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Purohit M, Gupta G, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Almalki WH, Gulati M, Kaur IP, Singh SK, Dua K. Janus kinase/signal transducers and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) and its role in Lung inflammatory disease. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 371:110334. [PMID: 36610610 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A key signaling channel for the signal transduction of several crucial cytokines implicated in sepsis is the JAK/STAT system. Once cytokines attach to the proper receptors, JAK kinases linked to them are activated and can selectively phosphorylate STATs. Activated STATs subsequently go to the nucleus, where they play a key role in the transcription of the target genes. Various biological activities use the JAK/STAT pathway, including hematopoiesis, immunological modulation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. Inflammatory lung illnesses affect people worldwide and are a serious public health concern. Numerous common respiratory conditions, such as asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute respiratory distress syndrome, are strongly influenced by inflammation. Microorganism infections or the destruction or demise of host cells are the causes of inflammation and the factors that perpetuate it. This review discusses the main elements of severe lung inflammation and how the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is essential for lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Purohit
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, NSW, Australia
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, NSW, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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Jian T, Chen J, Ding X, Lv H, Li J, Wu Y, Ren B, Tong B, Zuo Y, Su K, Li W. Flavonoids isolated from loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaves inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation induced by cigarette smoke in COPD mice: the role of TRPV1 signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 11:3516-3526. [PMID: 32253400 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic, progressive lung disease with few successful treatments, and is strongly associated with cigarette smoking (CS). Since the novel coronavirus has spread worldwide seriously, there is growing concern that patients who have chronic respiratory conditions like COPD can easily be infected and are more prone to having severe illness and even mortality because of lung dysfunction. Loquat leaves have long been used as an important material for both pharmaceutical and functional applications in the treatment of lung disease in Asia, especially in China and Japan. Total flavonoids (TF), the main active components derived from loquat leaves, showed remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, their protective activity against CS-induced COPD airway inflammation and oxidative stress and its underlying mechanism still remain not well-understood. The present study uses a CS-induced mouse model to estimate the morphological changes in lung tissue. The results demonstrated that TF suppressed the histological changes in the lungs of CS-challenged mice, as evidenced by reduced generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and diminished the protein expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Moreover, TF also inhibited phosphorylation of IKK, IκB and NFκB and increased p-Akt. Interestingly, TF could inhibit CS-induced oxidative stress in the lungs of COPD mice. TF treatment significantly inhibited the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, TF markedly downregulated TRPV1 and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and upregulated the expression of SOD-2, while the p-JNK level was observed to be inhibited in COPD mice. Taken together, our findings showed that the protective effect and putative mechanism of the action of TF resulted in the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress through the regulation of TRPV1 and the related signal pathway in lung tissues. It suggested that TF derived from loquat leaves could be considered to be an alternative or a new functional material and used for the treatment of CS-induced COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunyu Jian
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China. and Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ding
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Han Lv
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jiawei Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Yuexian Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Bingru Ren
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Bei Tong
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zuo
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Kelei Su
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China and Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China. and Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Seong NW, Oh WJ, Kim IS, Kim SJ, Seo JE, Park CE, Kim DY, Ko JW, Kim JC. Efficacy and local irritation evaluation of Eriobotrya japonica leaf ethanol extract. Lab Anim Res 2019; 35:4. [PMID: 31463223 PMCID: PMC6707429 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-019-0003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although Eriobotrya japonica leaves have been studied as a raw material for various cosmetic products, little is known about the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities of Eriobotrya japonica leaf ethanol extract (EJEE). Methods This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities of EJEE using different in vitro models. In addition, we investigated the potential irritation of EJEE to skin and eye using animal alternative tests. Results The total content of polyphenols, one of the active constituents of EJEE, was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and found to contain 88.68 mg tannic acid equivalent/g. EJEE showed a concentration-dependent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity, and a superoxide dismutase-like activity. The anti-inflammatory effect of 0.5% (w/v) EJEE was demonstrated by a reduction in lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in RAW 264.7 cells. EJEE also significantly inhibited melanogenesis in melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F1 cells. EJEE did not show any irritation in skin and eye in animal alternative test. Conclusions These results indicate that the EJEE possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities, while it did not induce toxicity or irritation in neither skin nor eye. Therefore, EJEE can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for skin improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak-Won Seong
