1
|
Keshavarzi Z, Amiresmaili S, Nazari M, Jafari E, Chahkandi M, Sindhu RK. Synergistic effects of auraptene and 17-β estradiol on traumatic brain injury treatment: oxidant/antioxidant status, inflammatory cytokines and pathology. Int J Neurosci 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37815366 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2269478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite significant advances that have been made in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI), it remains a global health issue. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of 17-β estradiol (E2) and auraptene (AUR) on TBI treatment. METHODS In total, 70 adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into ten main groups: Sham, TBI, TBI + DMSO, TBI + AUR (4 mg/kg), TBI + AUR (8 mg/kg), TBI + AUR (25 mg/kg), TBI + E2 group, TBI + AUR (4 mg/kg) + E2 group, TBI + AUR (8 mg/kg) + E2 group and TBI + AUR (25 mg/kg) + E2 group. Diffuse TBI was caused by the Marmarou process in male rats. The brain's tissues were harvested to check the parameters of oxidative stress and levels of inflammatory cytokine. RESULTS The finding revealed that TBI induced a significant increase in brain edema, pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidant levels [MDA and NO], and also a decrease in the brain's antioxidant biomarkers [GPx, SOD]. We also found that E2 and AUR (25 mg/kg) significantly preserved the levels of these biomarkers. The combination of AUR concentrations and E2 showed that this treatment efficiently preserved the levels of these biomarkers. Furthermore, the combination of E2 and AUR (25 mg/kg) c could cause the most effective synergistic interaction. CONCLUSION AUR could act synergistically with E2 to treat brain injury complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakieh Keshavarzi
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Nazari
- College of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Chahkandi
- Department of Physiology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Rakesh K Sindhu
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abbasinezhad-Moud F, Mirzavi F, Rakhshandeh H, Mohebbati R, Forouzanfar F, Jalili-Nik M, Azadi N, Sanati M, Afshari AR, Soukhtanloo M. The Effects of Urolithin B and Auraptene on Quinolinic Acid-induced Toxicity in the SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Line. Altern Lab Anim 2023; 51:30-38. [PMID: 36550678 DOI: 10.1177/02611929221146752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The pathological accumulation of quinolinic acid (QA) is often associated with neuritis and neuronal cell death in several neurodegenerative diseases, through the overproduction of free radicals. Urolithin B and auraptene have been reported to exert potent antioxidant effects - however, little is known about the protective effects of these compounds against QA-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the in vitro protective effects of urolithin B and auraptene against QA-induced neurotoxicity in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. The MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability, and flow cytometry was carried out to evaluate effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis. The intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also determined. Our findings showed that auraptene at non-toxic concentrations had no protective effect on QA-induced toxicity. However, urolithin B at concentrations of 0.6 μM and 2.5 μM enhanced the viability of cells treated with QA. Moreover, while the percentage of apoptotic cells (i.e. in the sub-G1 phase) was shown to significantly increase after QA treatment, pre-treatment with urolithin B reduced the number of these apoptotic cells. Furthermore, urolithin B, as an antioxidant, also significantly reduced QA-induced ROS production. Our findings suggest that urolithin B may possess potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects against QA-induced neurotoxicity that merit further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Abbasinezhad-Moud
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, 125609Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Mohebbati
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, 48441Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nadia Azadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 125609Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 196469North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sunagawa Y, Kawaguchi S, Miyazaki Y, Katanasaka Y, Funamoto M, Shimizu K, Shimizu S, Hamabe-Horiike T, Kawase Y, Komiyama M, Mori K, Murakami A, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Auraptene, a citrus peel-derived natural product, prevents myocardial infarction-induced heart failure by activating PPARα in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154457. [PMID: 36223697 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auraptene derived from the peel of Citrus hassaku possesses anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. Thus, it could be a valuable pharmacological alternative to treat some diseases. However, the therapeutic value of auraptene for heart failure (HF) is unknown. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS In cultured cardiomyocytes from neonatal rats, the effect of auraptene on phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic responses and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα)-dependent gene transcriptions. To investigate whether auraptene prevents the development of heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI) in vivo, Sprague-Dawley rats with moderate MI (fractional shortening < 40%) were randomly assigned for treatment with low- or high-dose auraptene (5 or 50 mg/kg/day, respectively) or vehicle for 6 weeks. The effects of auraptene were evaluated by echocardiography, histological analysis, and the measurement of mRNA levels of hypertrophy, fibrosis, and PPARα-associated genes. RESULTS In cultured cardiomyocytes, auraptene repressed phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic responses, such as increases in cell size and activities of atrial natriuretic factor and endothelin-1 promoters. Auraptene induced PPARα-dependent gene activation by enhancing cardiomyocyte peroxisome proliferator-responsive element reporter activity. The inhibition of PPARα abrogated the protective effect of auraptene on phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic responses. In rats with MI, auraptene significantly improved MI-induced systolic dysfunction and increased posterior wall thickness compared to the vehicle. Auraptene treatment also suppressed MI-induced increases in myocardial cell diameter, perivascular fibrosis, and expression of hypertrophy and fibrosis response markers at the mRNA level compared with vehicle treatment. MI-induced decreases in the expression of PPARα-dependent genes were improved by auraptene treatment. CONCLUSIONS Auraptene has beneficial effects on MI-induced cardiac hypertrophy and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in rats, at least partly due to PPARα activation. Further clinical studies are required to evaluate the efficacy of auraptene in patients with HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Katanasaka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan
| | - Masafumi Funamoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kana Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Toshihide Hamabe-Horiike
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuto Kawase
