1
|
Li S, Nakahara S, Adachi T, Murata T, Takaishi K, Ema T. Skeletal Formation of Carbocycles with CO 2: Selective Synthesis of Indolo[3,2- b]carbazoles or Cyclophanes from Indoles, CO 2, and Phenylsilane. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14935-14941. [PMID: 38722086 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The catalytic reactions of indoles with CO2 and phenylsilane afforded indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles, where the fused benzene ring was constructed by forming two C-H bonds and four C-C bonds with two CO2 molecules via deoxygenative conversions. Nine-membered cyclophanes made up of three indoles and three CO2 molecules were also obtained, where the cyclophane framework was constructed by forming six C-H bonds and six C-C bonds. These multicomponent cascade reactions giving completely different carbocycles were switched simply by choosing the solvent, acetonitrile or ethyl acetate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shoko Nakahara
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Taishin Adachi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takumi Murata
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuto Takaishi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li J, Sun X, Dmitrieva E, Israel N, Wu F, Yang L, Liu R, Feng X, Plietker B. Tosylazide as N1-Synthon: Iron-Catalyzed Nitrogenative Dimerization of Indoles to p-Bisindolopyrazine Derivatives. Org Lett 2024; 26:1046-1050. [PMID: 38294841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
We present a straightforward one-step process to access a range of novel p-diindolepyrazines via an unprecedented [n-Bu4N][Fe(CO)3(NO)] (TBA[Fe])-catalyzed intermolecular nitrogenative dimerization of various indole derivatives. Remarkably, tosylazide functions as a N1-synthon forming the central pyrazine unit that joins the two indole subunits. The catalytic transformation shows a good substrate scope, and the obtained products show interesting electronic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Li
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, DE-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, DE-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, DE-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Noel Israel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, DE-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fupeng Wu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, DE-01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Lin Yang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, DE-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Renxiang Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, DE-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, DE-01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Bernd Plietker
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, DE-01069 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh G, Sharma S, Pandey R, Rekha, Vijaya Anand R. Construction of heterocycle-fused tetrahydrocarbazoles through a formal [3 + 3]-annulation of 2-indolylmethanols with para-quinone methides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2493-2498. [PMID: 36880335 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00124e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free approach for the synthesis of tetrahydroindolo[2,3-b]carbazoles has been developed through an acid-mediated one-pot [3 + 3]-annulation of 2-indolylmethanols and 3-indolyl-substituted para-quinone methides. This operationally simple protocol allowed us to prepare many unsymmetrical tetrahydroindolo[2,3-b]carbazoles in good to excellent yields with a broad substrate scope. This concept was also elaborated to the synthesis of tetrahydrothieno[2,3-b]carbazoles and tetrahydrothieno[3,2-b]carbazoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab - 140306, India.
| | - Sonam Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab - 140306, India.
| | - Rajat Pandey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab - 140306, India.
| | - Rekha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab - 140306, India.
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab - 140306, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Heckershoff R, Eberle L, Richert N, Delavier C, Bruckschlegel M, Schäfer MR, Krämer P, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Hashmi ASK. Versatile access to nitrogen-rich π-extended indolocarbazoles via a Pictet–Spengler approach. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A bidirectional Pictet-Spengler Reaction allows easy access to nitrogen-rich aromatics with seven fused rings. Photophysical measurements and computational methods show significant differences to parent N-heteropolycycles with fewer nitrogen atoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Heckershoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Eberle
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nick Richert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Delavier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Bruckschlegel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz R. Schäfer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Krämer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heckershoff R, Schnitzer T, Diederich T, Eberle L, Krämer P, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Hashmi ASK. Efficient Synthesis of Dipyrrolobenzenes and Dipyrrolopyrazines via Bidirectional Gold Catalysis: a Combined Synthetic and Photophysical Study. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8306-8316. [PMID: 35471963 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
New N-heterocyclic fluorophores are sought-after compounds for organic electronic devices. Here, we report on a straightforward synthesis to access meta/para-dipyrrolobenzenes and para-dipyrrolopyrazines in high yields using a bidirectional gold-catalyzed cyclization strategy. The versatility of our reaction protocol was showcased by preparing dipyrroloarenes with different substituents, various functional groups, and in a multitude of substitution patterns. Furthermore, we showed that the dipyrroloarenes can be post-modified by N-alkylation to improve the solubility or bromination to yield precursors for further derivatization via cross-coupling. Investigation of the photophysical properties of the─mostly unprecedented─dipyrroloarenes identified strong blue emitters such as the diphenyl meta-dipyrrolobenzene with a quantum yield of 98%. Moreover, we showed that changes in the solvent polarity or interactions with Lewis acids such as borane can be used to fine-tune the photophysical properties of the fluorophores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Heckershoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Schnitzer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Diederich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Eberle
