1
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Zahara AJ, Haines BE, Wilkerson-Hill SM. Programmed Heterocycle Synthesis Using Halomucononitriles as Pyridinimine Precursors. Org Lett 2024; 26:2976-2981. [PMID: 38557087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Herein we report a method to convert primary amines, ubiquitous motifs found in pharmaceutical libraries, to either imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines or 7-alkyl azaindoles in two steps from known compounds. Using halomucononitrile reagents, we can directly access 5-bromo-6-imino-1-alkyl-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carbonitriles (pyridinimines) in a single step from primary amines (25-93% yield) through the cyclization of transient aminomucononitrile intermediates. We then demonstrate that these compounds can be readily converted to 7-alkylazaindoles using Sonogashira cross-coupling conditions (13 examples, up to 91% yield). Under oxidative conditions, the pyridinimines serve as directing groups for C-H functionalization reactions to afford imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. We also studied the mechanism of the cyclization event using DFT calculations and propose that this takes place via sequential base-mediated E/Z isomerization and cyclization steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Zahara
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Brandon E Haines
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108, United States
| | - Sidney M Wilkerson-Hill
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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2
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Chamakiya CA, Chothani SR, Joshi RJ, Bhalodia J, Ambasana MA, Bapodra AH, Kapuriya N. Efficient and metal-free synthesis of 2-aroyl 7-azaindoles via thermally induced denitrogenative intramolecular annulation of 1,2,3,4-tetrazolopyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2192-2196. [PMID: 38411006 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A facile and metal-free intramolecular denitrogenative annulation strategy for the preparation of novel 2-aroyl 7-azaindoles has been developed from 3-(tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-8-yl)prop-2-en-1-one in the presence of the deep eutectic solvent Dowtherm A. The valuable features of the protocol include a short reaction time, absence of any metal catalyst, utilization of a eutectic solvent, easy product isolation, and very good yields of novel 2-aroyl 7-azaindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag A Chamakiya
- Department of chemistry and forensic science, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
| | - Savankumar R Chothani
- Department of chemistry and forensic science, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
| | - Rupal J Joshi
- Department of chemistry and forensic science, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
| | - Jasmin Bhalodia
- Department of chemistry and forensic science, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
| | - Mrunal A Ambasana
- Department of chemistry and forensic science, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
| | - Atul H Bapodra
- Department of chemistry and forensic science, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
| | - Naval Kapuriya
- Department of chemistry and forensic science, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
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3
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Xu M, Bai Z, Xie B, Peng R, Du Z, Liu Y, Zhang G, Yan S, Xiao X, Qin S. Marine-Derived Bisindoles for Potent Selective Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Molecules 2024; 29:933. [PMID: 38474445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine-derived bisindoles exhibit structural diversity and exert anti-cancer influence through multiple mechanisms. Comprehensive research has shown that the development success rate of drugs derived from marine natural products is four times higher than that of other natural derivatives. Currently, there are 20 marine-derived drugs used in clinical practice, with 11 of them demonstrating anti-tumor effects. This article provides a thorough review of recent advancements in anti-tumor exploration involving 167 natural marine bisindole products and their derivatives. Not only has enzastaurin entered clinical practice, but there is also a successfully marketed marine-derived bisindole compound called midostaurin that is used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. In summary, investigations into the biological activity and clinical progress of marine-derived bisindoles have revealed their remarkable selectivity, minimal toxicity, and efficacy against various cancer cells. Consequently, they exhibit immense potential in the field of anti-tumor drug development, especially in the field of anti-tumor drug resistance. In the future, these compounds may serve as promising leads in the discovery and development of novel cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Xu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Baocheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ziwei Du
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Guangshuai Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Si Yan
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shuanglin Qin
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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4
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Talukdar V, Mondal K, Kumar Dhaked D, Das P. CuI/DMAP-Catalyzed Oxidative Alkynylation of 7-Azaindoles: Synthetic Scope and Mechanistic Studies. Chem Asian J 2024:e202300987. [PMID: 38258444 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
An efficient and practical method for the N-alkynylation of 7-azaindoles has been established by using CuI/DMAP catalytic system at room temperature and in open air. This simple protocol has been successfully employed in the synthesis of a wide range of N-alkynylated 7-azaindoles with good yields. Also, this approach is well-suited for large-scale N-alkynylation reactions. The designed N-alkynylated 7-azaindoles were further subjected to Cu-/Ir-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC/IrAAC) or "click" reaction for the rapid synthesis of 1,4-/1,5 disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole decorated 7-azaindoles. A mechanistic study based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectroscopic studies revealed that the CuI and DMAP combination formed a [CuII (DMAP)2 I2 ] species, which acts as an active catalyst. The DFT method was used to assess the energetic viability of an organometallic in the C-N bond formation pathway originating from the [CuII (DMAP)2 I2 ] complex. We expect that the newly designed Cu/DMAP/alkyne system will offer valuable insights into the field of Cu-catalyzed transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institution of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Dhanbad (Jharkhand), India
| | - Krishanu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institution of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Dhanbad (Jharkhand), India
| | - Devendra Kumar Dhaked
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, (NIPER) Kolkata, 700054, Kolkata, India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institution of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Dhanbad (Jharkhand), India
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5
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Sharma N, Chaudhary A, Sachdeva M. An insight into the structure-activity relationship studies of anticancer medicinal attributes of 7-azaindole derivatives: a review. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2309-2323. [PMID: 38112047 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current portfolio, there is a lot of interest in the 7-azaindole building block for drug discovery. The creation of synthetic, sophisticated methods for the modification of 7-azaindoles is a promising area of research. This review covers the structure-activity relationship of 7-azaindole analogs, which have been shown to be effective anticancer agents in the literature of the past two decades. Positions 1, 3 and 5 of the 7-azaindole ring are the most active sites. Disubstitution is used for the synthesis of a new analog of the 7-azaindole moiety. All positions are used to create novel molecules that are effective anticancer agents. The alkyl, aryl carboxamide group and heterocyclic ring are the most successful types of substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Rajkumar Goel Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), NH-58, Ghaziabad, 201001, India
| | - Anurag Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut, 250005, India
| | - Monika Sachdeva
- Rajkumar Goel Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), NH-58, Ghaziabad, 201001, India
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Zhang Q, Gao X, Duan X, Liang H, Gao M, Dong D, Guo C, Huang L. Design, synthesis and SAR of novel 7-azaindole derivatives as potential Erk5 kinase inhibitor with anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 95:117503. [PMID: 37862935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (Erk5) signaling plays a crucial role in cancer, and regulating its activity may have potential in cancer chemotherapy. In this study, a series of novel 7-azaindole derivatives (4a-5o) were designed and synthesized. Their antitumor activities on human lung cancer A549 cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and colony formation assay. Among them, compounds 4a, 4 h, 5d and 5j exhibited good anti-proliferative activity with the IC50 values of 6.23 µg/mL, 8.52 µg/mL, 7.33 µg/mL and 4.56 µg/mL, respectively, equivalent to Erk5 positive control XMD8-92 (IC50 = 5.36 µg/mL). The results of structure-activity relationships (SAR) showed that double bond on the piperidine ring and N atoms at the N7 position of 7-azaindole was essential for their antiproliferative activity. Furthermore, compounds 4a and 5j exhibited good inhibition on Erk5 kinase through Western blot analysis and possible action site of compounds with Erk5 kinase was elucidated by molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xintao Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiyu Duan
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Han Liang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dianquan Dong
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Longjiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China.
