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Computational analysis of natural product B-Raf inhibitors. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 118:108340. [PMID: 36208592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
B-Raf protein is a serine-threonine kinase and an important signal transduction molecule of the MAPK signaling pathway that mediates signals from RAS to MEK, ultimately promoting various essential cellular functions. The B-Raf kinase domain is divided into two subdomains: a small N-terminal lobe and a large C-terminal lobe, with a deep catalytic cleft between them. The N-terminal lobe contains a phosphate-binding loop (P-loop) and nucleotide-binding pocket, while the C-terminal lobe binds the protein substrates and contains the catalytic loop. The ligand pharmacophore was generated by using 17 different natural products and the receptor pharmacophore was generated by using protein structures. The reported natural product B-Raf inhibitors were analyzed according to the pharmacophore analysis (HipHop fit), virtual screening tools by Lipinski's rule of five. Thirteen out of seventeen molecules share the best ligand based pharmacophoric model (HipHop_5). The best receptor based pharmacophoric model came as AADHR. The compounds were docked against the B-Raf receptors (PDB ID: 3OG7, 4XV2, 5C9C). The compound DHSilB with cDOCKER interaction energy of -62.7 kcal/mol, -83.3 kcal/mol, -73.6 kcal/mol as well as the compound DHSilA with cDOCKER interaction energy of -63.9 kcal/mol, -63.2 kcal/mol, -74.7 kcal/mol showed satisfactory interaction with the respective receptors. Finally, the MD simulation was run for 100 ns for the top docked compounds DHSilA and DHSilB with the B-Raf proteins (PDB ID: 3OG7, 4XV2 and 5C9C). After the MD simulation run for 100 ns, the ligand 2,3-dehydrosilybin A (DHSilA) was found to be more stable in terms of the trajectories of RMSD, RMSF, Rg and H-bonds.
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Wu Z, Dai X, Wang W, Zhang X, Chen J, Liu J, Huang L, Li Y, Zhang S, Wang G, Zhang Y. Polyprenylated Benzophenones and Tocotrienol Derivatives from the Edible Fruits of Garcinia oblongifolia Champ. ex Benth. and Their Cytotoxicity Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10506-10520. [PMID: 35997267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The fruits of Garcinia oblongifolia Champ. ex Benth. were famous as an edible fruit in tropical regions of China. Because of its unique taste and great nutritional value, the ripe fresh fruits of G. oblongifolia could be eaten directly or used as raw materials for natural beverages and food supplements. In this work, six new polyprenylated benzophenones (1-6) and one new dimeric tocotrienol derivative (7), together with 18 known ones (8-25), were isolated from the fruits of G. oblongifolia. Compounds 1-4 were peculiar polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) featuring the rare carbon skeleton of a bicyclo[3.4.1]decane-1,3-diketone. Moreover, all isolates (1-25) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity activities against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines (CNE1 and CNE2). Among these isolates, compound 6 exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity activity on CNE1 and CNE2 cells with the IC50 values of 7.8 ± 0.2 and 9.1 ± 0.3 μM, respectively. Further mechanistic investigation demonstrated that 6 could induce mitophagy to promote Caspase-9/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis through triggering ROS in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongnan Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Dai
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Wenzhi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
| | - Xianfang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
| | - Laiqiang Huang
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Yaolan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
| | - Shuixing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
| | - Guocai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, P. R. China
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3
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Li T, Zheng Y, Li T, Guo M, Wu X, Liu R, Liu Q, You X, Zeng W, Lv Y. Potential dual protective effects of melatonin on spermatogonia against hexavalent chromium. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 111:92-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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4
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Sun J, Gao J, Wang L, Wang J. Griffipavixanthone Enhances Chemosensitivity to Cisplatin in Human Non-Small Lung Cancer A549 and H157 Cells. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1521.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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5
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Phang YL, Liu S, Zheng C, Xu H. Recent advances in the synthesis of natural products containing the phloroglucinol motif. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1766-1802. [PMID: 35762867 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Covering: June 2009 to 2021Natural products containing a phloroglucinol motif include simple and oligomeric phloroglucinols, polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols, phloroglucinol-terpenes, xanthones, flavonoids, and coumarins. These compounds represent a major class of secondary metabolites which exhibit a wide range of biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic properties. A number of these compounds have been authorized for therapeutic use or are currently being studied in clinical trials. Their structural diversity and utility in both traditional and conventional medicine have made them popular synthetic targets over the years. In this review, we compile and summarise the recent synthetic approaches to the natural products bearing a phloroglucinol motif. Focus has been given on ingenious strategies to functionalize the phloroglucinol moiety at multiple positions. The isolation and bioactivities of the compounds are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Lin Phang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Song Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Bui DN, Nguyen LTT, Nguyen LTT, Ngo NTN, Tran PT, Nguyen HT, Dang LTN, Nguyen LHD, Trinh BTD. Two new antidiabetic xanthones from the twigs of Garcinia oblongifolia. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35337215 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2055016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two new xanthones, oblongixanthones I (1) and J (2), and seven known compounds (3-9), were isolated from an EtOAc extract of the twigs of Garcinia oblongifolia. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, mainly 1 D and 2 D NMR. The antidiabetic effects of the two new compounds were evaluated using α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibition assays. Both compounds displayed strong inhibition towards α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 258.7 ± 49.3 and 187.1 ± 27.5 μM, respectively (compared with acarbose, IC50 = 900.0 ± 3.0 μM) and moderate effects against PTP1B with IC50 values of 93.9 ± 12.3 and 64.1 ± 5.8 μM, respectively (compared with RK682, IC50 = 4.4 ± 0.3 l μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzung N Bui