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Krämer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bera A, Ali SA, Saha A, Samanta S. Neat synthesis of c-fused pyrroles and its application to macrolactamization. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1939054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, India
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sk Asraf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Badía-Domínguez I, Peña-Álvarez M, Wang D, Pérez Guardiola A, Vida Y, Rodríguez González S, López Navarrete JT, Hernández Jolín V, Sancho García JC, García Baonza V, Nash R, Hartl F, Li H, Ruiz Delgado MC. Dynamic Covalent Properties of a Novel Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole Diradical. Chemistry 2021; 27:5509-5520. [PMID: 33474741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and properties of a dicyanomethylene-substituted indolo[3,2-b]carbazole diradical ICz-CN. This quinoidal system dimerises almost completely to (ICz-CN)2 , which contains two long C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) σ-bonds between the dicyanomethylene units. The minor open-shell ICz-CN component in the solid-state mixture was identified by EPR spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible spectroelectrochemical data, as well as comparison with reference monomer ICz-Br reveal that the nature of the one-electron oxidation of (ICz-CN)2 at ambient temperature and ICz-CN at elevated temperature is very similar in all these compounds due to the prevailing localization of their HOMO on the ICz backbone. The peculiar cathodic behaviour reflects the co-existence of (ICz-CN)2 and ICz-CN. The involvement of the dicyanomethylene groups stabilizes the close-lying LUMO and LUMO+1 of (ICz-CN)2 and especially ICz-CN compared to ICz-Br, resulting in a distinctive cathodic response at low overpotentials. Differently from neutral ICz-CN, its radical anion and dianion are remarkably stable under ambient conditions. The UV/Vis(-NIR) electronic transitions in parent (ICz-CN)2 and ICz-CN and their different redox forms have been assigned convincingly with the aid of TD-DFT calculations. The σ-bond in neutral (ICz-CN)2 is cleaved in solution and in the solid-state upon soft external stimuli (temperature, pressure), showing a strong chromism from light yellow to blue-green. Notably, in the solid state, the monomeric diradical species is predominantly formed under high hydrostatic pressure (>1 GPa).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Badía-Domínguez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miriam Peña-Álvarez
- Present address: Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & School of, Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK.,MALTA-Consolider Team, Department of Physical Chemistry I, Chemistry Faculty, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Deliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for, Organic Functional Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | | | - Yolanda Vida
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain.,Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, C/ Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sandra Rodríguez González
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan T López Navarrete
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Víctor Hernández Jolín
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan C Sancho García
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Alicante, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Valentín García Baonza
- MALTA-Consolider Team and Instituto de Geociencias IGEO (CSIC-UCM), University Complutense of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosie Nash
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
| | - František Hartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
| | - Hongxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for, Organic Functional Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - M Carmen Ruiz Delgado
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bühlmeyer A, Ehni P, Ullmann D, Frey W, Baro A, Laschat S. Synthesis and Liquid Crystalline Self‐Assembly of Concave Diindoles with a Hydropentalene Core. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bühlmeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Philipp Ehni
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Dustin Ullmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hendrich CM, Sekine K, Koshikawa T, Tanaka K, Hashmi ASK. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Gold Catalysis for Materials Science. Chem Rev 2020; 121:9113-9163. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M. Hendrich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Kohei Sekine
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Takumi Koshikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hendrich CM, Bongartz LM, Hoffmann MT, Zschieschang U, Borchert JW, Sauter D, Krämer P, Rominger F, Mulks FF, Rudolph M, Dreuw A, Klauk H, Hashmi ASK. Gold Catalysis Meets Materials Science – A New Approach to π‐Extended Indolocarbazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M. Hendrich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lukas M. Bongartz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Marvin T. Hoffmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR) Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 A 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstr. 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - James W. Borchert
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstr. 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Désirée Sauter
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Department for Cellular Biophysics Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry Department for Biophysical Chemistry University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Petra Krämer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Florian F. Mulks