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7
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Baweja S, Kalal B, Maity S. Laser spectroscopic characterization of supersonic jet cooled 2,7-diazaindole. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:26679-26691. [PMID: 37772686 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the first gas phase comprehensive study of the electronic spectroscopy of 2,7-diazaindole molecule in the ground and excited states. Single vibronic level fluorescence spectroscopy (SVLF) was performed to determine the ground state vibrations of the molecule, which depicted a large Franck-Condon activity beyond 2600 cm-1. For the excited state characterization, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and two-color resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy (2C-R2PI) were performed. The band origin (000) for S1 ← S0 transition appeared at 33910 ± 1 cm-1 which was red shifted by 718 cm-1 and 1322 cm-1 compared to that of 7-azaindole and indole respectively. The Franck-Condon active vibrational modes in the spectra were seen till the (000) + 1600 cm-1 region. The IR-UV hole burning spectroscopy confirmed the absence of any other isomeric species in the molecular beam. The ionization energy (IE) of the molecule was measured as 8.921 ± 0.001 eV, recorded using photoionization efficiency spectroscopy. The above IE value was significantly higher than that of the related indole derivatives, suggesting the higher photostability of the 27DAI molecule due to N(2) insertion. The ground and excited state N-H stretching frequencies of the molecule were determined using fluorescence-dip infrared spectroscopy (FDIR) and resonant ion-dip infrared spectroscopy (IDIR), and the values are 3523 and 3467 cm-1, respectively. The lower value of νNH in the electronic excited state implied the increased photoacidity of the group. A comparative analysis of the experimental LIF/2C-R2PI spectra was done against Franck-Condon simulated spectra at three different levels of theory. The vibrational frequencies calculated at B3LYP-D4/def2-TZVPP showed the most accurate prediction in comparison with the experimentally detected symmetric modes in the ground state. However, in the excited state, the lower energy asymmetric modes simulated at the B3LYP/def-SVP level of theory provided the best agreement with the experiment. This is most probably due to the distortion observed at the pyrazolyl ring leading to the appearance of asymmetric vibrational modes. The above study highlights the possibility to appropriately tune the excitation wavelengths as well as alter the photostability of the organic chromophores via additional N-insertion in the molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Baweja
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
| | - Bhavika Kalal
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
| | - Surajit Maity
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
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8
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Gardner ED, Johnson BP, Dimas DA, McClurg HE, Severance ZC, Burgett AW, Singh S. Unlocking New Prenylation Modes: Azaindoles as a New Substrate Class for Indole Prenyltransferases. ChemCatChem 2023; 15:e202300650. [PMID: 37954549 PMCID: PMC10634513 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202300650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Aza-substitution, the replacement of aromatic CH groups with nitrogen atoms, is an established medicinal chemistry strategy for increasing solubility, but current methods of accessing functionalized azaindoles are limited. In this work, indole-alkylating aromatic prenyltransferases (PTs) were explored as a strategy to directly functionalize azaindole-substituted analogs of natural products. For this, a series of aza-l-tryptophans (Aza-Trp) featuring N-substitution of every aromatic CH position of the indole ring and their corresponding cyclic Aza-l-Trp-l-proline dipeptides (Aza-CyWP), were synthesized as substrate mimetics for the indole-alkylating PTs FgaPT2, CdpNPT, and FtmPT1. We then demonstrated most of these substrate analogs were accepted by a PT, and the regioselectivity of each prenylation was heavily influenced by the position of the N-substitution. Remarkably, FgaPT2 was found to produce cationic N-prenylpyridinium products, representing not only a new substrate class for indole PTs but also a previously unobserved prenylation mode. The discovery that nitrogenous indole bioisosteres can be accepted by PTs thus provides access to previously unavailable chemical space in the search for bioactive indolediketopiperazine analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Gardner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Bryce P. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Dustin A. Dimas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Heather E. McClurg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Zachary C. Severance
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Anthony W. Burgett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Shanteri Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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Pecoraro C, Terrana F, Panzeca G, Parrino B, Cascioferro S, Diana P, Giovannetti E, Carbone D. Nortopsentins as Leads from Marine Organisms for Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Agent Development. Molecules 2023; 28:6450. [PMID: 37764226 PMCID: PMC10537790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is an excellent source of molecules that have a wide structural diversity and a variety of biological activities. Many marine natural products (MNPs) have been established as leads for anticancer drug discovery. Most of these compounds are alkaloids, including several chemical subclasses. In this review, we focus on the bis-indolyl alkaloid Nortopsentins and their derivatives with antiproliferative properties. Nortopsentins A-C were found to exhibit in vitro cytotoxicity against the P388 murine leukaemia cell line. Their structural manipulation provided a wide range of derivatives with significant anti-tumour activity against human cell lines derived from different cancer types (bladder, colon, gastric, CNS, liver, lung, breast, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, pleural mesothelioma, renal, sarcoma, and uterus). In vivo assays on animal models also proved that Nortopsentins and related bis-indolyl compounds have potent anti-inflammatory activity. These remarks set the foundation for future investigations into the development of new Nortopsentin derivatives as new anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, PA, Italy; (C.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesca Terrana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, PA, Italy; (C.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Giovanna Panzeca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, PA, Italy; (C.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, PA, Italy; (C.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, PA, Italy; (C.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, PA, Italy; (C.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Via Ferruccio Giovannini 13, 56017 San Giuliano Terme, PI, Italy
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, PA, Italy; (C.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (D.C.)
