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Hlabangwane K, Matshitse R, Managa M, Nyokong T. The application of Sn(IV)Cl 2 and In(III)Cl porphyrin-dyed TiO 2 nanofibers in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy for bacterial inactivation in water. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103795. [PMID: 37696319 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization has reported that antimicrobial resistance is one of the top 10 health threats that humanity faces today. Due to this, alternative therapies to the common antimicrobials are being explored and among these is photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy, where a combination of light, a photosensitizer and reactive oxygen species can be used to target microbial cells. In this research, free base, tin (IV) and indium (III) tetramethoxyporphyrins photosensitizers are adsorbed onto inorganic titanium dioxide nanofibers in an effort to create reusable fibers that are effective against Staphylococcus aureus. The photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy studies indicate that the metalloporphyrin adsorbed nanofibers exhibit good photodynamic antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus where the Cl2Sn(IV) tetramethoxyporphyrin dyed TiO2 exhibited 100% bacterial inhibition after a 30 min irradiation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamogelo Hlabangwane
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Refilwe Matshitse
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Muthumuni Managa
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), Florida Campus, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
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2
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Birdeanu M, Fratilescu I, Epuran C, Mocanu L, Ianasi C, Lascu A, Fagadar-Cosma E. Nanomaterials Based on Collaboration with Multiple Partners: Zn 3Nb 2O 8 Doped with Eu 3+ and/or Amino Substituted Porphyrin Incorporated in Silica Matrices for the Discoloration of Methyl Red. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108920. [PMID: 37240266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Designing appropriate materials destined for the removal of dyes from waste waters represents a great challenge for achieving a sustainable society. Three partnerships were set up to obtain novel adsorbents with tailored optoelectronic properties using silica matrices, Zn3Nb2O8 oxide doped with Eu3+, and a symmetrical amino-substituted porphyrin. The pseudo-binary oxide with the formula Zn3Nb2O8 was obtained by the solid-state method. The doping of Zn3Nb2O8 with Eu3+ ions was intended in order to amplify the optical properties of the mixed oxide that are highly influenced by the coordination environment of Eu3+ ions, as confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The first proposed silica material, based solely on tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) with high specific surface areas of 518-726 m2/g, offered better performance as an adsorbent than the second one, which also contained 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMOS). The contribution of amino-substituted porphyrin incorporated into silica matrices resides both in providing anchoring groups for the methyl red dye and in increasing the optical properties of the whole nanomaterial. Two different types of methyl red adsorption mechanisms can be reported: one based on surface absorbance and one based on the dye entering the pores of the adsorbents due to their open groove shape network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Birdeanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Plautius Andronescu Street 1, 300224 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ion Fratilescu
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Epuran
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Liviu Mocanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Plautius Andronescu Street 1, 300224 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Catalin Ianasi
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Lascu
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Eugenia Fagadar-Cosma
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
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Spencer M, Sacchi M, Allam J, Silva SRP. Porphyrin-Nanocarbon Complexes to Control the Photodegradation of Rhodamine. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41304-41313. [PMID: 36406570 PMCID: PMC9670295 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrin-nanocarbon systems were used to generate a photocatalyst for the control of rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G photodegradation. Carboxylic functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (o-MWCNTs) were decorated by two different porphyrin moieties: 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-(triphenyl)porphyrin (a-TPP) with an amine linker and 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-(triphenyl)porphyrin (c-TPP) with a carboxyl linker to the o-MWCNT, respectively, with their photocatalyst performances investigated. The optical properties of the mixed nanocomposite materials were investigated to reveal the intrinsic energy levels and mechanisms of degradation. The charge-transfer states of the o-MWCNTs were directly correlated with the performance of the complexes as well as the affinity of the porphyrin moiety to the o-MWCNT anchor, thus extending our understanding of energy-transfer kinetics in porphyrin-CNT systems. Both a-TPP and c-TPP o-MWCNT complexes offered improved photocatalytic performance for both RhB and Rh6G compared to the reference o-MWCNTs and both porphyrins in isolated form. The photocatalytic performance improved with higher concentration of o-MWCNTs in the complexed sample, indicating the presence of greater numbers of -H/-OH groups necessary to more efficient photodegradation. The large presence of the -H/-OH group in the complexes was expected and was related to the functionalization of the o-MWCNTs needed for high porphyrin attachment. However, the photocatalytic efficiency was affected at higher o-MWCNT concentrations due to the decomposition of the porphyrins and changes to the size of the CNT agglomerates, thus reducing the surface area of the reactant. These findings demonstrate a system that displays solar-based degradation of rhodamine moieties that are on par, or an improvement to, state-of-the-art organic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
George Spencer
- Quantum
Biology Doctoral Training Centre, University
of Surrey, GuildfordGU2 7XH, U.K.