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR) Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 A 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstr. 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen X, Bian Y, Mo B, Sun P, Chen C, Peng J. Copper(ii)-catalyzed synthesis of multisubstituted indoles through sequential Chan–Lam and cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions. RSC Adv 2020; 10:24830-24839. [PMID: 35517475 PMCID: PMC9055228 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04592f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from arylboronic acids and ester (Z)-3-aminoacrylates, one-pot syntheses of diverse indole-3-carboxylic esters have been described through copper(ii)-catalyzed sequential Chan–Lam N-arylation and cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reactions. The initial Chan–Lam arylation can proceed in DMF at 100 °C for 24 h to give ester (Z)-3-(arylamino)acrylate intermediates in the presence of Cu(OAc)2/tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate, a catalytic amount of myristic acid as the additive, KMnO4 and KHCO3. Sequentially, these in situ arylated intermediates can undergo an intramolecular oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling process in mixed solvents (DMF/DMSO = 2 : 1) at 130 °C to give C3-functionalized multi-substituted indole derivatives. One-pot syntheses of diverse indole-3-carboxylic esters have been described through copper(ii)-catalyzed sequential oxidative Chan–Lam N-arylation and cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Bian
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Baichuan Mo
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Peng
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Maiti
- School of Chemical SciencesNational Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)HBNIBhubaneswarPO Bhimpur-Padanpur Via Jatni District Khurda Odisha 752050 India
| | - Md Toufique Alam
- School of Chemical SciencesNational Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)HBNIBhubaneswarPO Bhimpur-Padanpur Via Jatni District Khurda Odisha 752050 India
| | - Ankita Bal
- School of Chemical SciencesNational Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)HBNIBhubaneswarPO Bhimpur-Padanpur Via Jatni District Khurda Odisha 752050 India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical SciencesNational Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)HBNIBhubaneswarPO Bhimpur-Padanpur Via Jatni District Khurda Odisha 752050 India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kazin NA, Demina NS, Irgashev RA, Zhilina EF, Rusinov GL. Modifications of 5,12-dihydroindolo[3,2-a]carbazole scaffold via its regioselective C2,9-formylation and C2,9-acetylation. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
14
|
Takase K, Noguchi K, Nakano K. Synthesis of Pyrrole-Containing Chiral Spiro Molecules and Their Optical and Chiroptical Properties. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ko Takase
- Department of Organic and Polymer Materials Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Keiichi Noguchi
- Instrumentation Analysis Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Organic and Polymer Materials Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dong J, Zhang D, Men Y, Zhang X, Hu Z, Xu X. [1 + 2 + 3] Annulation as a General Access to Indolo[3,2- b]carbazoles: Synthesis of Malasseziazole C. Org Lett 2019; 21:166-169. [PMID: 30569710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A formal [1 + 2 + 3] annulation of methyleneindolinones with o-alkenyl arylisocyanides has been developed for the general and efficient synthesis of both symmetrical and unsymmetrical indolo[3,2- b]carbazoles. The chemoselectivity of this domino reaction was tuned by a tethered alkenyl group, which enables successive formation of three new bonds and two rings from readily accessible starting materials in a single operation. Furthermore, this methodology was used as a key step in the synthesis of the alkaloid malasseziazole C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Yang Men
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Zhongyan Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Xianxiu Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Daniels M, de Jong F, Kennes K, Martín C, Hofkens J, Van der Auweraer M, Dehaen W. Promising Molecules for Optoelectronic Applications: Synthesis of 5,10-Dihydrobenzo[a
]indolo[2,3-c
]carbazoles by Scholl Reaction of 1,2-Bis(indol-2-yl)benzenes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Daniels
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Leuven Chem&Tech; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Flip de Jong
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Leuven Chem&Tech; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Koen Kennes
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Leuven Chem&Tech; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Cristina Martín
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Leuven Chem&Tech; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Leuven Chem&Tech; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Mark Van der Auweraer
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Leuven Chem&Tech; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Leuven Chem&Tech; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu F, Huang W, Yiliqi, Yang J, Gu Y. Relay Catalysis of Bismuth Trichloride and Byproduct Hydrogen Bromide Enables the Synthesis of Carbazole and Benzo[α]carbazoles from Indoles and α-Bromoacetaldehyde Acetals. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengtian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiliqi
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Irgashev RA, Steparuk AS, Rusinov GL. A new convenient synthetic route towards 2-(hetero)aryl-substituted thieno[3,2-b]indoles using Fischer indolization. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4821-4832. [PMID: 29922780 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A number of 2-(hetero)aryl-substituted thieno[3,2-b]indoles have been successfully prepared using an efficient transition-metal-free strategy, involving the Fiesselmann synthesis of methyl 5-(hetero)aryl-3-hydroxythiophene-2-carboxylates from 2-bromo-3-(hetero)arylacrylates and methyl thioglycolate, and the transformation of the synthesized 3-hydroxyesters into the corresponding thiophen-3(2H)-ones, followed by their treatment with arylhydrazines to directly form the targeted structures via Fischer indolization. At the same time, structural variety of the obtained thieno[3,2-b]indoles has been achieved due to a wide range of available starting materials, including both 2-bromo-3-(hetero)arylacrylates and arylhydrazines. In addition, two π-extended molecules, namely 1,4-bis(4H-thieno[3,2-b]indol-2-yl)benzene and 2,5-bis(4H-thieno[3,2-b]indol-2-yl)thiophene, have been synthesized in line with the current approach towards 2-(hetero)arylated thieno[3,2-b]indoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman A Irgashev