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10
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Fang G, Chen H, Cheng Z, Tang Z, Wan Y. Azaindole derivatives as potential kinase inhibitors and their SARs elucidation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115621. [PMID: 37423125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, heterocycles have occupied an important position in the fields of drug design. Among them, azaindole moiety is regarded as one privileged scaffold to develop therapeutic agents. Since two nitrogen atoms of azaindole increase the possibility to form hydrogen bonds in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding site, azaindole derivatives are important sources of kinase inhibitors. Moreover, some of them have been on the market or in clinical trials for the treatment of some kinase-related diseases (e.g., vemurafenib, pexidartinib, decernotinib). In this review, we focused on the recent development of azaindole derivatives as potential kinase inhibitors based on kinase targets, such as adaptor-associated kinase 1 (AAK1), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), AXL, cell division cycle 7 (Cdc7), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), dual-specificity tyrosine (Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and proviral insertion site in moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases. Meanwhile, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of most azaindole derivatives were also elucidated. In addition, the binding modes of some azaindoles complexed with kinases were also investigated during the SARs elucidation. This review may offer an insight for medicinal chemists to rationally design more potent kinase inhibitors bearing the azaindole scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Hongjuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Zhiyun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Yichao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China.
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11
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Meng Q, Ren X, Wang R, Han Y, Li X, Zhang Q, Li Z, Wang Y, Huang L, Yu H. Design, synthesis, anticonvulsant activity and structure-activity relationships of novel 7-Azaindole derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2023; 133:106430. [PMID: 36812828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
In search of new-structure compounds with good anticonvulsant activity and low neurotoxicity, a series of 3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-7-azaindole derivatives was designed and synthesized. Their anticonvulsant activities were evaluated by maximal electroshock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test, and neurotoxicity was determined by the rotary rod method. In the PTZ-induced epilepsy model, compounds 4i, 4p and 5 k showed significant anticonvulsant activities with ED50 values at 30.55 mg/kg, 19.72 mg/kg and 25.46 mg/kg, respectively. However, these compounds did not show any anticonvulsant activity in the MES model. More importantly, these compounds have lower neurotoxicity with protective index (PI = TD50/ED50) values at 8.58, 10.29 and 7.41, respectively. In order to obtain a clearer structure-activity relationship, more compounds were designed rationally based on 4i, 4p and 5 k and their anticonvulsant activities were evaluated on PTZ models. The results demonstrated that the N-atom at the 7-position of the 7-azaindole and the double-bond in the 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine skeleton was essential for antiepileptic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Meng
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Xue Ren
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Xiufen Li
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Zhenpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Longjiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 XiannongtanStreet, Xicheng district, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Haibo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 XiannongtanStreet, Xicheng district, Beijing 100050, China.
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12
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Wang S, Ying Z, Huang Y, Li Y, Hu M, Kang K, Wang H, Shao J, Wu G, Yu Y, Du Y, Chen W. Synthesis and structure-activity optimization of 7-azaindoles containing aza-β-amino acids targeting the influenza PB2 subunit. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115185. [PMID: 36773549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The PB2 subunit of influenza virus polymerase has been demonstrated as a promising drug target for anti-influenza therapy. In this work, 7-azaindoles containing aza-β3- or β2,3 -amino acids were synthesized possessing a good binding affinity of PB2. The aza-β-amino acid moieties with diverse size, shape, steric hindrance and configuration were investigated. Then a lead HAA-09 was validated, and the attached aza-β3-amino acid moiety with acyclic tertiary carbon side chain well occupied in the key hydrophobic cavity of PB2_cap binding domain. Importantly, HAA-09 displays potent polymerase inhibition capacity, low cytotoxicity (selectivity index up to 2915) as well as robust anti-viral activity against A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus and oseltamivir-resistant H275Y variant. Moreover, HAA-09 exhibited druggability with high plasma stability (t1/2 ≥ 12 h) and no obvious hERG inhibition (IC50 > 10 μM). Also, HAA-09 demonstrated a favorable safety profile when orally administrated in healthy mice at a high dose of 40 mg/kg QD for consecutive 3 days. Besides, in vivo therapeutic efficacy (85.7% survival observed at the day 15 post infection) was demonstrated when HAA-09 was administrated orally at 12.5 mg/kg BID starting 48 h post infection for 9 days. These data support that exploring the interactions between side chains on aza-β3- or β2,3 -amino acid moieties and hydrophobic pocket of PB2_cap binding domain is a potential medicinal chemistry strategy for developing potent PB2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Zhimin Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Youchun Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Yuting Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Menglong Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Ke Kang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, PR China
| | - Gaoqi Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Yushen Du
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
| | - Wenteng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
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13
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Pecoraro C, De Franco M, Carbone D, Bassani D, Pavan M, Cascioferro S, Parrino B, Cirrincione G, Dall'Acqua S, Moro S, Gandin V, Diana P. 1,2,4-Amino-triazine derivatives as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitors: Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115134. [PMID: 36709650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Among the different hallmarks of cancer, deregulation of cellular metabolism turned out to be an essential mechanism in promoting cancer resistance and progression. The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are well known as key regulators in cells metabolic process and their activity was found to be overexpressed in different metabolic alerted types of cancer, including the high aggressive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To date few PDK inhibitors have been reported, and the different molecules developed are characterized by structural chemical diversity. In an attempt to find novel classes of potential PDK inhibitors, the molecular hybridization approach, which combine two or more active scaffolds in a single structure, was employed. Herein we report the synthesis and the pharmacological evaluation of the novel hybrid molecules, characterized by the fusion of three different pharmacophoric sub-units such as 1,2,4-amino triazines, 7-azaindoles and indoles, in a single structure. The synthesized derivatives demonstrated a promising ability in hampering the enzymatic activity of PDK1 and 4, further confirmed by docking studies. Interestingly, these derivatives retained a strong antiproliferative activity against pancreatic cancer cells either in 2D and 3D models. Mechanistic studies in highly aggressive PDAC cells confirmed their ability to hamper PDK axis and to induce cancer cell death by apoptosis. Moreover, in vivo translational studies in a murine syngeneic solid tumor model confirmed the ability of the most representative compounds to target the PDK system and highlight the ability to reduce the tumor growth without inducing substantial body weight changes in the treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michele De Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Bassani