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Maki Komiyama
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan; Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - Akira Murakami
- School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Galluzzi S, Zanardini R, Ferrari C, Gipponi S, Passeggia I, Rampini M, Sgrò G, Genovese S, Fiorito S, Palumbo L, Pievani M, Frisoni GB, Epifano F. Cognitive and biological effects of citrus phytochemicals in subjective cognitive decline: a 36-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr J 2022; 21:64. [PMID: 36253765 PMCID: PMC9575277 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Auraptene (AUR) and naringenin (NAR) are citrus-derived phytochemicals that influence several biological mechanisms associated with cognitive decline, including neuronal damage, oxidative stress and inflammation. Clinical evidence of the efficacy of a nutraceutical with the potential to enhance cognitive function in cohorts at risk of cognitive decline would be of great value from a preventive perspective. The primary aim of this study is to determine the cognitive effects of a 36-week treatment with citrus peel extract standardized in levels of AUR and NAR in older adults experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD). The secondary aim is to determine the effects of these phytochemicals on blood-based biomarkers indicative of neuronal damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Methods Eighty older persons with SCD will be recruited and randomly assigned to receive the active treatment (400 mg of citrus peel extract containing 0.1 mg of AUR and 3 mg of NAR) or the placebo at a 1:1 ratio for 36 weeks. The primary endpoint is a change in the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status score from baseline to weeks 18 and 36. Other cognitive outcomes will include changes in verbal and nonverbal memory, attention, executive and visuospatial functions. Blood samples will be collected from a consecutive subsample of 60 participants. The secondary endpoint is a change in interleukin-8 levels over the 36-week period. Other biological outcomes include changes in markers of neuronal damage, oxidative stress, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion This study will evaluate whether an intervention with citrus peel extract standardized in levels of AUR and NAR has cognitive and biological effects in older adults with SCD, facilitating the establishment of nutrition intervention in people at risk of cognitive decline. Trial registration The trial is registered with the United States National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health Registry of Clinical Trials under the code NCT04744922 on February 9th, 2021 (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04744922).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Galluzzi
- Laboratory Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Roberta Zanardini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Clarissa Ferrari
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Gipponi
- Laboratory Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Passeggia
- Laboratory Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Rampini
- Laboratory Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sgrò
- Clinical Trial Service, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Palumbo
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michela Pievani
- Laboratory Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Epifano
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Auraptene, a Monoterpene Coumarin, Inhibits LTA-Induced Inflammatory Mediators via Modulating NF- κB/MAPKs Signaling Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5319584. [PMID: 34824589 PMCID: PMC8610650 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5319584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective Oxidative stress-mediated inflammatory events involve in the progress of several diseases such as asthma, cancers, and multiple sclerosis. Auraptene (AU), a natural prenyloxycoumarin, possesses numerous pharmacological activities. Here, the anti-inflammatory effects of AU were investigated in lipoteichoic acid- (LTA-) induced macrophage cells (RAW 264.7). Methods The expression of cyclooxygenase (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, p38 MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), heme oxygenase (HO-1), p65, and IκBα were all identified by western blotting assay. The level of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by spectrometer analysis. The nuclear translocation of p65 nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was assessed by the confocal microscopic staining method. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed to perceive the activity of antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT). Results AU expressively reduced NO production and COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1 β, and iNOS expression in LTA-stimulated cells. AU at higher concentration (10 µM) inhibited ERK and JNK, but not p38 phosphorylation induced by LTA. Moreover, AU blocked IκB and p65 phosphorylation, and p65 nuclear translocation. However, AU pretreatment was not effective on antioxidant HO-1 expression, CAT activity, and reduced glutathione (GSH, a nonenzymatic antioxidant), in LTA-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion The findings of this study advocate that AU shows anti-inflammatory effects via reducing NF-κB/MAPKs signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
6
|
Keshavarzi Z, Amiresmaili S, Shahrokhi N, Bibak B, Shakeri F. Neuroprotective effects of auraptene following traumatic brain injury in male rats: The role of oxidative stress. Brain Res Bull 2021; 177:203-209. [PMID: 34624461 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is widely acknowledged as a significant risk factor for death and disability. Our goal in this experiment was to see if Auraptene (AUR) could help rats recover from TBI-induced disability by measuring of oxidative stress parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of six groups: sham, TBI, Vehicle (DMSO), TBI+ AUR (4 mg/kg), TBI + AUR (8 mg/kg), TBI + AUR (25 mg/kg). The animals were anesthetized. After that, diffuse TBI was done by Marmarou model in male rats. Then, the brain tissues were harvested. Some of oxidative stress parameters, and TNFα levels were evaluated. RESULTS TBI-induced brain damage was significantly inhibited by AUR (25 mg/kg), as evidenced by decreased Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Nitric Oxide (NO) levels, oxidative stress inhibition and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the brain. CONCLUSION This study showed that probably the AUR prevents complications of TBI through decreases in brain edema, modulating oxidative stress, and reductions in the levels of inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakieh Keshavarzi
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Department of Physiology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Nader Shahrokhi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bahram Bibak
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Department of Physiology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Farzane Shakeri
