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Javid H, Rahimian R, Salimi M, Haghani-Samani E, Farhadi M, Torkaman-Boutorabi A. Fumaria vaillantii extract protects PC12 cells against neurotoxicity induced by 6-OHDA. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:768. [PMID: 38884894 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09673-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Various mechanisms are involved in the incidence of the disease including oxidative stress. Several herbs and natural products may interfere with the oxidative-stress pathway due to their antioxidant effects. OBJECTIVE Herein, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective role of F. vaillantii extract on Parkinson's in vitro and in vivo model owing to the presence of the bioactive agents with antioxidant properties. METHODS In vitro experments showed that 6-hydroxydopamine could induce toxicity in PC12 cells. The impact of F. vaillantii extract on cell viability was measured by using MTT assay. Nuclear morphological changes were qualitatively evaluated employing Hoechst staining. The antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by ROS and lipid peroxidation assays. Tyrosine hydroxylase protein expression was measured by western blotting in PC12 cells. For in vivo study, movement parameters were evaluated. RESULTS The results indicated that 75 µΜ of 6-OHDA induced 50% toxicity in PC12 cells for 24 h. Following post-treatment with F. vaillantii extract (0.1 mg/ml) for 72 h, we observed that the extract effectively prevented cell toxicity induced by 6-OHDA and reduced the apoptotic cell population. Furthermore, the extract attenuated the ROS level, lipid peroxidation and increased protein expression of TH after 72 h of treatment. In addition, oral administration of 300 mg/kg of F. vaillantii extract for 14 days improved locomotor activity, catalepsy, bradykinesia, motor coordination and reduced the apomorphine-caused rotation in 6-OHDA- induced Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in male rats. CONCLUSION The present study suggests a protective role for the extract of F. vaillantii against oxidative stress-induced cell damage in the PC12 cells exposed to neurotoxin 6-OHDA which was verified in in vivo model by reducing the motor defects induced by 6-OHDA. This extract could be a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention of PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Javid
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italya Street, Vesaal Shirazi Avenue, Keshavars Boulevard, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rana Rahimian
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Misha Salimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Converging Sciences and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Haghani-Samani
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italya Street, Vesaal Shirazi Avenue, Keshavars Boulevard, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Farhadi
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Anahita Torkaman-Boutorabi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italya Street, Vesaal Shirazi Avenue, Keshavars Boulevard, Tehran, Iran.
- Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kryl'skii ED, Razuvaev GA, Popova TN, Oleinik SA, Medvedeva SM, Shikhaliev KS. 6-Hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Demonstrates Neuroprotective Properties in Experimental Parkinson's Disease by Enhancing the Antioxidant System, Normalising Chaperone Activity and Suppressing Apoptosis. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1387-1405. [PMID: 38502411 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, whereby disturbances within the antioxidant defence system, increased aggregation of proteins, and activation of neuronal apoptosis all have a crucial role in the pathogenesis. In this context, exploring the neuroprotective capabilities of compounds that sustain the effectiveness of cellular defence systems in neurodegenerative disorders is worthwhile. During this study, we assessed how 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (HTHQ), which has antioxidant properties, affects the functioning of the antioxidant system, the activity of NADPH-generating enzymes and chaperones, and the level of apoptotic processes in rats with rotenone-induced PD. Six groups of animals were formed for our experiment, each with 12 animals. These were: a control group, animals with rotenone-induced PD, rats with PD given HTHQ at a dose of 50 mg/kg, rats with PD given HTHQ at a dose of 25 mg/kg, animals with pathology who were administered a comparison drug rasagiline, and control animals who were administered HTHQ at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The study results indicate that administering HTHQ led to a significant decrease in oxidative stress in PD rats. The enhanced redox status in animal tissues was linked with the recovery of antioxidant enzyme activities and NADPH-generating enzyme function, as well as an upsurge in the mRNA expression levels of antioxidant genes and factors Nrf2 and Foxo1. Administering HTHQ to rats with PD normalized the chaperone-like activity and mRNA levels of heat shock protein 70. Rats treated with the compound displayed lower apoptosis intensity when compared to animals with pathology. Therefore, owing to its antioxidant properties, HTHQ demonstrated a beneficial impact on the antioxidant system, resulting in decreased requirements for chaperone activation and the inhibition of apoptosis processes triggered in PD. HTHQ at a dose of 50 mg/kg had a greater impact on the majority of the examined variables compared to rasagiline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii D Kryl'skii
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia, 394018.
| | - Grigorii A Razuvaev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia, 394018
| | - Tatyana N Popova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia, 394018
| | - Sergei A Oleinik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia, 394018
| | - Svetlana M Medvedeva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia, 394018
| | - Khidmet S Shikhaliev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia, 394018
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Abilkassymova A, Turgumbayeva A, Sarsenova L, Tastambek K, Altynbay N, Ziyaeva G, Blatov R, Altynbayeva G, Bekesheva K, Abdieva G, Ualieva P, Shynykul Z, Kalykova A. Exploring Four Atraphaxis Species: Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:910. [PMID: 38398660 PMCID: PMC10891555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atraphaxis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae, with approximately 60 species. Species of Atraphaxis are much-branched woody plants, forming shrubs or shrubby tufts, primarily inhabiting arid zones across the temperate steppe and desert regions of Central Asia, America, and Australia. Atraphaxis species have been used by diverse groups of people all over the world for the treatment of various diseases. However, their biologically active compounds with therapeutic properties have not been investigated well. Studying the biologically active components of Atraphaxis laetevirens, Atraphaxis frutescens, Atraphaxis spinosa L., and Atraphaxis pyrifolia is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it can unveil the therapeutic potential of these plants, aiding in the development of novel medicines or natural remedies for various health conditions. Understanding their bioactive compounds enables scientists to explore their pharmacological properties, potentially leading to the discovery of new drugs or treatments. Additionally, investigating these components contributes to preserving traditional knowledge and validating the historical uses of these plants in ethnomedicine, thus supporting their conservation and sustainable utilization. These herbs have been used as an anti-inflammatory and hypertension remedies since the dawn of time. Moreover, they have been used to treat a variety of gastrointestinal disorders and problems related to skin in traditional Kazakh medicine. Hence, the genus Atraphaxis can be considered as a potential medicinal plant source that is very rich in biologically active compounds that may exhibit great pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiulcer, hypoglycemic, wound healing, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, and so on. This study aims to provide a collection of publications on the species of Atraphaxis, along with a critical review of the literature data. This review will constitute support for further investigations on the pharmacological activity of these medicinal plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alima Abilkassymova
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (Z.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Aknur Turgumbayeva
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (Z.S.); (A.K.)
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Lazzat Sarsenova
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (Z.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Kuanysh Tastambek
- Institute of Ecology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan;
| | - Nazym Altynbay
- Institute of Ecological Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
| | - Gulnar Ziyaeva
- Department of Biology, Taraz Regional University Named after M.Kh.Dulaty, Taraz 080000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Ravil Blatov
- Department of Pharmacy, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Gulmira Altynbayeva
- School of Pharmacy, JSC “S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
- Neonatology and Neonatal Surgery Department, JSC “Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery”, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Kuralay Bekesheva
- JSC “Scientific Centre for Anti-Infectious Drugs”, Almaty 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Gulzhamal Abdieva
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (P.U.)
| | - Perizat Ualieva
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (P.U.)
| | - Zhanserik Shynykul
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (Z.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Assem Kalykova
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (Z.S.); (A.K.)