- Advanced
Technology Institute, University of Surrey, GuildfordGU2 7XH, U.K.
| | - Marco Sacchi
- Quantum
Biology Doctoral Training Centre, University
of Surrey, GuildfordGU2 7XH, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Surrey, GuildfordGU2 7XH, U.K.
| | - Jeremy Allam
- Advanced
Technology Institute, University of Surrey, GuildfordGU2 7XH, U.K.
| | - S. R. P. Silva
- Advanced
Technology Institute, University of Surrey, GuildfordGU2 7XH, U.K.
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Magaela NB, Makola LC, Managa M, Nyokong T. Photodynamic activity of novel cationic porphyrins conjugated to graphene quantum dots against Staphylococcus aureus. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424622500316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel 5-(pyridyl)-10-15-20-tris(4-bromophenyl) porphyrin (complex 1), indium metal derivative (complex 2), and quaternized derivative (complex 3) were synthesized and conjugated to graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The conjugation of the porphyrins to GQDs was through [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] stacking. Herein, the [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] stacking approach was used to avoid covalent conjugation which might compromise the intrinsic chemical and physical properties. The photodynamic activities of the proposed nanomaterials were assessed towards Staphylococcus aureus cell obliteration. The photophysical properties of the prepared complexes were also studied prior to the application. Moreover, a decrease in fluorescence lifetimes was observed upon metalation of complex 1. As anticipated, singlet oxygen quantum yield ([Formula: see text] increased notably upon heavy metal (indium) insertion and upon composite formation. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy comparative studies were done on quaternized and unquaternized indium porphyrins conjugated to GQDs. Complex 3-GQDs exhibited the highest antibacterial activities compared to other complexes, and this was attributed to the high [Formula: see text] which plays an imperative role in photodynamic therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Bridged Magaela
- Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Lekgowa C. Makola
- Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Muthumuni Managa
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), Florida Campus, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
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Magaela NB, Matshitse R, Babu B, Managa M, Prinsloo E, Nyokong T. Sn(IV) porphyrin-biotin decorated nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots nanohybrids for photodynamic therapy. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jin Y, Zhou Q, Geng J, Meng Q, Wei Z, Ding M, Zhou J, Zeng Y, Cao W, Liu F, Yu Y. Sonodynamic Effects of a Novel Ether-Group Modified Porphyrin Derivative Combined With Pulsed Low-Intensity Ultrasound on PC-9 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:792360. [PMID: 34938196 PMCID: PMC8685451 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.792360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a developing modality for cancer treatment based on the synergistic effect of ultrasound and chemical compounds which are known as sonosensitizers. The development of more efficient sonosensitizers has become an urgent issue in this field. In this study, a novel porphyrin derivative (BBTPP) mediated SDT was evaluated on PC-9 cells. Pulsed low-intensity ultrasound (PLIU) was used for its little thermal and mechanical damage. The accumulation of drugs in cells was evaluated through porphyrin fluorescence, and the cytotoxicity of BBTPP was evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 assay. The sonodynamic effect was investigated by Hoechst 33342/PI and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, which showed an apoptotic rate of 18.87% in the BBTPP-SDT group, as compared with 1.71%, 1.4%, 1.57%, 3.61%, 11.18% in the control, BBTPP, hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME), ultrasound, and HMME-SDT groups, respectively. The sono-toxic effect of BBTPP was significantly superior to HMME. Our results showed that BBTPP-SDT resulted in much higher intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels which were evaluated by 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) and Liperfluo assay, respectively. The expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-8, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins were evaluated to investigate the apoptotic mechanism of BBTPP-SDT. The results of this study showed that the combination of BBTPP and PLIU induced the generation of ROS, resulting in lipid peroxidation, and activated both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways of PC-9 cells. Our results also suggested that the ether group introduced in the side chain of porphyrin could enhance the sono-toxicity of porphyrin-based sensitizers under the sonication of PLIU. These results supported the possibility of BBTPP as a promising sonosensitizer, and an appropriate side chain could enhance the sono-sensitivity of porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shang Hai, China