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Department of Physiology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shirani K, Iranshahi M, Askari VR, Gholizadeh Z, Zadeh AA, Zeinali M, Hassani FV, Taherzadeh Z. Comparative evaluation of the protective effects of oral administration of auraptene and umbelliprenin against CFA-induced chronic inflammation with polyarthritis in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111635. [PMID: 34243601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Auraptene (AUR) and Umbelliprenin (UMB) in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) induced by using complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Paw swelling of adjuvant arthritis rats measured at various times after CFA injection. Over 15 days of RA induction, mediator/cytokine-mediated processes involved in managing the regulation and resolving RA's inflammation were also quantified with ELISA. Histopathological changes were also assessed under a microscope 15 days after the CFA injection. AUR at all doses and UMB administration only at a 16 mM /kg administration dose significantly reduced CFA-induced paw edema level compared to the control group. UMB (64 and 32 mM) and AUR (64, 32, and 16 mM) could reduce the PGE2 (p < .0001-.01) and NO (p < .0001-.05) levels in the treatment groups compared to the negative control group. However, these compounds showed no significant effect on the TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10 levels than the control group (p > .05). Unlike indomethacin and prednisolone, treatment of rats with AUR (16, 32, and 64 mM/kg) and UMB (16 and 32 mM/kg) reduced the level of IL-2 (p < .0001). In all treatment groups, the serum level of IL-17 was significantly reduced compared to the CFA group (p < .001-0.05). We suggested AUR and UMB could diminish inflammation by reducing the serum level of IL-17 and could be considered a proper alternative in the treatment of IL-17 related inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Given that AUR and UMB apply their anti-inflammatory effects by changing distinct cytokine release/inhibition patterns, their potential application in diverse inflammatory diseases seems different.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Shirani
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholizadeh
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Armin Attaran Zadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicines, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Zeinali
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Zhila Taherzadeh
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Furukawa Y. [Search for Neuroprotective Compounds -From 4-Methycatechol to Citrus Compounds]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:67-79. [PMID: 33390450 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the 1980s, the authors developed the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system for mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) to clarify its important physiological roles. Our EIA system was a new and powerful tool for measurement of extremely low levels of NGF in vitro and in vivo, and it contributed to investigation into the regulatory mechanism of NGF synthesis. After that, we demonstrated that the compounds with a low molecular weight, such as 4-methylcatechol, which elicit stimulatory activity toward NGF synthesis, were useful and practical for therapeutic purposes; as NGF has potent activity on neuronal degeneration in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system. Since 2008, we have been searching for and isolating neuroprotective component(s) from citrus peels. As a result, our study revealed that 1) 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF) has neuroprotective ability in the CNS by inducing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and by suppressing inflammation; 2) auraptene (AUR) also has neuroprotective ability in the CNS by suppressing inflammation and by probably inducing neurotrophic factor(s). As the content of AUR in the peels of Kawachi Bankan is exceptionally high, 1) we found this peel powder to exert neuroprotective effects in the brain of various pathological model mice; 2) some of the AUR transited from the peel to the juice during the squeezing process to obtain the juice. Therefore, K. Bankan juice, which is enriched in AUR by adding peel paste to the raw juice, was shown to be practical for suppression of cognitive dysfunction of aged healthy volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Arabi M, Nasab SH, Lorigooini Z, Boroujeni SN, Mortazavi SM, Anjomshoa M, Amini-Khoei H. Auraptene exerts protective effects on maternal separation stress-induced changes in behavior, hippocampus, heart and serum of mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 93:107436. [PMID: 33556667 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress is associated with various complications. Auraptene has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to assess the probable underlying mechanisms that mediate changes in the behavior, hippocampus, heart and serum in the mouse model of maternal separation (MS) stress. We evaluated the possible protective effects of auraptene in these changes focusing on inflammatory response and oxidative state. Mice were treated with auraptene (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg). In addition, anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated using behavioral tests; including open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM). Hippocampus and heart samples were assessed histopathologically. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant capacity, as well as nitrite levels, were measured in serum, heart, and hippocampal tissues. Moreover, gene expression of inflammatory markers (Il-1β and Tlr-4) was evaluated in the heart and hippocampus. Results showed that auraptene reversed the negative effects of MS on behavior (increased time spent in central zone of the OFT and time and entries to the open arms of the EPM). Auraptene mitigated adverse effects of MS on the hippocampus (increased diameter and decreased percentage of dark neurons in the CA3 area). Accordingly, auraptene decreased MDA and nitrite levels and increased the antioxidant capacity in serum, and hippocampal samples. However, we observed different effects for different doses of auraptene in the heart samples. We concluded that MS is associated with anxiety-like behavior and cellular/molecular modifications in the heart, hippocampus and serum. We found that auraptene exerted protective effects against these negative effects of MS in mouse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Arabi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shohreh Hosseini Nasab
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shakiba Nasiri Boroujeni
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohsen Mortazavi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Maryam Anjomshoa