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
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Kryl’skii ED, Razuvaev GA, Popova TN, Medvedeva SM, Shikhaliev KS. 6-Hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Alleviates Oxidative Stress and NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation in Rats with Experimental Parkinson's Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7653-7667. [PMID: 37754267 PMCID: PMC10528003 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of different doses of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (HTHQ) on motor coordination scores, brain tissue morphology, the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, the severity of oxidative stress parameters, the levels of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) factor, and the inflammatory response in rats during the development of rotenone-induced Parkinsonism. The findings indicate that HTHQ, with its antioxidant attributes, reduced the levels of 8-isoprostane, lipid oxidation products, and protein oxidation products. The decrease in oxidative stress due to HTHQ led to a reduction in the mRNA content of proinflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase activity, accompanying the drop in the expression of the factor NF-κB. These alterations promoted an improvement in motor coordination scores and increased tyrosine hydroxylase levels, whereas histopathological changes in the brain tissue of the experimental animals were attenuated. HTHQ exhibited greater effectiveness than the comparative drug rasagiline based on the majority of variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii D. Kryl’skii
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russia; (E.D.K.)
| | - Grigorii A. Razuvaev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russia; (E.D.K.)
| | - Tatyana N. Popova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russia; (E.D.K.)
| | - Svetlana M. Medvedeva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russia
| | - Khidmet S. Shikhaliev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russia
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Wang YC, Wang V, Chen BH. Analysis of bioactive compounds in cinnamon leaves and preparation of nanoemulsion and byproducts for improving Parkinson's disease in rats. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1229192. [PMID: 37599679 PMCID: PMC10433916 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1229192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira (C. osmophloeum), a broad-leaved tree species of Taiwan, contains phenolic acids, flavonoids, and phenylpropanoids such as cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid in leaves. Many reports have shown that the cinnamon leaf extract possesses anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and neuroprotective functions. This study aims to analyze bioactive compounds in C. osmophloeum (cinnamon leaves) by UPLC-MS/MS and prepare hydrosol, cinnamon leaf extract and cinnamon leaf nanoemulsion for comparison in improving Parkinson's disease (PD) in rats. Methods After extraction and determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, cinnamaldehyde and the other bioactive compounds were analyzed in cinnamon leaves and hydrosol by UPLC-MS/MS. Cinnamon leaf nanoemulsion was prepared by mixing a suitable proportion of cinnamon leaf extract, soybean oil, lecithin, Tween 80 and deionized water, followed by characterization of particle size and polydispersity index by dynamic light scattering analyzer, particle size and shape by transmission electron microscope, encapsulation efficiency, as well as storage and heating stability. Fifty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were divided into seven groups with group 1 as control (sunflower oil) and group 2 as induction (2 mg/kg bw rotenone in sunflower oil plus 10 mL/kg bw saline), while the other groups including rotenone injection (2 mg/kg bw) followed by high-dose of 60 mg/kg bw (group 3) or low-dose of 20 mg/kg bw (group 4) for tube feeding of cinnamon leaf extract or cinnamon leaf nanoemulsion at the same doses (groups 5 and 6) every day for 5 weeks as well as group 7 with rotenone plus hydrosol containing 0.5 g cinnamon leaf powder at a dose of 10 mL/kg bw. Biochemical analysis of brain tissue (striatum and midbrain) was done to determine dopamine, α-synuclein, tyrosine hydroxylase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde contents by using commercial kits, while catalepsy performed by bar test. Results and discussion An extraction solvent of 80% ethanol was found to be the most optimal with a high yield of 15 bioactive compounds being obtained following UPLC analysis. A triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization mode was used for identification and quantitation, with cinnamaldehyde present at the highest amount (17985.2 µg/g). The cinnamon leaf nanoemulsion was successfully prepared with the mean particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index and encapsulation efficiency being 30.1 nm, -43.1 mV, 0.149 and 91.6%, respectively. A high stability of cinnamon leaf nanoemulsion was shown over a 90-day storage period at 4 and heating at 100 for 2 h. Animal experiments revealed that the treatments of cinnamon leaf extract, nanoemulsion and hydrosol increased the dopamine contents from 17.08% to 49.39% and tyrosine hydroxylase levels from 17.07% to 25.59%, while reduced the α-synuclein levels from 17.56% to 15.95% in the striatum of rats. Additionally, in the midbrain of rats, an elevation of activities of superoxide dismutase (6.69-16.82%), catalase (8.56-16.94%), and glutathione peroxidase (2.09-16.94%) was shown, while the malondialdehyde content declined by 15.47-22.47%. Comparatively, the high-dose nanoemulsion exerted the most pronounced effect in improving PD in rats and may be a promising candidate for the development of health food or botanic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chun Wang
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Vinchi Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Bing Huei Chen
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Rana AK, Sharma S, Kumar R, Singh D. Buckwheat tartary regulates the Gsk-3β/β-catenin pathway to prevent neurobehavioral impairments in a rat model of surgical menopause. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1859-1875. [PMID: 37133802 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Menopause is a natural aging process characterized by decreased levels of sex hormones in females. Deprivation of estrogen following menopause results in alterations of dendritic arborization of the neuron that leads to neurobehavioral complications. Hormone replacement therapy is in practice to manage postmenopausal conditions but is associated with a lot of adverse effects. In the present study, the efficacy of buckwheat tartary (Fagopyrum tataricum) whole seed extract was investigated against the neurobehavioral complication in middle-aged ovariectomized rats, which mimic the clinical postmenopausal condition. Hydroalcoholic extraction (80% ethanol) was done, and quantification of major marker compounds in the extract was performed using HPLC. Oral treatment of the extract following the critical window period rescued the reconsolidation process of spatial and recognition memory, as well as depression-like behavior. Gene expression analysis disclosed elevated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation that largely disturb the integrity of the blood-brain barrier in ovariectomized rats. Gfap and Pparγ expression also showed reactive astrogliosis in the rats subjected to ovariectomy. The extract treatment reverted the elevated oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and expression of the studied genes. Furthermore, protein expression analysis revealed that Gsk-3β was activated differentially in the brain, as suggested by β-catenin protein expression, which was normalized following the treatment with extract and rescued the altered neurobehavioral process. The results of the current study concluded that Fagopyrum tataricum seed extract is better option to overcome the neurobehavioral complications associated with the menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Rana