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ly T T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le-Thu T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc T N Ngo
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong T Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hieu T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Linh T N Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lien-Hoa D Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh T D Trinh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Guo Y, Zhao Q, Tian Y, Liu Y, Yan Z, Xue C, Wang J. Study on the effects of the different polar group of EPA-enriched phospholipids on the proliferation and apoptosis in 95D cells. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:519-528. [PMID: 37073266 PMCID: PMC10077167 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-021-00097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
EPA-enriched phosphatidylcholine (EPA-PC) and EPA-enriched phosphatidylethanolamine (EPA-PE) are newly identified marine phospholipids. The polar group of phospholipids is known to influence EPA-phospholipid activity. However, the differences in anti-tumor effects between EPA-PC and EPA-PE have not been reported. In this study, we evaluated the effects of two forms of EPA on the proliferation and apoptosis in the lung-cancer cell line 95D as well as possible molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that EPA-PC effectively inhibited proliferative activity and promoted apoptosis of 95D cells in a dose-dependent manner, while EPA-PE had no effect on cell proliferation, although it slightly promoted apoptosis. Western blot results showed that EPA-PC and EPA-PE upregulated the expression of PPARγ, RXRα, and PTEN, and downregulated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, EPA-PC and EPA-PE induced the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene, Bax, and reduced the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-xl. Additionally, EPA-PC and EPA-PE promoted the release of cytochrome c and activated the apoptotic enzyme-cleaved caspase-3. These data suggest that the anti-tumor effect of EPA-phospholipids may be exerted via a PPARγ-related mechanism. EPA-PC was more efficacious as compared to EPA-PE, which might be due to the different polar groups of phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Qin Zhao
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025 China
| | - Yingying Tian
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266061 China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Ziyi Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237 China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
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8
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Antioxidant Nature Adds Further Therapeutic Value: An Updated Review on Natural Xanthones and Their Glycosides. DIGITAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Smith MJ, Reichl KD, Escobar RA, Heavey TJ, Coker DF, Schaus SE, Porco JA. Asymmetric Synthesis of Griffipavixanthone Employing a Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Cycloaddition. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:148-153. [PMID: 30566336 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric synthesis of the biologically active xanthone dimer griffipavixanthone is reported along with its absolute stereochemistry determination. Synthesis of the natural product is accomplished via dimerization of a p-quinone methide using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst to afford a protected precursor in excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity. Mechanistic studies, including an unbiased computational investigation of chiral ion-pairs using parallel tempering, were performed in order to probe the mode of asymmetric induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Kyle D Reichl
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Randolph A Escobar
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Thomas J Heavey
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - David F Coker
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Scott E Schaus
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
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10
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Griffipavixanthone induces apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro. Breast Cancer 2018; 26:190-197. [PMID: 30259331 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-018-0912-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Griffipavixanthone (GPX) is a compound extracted from Garcinia oblongifolia Champ. But, no research has yet been done about the effect of GPX on breast cancer. METHODS We evaluated the proliferation of human breast cancer cells by CCK-8 assay and apoptosis by Annexin V (AV)-FITC and PI double staining. We used transwell assay to indicate the invasion and migration of MCF-7. To explore the molecular mechanism of GPX, we detected the mRNA and protein expression using qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS In this study, we evaluated if GPX could inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 and T-47D with IC50 value of 9.64 ± 0.12 µM and 10.2 1 ± 0.38 µM at 48 h. And the IC50 value of MCF-10A is 32.11 ± 0.21 µM, which showed GPX had a tiny side effect for normal breast cells. Annexin V (AV)-FITC and PI double staining demonstrated firmly the apoptosis of MCF-7 resulting from GPX. Transwell assay indicated that GPX inhibited the invasion and migration of MCF-7. In addition, we found GPX cleaved caspase-8/9 and PARP, which play important roles in apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, through the Western blot assay, GPX increased the level of pro-apoptosis protein Bax and cytochrome C. On the contrary, GPX decreased the level of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2. Moreover, GPX increased the mRNA and protein expression level of p53 and its target genes, which indicated that GPX induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis by up-regulating p53 and Bax expression while suppressing Bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSION All the results showed that GPX induces MCF-7 cell apoptosis and could be considered as a potential drug for breast cancer.