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Furukawa Y, Okuyama S, Amakura Y, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Yoshimura M, Igase M, Fukuda N, Tamai T, Yoshida T. Isolation and Characterization of Neuroprotective Components from Citrus Peel and Their Application as Functional Food. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:2-10. [PMID: 33390517 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The elderly experience numerous physiological alterations. In the brain, aging causes degeneration or loss of distinct populations of neurons, resulting in declining cognitive function, locomotor capability, etc. The pathogenic factors of such neurodegeneration are oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, reduced energy homeostatis, decreased levels of neurotrophic factor, etc. On the other hand, numerous studies have investigated various biologically active substances in fruit and vegetables. We focused on the peel of citrus fruit to search for neuroprotective components and found that: 1) 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF) and auraptene (AUR) in the peel of Kawachi Bankan (Citrus kawachiensis) exert neuroprotective effects; 2) both HMF and AUR can pass through the blood-brain barrier, suggesting that they act directly in the brain; 3) the content of AUR in the peel of K. Bankan was exceptionally high, and consequently the oral administration of the dried peel powder of K. Bankan exerts neuroprotective effects; and 4) intake of K. Bankan juice, which was enriched in AUR by adding peel paste to the raw juice, contributed to the prevention of cognitive dysfunction in aged healthy volunteers. This review summarizes our studies in terms of the isolation/characterization of HMF and AUR in K. Bankan peel, analysis of their actions in the brain, mechanisms of their actions, and trials to develop food that retains their functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Okuyama S, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. [The Search for Citrus Components with Neuroprotective and Anti-dementia Effects in the Mouse Brain]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:819-824. [PMID: 34078788 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan), is a citrus species grown in Ehime, Japan, and its peel is abundant in 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF). We have recently revealed that HMF, one of the citrus flavonoids, has anti-inflammatory activity and neuroprotective abilities in the brain against global cerebral ischemia. HMF rescued neuronal cell death in the hippocampus and suppressed the activation of microglia, whose activation have been shown to significantly aggravate neurological deficit scores for ischemic mice. In the Y-maze test, HMF showed protection against ischemia-induced short-term memory dysfunction; in addition, HMF enhanced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and accelerated neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Similarly, the powder of the peel of C. kawachiensis showed anti-inflammatory activity and neuroprotective abilities in the ischemic brain. To further examine the effect of the peel of C. kawachiensis, we administered it to senescence-accelerated-mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice, which show memory impairment and brain inflammation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuronal dysfunction. The C. kawachiensis treatment inhibited microglial activation and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in hippocampal neurons, and also relieved the suppression of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in SAMP8. These results suggest that HMF and the peel of C. kawachiensis have potential effects as neuroprotective and anti-dementia agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Parrella E, Gussago C, Porrini V, Benarese M, Pizzi M. From Preclinical Stroke Models to Humans: Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010085. [PMID: 33383852 PMCID: PMC7823436 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are an important family of molecules of vegetal origin present in many medicinal and edible plants, which represent important alimentary sources in the human diet. Polyphenols are known for their beneficial health effects and have been investigated for their potential protective role against various pathologies, including cancer, brain dysfunctions, cardiovascular diseases and stroke. The prevention of stroke promoted by polyphenols relies mainly on their effect on cardio- and cerebrovascular systems. However, a growing body of evidence from preclinical models of stroke points out a neuroprotective role of these molecules. Notably, in many preclinical studies, the polyphenolic compounds were effective also when administered after the stroke onset, suggesting their possible use in promoting recovery of patients suffering from stroke. Here, we review the effects of the major polyphenols in cellular and in vivo models of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in immature and adult brains. The results from human studies are also reported.
Collapse
|
13
|
Etemad L, Zamani M, Iranshahi M, Roohbakhsh A. The Protective Effect of Auraptene Against Oxidative Stress and Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Chemical Kindling in Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 18:1395-1402. [PMID: 32641949 PMCID: PMC6934955 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.1100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that some pitfalls in the treatment of epilepsy such as serious side effects of medications and drug resistance may be resolved by natural compounds. Auraptene belongs to coumarins and is found in citrus peel. We hypothesized that auraptene might have anticonvulsant properties. Kindling was induced by repeated intraperitoneal (IP) injections of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, 35 mg/kg) with two-day intervals for 24 days in male albino mice. Three groups received IP injections of auraptene (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg). Three control groups received vehicle, diazepam (3 mg/kg, IP), and vitamin E (150 mg/kg, IP). Seizure-related behaviors were recorded for 30 min after PTZ injection. Moreover, malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured in the brain. The results indicated that auraptene at the dose of 12.5 mg/kg and vitamin E significantly prolonged the latency to stage 2 of seizures (P < 0.01). Auraptene at the doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, prolonged the latency to stage 4 (P < 0.01) and reduced stage 5 duration of seizures (P < 0.01). All doses of auraptene reduced median of seizure scores (P < 0.01). The kindled control group had MDA levels similar to intact animals but had a lower concentration of GSH (P < 0.001). None of the tested compounds changed the malondialdehyde concentration significantly. However, auraptene at the dose of 50 mg/kg and vitamin E increased GSH levels (P < 0.05). The results suggest that auraptene had anticonvulsant effects in PTZ-induced chemical kindling that was mediated by mechanisms other than the antioxidant effect of auraptene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Zamani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Okuyama S, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. [Neuroprotective effects of the peel of Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan) and auraptene in the hippocampus of hyperglycemia mice and global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury mice]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2020; 155:214-219. [PMID: 32612031 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.20022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The peel of Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan), a citrus species grown in Ehime, Japan, is abundant in auraptene. Auraptene, a coumarin compound, have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects in peripheral tissues, but it was still unclear of the effect in the brain. Hyperglycemia and brain ischemia induce inflammation and oxidative stress and cause massive damage in the brain; therefore, we examined the anti-inflammatory and other effects of the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis and auraptene in a hyperglycemia and global cerebral ischemia models. The C. kawachiensis treatment inhibited astroglial activation in the hippocampus