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Supriya Sharma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rajneesh Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Khan E, Hasan I, Haque ME. Parkinson's Disease: Exploring Different Animal Model Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109088. [PMID: 37240432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease modeling in non-human subjects is an essential part of any clinical research. To gain proper understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of any disease, experimental models are required to replicate the disease process. Due to the huge diversity in pathophysiology and prognosis in different diseases, animal modeling is customized and specific accordingly. As in other neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder coupled with varying forms of physical and mental disabilities. The pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease are associated with the accumulation of misfolded protein called α-synuclein as Lewy body, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) area affecting the patient's motor activity. Extensive research has already been conducted regarding animal modeling of Parkinson's diseases. These include animal systems with induction of Parkinson's, either pharmacologically or via genetic manipulation. In this review, we will be summarizing and discussing some of the commonly employed Parkinson's disease animal model systems and their applications and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engila Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ikramul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - M Emdadul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Ramezani M, Meymand AZ, Khodagholi F, Kamsorkh HM, Asadi E, Noori M, Rahimian K, Shahrbabaki AS, Talebi A, Parsaiyan H, Shiravand S, Darbandi N. A role for flavonoids in the prevention and/or treatment of cognitive dysfunction, learning, and memory deficits: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:156-172. [PMID: 35152858 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2028058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Natural food substances, due to high rates of antioxidants, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, have been proposed to have the potential for the prevention or treatment of cognitive deficits, learning and memory deficits and neuro inflammation. In particular, medicinal plants with rich amounts of beneficial components such as flavonoids are one of the most promising therapeutic candidates for the cognitive deficit and memory loss. Herein, we aimed to review the impact of medicinal plants with focus on flavonoids on cognitive dysfunction, learning and memory loss by considering their signaling pathways. METHODS We extracted 93 preclinical and clinical studies related to the effects of flavonoids on learning and memory and cognition from published papers between 2000 and 2021 in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Airiti Library databases. RESULTS In the preclinical studies, at least there seem to be two main neurological and biological processes in which flavonoids contribute to the improvement and/or prevention of learning, memory deficit and cognitive dysfunction: (1) Regulation of neurotransmission system and (2) Enhancement of neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. CONCLUSION Although useful effects of flavonoids on learning and memory in preclinical investigations have been approved, more clinical trials are required to find out whether flavonoids and/or other ingredients of plants have the potent to prevent or treat neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Ramezani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Asadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Noori
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Kimia Rahimian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Aisa Talebi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Parsaiyan
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Shiravand
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Darbandi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
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Essawy AE, Mohamed AI, Ali RG, Ali AM, Abdou HM. Analysis of Melatonin-Modulating Effects Against Tartrazine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Male Rats: Biochemical, Pathological and Immunohistochemical Markers. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:131-141. [PMID: 36018437 PMCID: PMC9823072 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03723-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tartrazine (E-102) is one of the most widely used artificial food azo-colors that can be metabolized to highly sensitizing aromatic amines such as sulphanilic acid. These metabolites are oxidized to N-hydroxy derivatives that cause neurotoxicity. Melatonin is a neurohormone. That possesses a free-radical scavenging effect. The present work was mainly designed to evaluate the possible ameliorative role of melatonin against tartrazine induced neurotoxicity in cerebral cortex and cerebellum of male rats. Adult male rats were administered orally with tartrazine (7.5 mg/kg) with or without melatonin (10 mg/kg) daily for four weeks. The data revealed that tartrazine induced redox disruptions as measured by significant (p < 0.05) increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level and inhibition of (GSH) concentration and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) antioxidant enzyme activities. Besides, brain acetyl cholin (Ach) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were elevated while, dopamine (DA) was depleted in trtrazine -treated rats. Moreover, tartrazine caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the brain interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1 β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). At the tissue level, tartrazine caused severe histopathological changes in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex of rats. The immunohistochemical results elucidated strong positive expression for Caspase-3 and GFAP and weak immune reaction for BcL2 and synaptophysin in tatrazine- treated rats. The administration of melatonin to tartrazine -administered rats remarkably alleviated all the aforementioned tartrzine-induced effects. It could be concluded that, melatonin has a potent ameliorative effect against tartrazine induced neurotoxicity via the attenuation of oxidative/antioxidative responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina E Essawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Rania Gaber Ali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Awatef M Ali
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba Mohamed Abdou
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Guan S, Sun L, Wang X, Huang X, Luo T. Isoschaftoside Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Microglia through Regulation of HIF-1 α-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:5227335. [PMID: 36467557 PMCID: PMC9711954 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5227335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Isoschaftoside is a C-glycosyl flavonoid extracted from the root exudates of Desmodium uncinatum and Abrus cantoniensis. Previous studies suggested that C-glycosyl flavonoid has neuroprotective effects with the property of reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Microglia are key cellular mediators of neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of isoschaftoside on lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of BV-2 microglial cells. The BV-2 cells were exposed to 10 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide and isoschaftoside (0-1000 μM). Isoschaftoside effectively inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production and proinflammatory cytokines including iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX2 expression. Isoschaftoside also significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced HIF-1α, HK2, and PFKFB3 protein expression. Induction of HIF-1α accumulation by CoCl2 was inhibited by isoschaftoside, while the HIF-1α specific inhibitor Kc7f2 mitigated the metabolic reprogramming and anti-inflammatory effect of isoschaftoside. Furthermore, isoschaftoside attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and mTOR. These results suggest that isoschaftoside can suppress inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia, and the mechanism was partly due to inhibition of the HIF-1α-mediated metabolic reprogramming pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Lingbin Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Xihua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Xirui Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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11
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Altharawi A, Alharthy KM, Althurwi HN, Albaqami FF, Alzarea SI, Al-Abbasi FA, Nadeem MS, Kazmi I. Europinidin Inhibits Rotenone-Activated Parkinson's Disease in Rodents by Decreasing Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammatory Cytokines Pathways. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217159. [PMID: 36363986 PMCID: PMC9658735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Europinidin is a derivative of delphinidin obtained from the plants Plumbago Europea and Ceratostigma plumbaginoides. This herb has wide medicinal applications in treating various diseases but there are very few studies available on this bioactive compound. Considering this background, the present study is designed for the evaluation of Europinidin against Parkinson’s disease. Aim: The investigation aims to assess the effect of Europinidin in the rotenone-activated Parkinson’s paradigm. Methods: To evaluate neuroprotective activity, rotenone (1.5 mg/kg s.c) and europinidin (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) was administered in rats for 21 days. The behavioural parameters were performed before sacrificing the rats. On the 22nd day, all the rats were assessed for biochemical markers (SOD, GSH, MDA, Catalase), neurotransmitter levels (Dopamine, 5-HIAA, DOPAC, and HVA levels), and neuroinflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α). Results: It was found that rotenone produced significant (p < 0.001) oxidative damage, a cholinergic deficit, dopaminergic loss, and a rise in neuroinflammatory markers in rats. Conclusion: The study concludes that europinidin possesses anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The results suggest the therapeutic role of europinidin against rotenone-activated behavioural, biochemical, and neuroinflammatory alterations in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Altharawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (I.K.); Tel.: +966-543-970-731 (I.K.)
| | - Khalid M. Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan N. Althurwi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal F. Albaqami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (I.K.); Tel.: +966-543-970-731 (I.K.)