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Pavan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
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14
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Kavitha Preethi R, Kannadasan S, Shanmugam P. Azomethine ylide [3 + 2]-cycloaddition of 3-alkylidene-7-aza-2-indolone: Synthesis of 3,3′-dispiropyrrolidine- and 3,3′-dispiropyrrolizidine bis 7-aza-2-oxindoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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15
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Yamada K, Ohta M, Kitamura G, Tsutsumiguchi S, Nishi T. Facile synthesis of indole 3-acetic acid and azaindole 3-acetic acid derivatives. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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16
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Yuan C, Pan C. Recent Advances in the N-Aryl C—H Functionalization Using 7-Azaindole as Intrinsic Directing Group. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202205034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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17
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Marcos Santos L, da Silveira NJF. Current Fragment-to-lead Approaches Starting from the 7-azaindole: The Pharmacological Versatility of a Privileged Molecular Fragment. Curr Top Med Chem 2023; 23:2116-2130. [PMID: 37461366 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666230718100541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Fragment-based drug discovery is one of the most powerful paradigms in the recent context of medicinal chemistry and is being widely practiced by academic and industrial researchers. Currently, azaindoles are among the most exploited molecular fragments in pharmaceutical innovation projects inspired by fragment-to-lead strategies. The 7-azaindole is the most prominent representative within this remarkable family of pyrrolopyridine fragments, as it is present in the chemical structure of several approved antitumor drugs and also of numerous therapeutic candidates. In this paper, a brief overview on existing proofs of concept in the literature will be presented, as well as some recent works that corroborate 7-azaindole as a privileged and pharmacologically versatile molecular fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Marcos Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Computer Simulation / MolMod-CS (D311-F), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas / UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, 37130-001, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory / LQFar (D202A), Department of Food and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas / UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Nelson José Freitas da Silveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Computer Simulation / MolMod-CS (D311-F), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas / UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, 37130-001, Brazil
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18
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Zhan Y, Tong H, He S, Zhu H, Guo H, Sun H, Liu M. A New 7-azaindole Structure Analog: Molecular Docking, Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Activity in vitro for Anticancer. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200692. [PMID: 36082623 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of 7-azaindole analogs was designed by the bioisosteric principle based on pharmacodynamic parent nucleus. Moreover, 5-Chloro-3-{[2-({[6-(trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl]methyl}amino)pyrimidin-5-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (compound P1 ) with the strongest interaction with colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) was screened by molecular docking. Compound P1 was successfully prepared by the six-step reaction with HPLC purity of 99.26% and characterized by 1 H NMR and ESI-MS spectra. In vitro bioactivity study showed that compound P1 appeared the cytotoxicity to MCF-7 and A549 cells, especially to HOS cells (IC 50 = 88.79 ± 8.07 nM), while it had lower toxicity to normal L929 cells (IC 50 = 140.49 ± 8.03 μM). In addition, compound P1 could induce HOS cell death by apoptosis and blocking the G0/G1 phase at nanomolar concentrations. The obtained results indicated that compound P1 might be a promising candidate compound for anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhan
- Hubei University of Technology, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanli Road 28, 430068, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Hang Tong
- Hubei University of Technology, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanli Road 28, 430068, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Shibo He
- Hubei University of Technology, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanli Road 28, 430068, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Hongda Zhu
- Hubei University of Technology, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanli Road 28, 430068, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Huiling Guo
- Hubei University of Technology, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanli Road 28, 430068, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Hubei University of Technology, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanli Road 28, 430068, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Mingxing Liu
- Hubei University of Technology, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanli Road 28, 430068, Wuhan, CHINA
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19
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Atchuta Ramarao T, Jha A, Sen A. A Mechanistic Approach on the Cs
2
CO
3
Mediated Synthesis of 4‐Azaindole Analogues Bearing Pyridine‐3‐Carboxamide and 1‐Phenylethanone. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Atchuta Ramarao
- Department of Chemistry GITAM Institute of Science GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rushikonda Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 530045 India
| | - Anjali Jha
- Department of Chemistry GITAM Institute of Science GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rushikonda Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 530045 India
| | - Anik Sen
- Department of Chemistry GITAM Institute of Science GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rushikonda Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 530045 India
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20
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Urvashi, Senthil Kumar JB, Das P, Tandon V. Development of Azaindole-Based Frameworks as Potential Antiviral Agents and Their Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6454-6495. [PMID: 35477274 PMCID: PMC9063994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The azaindole (AI) framework continues to play a significant role in the design of new antiviral agents. Modulating the position and isosteric replacement of the nitrogen atom of AI analogs notably influences the intrinsic physicochemical properties of lead compounds. The intra- and intermolecular interactions of AI derivatives with host receptors or viral proteins can also be fine tuned by carefully placing the nitrogen atom in the heterocyclic core. This wide-ranging perspective article focuses on AIs that have considerable utility in drug discovery programs against RNA viruses. The inhibition of influenza A, human immunodeficiency, respiratory syncytial, neurotropic alpha, dengue, ebola, and hepatitis C viruses by AI analogs is extensively reviewed to assess their plausible future potential in antiviral drug discovery. The binding interaction of AIs with the target protein is examined to derive a structural basis for designing new antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvashi
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Special Centre for
Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110
067, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - J. B. Senthil Kumar