| | - Jianxiong Geng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zixin Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Meijuan Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Department of Mathematics, The Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute and School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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7
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Surface modification, adsorption behavior, and optical properties of α-Fe2O3@SiO2/Au core-shell ellipsoids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Eguchi M, Nugraha AS, Rowan AE, Shapter J, Yamauchi Y. Adsorchromism: Molecular Nanoarchitectonics at 2D Nanosheets-Old Chemistry for Advanced Chromism. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100539. [PMID: 34306979 PMCID: PMC8292911 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chromism induced by changes in the electronic states of dye molecules due to surface adsorption is termed "adsorchromism" in this article. These changes of molecular electronic states are induced by protonation, aggregation, intramolecular structural changes, and other processes, depending on the surface environment. Intramolecular structural changes, such as co-planarization and decreased molecular motion are the most characteristic and interesting behavior of dye molecules at the surfaces, resulting in spectral shift and/or emission enhancement. In this review, adsorchromism at the surfaces of layered materials are summarized since their flexibility of interlayer distance, surface flatness, and transparency is suitable for a detailed observation. By understanding the relationship between adsorchromism and the electronic states of molecules on the surfaces, it will be possible to induce some desired functions which can be realized simply by adsorption, instead of complicated organic syntheses. Thus, adsorchromism has potential applications such as effective solar energy harvesting systems, or biological/chemical sensors to visualize environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miharu Eguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI‐MANA)National Institute for Materials Science1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
- JST‐ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space‐Tectonics ProjectNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
| | - Asep Sugih Nugraha
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Alan E. Rowan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Joe Shapter
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
- JST‐ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space‐Tectonics ProjectNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
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9
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Yan YJ, Wang BW, Yang CM, Wu CY, Ou-Yang M. Autofluorescence Detection Method for Dental Plaque Bacteria Detection and Classification: Example of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Streptococcus mutans. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:74. [PMID: 34206671 PMCID: PMC8303189 DOI: 10.3390/dj9070074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of fluorescence spectroscopy for plaque detection is a fast and effective way to monitor oral health. At present, there is no uniform specification for the design of the excitation light source of related products for generating fluorescence. To carry out experiments on dental plaque, the fluorescence spectra of three different bacterial species (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Streptococcus mutans) were measured by hyperspectral imaging microscopy (HIM). Three critical issues were found in the experiments. One issue was the unwanted spectrum generated from a mercury line source; two four-order low-pass filters were evaluated for eliminating the unwanted spectrum and meet the experimental requirements. The second issue was the red fluorescence generated from the microscope slide made of borosilicate glass; this could affect the observation of the red fluorescence from the bacteria; quartz microscope slides were found to reduce the fluorescence intensity by about 2 dB compared with the borosilicate slide. The third issue of photobleaching in the fluorescence of the Porphyromonas gingivalis was studied. This study proposes a method of classifying three bacteria based on the spectral intensity ratios (510/635 and 500/635 nm) under the 405 nm excitation light was proposed in this study. The sensitivity and specificity of the classification were approximately 99% and 99%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Jhe Yan
- Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Bo-Wen Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Man Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, No. 25 Ln. 442 Jingguo Road, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan;
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Biochemical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Wu
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Linong Street, Taipei City 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Mang Ou-Yang
- Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan;