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12
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Dehghan M, Fathinejad F, Farzaei MH, Barzegari E. In silico unraveling of molecular anti-neurodegenerative profile of Citrus medica flavonoids against novel pharmaceutical targets. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Preventive effects of a standardized flavonoid extract of safflower in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease rat model. Neuropharmacology 2022; 217:109209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Bispo JMM, Melo JEC, Gois AM, Medeiros KAAL, Silva RS, Leal PC, Franco HS, Souza MF, Lins LCRF, Ribeiro AM, Silva RH, Santos JR. Testosterone propionate improves motor alterations and dopaminergic damage in the reserpine-induced progressive model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res Bull 2022; 187:162-168. [PMID: 35781030 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a higher susceptibility to occur in men. Studies suggest that this susceptibility is related to the hormonal differences observed between men and women, being a risk factor for PD. In addition, testosterone supplementation has shown controversial results in animal models of PD and parkinsonian patients. This study evaluated the effect of chronic administration of testosterone propionate (TP) on motor behavior and neurochemical parameters in the reserpine-induced rat model of parkinsonism. Male Wistar rats received 15 injections of reserpine (RES - 0.1 mg/kg) every other day and were concomitantly treated with different doses (0.1, 1.0, or 5.0 mg/kg) of daily TP for 30 days. The rats were euthanized 48 h after the 15th injection of RES or vehicle. Brains were removed and subjected to Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry. TP at 1.0 mg/kg reduced the damages caused by reserpine in the vacuous chewing and tong protrusion behaviors and prevented dopaminergic damage in the SNpc, VTA, and Striatum. TP at 5.0 mg/kg reduced the damages caused by reserpine in the catalepsy and tong protrusion behaviors, prevented the weight loss, and prevented dopaminergic damage in the VTA. Our results suggest that chronic administration of TP has a protective effect in a rat model of parkinsonism, improving motor alterations and dopamine depletion induced by RES.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M M Bispo
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
| | - João E C Melo
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
| | - Auderlan M Gois
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
| | - Katty A A L Medeiros
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
| | - Rodolfo Santos Silva
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
| | - Pollyana C Leal
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil; Graduate Program in Dentistry / Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Heitor S Franco
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
| | - Marina F Souza
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
| | - Lívia C R F Lins
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | | | - Regina H Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - José R Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
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15
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Immunomodulatory effects of Curcuma longa L. and Carthamus tinctorius L. on RAW 264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression C57BL/6 mouse models. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Zhou D, Bai Z, Guo T, Li J, Li Y, Hou Y, Chen G, Li N. Dietary flavonoids and human top-ranked diseases: The perspective of in vivo bioactivity and bioavailability. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Thirugnanam T, Santhakumar K. Chemically induced models of Parkinson's disease. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 252:109213. [PMID: 34673252 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Environmental toxins are harmful substances detrimental to humans. Constant exposure to these fatal neurotoxins can cause various neurodegenerative disorders. Although poisonous, specific neurotoxins at optimal concentrations mimic the clinical features of neurodegenerative diseases in several animal models. Such chemically-induced model systems are beneficial in deciphering the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration and drug screening for these disorders. One such neurotoxin is 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a widely used chemical that recapitulates Parkinsonian features in various animal models. Apart from MPTP, other neurotoxins like 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), paraquat, rotenone also induce specific clinical features of Parkinson's disease in animal models. These chemically-induced Parkinson's disease models are playing a crucial role in understanding Parkinson's disease onset, pathology, and novel therapeutics. In this review, we provide a concise overview of various neurotoxins that can recapitulate Parkinsonian features in different in vivo and in vitro model systems specifically focusing on the different treatment methodologies of neurotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilaga Thirugnanam
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kirankumar Santhakumar
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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18
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Rahul, Siddique YH. Neurodegenerative Diseases and Flavonoids: Special Reference to Kaempferol. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 20:327-342. [PMID: 33511932 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210129122033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic stroke have become a major health problem worldwide. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of flavonoids on neurodegenerative diseases and suggest them to be used as therapeutic agents. Kaempferol is found in many plants such as tea, beans, broccoli, strawberries, and neuroprotective effects against the development of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson, Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. The present study summarizes the neuroprotective effects of kaempferol in various models of neurodegenerative diseases. Kaempferol delays the initiation as well as the progression of neurodegenerative disorders by acting as a scavenger of free radicals and preserving the activity of various antioxidant enzymes. Kaempferol can cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), and therefore results in an enhanced protective effect. The multi-target property of kaempferol makes it a potential dietary supplement in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yasir H Siddique
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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19
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Kryl'skii ED, Razuvaev GA, Potapova TN, Akinina AI, Nihaev LE. Functioning of the Antioxidant Defense System in Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Disease. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 171:716-721. [PMID: 34705173 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of the functioning of antioxidant system in rats with rotenone-induced parkinsonism was conducted. The development of pathology led to inhibition of the majority of the studied antioxidant enzymes in the brain and blood serum of animals, which can be associated with decompensation of oxidative stress under conditions of prolonged mitochondrial dysfunction. These changes apparently make an important contribution into neuronal degeneration in the cerebral cortex and striatum and motor disorders in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Kryl'skii
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - G A Razuvaev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - T N Potapova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - A I Akinina
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - L E Nihaev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
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20
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Wang F, Ji G, Xu Z, Feng B, Zhou Q, Fan X, Wang T. Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Provide Insights into Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in the Developing Grains of Purple Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11171-11184. [PMID: 34529412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purple wheat is thought to have beneficial effects on humans owing to its high anthocyanin content. However, a systematic understanding of the anthocyanin biosynthesis process in developing wheat grain is lacking. Here, the dynamic changes in anthocyanin components and transcripts in the grain of purple wheat ZNM168 at five developmental stages (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 DAF) were characterized. Compared with other anthocyanins, four components, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5-O-diglucoside, and malvidin 3-O-glucoside, were significantly accumulated with grain development. In particular, the considerable accumulation of cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside indicated that it was the pivotal pigment for the purple grain. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the nine differentially expressed genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis belonged to the BZ1 group, the homologous enzyme encoded by the maize Bronze-1 locus, which may primarily serve to glucosylate anthocyanidins. By constructing a gene coexpression network based on weighted gene coexpression network analysis, the TaBZ1 UniGene (TraesCS1D02G019200) was predicted as a core gene in anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, correlation analysis between the metabolites and transcripts suggested that TraesCS2A01G527700 (TaCHS) and TraesCS6B01G006200 (TaANS) were considered critical structural genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. This study provides insights to exploit genes pinpointed as genetic engineering targets, thereby breeding anthocyanin-enriched wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Guangsi Ji
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhibin Xu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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21
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Chlorella vulgaris Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Improves the Muscle Regenerative Capacity of Young and Old Sprague-Dawley Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123752. [PMID: 33297295 PMCID: PMC7762232 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy in ageing is a multifactorial degenerative process impacted by cellular ageing biology, which includes oxidative stress. Chlorella vulgaris is a coccoid green eukaryotic microalga rich in antioxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of C. vulgaris in ameliorating oxidative stress, thus elucidating its mechanism in improving muscle mass, strength and function in young and old rats. Fifty-six male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 3 months (young) and 21 months (old) were divided into three groups: Group 1 (control) was given distilled water; Group 2 was treated with 150 mg/kg body weight (BW) of C. vulgaris; and Group 3 was treated with 300 mg/kg BW of C. vulgaris for three months. Grip and muscle strength and muscle integrity were determined on days 0, 30, 60, and 90 of treatment. Urine and blood were collected on days 0 and 90 of treatment for oxidative stress marker determination, while the gastrocnemius muscles were collected for muscle oxidative stress analysis. Increased grip strength of the front and hind paws was observed in young C. vulgaris-treated rats on days 30, 60, and 90 compared to the untreated control on the same days (p < 0.05). There was a significant increase in lean bone mineral content (BMC) in young rats treated with 300 mg/kg BW C. vulgaris compared to untreated rats on days 30 and 60. The fat mass was significantly decreased in young and old C. vulgaris-treated rats on day 90 compared to the untreated control. The total path was significantly increased for old rats treated with 300 mg/kg BW C. vulgaris on days 60 and 90 compared to day 0. Young and old C. vulgaris-treated rats demonstrated a significant decrease in urinary isoprostane F2t and plasma creatine kinase-MM (CKMM) compared to the control on day 90. A significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyalkenal (HAE) levels were observed in young and old rats treated with C. vulgaris. C. vulgaris improved the muscle mass, strength, and function in young and old rats. This effect could be due to its potency in ameliorating oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of young and old rats.
