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Kosar N, Kanwal S, Sajid H, Ayub K, Gilani MA, Elfaki Ibrahim K, Gatasheh MK, Mary YS, Mahmood T. Frequency-dependent nonlinear optical response and refractive index investigation of lactone-derived thermochromic compounds. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 126:108646. [PMID: 37816302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) switchable materials play a crucial role in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics. The selection of an appropriate switching approach is vital in designing such materials to enhance their NLO response. Among various approaches, thermos-switching materials have shown a 4-fold increase in NLO response compared to other photo-switching materials. In this study, we computationally investigated the geometric, electronic, and nonlinear optical properties of reversible lactone-based thermochromic compounds using the ωB97XD/6-311+G (d,p) level of theory. Molecular orbital studies are employed to analyze the electronic properties of the close and open isomers of these compounds, while time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) analysis is utilized to evaluate their molecular absorption. Our findings reveal that the π-electronic conjugation-induced delocalization significantly influences the ON-OFF switchable nonlinear optical response of the lactone-based thermochromic compounds. Notably, among all compounds, the open isomer of lactone 2 exhibits the highest hyperpolarizability value (6596.69 au). Furthermore, we extended our analysis to investigate the frequency-dependent second and third-order hyperpolarizabilities. The most pronounced frequency-dependent NLO response is observed at 532 nm. Additionally, we calculated the refractive index of these thermochromic compounds to further assess their nonlinear optical response. The open isomer of lactone 1 demonstrates the highest refractive index value (3.99 × 10-14 cm2/W). Overall, our study highlights the excellent potential of reversible thermochromic compounds as NLO molecular thermos-switches for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kosar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology (UMT), C-11, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Sajid
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Elfaki Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour K Gatasheh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y Sheena Mary
- Department of Physics, FMNC, Kollam, Kerala, University of Kerala, India
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, 32038, Bahrain.
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2
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Kiven DE, Nkungli NK, Tasheh SN, Ghogomu JN. In silico screening of ethyl 4-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methyleneamino]benzoate and some of its derivatives for their NLO activities using DFT. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:220430. [PMID: 36686549 PMCID: PMC9832297 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of ethyl 4-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methyleneamino]benzoate (EMAB) and some of its derivatives are investigated herein using the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD)-DFT methods. The density functionals B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, M06-2X and ωB97XD, and basis sets 6-31 + G**, 6-311 + + G** and Def2-TZVPP have been used. From the results, EMAB and its substituted derivatives studied are promising candidates for NLO materials. In all cases, the static first and second hyperpolarizabilities (31.7-86.5 × 10-30 and 84.4-273 × 10-36 electrostatic units (esu), respectively) and the frequency-dependent NLO properties are found to be significantly larger (about 43-103 and 28-76 times greater) than those of the NLO prototypical molecule, para-nitroaniline. Furthermore, the maximum absorption wavelengths of the molecules fall within the UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Relative to EMAB, the derivatives have shown improved transparency-nonlinearity trade-offs. Natural bond orbital (NBO) and density of states (DOS) analyses herein revealed effective charge transfer within the molecules studied, especially those with stronger electron donors than that in EMAB (methoxy group). Among the molecules studied, the derivative obtained by substituting EMAB's methoxy group with the pyrrolyl group was found to exhibit the best NLO properties. Conclusively, the NLO activities of EMAB can be significantly improved through the substitution of its methoxy group with stronger electron donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinyuy Emmanuel Kiven
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bambili-Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Nyiang Kennet Nkungli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bambili-Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Stanley Numbonui Tasheh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bambili-Bamenda, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Research Unit of Noxious Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Julius Numbonui Ghogomu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bambili-Bamenda, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Research Unit of Noxious Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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3
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Benyza N, Allouche F, Dammak SW, Lanez E, Lanez T. Chemical Reactivity, Topological Analysis, and Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of M3O@Al12N12: A Quantum Chemical Study. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024422130118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4
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Ibrahim SM, Halim SA. Novel SnZr oxides nanomaterials synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation method: Application in biodiesel production and DFT study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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The second-order NLO property of a photoswitchable heteroditpioc ion-pair receptor based on 2-pyridyl acylhydrazone linking with 2,6-pyridine bisamide: The impacts of metal cations and anions. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 100:107652. [PMID: 32659626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A photoswitchable heteroditpioc ion-pair receptor E-1 and its isomeride Z-1 (without the anion binding site), that are based on the 2-pyridyl acylhydrazone linking 2,6-pyridine bisamide, have brought our attention to systematically explore the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties by the density functional theory (DFT). In this work, we mainly studied the influences of metal cations (M = Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+), anions (X = Cl-, Br- and I-) and ion-pair (NaCl, NaBr and NaI) on NLO responses for the receptor. In addition, the impacts of isomerization and poto-switching processes on NLO response for these systems also have been discussed detailedly. The results show that the isomerization process does not effectively adjust the NLO properties for our studied systems. But the poto-switching process that was triggered by light to capure or release ions plays an important role in improving the NLO properties. The receptors E-1 and Z-1 are excellent candidates to effectively detect metal cation Pb2+, because the first hyperpolarizability (βtot) values of E∗Pb2+ and Z∗Pb2+ increased by 13 times and 20 times relative to that of receptors E-1 (188.06 a.u.) and Z-1 (270.21 a.u.), respectively. In addition, the receptor E-1 has the possibility to detect anion I- due to the larger βtot values compared with other anion-complexes. However, the changes of NLO responses for ion-pair complexes are not obvious compared with corresponding anion-complexes. We are looking forward to the research would be beneficial for further theoretical and experimental studies on recognizing metal cations and anions based on large second-order NLO difference.