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Patel N, Swavey S, Robinson J. A Cationic Porphyrin, ZnPor, Disassembles Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Matrix, Kills Cells Directly, and Enhances Antibiotic Activity of Tobramycin. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E875. [PMID: 33291344 PMCID: PMC7762324 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest threats to human health is the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) is an "opportunistic" pathogen known to cause life-threatening infections in immunocompromised individuals and is the most common pathogen in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). We report here a cationic zinc (II) porphyrin, ZnPor, that effectively kills planktonic and biofilm-associated cells of PsA. In standard tests against 16-18 h-old biofilms, concentrations as low as 16 µg/mL resulted in the extensive disruption and detachment of the matrix. The pre-treatment of biofilms for 30 min with ZnPor at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels (4 µg/mL) substantially enhanced the ability of tobramycin (Tobra) to kill biofilm-associated cells. We demonstrate the rapid uptake and accumulation of ZnPor in planktonic cells even in dedicated heme-uptake system mutants (ΔPhu, ΔHas, and the double mutant). Furthermore, uptake was unaffected by the ionophore carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazine (CCCP). Cells pre-exposed to ZnPor took up the cell-impermeant dye SYTOXTM Green in a concentration-dependent manner. The accumulation of ZnPor did not result in cell lysis, nor did the cells develop resistance. Taken together, these properties make ZnPor a promising candidate for treating multi-drug-resistant infections, including persistent, antibiotic-resistant biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Patel
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA;
| | - Shawn Swavey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA;
| | - Jayne Robinson
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA;
- Integrated Science and Engineering Center, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
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Evans CL, Hermsmeier M, Yamamoto A, Chan KF. Visualizing topical drug uptake with conventional fluorescence microscopy and deep learning. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:6864-6880. [PMID: 33408967 PMCID: PMC7747892 DOI: 10.1364/boe.405502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Mapping the uptake of topical drugs and quantifying dermal pharmacokinetics (PK) presents numerous challenges. Though high resolution and high precision methods such as mass spectrometry offer the means to quantify drug concentration in tissue, these tools are complex and often expensive, limiting their use in routine experiments. For the many topical drugs that are naturally fluorescent, tracking fluorescence emission can be a means to gather critical PK parameters. However, skin autofluorescence can often overwhelm drug fluorescence signatures. Here we demonstrate the combination of standard epi-fluorescence imaging with deep learning for the visualization and quantification of fluorescent drugs in human skin. By training a U-Net convolutional neural network on a dataset of annotated images, drug uptake from both high "infinite" dose and daily clinical dose regimens can be measured and quantified. This approach has the potential to simplify routine topical product development in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor L. Evans
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston 02114, USA
| | | | - Akira Yamamoto
- BioPharmX, Inc., 115 Nicholson Ln, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | - Kin F. Chan
- BioPharmX, Inc., 115 Nicholson Ln, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
- Currently at Simpson Interventions, Inc., Woodside, CA 94062, USA
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12
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Enhancement of photodynamic antimicrobialtherapy through the use of cationic indium porphyrin conjugated to Ag/CuFe2O4 nanoparticles. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101736. [PMID: 32171876 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Montaseri H, Kruger CA, Abrahamse H. Recent Advances in Porphyrin-Based Inorganic Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3358. [PMID: 32397477 PMCID: PMC7247422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of porphyrins and their derivatives have been investigated extensively over the past years for phototherapy cancer treatment. Phototherapeutic Porphyrins have the ability to generate high levels of reactive oxygen with a low dark toxicity and these properties have made them robust photosensitizing agents. In recent years, Porphyrins have been combined with various nanomaterials in order to improve their bio-distribution. These combinations allow for nanoparticles to enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT) cancer treatment and adding additional nanotheranostics (photothermal therapy-PTT) as well as enhance photodiagnosis (PDD) to the reaction. This review examines various porphyrin-based inorganic nanoparticles developed for phototherapy nanotheranostic cancer treatment over the last three years (2017 to 2020). Furthermore, current challenges in the development and future perspectives of porphyrin-based nanomedicines for cancer treatment are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; (H.M.); (C.A.K.)