and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in hippocampal neurons, and also relieved the suppression of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the type 2 diabetic db/db mice. The C. kawachiensis treatment inhibited microglial and astroglial activation, and neuronal cell death in the hippocampus of transient global cerebral ischemia mice. It was suggested that the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in the brain. We attempted to demonstrate the effect of auraptene in the brains in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice and transient global cerebral ischemia mice. Auraptene administration showed the similar effects as the peel of C. kawachiensis in the hippocampus of these mice models. These results suggested that auraptene have potential effects as a neuroprotective agent in the peel of C. kawachiensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tan SJ, Ismail IS. Potency of Selected Berries, Grapes, and Citrus Fruit as Neuroprotective Agents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:3582947. [PMID: 32565853 PMCID: PMC7277024 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3582947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A healthy diet should nourish the brain with essential nutrients, including bioactive compounds, for normal brain functioning and to protect it from the negative effects of inflammation and oxidative stress. In this review, a concise summation of the protective effects of selected fruits, namely, berries, grapes, and citrus fruits, against neurological disorder is presented. The focus is on the neuroprotective potential of these fruits against neurodegenerative and mental disorders. The fruits selection was based on the vast reported pharmacological studies on their neuroprotection efficacies. Hence, the respective knowledge and limitations are discussed based on the biological and pharmacological evidence compiled from the previously reported laboratory, epidemiology, and intervention trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih Jen Tan
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of auraptene on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced inflammation in human lymphocytes. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:154-162. [PMID: 32166733 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is characterized as a defensive response of our body against endogenous or exogenous stimuli. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of various disorders such as asthma, cancers, and multiple sclerosis. Recently, diverse pharmacological activities of auraptene, a natural prenyloxycoumarin, were reported. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of auraptene on human isolated lymphocytes. METHOD The effects of auraptene (10, 30 and 90 μM) and dexamethasone (0.1 mM) were evaluated on cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and total glutathione content (GSH) as well as the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human lymphocytes. RESULTS Auraptene (10-90 μM) did not affect lymphocytes' viability after 48 h incubation. PHA markedly elevated ROS, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, while diminished the GSH content, and CAT and SOD activities in human lymphocytes (p < 0.001 for all cases). Treatment with auraptene (10-90 µM) significantly ameliorated ROS, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, and markedly increased GSH content, and CAT and SOD activities (p < 0.5-0.001). CONCLUSION Auraptene may possess promising healing effects in the different inflammatory disorders associated with activation of the acquired immune system such as multiple sclerosis and asthma.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abizadeh M, Novin MG, Amidi F, Ziaei SA, Abdollahifar MA, Nazarian H. Potential of Auraptene in Improvement of Oocyte Maturation, Fertilization Rate, and Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1742-1751. [PMID: 32124396 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary with poor-quality oocytes has remained problematic in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. It is well documented that the inflammation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PCOS ovaries are significantly higher than normal voluntaries. In this study, we hypothesized that auraptene (AUR), as a coumarin derivative with anti-inflammatory properties, may be effective in improvement of oocyte maturation and fertilization rate in PCOS patients. For this purpose, PCOS model was induced in NMRI mice and confirmed by ovarian histopathology observations and hormonal assays. PCOS-induced mice were administrated with AUR (PCOS-AUR) and metformin (PCOS-MET), and their effects on inflammation, apoptosis rate, oocyte maturation, and in vitro fertilization capacity were determined and compared with those normal and PCOS animals treated with sesame oil (PCOS-sesame oil) and no treatment (PCOS). Treatment with AUR and MET decreased the inflammation and apoptosis rates in PCOS mice compared with PCOS animals with no treatment. PCOS-AUR and PCOS-MET oocytes also showed higher intracellular glutathione and lower ROS concentrations compared with PCOS mice, indicating improved oocyte maturation rate. PCOS-AUR and PCOS-MET groups showed higher percentages of expansion rate and MII stage oocytes, and lower rate of abnormal oocytes compared with PCOS with no treatment. The rate of fertilization in the oocytes isolated from PCOS-AUR and PCOS-MET groups was higher than PCOS-sesame oil and PCOS groups. Our findings suggest that AUR can be considered as a potential candidate for improvement of oocyte maturation and fertilization capacity in PCOS patients, comparable to MET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Abizadeh
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Amidi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Ziaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Abdollahifar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Nazarian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Citrus Auraptene Induces Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Neuro2a Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051117. [PMID: 32138196 PMCID: PMC7179231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Our published data have indicated that 1) auraptene (AUR), a citrus ingredient, has neuroprotective effects on the mouse brain, owing to its ability to suppress inflammation, such as causing a reduction in hyperactivation of microglia and astrocytes; 2) AUR has the ability to trigger phosphorylation (activation) of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in neuronal cells; 3) AUR has the ability to induce glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) synthesis/secretion in rat C6 glioma cells. The well-established fact that the ERK-CREB pathway plays an important role in the production of neurotrophic factors, including GDNF and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), prompted us to investigate whether AUR would also have the ability to induce BDNF expression in neuronal cells. (2) Methods: Mouse neuroblastoma neuro2a cells were cultured and the effects of AUR on BDNF mRNA expression and protein content were evaluated by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. (3) Results: The levels of BDNF mRNA and secreted BDNF were significantly increased by AUR in a dose- and time-dependent manner in neuro2a cells. (4) Conclusion: The induction of BDNF in neuronal cells might be, in part, one of the mechanisms accounting for the neuroprotective effects of AUR.