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22
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Lei H, Ren R, Sun Y, Zhang K, Zhao X, Ablat N, Pu X. Neuroprotective Effects of Safflower Flavonoid Extract in 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Model of Parkinson's Disease May Be Related to its Anti-Inflammatory Action. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215206. [PMID: 33182332 PMCID: PMC7664856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius. L.), a Chinese materia medica, is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with flavonoids being the major active components. Multiple flavonoids in safflower bind to Parkinson’s disease (PD)-related protein DJ-1. Safflower flavonoid extract (SAFE) improved behavioral indicators in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced rat model of PD; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We used a 6-OHDA-induced mouse model of PD and a primary neuron-astrocyte coculture system to determine the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of SAFE. After three weeks of SAFE administration, behavioral indicators of PD mice were improved. SAFE regulated the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine metabolism. It significantly inhibited the activation of astrocytes surrounding the substantia nigra and reduced Iba-1 protein level in the striatum of PD mice. SAFE reduced the plasma content of inflammatory factors and suppressed the activation of nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. In the coculture system, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside and anhydrosafflor yellow B significantly improved neuronal survival, suppressed neuronal apoptosis, and reduced IL-1β and IL-10 levels in the medium. Thus, SAFE showed a significant anti-PD effect, which is mainly associated with flavonoid anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.L.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (X.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Rutong Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shandong Qidu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zibo 255400, China;
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.L.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (X.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.L.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (X.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.L.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (X.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Nuramatjan Ablat
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.L.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (X.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Xiaoping Pu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.L.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (X.Z.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-8280-2648
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23
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Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect of kaempferol on rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease model of rats and SH-S5Y5 cells by preventing loss of tyrosine hydroxylase. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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24
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Chang YM, Manoj Kumar M, Lu CY, Te Tsai C, Tsai CC, Liao PH, Lin SL, Chang CC, Mahalakshmi B, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Parkinson's disease a futile entangle of Mankind's credence on an herbal remedy: A review. Life Sci 2020; 257:118019. [PMID: 32629002 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disease of the human nervous system with an onset, in the sixth and seventh decades of the human life. Chiefly perceived as progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) with the ensued loss of dopamine in the striatum and the presence of Lewy bodies, consisting of α-synuclein agglomeration. In which the neuronal bridge between substantia nigra and striatum plays an advent role in the motor system. Dilapidation of these neurons results in dopamine depletion which in-turn makes hay to PD. Eventually, the etiology and pathogenesis of PD were still on a hike of dilemma. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including Chinese herbal remedies, acupuncture, and manipulative therapies, is commonly used as an adjunctive therapy in different diseases, particularly neurological diseases, in Asian countries. Additionally, TCM might improve the prognoses and the quality of life of patients with PD because it induces less adverse drug reactions. The present review describes research on the various neuroprotective components and herbal extracts from herbal medicines in the context of addressing the effects of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Ming Chang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 1PT Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Taichung, Taiwan
| | - M Manoj Kumar
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Cheng You Lu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin Chuan Tsai
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po Hsiang Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu Luan Lin
- 1PT Lukang Chinese Medicine Clinics, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia Cheng Chang
- Department of Physical Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - B Mahalakshmi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Wei Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
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Feng Y, Ma J, Yuan L. β-Methylphenylalanine exerts neuroprotective effects in a Parkinson's disease model by protecting against tyrosine hydroxylase depletion. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9871-9880. [PMID: 32697044 PMCID: PMC7520294 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of β-methylphenylalanine in an experimental model of rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) in SH-SY5Y cells and rats. Cells were pre-treated with rotenone (2.5 µg/mL) for 24 hours followed by β-methylphenylalanine (1, 10 and 100 mg/L) for 72 hours. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial fragmentation, apoptosis, and mRNA and protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase were determined. In a rat model of PD, dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels, bradykinesia and tyrosine hydroxylase expression were determined. In rotenone-pre-treated cells, β-methylphenylalanine significantly increased cell viability and MMP, whereas ROS levels, apoptosis and fragmented mitochondria were reduced. β-Methylphenylalanine significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase in SH-SY5Y cells. In the rotenone-induced rat model of PD, oral administration of β-methylphenylalanine recovered DA and DOPAC levels and bradykinesia. β-Methylphenylalanine significantly increased the protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the striatum and substantia nigra of rats. In addition, in silico molecular docking confirmed binding between tyrosine hydroxylase and β-methylphenylalanine. Our experimental results show neuroprotective effects of β-methylphenylalanine via the recovery of mitochondrial damage and protection against the depletion of tyrosine hydroxylase. We propose that β-methylphenylalanine may be useful in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of NeurologyHenan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianjun Ma
- Department of NeurologyHenan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Lipin Yuan
- Department of NeurologyHenan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouChina
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Parsafar S, Nayeri Z, Aliakbari F, Shahi F, Mohammadi M, Morshedi D. Multiple neuroprotective features of Scutellaria pinnatifida-derived small molecule. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04737. [PMID: 32913905 PMCID: PMC7472859 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders with no precise etiology. Multiple lines of evidence support that environmental factors, either neurotoxins or neuroinflammation, can induce Parkinsonism. In this study, we purified an active compound, neobaicalein (Skullcapflavone II), from the roots of Scutellaria pinnatifida (S. pinnatifida). Neobaicalein not only had protective impacts on rotenone-induced neurotoxicity but in glial cultures, it dampened the inflammatory response when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neobaicalein had high antioxidant activity without any obvious toxicity. In addition, it could raise the cell viability, decrease early apoptosis, reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and keep the neurite's length normal in the treated SH-SY5Y cells. Pathway enrichment analysis (PEA) and target prediction provided insights into the PD related genes, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the key proteins enriched in the signaling pathways. Furthermore, docking simulation (DS) on the proteins of the PD-PPI network revealed that neobaicalein might interact with the key proteins involved in PD pathology, including MAPK14, MAPK8, and CASP3. It also blocks the destructive processes, such as cell death, inflammation, and oxidative stress pathways. Our results demonstrate that neobaicalein alleviates pathological effects of factors related to PD, and may provide new insight into PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Parsafar
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Nayeri
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhang Aliakbari
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Shahi
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dina Morshedi
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) treatment options have conventionally focused on dopamine replacement and provision of symptomatic relief. Current treatments cause undesirable adverse effects, and a large unmet clinical need remains for treatments that offer disease modification and that address symptoms resistant to levodopa. Advances in high-throughput drug screening methods for small molecules, developments in disease modelling and improvements in analytical technologies have collectively contributed to the emergence of novel compounds, repurposed drugs and new technologies. In this Review, we focus on disease-modifying and symptomatic therapies under development for PD. We review cellular therapies and repurposed drugs, such as nilotinib, inosine, isradipine, iron chelators and anti-inflammatories, and discuss how their success in preclinical models has paved the way for clinical trials. We provide an update on immunotherapies and vaccines. In addition, we review non-pharmacological interventions targeting motor symptoms, including gene therapy, adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) and optogenetically inspired DBS. Given the many clinical phenotypes of PD, individualization of therapy and precision of treatment are likely to become important in the future.