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14
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Hibbard HA, Burnley MJ, Rubin HN, Miera JA, Reynolds MM. Porphyrin-based metal-organic framework and polyvinylchloride composites for fluorescence sensing of divalent cadmium ions in water. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Konwar A, Deb A, Kar A, Chowdhury D. Dual emission carbon dots from carotenoids: Converting a single emission to dual emission. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 34:790-795. [PMID: 31397062 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dual emission carbon dots have a high potential for use as fluorescence-based sensors with higher selectivity and sensitivity. This study demonstrated the possibility of conversion of a biological molecular system with a single emission peak to a double emission carbon dots system. This report is the first to describe the synthesis of dual emission carbon dots by tuning the electronic environment of a conjugated system. Here we prepared carbon dots from a natural extract, from which carotenoids were used as a new source for carbon dots. Formation of the carbon dots was confirmed by images obtained under a transmission electron microscope as well as from a dynamic light scattering study. The prepared carbon dots system was characterized and its optical property was monitored. The study showed that, after irradiation with microwaves, the fluorescence intensity of the whole system changed, without any change in the original peak position of the carotenoid but with the appearance of an additional peak. A Fourier transform infrared study confirmed breaking of the conjugated system. When using ethylene glycol as a surface passivating agent added to these carotenoid carbon dots, the dual emission spectra became more distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achyut Konwar
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati, India
| | - Ankita Deb
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati, India
| | - Archita Kar
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati, India
| | - Devasish Chowdhury
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati, India
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16
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Castro KADF, Moura NMM, Figueira F, Ferreira RI, Simões MMQ, Cavaleiro JAS, Faustino MAF, Silvestre AJD, Freire CSR, Tomé JPC, Nakagaki S, Almeida A, Neves MGPMS. New Materials Based on Cationic Porphyrins Conjugated to Chitosan or Titanium Dioxide: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2522. [PMID: 31121942 PMCID: PMC6566955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-functionalization of 5,10,15-tris(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-20-(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin tri-iodide, known as a highly efficient photosensitizer (PS) for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), in the presence of 3- or 4-mercaptobenzoic acid, afforded two new tricationic porphyrins with adequate carboxylic pending groups to be immobilized on chitosan or titanium oxide. The structural characterization of the newly obtained materials confirmed the success of the porphyrin immobilization on the solid supports. The photophysical properties and the antimicrobial photodynamic efficacy of the non-immobilized porphyrins and of the new conjugates were evaluated. The results showed that the position of the carboxyl group in the mercapto units or the absence of these substituents in the porphyrin core could modulate the action of the photosensitizer towards the bioluminescent Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacterium. The antimicrobial activity was also influenced by the interaction between the photosensitizer and the type of support (chitosan or titanium dioxide). The new cationic porphyrins and some of the materials were shown to be very stable in PBS and effective in the photoinactivation of E. coli bacterium. The physicochemical properties of TiO2 allowed the interaction of the PS with its surface, increasing the absorption profile of TiO2, which enables the use of visible light, inactivating the bacteria more efficiently than the corresponding PS immobilized on chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A D F Castro
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Nuno M M Moura
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Flávio Figueira
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Rosalina I Ferreira
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Mário M Q Simões
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - José A S Cavaleiro
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Amparo F Faustino
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | | | - Carmen S R Freire
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João P C Tomé
- CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, n1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Shirley Nakagaki
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Catálise, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-990, Brasil.