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Contribution of reactive oxygen species to the anticancer activity of aminoalkanol derivatives of xanthone. Invest New Drugs 2017; 36:355-369. [PMID: 29116476 PMCID: PMC5948269 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critically involved in the action of anticancer agents. In this study, we investigated the role of ROS in the anticancer mechanism of new aminoalkanol derivatives of xanthone. Most xanthones used in the study displayed significant pro-oxidant effects similar to those of gambogic acid, one of the most active anticancer xanthones. The pro-oxidant activity of our xanthones was shown both directly (by determination of ROS induction, effects on the levels of intracellular antioxidants, and expression of antioxidant enzymes) and indirectly by demonstrating that the overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase decreases ROS-mediated cell senescence. We also observed that mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular apoptosis enhancement correlated with xanthone-induced oxidative stress. Finally, we showed that the use of the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine partly reversed these effects of aminoalkanol xanthones. Our results demonstrated that novel aminoalkanol xanthones mediated their anticancer activity primarily through ROS elevation and enhanced oxidative stress, which led to mitochondrial cell death stimulation; this mechanism was similar to the activity of gambogic acid.
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Reichl KD, Smith MJ, Song MK, Johnson RP, Porco JA. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of (±)-Griffipavixanthone via a Cationic Cycloaddition-Cyclization Cascade. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14053-14056. [PMID: 28942643 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the concise, biomimetic total synthesis of the dimeric, Diels-Alder natural product griffipavixanthone from a readily accessible prenylated xanthone monomer. The key step utilizes a novel intermolecular [4+2] cycloaddition-cyclization cascade between a vinyl p-quinone methide and an in situ generated isomeric diene promoted by either Lewis or Brønsted acids. Experimental and computational studies of the reaction pathway suggest that a stepwise, cationic Diels-Alder cycloaddition is operative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Reichl
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Michael J Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Min K Song
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire , Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Richard P Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire , Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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Ying J, Xu J, Shen L, Mao Z, Liang J, Lin S, Yu X, Pan R, Yan C, Li S, Bao Q, Li P. The Effect of Sodium Fluoride on Cell Apoptosis and the Mechanism of Human Lung BEAS-2B Cells In Vitro. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 179:59-69. [PMID: 28111709 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is a source of fluoride ions used in many applications. Previous studies found that NaF suppressed the proliferation of osteoblast MC3T3 E1 cells and induced the apoptosis of chondrocytes. However, little is known about the effects of NaF on human lung BEAS-2B cells. Therefore, we investigated the mode of cell death induced by NaF and its underlying molecular mechanisms. BEAS-2B cells were treated with NaF at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mmol/L. Cell viability decreased and apoptotic cells significantly increased as concentrations of NaF increased over specific periods of time. The IC50 of NaF was 1.9 and 0.9 mM after 24 and 48 h, respectively. The rates of apoptosis increased from 4.8 to 37.7% after NaF exposure. HE staining, electron microscopy, and single cell gel electrophoresis revealed that morphological changes of apoptosis increased with exposure concentrations. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the apoptotic pathways. The expressions of bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, p53, and the cytoplasmic CytC of the NaF groups increased, while bcl-2 and mitochondrial CytC decreased compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05). Further, the fluorescence intensities of ROS in the NaF groups were higher than those in the control group, and the membrane potential of mitochondria in the NaF group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that NaF induced apoptosis in the BEAS-2B cells through mitochondria-mediated signal pathways. Our study provides the theoretical foundation and experimental basis for exploring the mechanisms of human lung epithelial cell damage and cytotoxicity induced by fluorine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ying
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liping Shen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhijie Mao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jingchen Liang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shuangxiang Lin
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xinyan Yu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | | | - Chunxia Yan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Shengbin Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Qiyu Bao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Peizhen Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
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14
