobiao Liu
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Lulu Wu
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Zhenliang Pan
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Qicheng Yu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Cuilian Xu
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Guoyu Yang
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
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8
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Li D, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Li J, Zhao J, Qu J. Synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl-2-hydroxy-2H-chromenes via cyclization of (Z)-trifluoromethyl alkenyl triflates and salicylaldehydes. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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9
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Yang G, Jin Q, Xu C, Fan S, Wang C, Xie P. Synthesis, characterization and antifungal activity of coumarin-functionalized chitosan derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:179-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Design, synthesis and antifungal activity of novel thioureas containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole and thioether skeleton. Chem Res Chin Univ 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-016-6023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Rao LC, Kumar NS, Meshram HM. An Efficient and ChemoselectiveKnoevenagel/Hemiketalization Process for the Synthesis of New 2H-Chromenes in a One-Pot Three-Component Reaction. Helv Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Microwave-assisted synthesis of chromenes: biological and chemical importance. Future Med Chem 2015; 7:893-909. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromenes constitute chemically important class of heterocyclic compounds having diverse biological and chemical importance. Development of environmentally benign, efficient and economical methods for the synthesis of chromenes remains a significant challenge in synthetic chemistry. The synthesis of chromenes, therefore, has attracted enormous attention from medicinal and organic chemists. Researchers have embraced the concepts of microwave (high speed) synthesis to produce biologically and chemically important chromenes in a time sensitive manner. This review will summarize the recent biological applications such as anticancer, antimicrobial, neurodegenerative and insecticidal activity of new chromenes prepared via microwave irradiation. The development of new methodologies for the synthesis of chromenes including green chemistry processes has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Majumdar
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki,
Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Nanda D. Paul
- Homogeneous
and Supramolecular Catalysis Group, Van ’t Hoff Institute for
Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science
Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sutanuva Mandal
- Homogeneous
and Supramolecular Catalysis Group, Van ’t Hoff Institute for
Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science
Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous
and Supramolecular Catalysis Group, Van ’t Hoff Institute for
Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science
Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William D. Wulff
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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14
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Chandrasekhara Rao L, Satish Kumar N, Jagadeesh Babu N, Mitaram Meshram H. A simple and efficient one-pot synthesis of 2-alkyl/aryl/pyridyl substituted 2H-chromenes. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01377a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol is demonstrated to synthesize medicinally significant new 2-pyridyl/aryl/alkyl substituted 2H-chromenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Chandrasekhara Rao
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Tarnaka
- India
| | - Nandigama Satish Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Tarnaka
- India
| | | | - Harshadas Mitaram Meshram
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Tarnaka
- India
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15
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Padhi B, Reddy DS, Mohapatra DK. Trimethylsilyl Iodide Mediated One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Allyl-2H-chromenes. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Microwave-assisted TsOH/SiO 2 -catalyzed one-pot synthesis of novel fluoro-substituted coumarin hydrazones under solvent-free conditions. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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6-Chloro-2-hydroxy-2-trifluoromethyl-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid (5-allylsulfanyl-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-amide. MOLBANK 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/m830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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18
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Paul ND, Mandal S, Otte M, Cui X, Zhang XP, de Bruin B. Metalloradical approach to 2H-chromenes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:1090-6. [PMID: 24400781 PMCID: PMC3936204 DOI: 10.1021/ja4111336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt(III)-carbene radicals, generated through metalloradical activation of salicyl N-tosylhydrazones by cobalt(II) complexes of porphyrins, readily undergo radical addition to terminal alkynes to produce salicyl-vinyl radical intermediates. Subsequent hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from the hydroxy group of the salicyl moiety to the vinyl radical leads to the formation of 2H-chromenes. The Co(II)-catalyzed process can tolerate various substitution patterns and produces the corresponding 2H-chromene products in good isolated yields. EPR spectroscopy and radical-trapping experiments with TEMPO are in agreement with the proposed radical mechanism. DFT calculations reveal the formation of the salicyl-vinyl radical intermediate by a metalloradical-mediated process. Unexpectedly, subsequent HAT from the hydroxy moiety to the vinyl radical leads to formation of an o-quinone methide intermediate, which dissociates spontaneously from the cobalt center and easily undergoes an endocyclic, sigmatropic ring-closing reaction to form the final 2H-chromene product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanda D. Paul
- Homogeneous Catalysis group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sutanuva Mandal
- Homogeneous Catalysis group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Otte
- Homogeneous Catalysis group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
| | - X. Peter Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous Catalysis group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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