| | - A Almeida
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Graça P M S Neves
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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17
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Avudaiappan G, Anjaly Jacob K, Theresa LV, Shebitha A, Hiba K, Shenoi PK, Unnikrishnan V, Sreekumar K. A novel dendritic polymer based turn- off fluorescence sensor for the selective detection of cyanide ion in aqueous medium. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Foletto P, Correa F, Dornelles L, A Iglesias B, H da Silveira C, A Nogara P, T da Rocha JB, F Faustino MA, D Rodrigues OE. A New Protocol for the Synthesis of New Thioaryl-Porphyrins Derived from 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin: Photophysical Evaluation and DNA-Binding Interactive Studies. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102588. [PMID: 30308960 PMCID: PMC6222446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new protocol for the preparation of thioaryl-porphyrins is described. The compounds were prepared from different disulfides employing NaBH4 as a reducing agent. The methodology allowed the preparation of four different thioaryl-porphyrins in very-good to excellent yields under soft conditions, such as short reaction times and smooth heating. Additionally, the photophysical properties of new compounds were determined and experimental and theoretical DNA interactions were assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Foletto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Fabiula Correa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Luciano Dornelles
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Bernardo A Iglesias
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Materiais Porfirínicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria⁻UFSM, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Carolina H da Silveira
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Materiais Porfirínicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria⁻UFSM, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Pablo A Nogara
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Univerisidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - João B T da Rocha
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Univerisidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Maria A F Faustino
- QOPNA and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Oscar E D Rodrigues
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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19
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Chlorophyll a Covalently Bonded to Organo-Modified Translucent Silica Xerogels: Optimizing Fluorescence and Maximum Loading. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070961. [PMID: 27455223 PMCID: PMC6273260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorophyll is a pyrrolic pigment with important optical properties, which is the reason it has been studied for many years. Recently, interest has been rising with respect to this molecule because of its outstanding physicochemical properties, particularly applicable to the design and development of luminescent materials, hybrid sensor systems, and photodynamic therapy devices for the treatment of cancer cells and bacteria. More recently, our research group has been finding evidence for the possibility of preserving these important properties of substrates containing chlorophyll covalently incorporated within solid pore matrices, such as SiO2, TiO2 or ZrO2 synthesized through the sol-gel process. In this work, we study the optical properties of silica xerogels organo-modified on their surface with allyl and phenyl groups and containing different concentrations of chlorophyll bonded to the pore walls, in order to optimize the fluorescence that these macrocyclic species displays in solution. The intention of this investigation was to determine the maximum chlorophyll a concentration at which this molecule can be trapped inside the pores of a given xerogel and to ascertain if this pigment remains trapped as a monomer, a dimer, or aggregate. Allyl and phenyl groups were deposited on the surface of xerogels in view of their important effects on the stability of the molecule, as well as over the fluorescence emission of chlorophyll; however, these organic groups allow the trapping of either chlorophyll a monomers or dimers. The determination of the above parameters allows finding the most adequate systems for subsequent in vitro or in vivo studies. The characterization of the obtained xerogels was performed through spectroscopic absorption, emission and excitation spectra. These hybrid systems can be employed as mimics of natural systems; the entrapment of chlorophyll inside pore matrices indicates that it is possible to exploit some of the most physicochemical properties of trapped chlorophyll for diverse technological applications. The data herein collected suggest the possibility of applying the developed methodology to other active, captive molecules in order to synthesize new hybrid materials with optimized properties, suitable to be applied in diverse technological fields.