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jun Oh
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Soo Kim
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Seo
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Eon Park
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Young Kim
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
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Seong NW, Seo HS, Kim JH, Kim YJ, Kim E, Lee JY, Ko JW, Kim JC. A 13-week subchronic toxicity study of an Eriobotrya japonica leaf extract in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 226:1-10. [PMID: 30048729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eriobotrya japonica leaf is widely used in traditional medicine, and exhibits various beneficial effects such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and antitumor activities. However, limited data are available on the potential adverse effects of E. japonica. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the potential subchronic toxicity of an E. japonica leaf extract (EJE) through a 13-week repeated oral dose experiment in Sprague-Dawley rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty male and 40 female rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: three treatment groups receiving 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day of EJE and a vehicle control group receiving sterile distilled water for 13 weeks. RESULTS Repeated oral administration of EJE for 13 weeks did not cause any treatment-related adverse effects with respect to clinical symptoms, body weight, food and water consumption, urinalysis, ophthalmology, necropsy findings, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ weight, and histopathological examination at any dose tested. Although some changes were observed in clinical symptoms, organ weight, hematology, and histopathology, these findings did not show a dose-response relationship and were within normal historical ranges for control rats. CONCLUSION Under the present experimental conditions, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of EJE was > 1000 mg/kg/day in both sexes and no target organs were identified. The results suggest that the EJE is a safe traditional medicine for clinical applications at proper dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak-Won Seong
- Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute (KTR), 12-67 Sandan-gil, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58141, Republic of Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Sik Seo
- Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute (KTR), 12-67 Sandan-gil, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Kim
- Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute (KTR), 12-67 Sandan-gil, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Kim
- Korea INS Pharm Research Institute, 72 Dongnonggong-gil, Dong-myeon, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58143, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kim
- Korea INS Pharm Research Institute, 72 Dongnonggong-gil, Dong-myeon, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58143, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yeol Lee
- Korea INS Pharm Research Institute, 72 Dongnonggong-gil, Dong-myeon, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58143, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Hepatoprotective Effect of Loquat Leaf Flavonoids in PM 2.5-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Regulation of IRs-1/Akt and CYP2E1/JNK Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103005. [PMID: 30275422 PMCID: PMC6213634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient air particulate matter (PM) represents a class of heterogeneous substances present in polluted air, which contains many harmful components. Exposure to ambient particulate matter in fine rages (PM2.5) is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Loquat Leaf possesses pharmacological actions on NAFLD. As the main biological active ingredients, the potential therapeutic role of total flavonoids (TF) isolated from Loquat Leaf in PM2.5-induced NAFLD model remains unclear. The present study was designed to explore the hepatoprotective effect of TF in PM2.5-induced NAFLD mice with its related mechanisms of action. Mice were exposed to PM2.5 to induce NAFLD, and body weight, the ratio of liver to body weight, and blood lipids increased significantly compared with the control group. It was found that TF significantly reduced the above parameters in PM2.5-induced NAFLD mice. TF treatment alleviated oxidative stress by preventing the accumulation of oxidative product malondialdehyde (MDA) and by strengthening the anti-oxidative capacity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). TF was also found to reduce the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in the PM2.5 group. In addition, TF repaired the PM2.5-induced decline of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRs-1) and protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation. Meanwhile, the data showed TF suppressed the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1) and the phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in PM2.5-induced NAFLD. Taken together, these findings show that TF alleviate PM2.5-induced NAFLD via regulation of IRs-1/Akt and CYP2E1/JNK pathways, which may have potential for further development as novel therapeutic agents for NAFLD.