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Special Centre for
Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110
067, India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute
of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Special Centre for
Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110
067, India
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21
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Sandeep Kumar J, Sujeevan Reddy G, Medishetti R, Amirul Hossain K, Thirupataiah B, Edelli J, Dilip Bele S, Kristina Edwin R, Joseph A, Shenoy GG, Mallikarjuna Rao C, Pal M. Ultrasound assisted one-pot synthesis of rosuvastatin based novel azaindole derivatives via coupling-cyclization strategy under Pd/Cu-catalysis: their evaluation as potential cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105857. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Kimura R, Sato Y, Morisaki K, Nishi T. [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 1-(4-Methoxybenzyl)indoles and azaindoles with nitrile oxides. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Chen W, Shao J, Ying Z, Du Y, Yu Y. Approaches for discovery of small-molecular antivirals targeting to influenza A virus PB2 subunit. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1545-1553. [PMID: 35247593 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, leading to huge morbidity and mortality in humans worldwide. Despite the availability of antivirals in the clinic, the emergence of resistant strains calls for antivirals with novel mechanisms of action. The PB2 subunit of the influenza A virus polymerase is a promising target because of its vital role in the 'cap-snatching' mechanism. In this review, we summarize the technologies and medicinal chemistry strategies for hit identification, hit-to-lead and lead-to-candidate optimization, and current challenges in PB2 inhibitor development, as well as offering insights for the fight against drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenteng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jiaan Shao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Zhimin Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yushen Du
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China(1)
| | - Yongping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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24
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Ryu H, Pudasaini B, Cho D, Hong S, Baik MH. Oxidatively induced reactivity in Rh( iii)-catalyzed 7-azaindole synthesis: insights into the role of the silver additive. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10707-10714. [DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01650h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ag+ cations oxidize and promote the activity of Rh-intermediates in the coupling of 2-aminopyridine and alkyne to form 7-azaindole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bimal Pudasaini
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasol Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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25
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Izgi S, Sengul IF, Şahin E, Koca MS, Cebeci F, Kandemir H. Synthesis of 7-azaindole based carbohydrazides and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles; Antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition properties and docking study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Radix S, Hallé F, Mahiout Z, Teissonnière A, Bouchez G, Auberger L, Barret R, Lomberget T. A journey through Hemetsberger‐Knittel, Leimgruber‐Batcho and Bartoli reactions: access to several hydroxy 5‐ and 6‐azaindoles. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Lomberget
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5246 Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Faculté de Pharmacie-ISPB, 8, Avenue Rockefeller, F-69373, Lyon, Cedex 08, France FRANCE
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27
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aminopyrazole- and 7-azaindole-based Nek1 inhibitors and their effects on zebrafish kidney development. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 53:128418. [PMID: 34715306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
NIMA-related protein kinase Nek1 is crucially involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair and microtubule regulation and dysfunctions of Nek1 play key roles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and several types of radiotherapy resistant cancer. Targeting of Nek1 could reveal a new class of radiosensitizing substances and provide useful tools to better understand the aforementioned diseases. In this report we explore substituted aminopyrazoles and 7-azaindoles as potent inhibitors for the Nek1 kinase domain and examine their effect on kidney organogenesis in Danio rerio.
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Kumar M, Raziullah, Ahmad A, Dutta HS, Khan AA, Rastogi A, Kant R, Koley D. Cu(II)-Catalyzed C-N, C-O, C-Cl, C-S, and C-Se Bond Formation via C(sp 2)-H Activation Using 7-Azaindole as an Intrinsic Directing Group. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15185-15202. [PMID: 34696586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A general protocol has been developed for the construction of carbon-heteroatom (C-N, C-Cl, C-O, C-S, and C-Se) bonds using the bench stable, earth-abundant, and environmentally benign copper catalyst. Only oxygen is sufficient to regenerate the copper catalyst. Control experiments suggested that the proto-demetalation step is reversible. Depending on the coupling partner, the reaction follows either disproportionation or radical pathways to complete the catalytic cycle. The synthetic utility of the developed protocol has been demonstrated via various functional group transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Raziullah
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | | | - Afsar Ali Khan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anushka Rastogi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Dipankar Koley
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
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Deprotometalation-Iodolysis and Direct Iodination of 1-Arylated 7-Azaindoles: Reactivity Studies and Molecule Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206314. [PMID: 34684895 PMCID: PMC8537530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five protocols were first compared for the copper-catalyzed C-N bond formation between 7-azaindole and aryl/heteroaryl iodides/bromides. The 1-arylated 7-azaindoles thus obtained were subjected to deprotometalation-iodolysis sequences using lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide as the base and the corresponding zinc diamide as an in situ trap. The reactivity of the substrate was discussed in light of the calculated atomic charges and the pKa values. The behavior of the 1-arylated 7-azaindoles in direct iodination was then studied, and the results explained by considering the HOMO orbital coefficients and the atomic charges. Finally, some of the iodides generated, generally original, were involved in the N-arylation of indole. While crystallographic data were collected for fifteen of the synthesized compounds, biological properties (antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant activity) were evaluated for others.
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Abstract
N-heterocycles, both saturated and unsaturated, are ubiquitous biologically active molecules that are extremely appealing scaffolds in drug discovery programs. Although classical synthetic methods have been developed to access many relevant N-heterocyclic scaffolds, representing well-established and reliable routes, some do not meet the needs of sustainability. In this context, several advances have been made towards the sustainable synthesis of N-heterocycles. This review focuses on the most recent examples from the last five years of catalytic synthesis of several heterocyclic compounds of medicinal relevance. Thus, the synthesis of isoindoloquinazolines, quinazolines and azaindoles, among others, are covered. The synthetic methods selected include the use of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts and the use of alternative and sustainable methods such as, for example, metal-catalyzed acceptorless coupling and one-pot reactions. The green aspects of the individual synthetic approaches are highlighted, and the scope of each methodology is described.