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20
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García-Sánchez MA, Serratos IN, Sosa R, Rojas-González F, Tello-Solís SR, Tapia-Esquivel T, González-García F, Esparza-Schulz JM, Huerta-Figueroa DE. Fluorescence and Textural Characterization of Ortho-Amine Tetraphenylporphyrin Covalently Bonded to Organo-Modified Silica Xerogels. J Fluoresc 2016; 26:1601-16. [PMID: 27324951 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Most of the studies performed with porphyrins involve these species functionalized with peripheral substituents lying on the same macrocyclic molecular plane. The main objective of this work deals with the successful preservation and optimization of the fluorescence of a uncommonly used porphyrin species, i.e. tetrakis-(ortho-amino-phenyl)-porphyrin; a molecule with substituents localized not only at one but at both sides of its molecular plane. In cases like this, it must be stressed that fluorescence can only be partially preserved; nevertheless, intense fluorescence can still be reached by following a twofold functionalization strategy involving: (i) the bonding of substituted macrocycles to the pore walls of (ii) organo-modified silica monoliths synthesized by the sol-gel method. The analysis of both absorption and emission UV spectra evidenced a radiation energy transfer taking place between the porphyrin and the host silica matrix. Our results showed that the adequate displaying of the optical properties of macrocyclic species trapped in SiO2 xerogels depend on the polarity existing inside the pores, a property which can be tuned up through the adequate selection of organic groups used to modify the surface of the pore cavities. Additionally, the pore widths attained in the final xerogels can vary depending on the identity of the organic groups attached to the network. All these facts finally demonstrated that, even if using inefficient surface functionalization species, such as ortho-substituted tetraphenylporphyrins, it is still possible to modulate the pore shape, pore size, and physicochemical environment created around the trapped macrocycles. The most important aspect related to this research deals with the fact that the developed methodology offers a real possibility of controlling both the textural and morphological characteristics of a new kind of hybrid porous materials and to optimize the physicochemical properties of diverse active molecules trapped inside the pores of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A García-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México.
| | - I N Serratos
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
| | - R Sosa
- Department of Physics, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
| | - F Rojas-González
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
| | - S R Tello-Solís
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
| | - T Tapia-Esquivel
- Department of Physics, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
| | - F González-García
- Department of Processes and Hydraulics Engineering, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
| | - J M Esparza-Schulz
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
| | - D E Huerta-Figueroa
- Department of Physics, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F., 09340, México
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21
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Minute F, Hellmann N, Spinozzi F, Ortore MG, Di Muro P, Bubacco L, Beltramini M. Entrapment and characterization of functional allosteric conformers of hemocyanin in sol–gel matrices. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Entrapment of hemocyanin in sol–gel stabilizes conformations scarcely populated in solution, allowing for their structural and functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Minute
- Department of Biology
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Institute for Molecular Biophysics
- University of Mainz
- Mainz
- Germany
| | - Francesco Spinozzi
- Department DISVA
- Marche Polytechnic University and CNISM
- I-60131 Ancona
- Italy
| | | | - Paolo Di Muro
- Department of Biology
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Department of Biology
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova
- Italy
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22
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Salas-Bañales E, Quiroz-Segoviano RIY, Díaz-Alejo LA, Rojas-González F, Estrella-González A, Campero A, García-Sánchez MA. Comparative Study of the Optical and Textural Properties of Tetrapyrrole Macrocycles Trapped Within ZrO₂, TiO₂, and SiO₂ Translucent Xerogels. Molecules 2015; 20:19463-88. [PMID: 26512642 PMCID: PMC6332162 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201019463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The entrapping of physicochemical active molecules inside mesoporous networks is an appealing field of research due to the myriad of potential applications in optics, photocatalysis, chemical sensing, and medicine. One of the most important reasons for this success is the possibility of optimizing the properties that a free active species displays in solution but now trapped inside a solid substrate. Additionally it is possible to modulate the textural characteristics of substrates, such as pore size, specific surface area, polarity and chemical affinity of the surface, toward the physical or chemical adhesion of a variety of adsorbates. In the present document, two kinds of non-silicon metal alkoxides, Zr and Ti, are employed to prepare xerogels containing entrapped tetrapyrrolic species that could be inserted beforehand in analogue silica systems. The main goal is to develop efficient methods for trapping or binding tetrapyrrole macrocycles inside TiO2 and ZrO2 xerogels, while comparing the properties of these systems against those of the SiO2 analogues. Once the optimal synthesis conditions for obtaining translucent monolithic xerogels of ZrO2 and TiO2 networks were determined, it was confirmed that these substrates allowed the entrapment, in monomeric form, of macrocycles that commonly appear as aggregates within the SiO2 network. From these experiments, it could be determined that the average pore diameters, specific surface areas, and water sorption capacities depicted by each one of these substrates, are a consequence of their own nature combined with the particular structure of the entrapped tetrapyrrole macrocycle. Furthermore, the establishment of covalent bonds between the intruding species and the pore walls leads to the obtainment of very similar pore sizes in the three different metal oxide (Ti, Zr, and Si) substrates as a consequence of the templating effect of the encapsulated species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Salas-Bañales
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - R Iris Y Quiroz-Segoviano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - Luis Antonio Díaz-Alejo
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Rojas-González
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - Alberto Estrella-González
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Campero
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - Miguel A García-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico.