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Boukabene M, Brahim H, Hadji D, Guendouzi A. Theoretical study of geometric, optical, nonlinear optical, UV–Vis spectra and phosphorescence properties of iridium(III) complexes based on 5-nitro-2-(2′,4′-difluorophenyl)pyridyl. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-2560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Arif AM, Yousaf A, Zhong RL, Akhtar M, Muhammad S, Xu HL, Su ZM. Metal ions doped into merocyanine form of coumarin derivatives: nonlinear optical molecular switches. J Mol Model 2019; 25:212. [PMID: 31280370 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, DFT calculations are carried out on domestically designed 7-methyl-2-phenyl-5'H-spiro[chromene-4,2'-chromeno[3,4-e][1,3]oxazin]-5'-one spiropyran and merocyanine derivatives to recognize alkali and alkaline earth metal ions. Detection of these metal ions can be attained by exploiting the variation of the second-order nonlinear optical properties. Merocyanine forms of these derivatives exhibit the ability to complex with different metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, and Ca2+), which is associated with large contrasts in the hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) response as a function of metal size and charge. Interestingly, in this study, Mero-Li+ shows significant nonlinear optical response with dynamic HRS first hyperpolarizability amounting to 7607 a.u., which is about nine times higher than its corresponding spiro form (846 a.u.) at the CAM-B3LYP/6-311G* level of theory. The present investigation clarifies the effect of metal nature on the enhancement of the first hyperpolarizability between the closed and open forms of the studied coumarin derivatives. Graphical abstract The coumarin-based compound 3 demonstrate the higher second-order NLO responses as a function of metal cation size and charges. Complexation of smaller alkali metal ions leads to the formation of stronger metal-ligand bonds, larger geometrical relaxations and significant enhancement of the HRS first hyperpolarizabilities. This present investigation elucidates the effect of metal nature on the enhancement of the first hyperpolarizability between the closed and open forms of studied coumarin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Muhammad Arif
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Afifa Yousaf
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Lin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mansoor Akhtar
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hong-Liang Xu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, People's Republic of China. .,School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Abdel‐Haleem FM, Salah A, Rizk MS, Moustafa H, Bechelany M, Barhoum A. Carbon‐based Nanosensors for Salicylate Determination in Pharmaceutical Preparations. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Azza Salah
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceCairo University Gamaa Street Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S. Rizk
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceCairo University Gamaa Street Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Hussein Moustafa
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceCairo University Gamaa Street Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM – UMR 5635, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM – UMR 5635, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceHelwan University Helwan 11795 Helwan Egypt
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Yu HL, Wang WY, Hong B, Si YL, Ma TL, Zheng R. First hyperpolarizabilities of Pt(4-ethynylbenzo-15-crown-5)2(bpy) derivatives with the complexation of mono-cations (Li+, Na+, K+) and di-cations (Mg2+, Ca2+): development of a cation detector. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04919f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordination of mono-cations and di-cations onto the crown merits the design of the NLO-based cation detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Yu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science
- Jilin Agricultural University
- Changchun 130118
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yong Wang
- JiangSu XinHai Senior High School
- Lianyungang City 222000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hong
- College of Resources and Environmental Science
- Jilin Agricultural University
- Changchun 130118
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ling Si
- College of Resources and Environmental Science
- Jilin Agricultural University
- Changchun 130118
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Liang Ma
- College of Resources and Environmental Science
- Jilin Agricultural University
- Changchun 130118
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Zheng
- College of Resources and Environmental Science
- Jilin Agricultural University
- Changchun 130118
- People's Republic of China
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10
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Muhammad S, Al-Sehemi AG, Irfan A, Chaudhry AR. Tuning the push–pull configuration for efficient second-order nonlinear optical properties in some chalcone derivatives. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 68:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Qu J, Song Y, Ji W, Jing S, Zhu D, Huang W, Zheng M, Li Y, Ma J. Macrocyclic Se4N2[7,7]ferrocenophane and Se2N[10]ferrocenophane containing benzyl unit: synthesis, complexation, crystal structures, electrochemical and optical properties. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3417-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04763c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Se4N2[7,7]ferrocenophane containing benzyl unit shows switch-on third-order NLO responses to Cu2+ and Hg2+ due to the formation of delocalized π-conjugated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211800
- China
- Institute of Advanced Materials
| | - Yinglin Song
- College of Physics
- Optoelectronics and Energy
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
- China
| | - Wei Ji
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211800
- China
- School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Su Jing
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Dunru Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Mengxi Zheng
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Yanle Li
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
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12
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Lakmali UGR, Hettiarachchi CV. Pseudo crystalline state thermochromic and reverse-photochromic reactivity of spiroindolinobenzopyran upon encapsulation into Zn-MOF-74. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01639h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Drastic changes observed in chromic properties of an unsubstituted spiroindolinobenzopyran encapsulated into a MOF lattice are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. G. Randika Lakmali
- Postgraduate Institute of Science
- University of Peradeniya
- Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
| | - Champika V. Hettiarachchi
- Postgraduate Institute of Science
- University of Peradeniya
- Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
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