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskoy Str., 22, Ekaterinburg, 620990, Russia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li Y, Peng J, Chen X, Mo B, Li X, Sun P, Chen C. Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Multisubstituted Indoles through Tandem Ullmann-Type C-N Formation and Cross-dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5288-5294. [PMID: 29664297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multisubstituted indoles were synthesized via a one-pot tandem copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type C-N bond formation/intramolecular cross-dehydrogenative coupling process at 130 °C in DMSO. The methodology allows practical and modular assembly of indoles in good to excellent yields from readily available aryl iodides and enamines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
| | - Baichuan Mo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Khan IS, Samsonenko DG, Irgashev RA, Kazin NA, Rusinov GL, Charushin VN, Zavakhina MS, Fedin VP. Synthesis, crystal structure and fluorescent properties of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole-based metal–organic coordination polymers. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
21
|
Kroc MA, Prajapati A, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Cascade Synthesis of 3-Functionalized Indoles from Nitrones and Their Conversion to Cycloheptanone-Fused Indoles. J Org Chem 2017; 83:1085-1094. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Kroc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Ami Prajapati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Irgashev RA, Kazin NA, Rusinov GL, Charushin VN. A convenient synthesis of new 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2- b ]carbazoles bearing thiophene, 2,2′-bithiophene or 2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene units at C-2 and C-8 positions. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
23
|
Annulation of five-membered cyclic enols with 3-aryl-2 H -azirines: Catalytic versus non-catalytic cycloaddition. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
24
|
Irgashev RA, Kazin NA, Rusinov GL, Charushin VN. Nitration of 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2- b]carbazoles and synthetic applications of their nitro-substituted derivatives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1396-1406. [PMID: 28781705 PMCID: PMC5530725 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A new general approach to double nitration of 6,12-di(hetero)aryl-substituted and 6,12-unsubstituted 5,11-dialkyl-5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazoles by acetyl nitrate has been developed to obtain their 2,8-dinitro and 6,12-dinitro derivatives, respectively. A formation of mono-nitro derivatives (at C-2 or C-6) from the same indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles has also been observed in several cases. Reduction of 2-nitro and 2,8-dinitro derivatives with zinc powder and hydrochloric acid has afforded 2-amino- and 2,8-diamino-substituted indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles, while reduction of 6,12-dinitro derivatives under similar reaction conditions has been accompanied by denitrohydrogenation of the latter compounds into 6,12-unsubstituted indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles. Formylation of 6,12-dinitro derivatives has proved to occur only at C-2, while bromination of these compounds has taken place at both C-2 and C-8 of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole scaffold. Moreover, 6,12-dinitro-substituted indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles have been modified by the reactions with S- and N-nucleophiles. Notably, the treatment of 6,12-dinitro compounds with potassium thiolates has resulted in the displacement of both nitro groups, unlike potassium salts of indole or carbazole, which have caused substitution of only one nitro group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman A Irgashev
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620990, Russia.,Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia, B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| | - Nikita A Kazin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620990, Russia
| | - Gennady L Rusinov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620990, Russia.,Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia, B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| | - Valery N Charushin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620990, Russia.,Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia, B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wrobel N, Witulski B, Schollmeyer D, Detert H. 1,4,9,12-Tetramethoxy-14-octyl-5,8-dihydrodiindolo[3,2-b;2′,3′-h]carbazole with an unknown solvent. IUCRDATA 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s241431461700462x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The title compound, 2C36H39N3O4·H2O, is a linear π-conjugated ladder oligomer with an alkyl chain on the central nitrogen atom. This diindolocarbazole, prepared via a twofold Cadogan reaction, adopts a sligthly convex shape, anti to the disordered octyl group. The unit cell contains nine molecules of the title compound and half a water molecule per main molecule. The water molecule forms hydrogen bridges, connecting the carbazole-NH and methoxy groups of different molecules. The crystal contains solvent molecules which are located in a channel parallel to the c axis. It was not possible to determine the position and nature of the solvent (a mixure of choroform, n-pentane and DMSO). The SQUEEZE [Spek (2015). Acta Cryst. C71, 9–18] option of PLATON was used to model the missing electron density. The given chemical formula and other crystal data do not take into account these solvent molecules.
Collapse
|