Collapse
|
19
|
Furukawa Y, Hara RI, Nakaya M, Okuyama S, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M. Citrus Auraptene Induces Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in C6 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010253. [PMID: 31905925 PMCID: PMC6981972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that auraptene (AUR), a natural coumarin derived from citrus plants, exerts anti-inflammatory effects in the brain, resulting in neuroprotection in some mouse models of brain disorders. The present study showed that treatment with AUR significantly increased the release of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), in a dose- and time-dependent manner, by rat C6 glioma cells, which release was associated with increased expression of GDNF mRNA. These results suggest that AUR acted as a neuroprotective agent in the brain via not only its anti-inflammatory action but also its induction of neurotrophic factor. We also showed that (1) the AUR-induced GDNF production was inhibited by U0126, a specific inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and by H89, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA); and (2) AUR induced the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a transcription factor located within the nucleus. These results suggest that AUR-stimulated gdnf gene expression was up-regulated through the PKA/ERK/CREB pathway in C6 cells.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bibak B, Shakeri F, Barreto GE, Keshavarzi Z, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. A review of the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of auraptene. Biofactors 2019; 45:867-879. [PMID: 31424600 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing awareness in herbal medications as they are usually safe and devoid of significant adverse effects. Auraptene is a natural bioactive monoterpene coumarin ether and is consumed all over the world. There is growing evidence of the therapeutic benefits of auraptene. Auraptene, also known as auraptene and 7-geranyloxycoumarin, is a bioactive monoterpene coumarin from Rutaceae family, which is isolated from Citrus aurantium (Seville orange) and Aegle marmelos (bael fruit). Auraptene is a highly pleiotropic molecule, which can modulate intracellular signaling pathways that control inflammation, cell growth, and apoptosis. It has a potential therapeutic role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities as well as its excellent safety profile. In the present article, various pharmacological and therapeutic effects of auraptene were reviewed. Different online databases using keywords such as auraptene, therapeutic effects and pharmacological effects were searched until the end of September 2018, for this purpose. Auraptene has been suggested to be effective in the treatment of a broad range of disorders including inflammatory disorders, dysentery, wounds, scars, keloids, and pain. In addition, different studies have demonstrated that auraptene possesses numerous pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive and anti-cancer as well as neuroprotective effects. The present review provides a detailed survey of scientific researches regarding pharmacological properties and therapeutic effects of auraptene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Bibak
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Shakeri
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Zakieh Keshavarzi
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jang Y, Choo H, Lee MJ, Han J, Kim SJ, Ju X, Cui J, Lee YL, Ryu MJ, Oh ES, Choi SY, Chung W, Kweon GR, Heo JY. Auraptene Mitigates Parkinson's Disease-Like Behavior by Protecting Inhibition of Mitochondrial Respiration and Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143409. [PMID: 31336718 PMCID: PMC6679046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapeutics for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are only effective in providing relief of symptoms such as rigidity, tremors and bradykinesia, and do not exert disease-modifying effects by directly modulating mitochondrial function. Here, we investigated auraptene (AUR) as a potent therapeutic reagent that specifically protects neurotoxin-induced reduction of mitochondrial respiration and inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Further, we explored the mechanism and potency of AUR in protecting dopaminergic neurons. Treatment with AUR significantly increased the viability of substantia nigra (SN)-derived SN4741 embryonic dopaminergic neuronal cells and reduced rotenone-induced mitochondrial ROS production. By inducing antioxidant enzymes AUR treatment also increased oxygen consumption rate. These results indicate that AUR exerts a protective effect against rotenone-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage. We further assessed AUR effects in vivo, investigating tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the striatum and substantia nigra of MPTP-induced PD model mice and behavioral changes after injection of AUR. AUR treatment improved movement, consistent with the observed increase in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. These results demonstrate that AUR targets dual pathogenic mechanisms, enhancing mitochondrial respiration and attenuating ROS production, suggesting that the preventative potential of this natural compound could lead to improvement in PD-related neurobiological changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunseon Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hyosun Choo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Min Joung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jeongsu Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Xianshu Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jianchen Cui
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Yu Lim Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eung Seok Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Song-Yi Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Woosuk Chung
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and pain medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and pain medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Gi Ryang Kweon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
OKUYAMA S, KATOH M, KANZAKI T, KOTANI Y, AMAKURA Y, YOSHIMURA M, FUKUDA N, TAMAI T, SAWAMOTO A, NAKAJIMA M, FURUKAWA Y. Auraptene/Naringin-Rich Fruit Juice of Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan) Prevents Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Cell Death in Mouse Brain through Anti-Inflammatory Responses. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2019; 65:66-71. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.65.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi OKUYAMA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mako KATOH
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Tomoko KANZAKI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshimi KOTANI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiaki AMAKURA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Morio YOSHIMURA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | | | | | - Atsushi SAWAMOTO
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mitsunari NAKAJIMA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiko FURUKAWA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Haramiishi R, Yoshimura M, Okuyama S, Fukuda N, Tamai T, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y, Amakura Y. Effects of Production-line Squeezing Techniques and Heat Treatment on Functional Components of <i>Citrus kawachiensis</i> (Kawachi bankan) Fruits. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.25.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rie Haramiishi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | | | | | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Biomolecular Targets of Oxyprenylated Phenylpropanoids and Polyketides. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 108:143-205. [PMID: 30924014 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01099-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxyprenylated secondary metabolites (e.g. phenylpropanoids and polyketides) represent a rare class of natural compounds. Over the past two decades, this group of phytochemicals has become a topic of intense research activity by several teams worldwide due to their in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities, and to their great therapeutic and nutraceutical potential for the chemoprevention of acute and chronic diseases affecting humans. Such investigations have provided evidence that oxyprenylated secondary metabolites are able to interact with several biological targets at different levels accounting for their observed anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, and metabolic effects. The aim of the present contribution is to provide a detailed survey of the so far reported data on the capacities of selected oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids and polyketides to trigger receptors, enzymes, and other types of cellular factors for which they exhibit a high degree of affinity and therefore evoke specific responses. With respect to the rather small amounts of these compounds available from natural sources, their chemical synthesis is also highlighted.