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23
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Ao G, Xiao Z, Qian X, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang X, Song Y. Nonlinear optical properties tuning in meso-tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives substituted with donor/acceptor groups in picosecond and nanosecond regimes. Molecules 2015; 20:5554-65. [PMID: 25826790 PMCID: PMC6272173 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20045554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and its two substituted derivatives (meso-tetrakis(4-cyanophenyl)porphyrin [TPP(CN)4] and meso-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin [TPP(OMe)4]) were synthesized. Their nonlinear absorption and refraction properties were studied using the Z-scan technique in the picosecond (ps) and nanosecond (ns) regimes. The open aperture Z-scan results reveal that TPP and TPP(CN)4 display an identical reverse saturable absorption (RSA) character in the ps and ns regimes. While TPP(OMe)4 exhibits a transition from saturable absorption (SA) to RSA in the ps regime and a typical RSA character in the ns regime. The closed aperture Z-scan results show that TPP(CN)4 and TPP(OMe)4 have regular enhancement of the magnitude of nonlinear refraction as compared to their parent TPP in both the ps and ns regimes. In addition, the second-order molecular hyperpolarizabilities (γ) of these three porphyrins are calculated, and the γ values of TPP(CN)4 and TPP(OMe)4 are remarkable larger than that of TPP. The introduction of the electron-withdrawing group CN and the electron-donating group OMe into TPP has enhanced its nonlinear refraction and γ value, and tuned its nonlinear absorption (TPP(OMe)4), which could be useful for porphyrin-related applications based on the desired NLO properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghong Ao
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Xuemin Qian
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Zhongguo Li
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Xueru Zhang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Yinglin Song
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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24
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Ma J, Lv L, Zou G, Zhang Q. Fluorescent porous film modified polymer optical fiber via "click" chemistry: stable dye dispersion and trace explosive detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:241-249. [PMID: 25487515 DOI: 10.1021/am505950c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a facile strategy to fabricate fluorescent porous thin film on the surface of U-bent poly(methyl methacrylate) optical fiber (U-bent POF) in situ via "click" polymerization for vapor phase sensing of explosives. Upon irradiation of evanescent UV light transmitting within the fiber under ambient condition, a porous film (POSS-thiol cross-linking film, PTCF) is synthesized on the side surface of the fiber by a thiol-ene "click" reaction of vinyl-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS-V8) and alkane dithiols. When vinyl-functionalized porphyrin, containing four allyl substituents at the periphery, is added into precursors for the polymerization, fluorescence porphyrin can be covalently bonded into the cross-linked network of PTCF. This "fastened" way reduces the aggregation-induced fluorescence self-quenching of porphyrin and enhances the physicochemical stability of the porous film on the surface of U-bent POF. Fluorescent signals of the PTCF/U-bent POF probe made by this method exhibit high fluorescence quenching toward trace TNT and DNT vapor and the highest fluorescence quenching efficiency is observed for 1, 6-hexanedimercaptan-based film. In addition, because of the presence of POSS-V8 with multi cross-linkable groups, PTCF exhibits well-organized pore network and stable dye dispersion, which not only causes fast and sensitive fluorescence quenching against vapors of nitroaromatic compounds, but also provides a repeatability of the probing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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