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Rabiei Z, Solati K, Amini-Khoei H. Phytotherapy in treatment of Parkinson's disease: a review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:355-362. [PMID: 31141426 PMCID: PMC6542178 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1618344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Context: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder due to gradual loss of dopaminergic nerves in the substantia nigra (SN) in the midbrain. PD leads to certain motor disorders including resting tremor, muscle stiffness and slow movement. Medicinal plants have shown positive pharmacological effects in treating different models of PD. Objective: Tendency to use natural products, especially plants, for the treatment of PD has been growing. This article reviews the basic aspects of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds that could be used to treat PD. Methods: Reliable articles indexed in databases ISI, SID, PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus and Web of Science were used. A total of 12 plant-derived active ingredients and 18 herbal extracts were included. Different compounds have so far been isolated from plants that affect PD especially by targeting pathways associated with the pathogenesis of the disease. Results: Although some herbal extracts such as Hibiscus asper Hook. f. (Malvaceae), Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae), Carthamus tinctorius L (Asteraceae) and certain active ingredients, such as berberine and curcumin, have shown positive effects in animal models of PD, potential active ingredients and mechanisms of action should be investigated in additional studies. Discussion and conclusions: Despite the wide variety of plants in the world, a limited number of them have been studied for anti-Parkinsonian activity, and therefore, there are numerous perspectives in this field for future studies on plants and their bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rabiei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Kamal Solati
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Sun Z, Jin H, Zhou H, Yu L, Wan H, He Y. Guhong Injection promotes fracture healing by activating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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KWON HJ, JUNG NS, HAN SB, PARK KW. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Amaranthus Hypochondriacus L. Extract Using Cyclic Voltammetry. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.18-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin KWON
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University
| | - Na-Seul JUNG
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University
| | - Sang-Beom HAN
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University
- BOYAZ Energy Inc
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Qin L, Chen Z, Yang L, Shi H, Wu H, Zhang B, Zhang W, Xu Q, Huang F, Wu X. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside protects dopaminergic neurons by activating estrogen-receptor-mediated signaling pathway in MPTP-induced mice. Toxicology 2019; 426:152256. [PMID: 31381935 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra (SN). Accumulating evidences implicate the beneficial role of estrogen in the therapy of PD. METHODS In the present study, the protective function of luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LUT-7G), a natural flavonoid, was investigated in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treated SH-SY5Y cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced mice. RESULTS Pre-treatment of LUT-7G increased the viability and reduced the apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells treated by MPP+. At molecular level, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased, while the expression of cleaved caspase 3 was markedly lessened. Moreover, LUT-7G increased the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), ERα and ERβ, and enhanced the activation of ERK1/2/STAT3/c-Fos that could be abolished by ER antagonists. Furthermore, in vivo experiment indicated that pre-treatment of LUT-7G improved the bradykinesia, and enhanced the muscle strength as well as the balancing capacity of mice treated with MPTP. And LUT-7G prevented the injury of TH positive cells in substantia nigra and increased TH positive nerve fibers in striatum. In addition, pre-treatment of LUT-7G also significantly diminished the MPTP-induced gliosis in substantia nigra. CONCLUSIONS LUT-7G effectively protected dopaminergic neurons against MPP+ or MPTP-induced toxicity, probably by activating the ER-mediated signaling pathway. Our findings explore the therapeutic potential of LUT-7G for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyue Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Qi Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Oboh G, Adebayo AA, Ademosun AO, Olowokere OG. Rutin alleviates cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats: involvement of modulation of nucleotide-degrading enzymes and monoamine oxidase. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1181-1190. [PMID: 30972687 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Rutin is a flavonoid commonly found in many vegetables, fruits and other plant species. Thus, this study investigated the protective role of rutin on cognitive function and impairment of ectonucleotidase, monoamine oxidase (MAO) and antioxidant enzymes activities in the cortex and hippocampus of cadmium-induced rats. Cognitive impairment was induced by an oral administration of 5 mg/kg Cadmium chloride for 14 consecutive days. Rutin was dissolved in 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and administered orally at the doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg for 14 days. Thereafter, animals were divided into six groups (n = 6) as follows: control, rutin 25 mg/kg, rutin 50 mg/kg, cadmium, cadmium plus rutin 25 mg/kg, cadmium plus rutin 50 mg/kg. After treatment period of 14 days, animals were sacrificed and the brain was dissected into cortex and hippocampus. Results showed that cadmium caused a significant increase in ectonucleotidases, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and MAO activities, with a concomitant decrease in thiol levels and antioxidant enzymes activities. However, treatment with rutin decreased ectonucleotidase, ADA and MAO activities in cadmium-induced rats. In addition, rutin reduced residual level of cadmium ion in the brain of cadmium-induced rats. Conclusively, present findings revealed that rutin could prevent/restored the impairment of the enzymes that regulate the purinergic and monoaminergic extracellular signaling and restore antioxidant status in cognitive impairment caused by prolonged cadmium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, 340001, Nigeria.
| | - Adeniyi A Adebayo
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, 340001, Nigeria.
| | - Ayokunle O Ademosun
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, 340001, Nigeria
| | - Olanike G Olowokere
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, 340001, Nigeria
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SC79, a novel Akt activator, protects dopaminergic neuronal cells from MPP + and rotenone. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 461:81-89. [PMID: 31342299 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), mitochondrial dysfunction causes substantial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress, leading to dopaminergic (DA) neuronal cell death. Mitochondrial toxins, including MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion) and rotenone, induce oxidative injury in cultured DA neuronal cells. The current study tested the potential effect of SC79, a first-in-class small-molecule Akt activator, against the process. In SH-SY5Y cells and primary murine DA neurons, SC79 significantly attenuated MPP+- and rotenone-induced viability reduction, cell death, and apoptosis. SC79 activated Akt signaling in DA neuronal cells. Akt inhibition (by LY294002 and MK-2206) or CRISPR-Cas9-mediated Akt1 knockout completely abolished SC79-induced DA neuroprotection against MPP+. Further studies demonstrated that SC79 attenuated MPP+- and rotenone-induced ROS production, mitochondrial depolarization, and lipid peroxidation in SH-SY5Y cells and primary DA neurons. Moreover, upregulation of Nrf2-dependent genes (HO1 and NQO1) and Nrf2 protein stabilization were detected in SC79-treated SH-SY5Y cells and primary DA neurons. Together we show that SC79 protects DA neuronal cells from mitochondrial toxins possibly via activation of Akt-Nrf2 signaling.