Collapse
|
25
|
Okuyama S, Nakashima T, Nakamura K, Shinoka W, Kotani M, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. Inhibitory Effects of Auraptene and Naringin on Astroglial Activation, Tau Hyperphosphorylation, and Suppression of Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus of Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7080109. [PMID: 30126250 PMCID: PMC6115810 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7080109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Auraptene, a citrus-related compound, exerts anti-inflammatory effects in peripheral tissues, and we demonstrated these effects in the brains of a lipopolysaccharide-injected systemic inflammation animal model and a brain ischemic mouse model. Naringin, another citrus-related compound, has been shown to exert antioxidant effects in several animal models. Hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress and inflammation and causes extensive damage in the brain; therefore, we herein evaluated the anti-inflammatory and other effects of auraptene and naringin in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice. Both compounds inhibited astroglial activation and the hyperphosphorylation of tau at 231 of threonine in neurons, and also recovered the suppression of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in hyperglycemic mice. These results suggested that auraptene and naringin have potential effects as neuroprotective agents in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Tatsumi Nakashima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Kumi Nakamura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Wakana Shinoka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Maho Kotani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Okuyama S, Shinoka W, Nakamura K, Kotani M, Sawamoto A, Sugawara K, Sudo M, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. Suppressive effects of the peel of Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan) on astroglial activation, tau phosphorylation, and inhibition of neurogenesis in the hippocampus of type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1384-1395. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1469396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
We previously reported that the dried peel powder of Citrus kawachiensis exerted anti-inflammatory effects in the brain in several animal models. Hyperglycemia induces inflammation and oxidative stress and causes massive damage in the brain; therefore, we herein examined the anti-inflammatory and other effects of the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis in the streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia mice model and in the type 2 diabetic db/db mice model. The C. kawachiensis administration inhibited microglial activation in the hippocampus in the streptozotocin-injected mice. Moreover, The C. kawachiensis treatment inhibited astroglial activation in the hippocampus and the hyperphosphorylation of tau at 231 of threonine and 396 of serine in hippocampal neurons, and also relieved the suppression of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the db/db mice. It was suggested that the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Wakana Shinoka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kumi Nakamura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Maho Kotani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sugawara
- Department of Planning and Development, Ehime Beverage Inc. , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sudo
- Department of Planning and Development, Ehime Beverage Inc. , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Okuyama S, Yamamoto K, Mori H, Sawamoto A, Amakura Y, Yoshimura M, Tamanaha A, Ohkubo Y, Sugawara K, Sudo M, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. Neuroprotective effect of Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan) peels, a rich source of naringin, against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1216-1224. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1456320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion is known to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory responses. Numerous studies have demonstrated that naringin (NGIN) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We previously reported that Citrus kawachiensis contains a large quantity of NGIN in its peel. In the present study, we orally (p.o.) administered dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis to mice of a transient global ischemia model and found in the hippocampus region that it 1) suppressed neuronal cell death, 2) reversed the reduction in the level of phosphorylated calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, 3) had the tendency to reverse the reduction in the level of glutathione, and 4) blocked excessive activation of microglia and astrocytes. These results suggested that the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis had a neuroprotective effect against ischemic brain via anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. We also showed that these effects of the dried peel powder were more powerful than those obtained with a comparable amount of NGIN alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kana Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Mori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Arisa Tamanaha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yuu Ohkubo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sugawara
- Department of Planning and Development, Ehime Beverage Inc. , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sudo
- Department of Planning and Development, Ehime Beverage Inc. , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Matsuyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Okuyama S, Kotani Y, Yamamoto K, Sawamoto A, Sugawara K, Sudo M, Ohkubo Y, Tamanaha A, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. The peel of Citrus kawachiensis (kawachi bankan) ameliorates microglial activation, tau hyper-phosphorylation, and suppression of neurogenesis in the hippocampus of senescence-accelerated mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:869-878. [PMID: 29424280 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1433993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the dried peel powder of Citrus kawachiensis, one of the citrus products of Ehime, Japan, exerted anti-inflammatory effects in the brain of a lipopolysaccharide-injected systemic inflammation animal model. Inflammation is one of the main mechanisms underlying aging in the brain; therefore, we herein evaluated the anti-inflammatory and other effects of the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis in the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) model. The C. kawachiensis treatment inhibited microglial activation in the hippocampus, the hyper-phosphorylation of tau at 231 of threonine in hippocampal neurons, and ameliorated the suppression of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. These results suggest that the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kotani
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Kana Yamamoto
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sugawara
- b Department of Planning and Development , Ehime Beverage Inc ., Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Masahiko Sudo
- b Department of Planning and Development , Ehime Beverage Inc ., Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Yuu Ohkubo
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Arisa Tamanaha
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Matsuyama University , Matsuyama , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gao X, Wang C, Ning C, Liu K, Wang X, Liu Z, Sun H, Ma X, Sun P, Meng Q. Hepatoprotection of auraptene from peels of citrus fruits against thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice by activating farnesoid X receptor. Food Funct 2018; 9:2684-2694. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00107c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Auraptene protects against hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
|
30
|
Fiorito S, Epifano F, Taddeo VA, Genovese S. Recent acquisitions on oxyprenylated secondary metabolites as anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 153:116-122. [PMID: 28844340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxyprenylated secondary metabolites from plants, fungi, and bacteria, and their semisynthetic derivatives have been subject of growing interest during the last decade. Such natural products in fact have been discovered as potentially novel lead compounds for a series of pharmacological activities, mainly in terms of anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory ones. Especially during the last 5 years, a wider panel of prenyloxy secondary metabolites have been investigated from chemical and biological points of view and these include benzoic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, chalcones, anthraquinones, 1,4-naphthoquinones, other than the well known oxyprenylated ferulic acid and coumarin derivatives. The aim of this comprehensive review is to focus on the anti-inflammatory properties and related mechanisms of action of selected classes of oxyprenylated naturally occurring compounds and their semisynthetic analogues covering the literature period from 2011 to 2017. In vitro and in vivo data on their pharmacological activity triggering different pathways of the overall inflammatory machinery as well as structure activity relationship acquisitions will be summarized in order to make a detailed survey of the most recent reports on the potential of the title compounds as a novel class of anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Fiorito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jeon WY, Kim OS, Seo CS, Jin SE, Kim JA, Shin HK, Kim YU, Lee MY. Inhibitory effects of Ponciri Fructus on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:384. [PMID: 28774334 PMCID: PMC5543435 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is non-cancerous condition of enlargement of the prostate, a common occurrence in older men. The immature fruits of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Rafinesque (Rutaceae), Ponciri Fructus are widely used in traditional oriental medicine for the therapy of various diseases. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of BPH. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of a Ponciri Fructus extract (PFE) on the development of BPH in a in a rat model of BPH induced by testosterone propionate (TP). Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were used as a model of BPH after its induction by daily subcutaneous injections of TP/corn oil, for a period of four weeks. PFE was administrated daily 1 h before TP/corn oil injection by oral gavage at a dose level of 200 mg/kg during the 4 weeks of TP/corn oil injections. All rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment, we measured the relative prostate weight, the levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), histological changes, activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase), and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). In addition, we also measured the inhibition (%) of 5α-reductase in the prostatic tissue. Results Our findings indicate that PFE significantly inhibited the development of BPH; decreased the relative prostate weight, the level of testosterone and DHT in serum and prostatic tissue, prostatic hyperplasia, expression of PCNA, and increased the antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, PFE showed a weak inhibitory activity on 5α-reductase. Conclusions These results suggest that PFE may be used as a therapeutic agent for BPH via antiproliferative and antioxidant effects.