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Deng Y, Li Y, Yang F, Zeng A, Yang S, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Ye T, Xia Y, Yin W. The extract from Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel induces apoptosis and impairs metastasis in prostate cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:976-984. [PMID: 28724216 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a big threat to male for its poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Natural compounds are important resources of many anticancer drugs. Pomegranate is a kind of antioxidant-rich fruit and its peel and seed has potential anticancer activities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PoPx) on the apoptosis and metastasis of prostate cancer cells and the related mechanism. We found that PoPx showed growth inhibition on prostate cancer cells. Nuclei morphological and flow cytometer (FCM) analysis indicated that PoPx could induce prostate cancer apoptosis. Further investigation indicated that mitochondrial mediated intrinsic pathway is involved in the apoptosis. Exposure to PoPx led to loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δym), accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blot analysis showed that PoPx could increase the expression ratio of Bax/Bcl2 and activation of apoptosis executor caspase 3. Wound healing assay and transwell migration and invasion assay implied that PoPx has the potential to inhibit migration and invasion, two critical steps in prostate cancer metastasis. Downregulation of MMP2/MMP9 and upregulation of TIMP2 showed accordance with the inhibition of migration and invasion. In summary, the present data showed that PoPx could be a promising drug candidate to treat prostate cancer, showing us a better way to develop novel drugs from natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanle Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 17# 3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yali Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 17# 3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Fangfang Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Shuping Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yongmei Xie
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17# 3rd Section, R en Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China.
| | - Wenya Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 17# 3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, 610041 Chengdu, China.
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15
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Pan R, Lu R, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Zhu W, Yang R, Zhang E, Ying J, Xu T, Yi H, Li J, Shi M, Zhou L, Xu Z, Li P, Bao Q. Spirulina phycocyanin induces differential protein expression and apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:951-9. [PMID: 26410814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the effects of phycocyanin (PC) on Human ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The inhibitory effects of PC on the cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay. The IC50 values of PC were 182.0μM and 133.6μM for 24h and 48h exposure, respectively. PC induced apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells was observed by electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The apoptosis rate was increased from 1.6% to 19.8% after PC exposure. The fluorescence intensity of ROS and the activities of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 were increased. Differentiated expression protein spots were selected and identified using proteomic techniques. There were 698±73 and 683±79 protein spots resolved in untreated and PC-treated cells, respectively. Forty five differential protein spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS, including mtSSB, PSME3, and nucleolin. The mRNA expression profiles determined by RT-PCR were consistent with that of the two-dimensional electrophoresis. The decreased proteins such as HSP60, nucleolin, PPase, peroxiredoxin-4 and the increased protein (mtSSB) were identified in SKOV-3 cells after PC treatment, indicating that the effects of PC on tumor cell apoptosis may be relate to multiple target proteins. And the mitochondrial pathway may be the main pathway for PC-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rongmao Lu
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-Resource, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Rongrong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | | | - Jun Ying
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Teng Xu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huiguang Yi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mengru Shi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zuyuan Xu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peizhen Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Qiyu Bao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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16
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Vanajothi R, Srinivasan P. Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of bioactive compound from aerial parts of Luffa acutangula against lung cancer cell line NCI-H460. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2014; 35:295-302. [PMID: 25390210 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2014.977451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Luffa acutangula (Cucurbitaceae) is widely used as a traditional medicine in India and was reported to possess various pharmacological activities including its anti-proliferative effects. In this study, the bioactive compound of ethanolic extract of L. acutangula (LA) was isolated using bioassay-guided approach. Five major fractions were collected and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity against non-small cell lung cancer cells (NCI-H460). Among the test fractions, the fraction LA/FII effectively decreased the growth of cancer cells with IC50 values of 10 µg/ml concentration. Furthermore, it significantly increased intracellular reactive oxygen species and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. The apoptogenic activity of fraction LA/FII was confirmed by cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing and formation of apoptotic bodies. A single bioactive compound was isolated from the active faction, LA/FII and subsequently identified as 1,8 dihydroxy-4-methylanthracene 9,10-dione (compound 1) by comparing its spectral data [Ultraviolet (UV), Infrared (IR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectroscopy (ESI-MS)] with literature values. This is the first report on the isolation of compound 1 from this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramar Vanajothi
- a Department of Bioinformatics , Alagappa University , Karaikudi , Tamilnadu , India
| | - Pappu Srinivasan
- a Department of Bioinformatics , Alagappa University , Karaikudi , Tamilnadu , India
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