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Rasoulian B, Hajializadeh Z, Esmaeili-Mahani S, Rashidipour M, Fatemi I, Kaeidi A. Neuroprotective and antinociceptive effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract in rats with painful diabetic neuropathy. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:57-64. [PMID: 29754274 PMCID: PMC10717086 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with the development of neuronal tissue damage in different central and peripheral nervous system regions. A common complication of diabetes is painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. We have explored the antihyperalgesic and neuroprotective properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract (RE) in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. The nociceptive threshold and motor coordination of these diabetic rats was assessed using the tail-flick and rotarod treadmill tests, respectively. Activated caspase-3 and the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, both biochemical indicators of apoptosis, were assessed in the dorsal half of the lumbar spinal cord tissue by western blotting. Treatment of the diabetic rats with RE improved hyperglycemia, hyperalgesia and motor deficit, suppressed caspase-3 activation and reduced the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, suggesting that the RE has antihyperalgesic and neuroprotective effects in this rat model of STZ-induced diabetes. Cellular mechanisms underlying the observed effects may, at least partially, be related to the inhibition of neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Rasoulian
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajializadeh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rashidipour
- Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Chen Y, Zheng X, Wang Y, Song J. Effect of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway on JNK3 in Parkinsonian rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1771-1775. [PMID: 30783448 PMCID: PMC6364142 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Effect of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway on the expression of JNK3 in Parkinsonian rats was investigated. A total of 200 rats were used for Parkinson's disease (PD) modeling and 180 models were successfully established. Rats were randomly divided into four groups including A, B, C, and D, 45 in each group. Group A was control group and no inhibitor was given. Group B was given PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Group C was given rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin; and group D was given inhibitor LY294002 and inhibitor rapamycin. JNK3 mRNA expression was detected by RT-qPCR and expression of p-mTOR protein and JNK3 protein was detected by western blot analysis. Expression level of JNK3 mRNA and protein in groups C and D was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.01). Expression level of JNK3 mRNA and protein in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.01). Relative expression level of p-mTOR protein in groups C and D was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.01). Relative expression level of JNK3 protein in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.01). Pearson's correlation analysis showed that expression of JNK3 mRNA was positively correlated with the expression of JNK3 protein and Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.98 (P<0.01). There was also a positive correlation between the expression of JNK3 mRNA and the expression of p-mTOR protein and Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.95 (P<0.01). Expression of JNK3 protein was positively correlated with the expression of p-mTOR protein, and the Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.93 (P<0.01). Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is negatively correlated with the expression of JNK3. Inhibition of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway leads to a decrease in the expression of JNK3, which protects dopaminergic neurons and improves PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhen Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
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Gaowa S, Bao N, Da M, Qiburi Q, Ganbold T, Chen L, Altangerel A, Temuqile T, Baigude H. Traditional Mongolian medicine Eerdun Wurile improves stroke recovery through regulation of gene expression in rat brain. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 222:249-260. [PMID: 29758340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eerdun Wurile (EW) is one of the key Mongolian medicines for treatment of neurological and cardiological disorders. EW is ranked most regularly used Mongolian medicine in clinic. Components of EW which mainly originate from natural products are well defined and are unique to Mongolian medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY Although the recipe of EW contains known neuroactive chemicals originated from plants, its mechanism of action has never been elucidated at molecular level. The objective of the present study is to explore the mechanism of neuroregenerative activity of EW by focusing on the regulation of gene expression in the brain of rat model of stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were treated with EW for 15 days. Then, total RNAs from the cerebral cortex of rat MCAO models treated with either EW or control (saline) were extracted and analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed for their functions during the recovery of ischemic stroke. The expression level of significantly differentially expressed genes such as growth factors, microglia markers and secretive enzymes in the lesion was further validated by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Previously identified neuroactive compounds, such as geniposide (Yu et al., 2009), myristicin (Shin et al., 1988), costunolide (Okugawa et al., 1996), toosendanin (Shi and Chen, 1999) were detected in EW formulation. Bederson scale indicated that the treatment of rat MCAO models with EW showed significantly lowered neurological deficits (p < 0.01). The regional cerebral blood circulation was also remarkably higher in rat MCAO models treated with EW compared to the control group. A total of 186 genes were upregulated in the lesion of rat MCAO models treated with EW compared to control group. Among them, growth factors such as Igf1 (p < 0.05), Igf2 (p < 0.01), Grn (p < 0.01) were significantly upregulated in brain after treatment of rat MCAO models with EW. Meanwhile, greatly enhanced expression of microglia markers, as well as complementary components and secretive proteases were also detected. CONCLUSION Our data collectively indicated that EW enhances expression of growth factors including Igf1 and Igf2 in neurons and microglia, and may stimulate microglia polarization in the brain. The consequences of such activity include stimulation of neuron growth, hydrolysis and clearance of cell debris at the lesion, as well as the angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saren Gaowa
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China; Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China; International Hospital of Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China
| | - Narisi Bao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China; Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Man Da
- International Hospital of Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China
| | - Qiburi Qiburi
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Tsogzolmaa Ganbold
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Altanzul Altangerel
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Temuqile Temuqile
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China; International Hospital of Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China
| | - Huricha Baigude
- Institute of Mongolian Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China.
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Ma J, Gao SS, Yang HJ, Wang M, Cheng BF, Feng ZW, Wang L. Neuroprotective Effects of Proanthocyanidins, Natural Flavonoids Derived From Plants, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:369. [PMID: 29904339 PMCID: PMC5990600 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PA) are natural flavonoids widely present in many vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds, and especially in grape seed. In the present study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of PA and the underlying molecular mechanism in rotenone model of Parkinson's disease (PD). We found that pretreatment with PA significantly reduced rotenone-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells. In addition, PA markedly enhanced cell viability against rotenone neurotoxicity and considerably blocked rotenone-induced activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), biochemical features of apoptosis. Further study demonstrated that the anti-apoptotic effect of PA was mediated by suppressing p38, JNK, and ERK signaling, and inhibitors of these three signaling pathways reproduced the protective effect of PA separately. In summary, our results demonstrated that PA mitigated rotenone-induced ROS generation and antagonized apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells by inhibiting p38, JNK, and ERK signaling pathways, and it may provide a new insight of PA in PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shan-Shan Gao
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hai-Jie Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mian Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bin-Feng Cheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Feng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Disciplinary group of Psychology and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Zeng XS, Geng WS, Jia JJ, Chen L, Zhang PP. Cellular and Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration in Parkinson Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:109. [PMID: 29719505 PMCID: PMC5913322 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been 200 years since Parkinson disease (PD) was described by Dr. Parkinson in 1817. The disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although the pathogenesis of PD is still unknown, the research findings from scientists are conducive to understand the pathological mechanisms. It is well accepted that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset of PD. In this review, we summarize the mutations of main seven genes (α-synuclein, LRRK2, PINK1, Parkin, DJ-1, VPS35 and GBA1) linked to PD, discuss the potential mechanisms for the loss of dopaminergic neurons (dopamine metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, impaired autophagy, and deregulation of immunity) in PD, and expect the development direction for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Si Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Wen-Shuo Geng
- College of Life Sciences, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Jin-Jing Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Peng-Peng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
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Chen Y, Sun Y, Li W, Wei H, Long T, Li H, Xu Q, Liu W. Systems pharmacology dissection of the anti-stroke mechanism for the Chinese traditional medicine Xing-Nao-Jing. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 136:16-25. [PMID: 29336875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Xing-Nao-Jing (XNJ) is a well-known injection that has been extensively applied in clinical treatment of stroke in China. However, the underlying mechanism of clinical administration of XNJ in stroke remains unclear. In this study, a systems pharmacology strategy based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics data was applied to analyze the pharmacological effect of XNJ on stroke. Sixteen active compounds were filtered from XNJ through Drug-likeness (DL) and Brain-blood-barrier (BBB) evaluations. Ninety-four potential targets of these active components were identified by SysDT and SEA. Biological process and pathway enrichment analyses of these targets demonstrated that XNJ exerted anti-stroke effects by biological processes and pathways, such as the response to oxidative stress, regulation of blood pressure, calcium signaling pathway, and apoptosis. Integrating the compound-target network and stroke-related PPI network, we found that Akt1, HIF-1α and ITGB2 may play key roles in the treatment of stroke. The experiments demonstrated that oxycurcumenol may prevent PC12 cells from oxidative stress-induced cell damage. Our study indicates that XNJ has an effect on stroke by protecting neuro cells from oxidative stress-induced cell damage via HIF1α, and the research strategy at the systems pharmacology level is feasible to reveal the mechanisms of novel lead compounds from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Chen
- Central Laboratory of Medical School, Peihua University, Xi'An, 710125, China.