Collapse
|
32
|
Li G, Gao Q, Yuan S, Wang L, Altmeyer R, Lan K, Yin F, Zou G. Characterization of three small molecule inhibitors of enterovirus 71 identified from screening of a library of natural products. Antiviral Res 2017; 143:85-96. [PMID: 28412182 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Infection with EV-A71 is more often associated with neurological complications in children and is responsible for the majority of fatalities, but currently there is no approved antiviral therapy for treatment. Here, we identified auraptene, formononetin, and yangonin as effective inhibitors of EV-A71 infection in the low-micromolar range from screening of a natural product library. Among them, formononetin and yangonin selectively inhibited EV-A71 while auraptene could inhibit viruses within the enterovirus species A. Time of addition studies showed that all the three inhibitors inhibit both attachment and postattachment step of entry. We found mutations conferring the resistance to these inhibitors in the VP1 and VP4 capsid proteins and confirmed the target residues using a reverse genetic approach. Interestingly, auraptene- and formononetin-resistant viruses exhibit cross-resistance to other inhibitors while yangonin-resistant virus still remains susceptible to auraptene and formononetin. Moreover, auraptene and formononetin, but not yangonin protected EV-A71 against thermal inactivation, indicating a direct stabilizing effect of both compounds on virion capsid conformation. Finally, neither biochanin A (an analog of formononetin) nor DL-Kavain (an analog of yangonin) exhibited anti-EV-A71 activity, suggesting the structural elements required for anti-EV-A71 activity. Taken together, these compounds could become potential lead compounds for anti-EV-A71 drug development and also serve as tool compounds for studying virus entry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shilin Yuan
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ralf Altmeyer
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Feifei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Translation Medicine Tropical Diseases, Department of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China.
| | - Gang Zou
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Revankar HM, Bukhari SNA, Kumar GB, Qin HL. Coumarins scaffolds as COX inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2017; 71:146-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
34
|
Okuyama S, Miyazaki K, Yamada R, Amakura Y, Yoshimura M, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. Permeation of Polymethoxyflavones into the Mouse Brain and Their Effect on MK-801-Induced Locomotive Hyperactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030489. [PMID: 28245567 PMCID: PMC5372505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data have indicated that citrus polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) have the ability to affect brain function. In the present study, we showed that 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxy- flavone (HMF) given intraperitoneally to mice was immediately detected in the brain and that the permeability of the brain tissues to it was significantly higher than that of other citrus PMFs (nobiletin, tangeretin, and natsudaidain). The permeation of these PMFs into the brain well correlated with their abilities to suppress MK-801-induced locomotive hyperactivity, suggesting that HMF had the ability to act directly in the brain. We also obtained data suggesting that the suppressive effect of HMF on MK-801-induced locomotive hyperactivity was mediated by phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Kohei Miyazaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Rie Yamada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Okuyama S, Semba T, Toyoda N, Epifano F, Genovese S, Fiorito S, Taddeo VA, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. Auraptene and Other Prenyloxyphenylpropanoids Suppress Microglial Activation and Dopaminergic Neuronal Cell Death in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Model of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101716. [PMID: 27763495 PMCID: PMC5085747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), hyperactivated inflammation in the brain, particularly microglial hyperactivation in the substantia nigra (SN), is reported to be one of the triggers for the delayed loss of dopaminergic neurons and sequential motor functional impairments. We previously reported that (1) auraptene (AUR), a natural prenyloxycoumain, suppressed inflammatory responses including the hyperactivation of microglia in the ischemic brain and inflamed brain, thereby inhibiting neuronal cell death; (2) 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin (7-IP), another natural prenyloxycoumain, exerted anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects against excitotoxicity; and (3) 4′-geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA), a natural prenyloxycinnamic acid, also exerted anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, using an intranigral lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD-like mouse model, we investigated whether AUR, 7-IP, and GOFA suppress microglial activation and protect against dopaminergic neuronal cell death in the SN. We successfully showed that these prenyloxyphenylpropanoids exhibited these prospective abilities, suggesting the potential of these compounds as neuroprotective agents for patients with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Semba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Nobuki Toyoda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chung MY, Shin HS, Choi DW, Shon DH. Citrus Tachibana
Leaf Extract Mitigates Symptoms of Food Allergy by Inhibiting Th2-Associated Responses. J Food Sci 2016; 81:H1537-45. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Div. of Creative Food Science for Health; Korea Food Research Inst; Seongnam 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Food Biotechnology Program; Korea Univ. of Science and Technology; Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woon Choi
- Div. of Creative Food Science for Health; Korea Food Research Inst; Seongnam 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Shon
- Food Biotechnology Program; Korea Univ. of Science and Technology; Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Richomme
- EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, Campus du vegetal, University of Angers, 49070 Beaucouzé, France.
| |
Collapse
|