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Ahmed Fouad M, Ferretti F, Formenti D, Milani F, Ragaini F. Synthesis of Indoles by Reductive Cyclization of Nitro Compounds Using Formate Esters as CO Surrogates. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manar Ahmed Fouad
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University P.O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Francesco Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Dario Formenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie – RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1a 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Fabio Milani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
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Yamada K, Mishima N, Saito K, Nishi T. Synthesis and applications of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-1-tosylazaindolines. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Pucelik B, Barzowska A, Dąbrowski JM, Czarna A. Diabetic Kinome Inhibitors-A New Opportunity for β-Cells Restoration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9083. [PMID: 34445786 PMCID: PMC8396662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, and several diseases related to diabetes, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders, represent one of the major ongoing threats to human life, becoming a true pandemic of the 21st century. Current treatment strategies for diabetes mainly involve promoting β-cell differentiation, and one of the most widely studied targets for β-cell regeneration is DYRK1A kinase, a member of the DYRK family. DYRK1A has been characterized as a key regulator of cell growth, differentiation, and signal transduction in various organisms, while further roles and substrates are the subjects of extensive investigation. The targets of interest in this review are implicated in the regulation of β-cells through DYRK1A inhibition-through driving their transition from highly inefficient and death-prone populations into efficient and sufficient precursors of islet regeneration. Increasing evidence for the role of DYRK1A in diabetes progression and β-cell proliferation expands the potential for pharmaceutical applications of DYRK1A inhibitors. The variety of new compounds and binding modes, determined by crystal structure and in vitro studies, may lead to new strategies for diabetes treatment. This review provides recent insights into the initial self-activation of DYRK1A by tyrosine autophosphorylation. Moreover, the importance of developing novel DYRK1A inhibitors and their implications for the treatment of diabetes are thoroughly discussed. The evolving understanding of DYRK kinase structure and function and emerging high-throughput screening technologies have been described. As a final point of this work, we intend to promote the term "diabetic kinome" as part of scientific terminology to emphasize the role of the synergistic action of multiple kinases in governing the molecular processes that underlie this particular group of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pucelik
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Agata Barzowska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Janusz M. Dąbrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Czarna
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.)
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Faarasse S, El Kazzouli S, Bourzikat O, Bourg S, Aci‐Sèche S, Bonnet P, Suzenet F, Guillaumet G. Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective C−H Arylation of 4‐Azaindazole at C3, C5 and C7 Positions. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Faarasse
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
- Euromed Research Centre, School of Engineering in Biomedical and Biotechnology Euromed University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknès 30000 Fez Morocco
| | - Saïd El Kazzouli
- Euromed Research Centre, School of Engineering in Biomedical and Biotechnology Euromed University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknès 30000 Fez Morocco
| | - Otmane Bourzikat
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
- Euromed Research Centre, School of Engineering in Biomedical and Biotechnology Euromed University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknès 30000 Fez Morocco
| | - Stéphane Bourg
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
| | - Samia Aci‐Sèche
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
| | - Pascal Bonnet
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
| | - Franck Suzenet
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
| | - Gérald Guillaumet
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
- Euromed Research Centre, School of Engineering in Biomedical and Biotechnology Euromed University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknès 30000 Fez Morocco
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35
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Design, Radiosynthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation in Mice of a Brain-Penetrant 18F-Labelled σ 2 Receptor Ligand. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115447. [PMID: 34064122 PMCID: PMC8196714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The σ2 receptor (transmembrane protein 97), which is involved in cholesterol homeostasis, is of high relevance for neoplastic processes. The upregulated expression of σ2 receptors in cancer cells and tissue in combination with the antiproliferative potency of σ2 receptor ligands motivates the research in the field of σ2 receptors for the diagnosis and therapy of different types of cancer. Starting from the well described 2-(4-(1H-indol-1-yl)butyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline class of compounds, we synthesized a novel series of fluorinated derivatives bearing the F-atom at the aromatic indole/azaindole subunit. RM273 (2-[4-(6-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1-yl)butyl]-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) was selected for labelling with 18F and evaluation regarding detection of σ2 receptors in the brain by positron emission tomography. Initial metabolism and biodistribution studies of [18F]RM273 in healthy mice revealed promising penetration of the radioligand into the brain. Preliminary in vitro autoradiography on brain cryosections of an orthotopic rat glioblastoma model proved the potential of the radioligand to detect the upregulation of σ2 receptors in glioblastoma cells compared to healthy brain tissue. The results indicate that the herein developed σ2 receptor ligand [18F]RM273 has potential to assess by non-invasive molecular imaging the correlation between the availability of σ2 receptors and properties of brain tumors such as tumor proliferation or resistance towards particular therapies.
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36
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Nishi T, Mishima N, Kato H, Yamada K. Syntheses of Heterocycle-2,3-Fused Indoline and Azaindoline Derivatives. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWe describe a practical method for synthesizing heterocycle-2,3-fused indoline or azaindoline derivatives through haloetherification and cyclization. We applied this method in syntheses of six- to eight-membered heterocycle-2,3-fused indoline and azaindoline derivatives. These derivatives, which contain sp3-hybridized carbons, might be useful as new scaffolds in medicinal chemistry.