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Mansoor KA, Qadan F, Schmidt M, Qinna NA, Badr M, Matalka KZ. A Functional Food Mixture "Protector" Reinforces the Protective Immune Parameters against Viral Flu Infection in Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060743. [PMID: 29890620 PMCID: PMC6024812 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Viral influenza infection causes serious health issues especially when an outbreak occurs. Although influenza virus vaccines are available and each year manufactures modify the vaccine depending on the expected mutated strain, it is still far from satisfactory, mainly in young children and older adults. Therefore, a product that can support and shape the immune system to protect against viral flu infections is highly essential. Methods: A functional food water-soluble mixture of pomegranate, red grape, dates, olive fruit, figs, and ginger extracts, termed herein “Protector”, was prepared and tested in stimulating/modulating the production of specific cytokines, and hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) antibodies following viral flu vaccination in mice. Results: A single intraperitoneal or multiple oral administration for 1–7 days of “Protector” significantly increased the production of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-12 in blood, spleen, and lungs of mice. When “Protector” was orally administered for one week following a single vaccine injection (primary immunization) or for two weeks (one week apart) following double vaccine injections (secondary immunization), mice significantly produced higher titers of HAI antibodies. This increase in HAI antibodies was associated with Pillow-inducing significant and different changes in vaccine-induced IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6 and IL-22 following primary and secondary immunizations. Conclusions: “Protector” administration reinforces the protective immune parameters against viral flu infection. Therefore, after performing preclinical toxicology studies and ensuring its safety, “Protector” should be considered a potential product to be tested in clinical trials to conclude its efficacy in reducing the devastating effects of flu infection in humans and its outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza A Mansoor
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Fadi Qadan
- Herbresearch Germany, Wartbergweg 15, D-86874 Mattsies, Germany.
| | - Mathias Schmidt
- Herbresearch Germany, Wartbergweg 15, D-86874 Mattsies, Germany.
| | - Nidal A Qinna
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), Amman, Jordan.
| | - Mujtaba Badr
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), Amman, Jordan.
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Yang W, Wang Q, Xu K, Yin Y, Bao H, Li X, Niu L, Chen S. Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution by Eriobotrya Japonica Thunb. Leaf Extract: Electrochemical Study. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10080956. [PMID: 28812993 PMCID: PMC5578322 DOI: 10.3390/ma10080956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradable inhibitors, which could effectively reduce the rate of corrosion of carbon steel, were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The mixed-type inhibitors extracted from Eriobotrya japonica Thunb. leaf exhibited excellent inhibition performance, and the inhibition efficiency for carbon steel reached 90.0% at 298 K in hydrochloric acid. Moreover, the adsorption mechanism of the inhibitors on a carbon steel surface is described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Simultaneously, the corrosion morphology of the carbon steel and the inhibitor structure were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Qihui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Ke Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Yanjun Yin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Hebin Bao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Xueming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Lidan Niu
- Chongqing Institute for food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China.
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Chongqing Institute for food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China.
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Cao J, Peng LQ, Xu JJ. Microcrystalline cellulose based matrix solid phase dispersion microextration for isomeric triterpenoid acids in loquat leaves by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1472:16-26. [PMID: 27776775 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An analytical procedure based on matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) microextration and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of isomeric triterpenoid acids (maslinic acid, corosolic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid) in loquat leaves. Microcrystalline cellulose was used for the first time as a solid sorbent in MSPD microextration. Compared with the traditional extraction methods, the proposed method possessed the advantages of shorter extraction time, and lower consumption of sample, sorbent and organic solvent. The MSPD parameters that influenced the extraction efficiency of isomeric analytes were investigated and optimized in detail. Under the optimized conditions, good linearity was obtained with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9990. The limits of detection and quantification were 19.6-51.6μg/kg and 65.3-171.8μg/kg, respectively. Meanwhile, the recoveries obtained for all the analytes were ranging from 90.1% to 107.5%. Finally, the optimized method was successfully applied for analyzing these isomeric acids in loquat leaves samples obtained from different cultivated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
| | - Li-Qing Peng
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
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