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Wende Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hong Wei
- Basic Medical Science Research Center, Shaanxi Fourth People's Hospital, Xi'An, 710043, China.
| | - Tianlin Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bijie First People's Hospital, Bijie, 551700, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Basic Medical Science Research Center, Shaanxi Fourth People's Hospital, Xi'An, 710043, China.
| | - Quanhua Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bijie First People's Hospital, Bijie, 551700, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Basic Medical Science Research Center, Shaanxi Fourth People's Hospital, Xi'An, 710043, China.
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Quantitative Analysis and Biological Efficacies regarding the Neuroprotective and Antineuroinflammatory Actions of the Herbal Formula Jodeungsan in HT22 Hippocampal Cells and BV-2 Microglia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6360836. [PMID: 29391873 PMCID: PMC5748148 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6360836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Jodeungsan (JDS) is a traditional herbal formula that comprises seven medicinal herbs and is broadly utilized to treat hypertension, dementia, and headache. However, the effects of JDS and its herbal components on neurodegenerative diseases have not been reported. We examined the inhibitory effects of JDS and its seven components on neuronal cell death and inflammation using HT22 hippocampal cells and BV-2 microglia, respectively. Among its seven herbal components, Uncaria sinensis (US), Chrysanthemum morifolium (CM), Zingiber officinale (ZO), Pinellia ternata (PT), Citrus unshiu (CU), and Poria cocos (PC) exhibited significant neuroprotective effects in HT22 cells. In BV-2 cells, JDS significantly suppressed the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), indicating the antineuroinflammatory activity of JDS. In addition, the herbal extracts from ZO, Panax ginseng (PG), PT, CU, and PC exhibited inhibitory effects on the inflammatory response in microglia. These data imply that the JDS effect on neurodegeneration occurs via coordination among its seven components. To establish a quality control for JDS, a simultaneous analysis using five standard compounds identified hesperidin (37.892 ± 1.228 mg/g) as the most abundant phytochemical of JDS. Further investigation of the combinatorial activities of two or more standard compounds will be necessary to verify their antineurodegenerative regulatory mechanisms.
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Evolution of anti-parkinsonian activity of monoterpenoid (1 R ,2 R ,6 S )-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol in various in vivo models. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:351-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fang Y, Dong Y, Zheng T, Du D, Wen J, Gao D, Liu L. Altered Tracer Distribution and Clearance in the Extracellular Space of the Substantia Nigra in a Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:409. [PMID: 28790882 PMCID: PMC5524830 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between extracellular space (ECS) diffusion parameters and brain drug clearance is not well-studied, especially in the context of Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, we used a rodent model of PD to explore the distribution and clearance of a magnetic resonance tracer. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into four different groups: a PD group, a Madopar group (PD + Madopar treatment), a sham group, and a control group. All rats received an injection of the extracellular tracer gadolinium-diethylene triaminepentacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) directly into the substantia nigra (SN). ECS diffusion parameters including the effective diffusion coefficient (D*), clearance coefficient (k'), ratio of the maximum distribution volume of the tracer (Vd-max%), and half-life (t1/2) were measured. We found that all parameters were significantly increased in the PD group compared to the other three groups (D*: F = 5.774, p = 0.0025; k': F = 20.00, P < 0.0001; Vd-max%: F = 12.81, P < 0.0001; and t1/2: F = 23.35, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, the PD group exhibited a wider distribution and lower clearance of the tracer compared to the other groups. Moreover, k' was more sensitive than D* for monitoring morphological and functional changes in the ECS in a rodent model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 HospitalQinhuangdao, China
| | - Yanchao Dong
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 HospitalQinhuangdao, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 HospitalQinhuangdao, China
| | - Dan Du
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 HospitalQinhuangdao, China
| | - Jiexia Wen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 HospitalQinhuangdao, China
| | - Dawei Gao
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 HospitalQinhuangdao, China
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Abdel-Salam OME, Youness ER, Ahmed NA, El-Toumy SA, Souleman AMA, Shaffie N, Abouelfadl DM. Bougainvillea spectabilis flowers extract protects against the rotenone-induced toxicity. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017. [PMID: 28647186 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of two extracts of Bougainvillea spectabilis (B. spectabilis) flowers with yellow and pink/purple on brain oxidative stress and neuronal damage caused in rats by systemic rotenone injection. METHODS Rotenone 1.5 mg/kg was given three times per week alone or in combination with B. spectabilis flowers extracts (25 mg or 50 mg) via the subcutaneous route for 2 weeks. Brain concentrations of the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione, nitric oxide (nitrite), the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (Il-1β) as well as butyrylcholinesterase, and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activities, were determined. Histopathology and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry were also performed. RESULTS Rotenone resulted in significant increases of brain MDA (the product of lipid peroxidation), and nitric oxide content along with decreased brain reduced glutathione. There were also marked and significant inhibition of brain PON-1 and BChE activities and increased Il-1β in brain of rotenone-treated rats. B. spectabilis flowers extract itself resulted in brain oxidative stress increasing both lipid peroxidation and nitrite content whilst inhibiting PON-1 activity. The yellow flowers extract inhibited BChE activity and increased brain Il-1β. When given to rotenone-treated rats, B. spectabilis extracts, however, decreased lipid peroxidation while their low administered doses increased brain GSH. Brain nitrite decreased by the pink extract but showed further increase by the yellow extract. Either extract, however, caused further inhibition of PON-1 activity while the yellow extract resulted in further inhibition of BChE activity. Histopathological studies indicated that both extracts protected against brain, liver and kidney damage caused by the toxicant. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that B. spectabilis flowers extracts exert protective effect against the toxic effects of rotenone on brain, liver and kidney. B. spectabilis flowers extracts decreased brain lipid peroxidation and prevented neuronal death due to rotenone and might thus prove the value in treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman R Youness
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia A Ahmed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sayed A El-Toumy
- Department of Chemistry of Tannins, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M A Souleman
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematic, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen Shaffie
- Department of Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Flavonoids: From Structure to Health Issues. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030477. [PMID: 28304364 PMCID: PMC6155379 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Ma Y, Liu Y, Sun A, Du Y, Ye M, Pu X, Qi X. Intestinal absorption and neuroprotective effects of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05415g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (K3R) has been proven to have biological activities for the prevention and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcong Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Yujie Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Aning Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Yitian Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Natural Medicines
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Xiaoping Pu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Xianrong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing
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Ma X, Xiaokaiti Y, Lei H, Liu W, Xu J, Sun Y, Zhao X, Pu X, Zhai S. Epinephrine inhibits vascular hyperpermeability during platelet-activating factor- or ovalbumin-induced anaphylaxis. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09268g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been shown to play a critical role in mediating vascular hyperpermeability during anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yilixiati Xiaokaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing
- China
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science
| | - Hui Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing
- China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing
- China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
| | - Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing
- China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing
- China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
| | - Xiaoping Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing
- China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
| | - Suodi Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
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