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37
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Rodriguez‐Oliva I, Losada‐Garcia N, Santos AS, Marques MMB, Palomo JM. Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rodriguez‐Oliva
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Noelia Losada‐Garcia
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - A. Sofia Santos
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - M. Manuel B. Marques
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Jose M. Palomo
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain
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38
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Liu J, Jiang J, Yang Z, Zeng Q, Zheng J, Zhang S, Zheng L, Zhang SS, Liu ZQ. Rhodium(III)-catalyzed oxidative alkylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with cyclopropanols. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:993-997. [PMID: 33443262 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02323j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Rh(iii)-catalyzed C-H oxidative alkylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with cyclopropanols by merging tandem C-H and C-C cleavage was developed. This transformation features mild reaction conditions, high regioselectivity, and excellent functional group compatibility. The resulting β-aryl ketone derivatives can be readily transformed into 7-azaindole-containing π-extended polycyclic heteroarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Jinyuan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenke Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Qiaohai Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Jieying Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Siying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Liyao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Shang-Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
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39
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Elsocht M, Giron P, Maes L, Versées W, Gutierrez GJ, De Grève J, Ballet S. Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Study of Spautin-1 to Entail the Discovery of Novel NEK4 Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020635. [PMID: 33435251 PMCID: PMC7827406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers accounting for the highest number of cancer-related deaths in the world. Despite significant progress including targeted therapies and immunotherapy, the treatment of advanced lung cancer remains challenging. Targeted therapies are highly efficacious at prolonging life, but not curative. In prior work we have identified Ubiquitin Specific Protease 13 (USP13) as a potential target to significantly enhance the efficacy of mutant EGFR inhibition. The current study aimed to develop lead molecules for the treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by developing potent USP13 inhibitors initially starting from Spautin-1, the only available USP13 inhibitor. A SAR study was performed which revealed that increasing the chain length between the secondary amine and phenyl group and introducing a halogen capable of inducing a halogen bond at position 4' of the phenyl group, dramatically increased the activity. However, we could not confirm the binding between Spautin-1 (or its analogues) and USP13 using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) or thermal shift assay (TSA) but do not exclude binding under physiological conditions. Nevertheless, we found that the anti-proliferative activity displayed by Spautin-1 towards EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells in vitro was at least partially associated with kinase inhibition. In this work, we present N-[2-(substituted-phenyl)ethyl]-6-fluoro-4-quinazolinamines as promising lead compounds for the treatment of NSCLC. These analogues are significantly more effective towards EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells than Spautin-1 and act as potent never in mitosis A related kinase 4 (NEK4) inhibitors (IC50~1 µM) with moderate selectivity over other kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Elsocht
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Philippe Giron
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology and Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (P.G.); (J.D.G.)
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signalling (PACS), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Laila Maes
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (L.M.); (W.V.)
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wim Versées
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (L.M.); (W.V.)
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gustavo J. Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signalling (PACS), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Jacques De Grève
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology and Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (P.G.); (J.D.G.)
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-6293292
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Motati DR, Amaradhi R, Ganesh T. Recent developments in the synthesis of azaindoles from pyridine and pyrrole building blocks. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01079k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The azaindole framework is ubiquitous in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. This review highlights the synthetic approaches to azaindoles with advantages and limitations, mechanistic pathways and biological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damoder Reddy Motati
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Emory School of Medicine
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Radhika Amaradhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Emory School of Medicine
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Thota Ganesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Emory School of Medicine
- Atlanta
- USA
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41
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Bai B, Xu F, Yang J, Zhang G, Mao D, Wang N. Synthesis of 3-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrroles Catalyzed by AlCl3. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202102011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Cardoza S, Shrivash MK, Das P, Tandon V. Strategic Advances in Sequential C-Arylations of Heteroarenes. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1330-1356. [PMID: 33356264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sequence-specific C-arylation strategies have important applications in medicinal and material research. These strategies allow C-C bond formations in a regioselective manner to synthesize large molecular libraries for studying structure-activity profiles. The past decade has seen the development of single C-C bond forming reactions using various transition-metal catalysts, cryogenic metalation strategies, and metal-free methods. Sequential arylations of heterocycles allow for the formation of multiaryl derivatives and are a preferred choice over de novo synthetic routes. This perspective sheds light on recent strategic advances to develop various sequential synthetic routes for the multiarylation of heteroarenes. This perspective addresses many challenges in optimizing sequential routes with respect to catalysts, reaction parameters, and various strategies adopted to obtain diversely arylated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savio Cardoza
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Shrivash
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.,Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad 211012, India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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43
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Raina G, Kannaboina P, Ahmed QN, Mondal K, Das P. Palladium‐Catalyzed Barluenga‐Valdes Type Cross‐Coupling Reaction: Alkenylation of 7‐Azaindole
s. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Raina
- Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) Jammu 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Prakash Kannaboina
- Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) Jammu 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Qazi Naveed Ahmed
- Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) Jammu 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Krishanu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad 826004 India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad 826004 India
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44
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Mostinski Y, Heynen GJJE, López-Alberca MP, Paul J, Miksche S, Radetzki S, Schaller D, Shanina E, Seyffarth C, Kolomeets Y, Ziebart N, de Schryver J, Oestreich S, Neuenschwander M, Roske Y, Heinemann U, Rademacher C, Volkamer A, von Kries JP, Birchmeier W, Nazaré M. From Pyrazolones to Azaindoles: Evolution of Active-Site SHP2 Inhibitors Based on Scaffold Hopping and Bioisosteric Replacement. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14780-14804. [PMID: 33210922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 controls the activity of pivotal signaling pathways, including MAPK, JAK-STAT, and PI3K-Akt. Aberrant SHP2 activity leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. SHP2 signaling was recently linked to drug resistance against cancer medications such as MEK and BRAF inhibitors. In this work, we present the development of a novel class of azaindole SHP2 inhibitors. We applied scaffold hopping and bioisosteric replacement concepts to eliminate unwanted structural motifs and to improve the inhibitor characteristics of the previously reported pyrazolone SHP2 inhibitors. The most potent azaindole 45 inhibits SHP2 with an IC50 = 0.031 μM in an enzymatic assay and with an IC50 = 2.6 μM in human pancreas cells (HPAF-II). Evaluation in a series of cellular assays for metastasis and drug resistance demonstrated efficient SHP2 blockade. Finally, 45 inhibited proliferation of two cancer cell lines that are resistant to cancer drugs and diminished ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Mostinski
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Guus J J E Heynen
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Pascual López-Alberca
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jerome Paul
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Miksche
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Radetzki
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Schaller
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Shanina
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, Am Mühlenberg, 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Carola Seyffarth
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuliya Kolomeets
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nandor Ziebart
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith de Schryver
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Oestreich
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yvette Roske
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Udo Heinemann
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, Am Mühlenberg, 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andrea Volkamer
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Peter von Kries
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Walter Birchmeier
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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45
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Motati DR, Amaradhi R, Ganesh T. Azaindole therapeutic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115830. [PMID: 33161343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Azaindole structural framework is an integral part of several biologically active natural and synthetic organic molecules; and several FDA approved drugs for various diseases. In the last decade, quite a number of literature reports appeared describing the pharmacology, biological activity and therapeutic applications of a variety of azaindole molecules. This prompted the organic and medicinal chemistry community to develop novel synthetic methods for various azaindoles and test them for a bioactivity against a variety of biological targets. Herein, we have summarized the biological activity of therapeutically advanced clinical candidates and several preclinical candidate drugs that contain azaindole structural moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damoder Reddy Motati
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Radhika Amaradhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Thota Ganesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
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46
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Kannaboina P, Mondal K, Laha JK, Das P. Recent advances in the global ring functionalization of 7-azaindoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11749-11762. [PMID: 32935671 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04264a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 7-azaindole building block has attracted considerable interest in the field of drug discovery in the current portfolio. Because of their powerful medicinal properties, the development of synthetic, elegant techniques for the functionalization of 7-azaindoles continues to be an active area of research. Advances in metal-catalyzed chemistry have recently supported the successful development of a number of novel and effective methods for functionalization of the 7-azaindole template. This review reports state-of-the-art functionalization chemistry of 7-azaindoles with an aspiration to highlight the global ring functionalization of 7-azaindoles that are potential as pharmacophores for various therapeutic targets. Other relevant reviews focused on 7-azaindole synthesis, properties and applications have also been reported. However, none of these reviews have been dedicated to the results achieved in the field of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling/C-H bond functionalized reactions. So we wish to discuss and summarize the advances made since 2011 in this field toward 7-azaindole functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Kannaboina
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad-826004, India.
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47
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Grandjean JMD, Madhavan A, Cech L, Seguinot BO, Paxman RJ, Smith E, Scampavia L, Powers ET, Cooley CB, Plate L, Spicer TP, Kelly JW, Wiseman RL. Pharmacologic IRE1/XBP1s activation confers targeted ER proteostasis reprogramming. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:1052-1061. [PMID: 32690944 PMCID: PMC7502540 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-0584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the IRE1/XBP1s signaling arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is a promising strategy to correct defects in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis implicated in diverse diseases. However, no pharmacologic activators of this pathway identified to date are suitable for ER proteostasis remodeling through selective activation of IRE1/XBP1s signaling. Here, we use high-throughput screening to identify non-toxic compounds that induce ER proteostasis remodeling through IRE1/XBP1s activation. We employ transcriptional profiling to stringently confirm that our prioritized compounds selectively activate IRE1/XBP1s signaling without activating other cellular stress-responsive signaling pathways. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our compounds improve ER proteostasis of destabilized variants of amyloid precursor protein (APP) through an IRE1-dependent mechanism and reduce APP-associated mitochondrial toxicity in cellular models. These results establish highly selective IRE1/XBP1s activating compounds that can be widely employed to define the functional importance of IRE1/XBP1s activity for ER proteostasis regulation in the context of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M D Grandjean
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aparajita Madhavan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Cech
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bryan O Seguinot
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan J Paxman
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emery Smith
- Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Louis Scampavia
- Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Evan T Powers
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Lars Plate
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Timothy P Spicer
- Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Jeffery W Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Mahindra A, Janha O, Mapesa K, Sanchez-Azqueta A, Alam MM, Amambua-Ngwa A, Nwakanma DC, Tobin AB, Jamieson AG. Development of Potent PfCLK3 Inhibitors Based on TCMDC-135051 as a New Class of Antimalarials. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9300-9315. [PMID: 32787140 PMCID: PMC7497403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The protein kinase PfCLK3 plays a critical role in the regulation of malarial parasite RNA splicing and is essential for the survival of blood stage Plasmodium falciparum. We recently validated PfCLK3 as a drug target in malaria that offers prophylactic, transmission blocking, and curative potential. Herein, we describe the synthesis of our initial hit TCMDC-135051 (1) and efforts to establish a structure-activity relationship with a 7-azaindole-based series. A total of 14 analogues were assessed in a time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer assay against the full-length recombinant protein kinase PfCLK3, and 11 analogues were further assessed in asexual 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) strains of P. falciparum parasites. SAR relating to rings A and B was established. These data together with analysis of activity against parasites collected from patients in the field suggest that TCMDC-135051 (1) is a promising lead compound for the development of new antimalarials with a novel mechanism of action targeting PfCLK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Mahindra
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University
Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Omar Janha
- Centre
for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Davidson Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Kopano Mapesa
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University
Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Ana Sanchez-Azqueta
- Centre
for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Davidson Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Mahmood M. Alam
- Wellcome
Centre for Integrative Parasitology and Centre for Translational Pharmacology,
Institute of Infection Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, U.K.
| | - Alfred Amambua-Ngwa
- MRC
Unit The Gambia at LSHTM, Atlantic Boulevard,
Fajara, P. O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Davis C. Nwakanma
- MRC
Unit The Gambia at LSHTM, Atlantic Boulevard,
Fajara, P. O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Andrew B. Tobin
- Centre
for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Davidson Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Andrew G. Jamieson
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University
Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
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49
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Santos AS, Martins MM, Mortinho AC, Silva AM, Marques MMB. Exploring the reactivity of halogen-free aminopyridines in one-pot palladium-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling/C–H functionalization. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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50
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Xun Q, Wang Z, Hu X, Ding K, Lu X. Small-Molecule CSF1R Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3944-3966. [PMID: 31215373 DOI: 10.2174/1573394715666190618121649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Persuasive evidence has been presented linking the infiltration of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) with the driving force of tumorigenesis and in the suppression of antitumor immunity. In this context CSF1R, the cellular receptor for Colony Stimulating Factor-1 (CSF1) and Interleukin 34 (IL-34), occupies a central role in manipulating the behavior of TAMs and the dysregulation of CSF1R signaling has been implicated in cancer progression and immunosuppression in many specific cancers. Consequently, CSF1R kinase has been a target of great interest in cancer treatment and significant research efforts have focused on the development of smallmolecule CSF1R inhibitors. In this review, we highlight current progress on the development of these small molecule CSF1R inhibitors as anticancer agents. Special attention is paid to the compounds available in advanced clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Xun
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xianglong Hu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ke Ding
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
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