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Lan X, Peng X, Du T, Xia Z, Gao Q, Tang Q, Yi S, Yang G. Alterations of the Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics Associated with the Different Growth Performances of Macrobrachium rosenbergii Families. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091539. [PMID: 37174576 PMCID: PMC10177557 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the key gut microbiota and metabolites associated with the growth performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii families, 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS metabolomic methods were used. In this study, 90 M. rosenbergii families were bred to evaluate growth performance. After 92 days of culture, high (H), medium (M), and low (L) experimental groups representing three levels of growth performance, respectively, were collected according to the weight gain and specific growth rate of families. The composition of gut microbiota showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, and Blautia were much higher in Group H than those in M and L groups. Meanwhile, compared to the M and L groups, Group H had significantly higher levels of spermidine, adenosine, and creatinine, and lower levels of L-citrulline. Correlation analysis showed that the abundances of Lactobacillus and Blautia were positively correlated with the levels of alpha-ketoglutaric acid and L-arginine. The abundance of Blautia was also positively correlated with the levels of adenosine, taurine, and spermidine. Notably, lots of metabolites related to the metabolism and biosynthesis of arginine, taurine, hypotaurine, and fatty acid were upregulated in Group H. This study contributes to figuring out the landscape of the gut microbiota and metabolites associated with prawn growth performance and provides a basis for selective breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Tingting Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhenglong Xia
- Jiangsu Shufeng Prawn Breeding Co., Ltd., Gaoyou 225654, China
| | - Quanxin Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Qiongying Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Shaokui Yi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Guoliang Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
- Jiangsu Shufeng Prawn Breeding Co., Ltd., Gaoyou 225654, China
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Liu X, Li M, Jian C, Wei F, Liu H, Li K, Qin X. Astragalus Polysaccharide Alleviates Constipation in the Elderly Via Modification of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolism. Rejuvenation Res 2022; 25:275-290. [PMID: 36205566 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, whose incidence increasing with age. As one of the main components, Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been used to treat a variety of diseases. This study aimed to explore the effects of APS on the improvement of gastrointestinal functions and learning memory in elderly rats with constipation. In this study, both 16S rRNA sequencing-based microbiome and 1H NMR-based metabolomics were applied to demonstrate the effects of APS on host metabolism and gut microbiota of the elderly rats with constipation. On top of this, we constructed both inter- and inner-layer networks, intuitively showing the correlations among behavioral indicators, intestinal bacteria, and differential metabolites. Our results showed that APS significantly ameliorated the constipation and the cognitive dysfunctions of rats. Microbiome analysis revealed that APS raised the relative abundance of Blautia, whereas decreased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the elderly rats with constipation. In addition, APS decreased the levels of acetate, butyrate, and propionate in the fecal samples, correspondingly regulating glycolysis/gluconeogenesis metabolism and pyruvate metabolism. These findings lay solid foundations for understanding the pathogenesis of constipation in the elderly, and also offer a promising new treatment strategy for constipation in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chen Jian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fuxiao Wei
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huanle Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ke Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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3
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Li H, Zhang X, Gu L, Li Q, Ju Y, Zhou X, Hu M, Li Q. Anti-Gout Effects of the Medicinal Fungus Phellinus igniarius in Hyperuricaemia and Acute Gouty Arthritis Rat Models. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:801910. [PMID: 35087407 PMCID: PMC8787200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.801910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Phellinus igniarius (P. igniarius) is an important medicinal and edible fungus in China and other Southeast Asian countries and has diverse biological activities. This study was performed to comparatively investigate the therapeutic effects of wild and cultivated P. igniarius on hyperuricaemia and gouty arthritis in rat models. Methods: UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS was used to identify the chemical constituents of polyphenols from wild P. igniarius (WPP) and cultivated P. igniarius (CPP). Furthermore, WPP and CPP were evaluated in an improved hyperuricaemia rat model induced by yeast extract, adenine and potassium oxonate, which was used to examine xanthine oxidase (XO) activity inhibition and anti-hyperuricemia activity. WPP and CPP therapies for acute gouty arthritis were also investigated in a monosodium urate (MSU)-induced ankle swelling model. UHPLC-QE-MS was used to explore the underlying metabolic mechanisms of P. igniarius in the treatment of gout. Results: The main active components of WPP and CPP included protocatechuic aldehyde, hispidin, davallialactone, phelligridimer A, hypholomine B and inoscavin A as identified by UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS. Wild P. igniarius and cultivated P. igniarius showed similar activities in reducing uric acid levels through inhibiting XO activity and down-regulating the levels of UA, Cr and UN, and they had anti-inflammatory activities through down-regulating the secretions of ICAM-1, IL-1β and IL-6 in the hyperuricaemia rat model. The pathological progression of kidney damage was also reversed. The polyphenols from wild and cultivated P. igniarius also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the expression of ICAM-1, IL-1β and IL-6 and by reducing the ankle joint swelling degree in an MSU-induced acute gouty arthritis rat model. The results of metabolic pathway enrichment indicated that the anti-hyperuricemia effect of WPP was mainly related to the metabolic pathways of valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis and histidine metabolism. Additionally, the anti-hyperuricemia effect of CPP was mainly related to nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and beta-alanine metabolism. Conclusions: Wild P. igniarius and cultivated P. igniarius both significantly affected the treatment of hyperuricaemia and acute gouty arthritis models in vivo and therefore may be used as potential active agents for the treatment of hyperuricaemia and acute gouty arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qín Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Ju
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuebin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qīn Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Shan B, Chen T, Huang B, Liu Y, Chen J. Untargeted metabolomics reveal the therapeutic effects of Ermiao wan categorized formulas on rats with hyperuricemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114545. [PMID: 34419610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ermiao wan (2 MW) is one of the most frequently prescription in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat hyperuricemia. Sanmiao wan (3 MW) and Simiao wan (4 MW), two modified Ermiao wan, also show good clinical effects in the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. However, their uric acid lowering effects and potential action mechanism still need to be systematically investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of present study was to analyze and compare the uric acid-lowering effects of 2 MW, 3 MW and 4 MW in rat with high fructose combined with potassium oxonate (HFCPO)-induced hyperuricemia and their possible mechanisms through plasma metabolomics methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS HFCPO-induced hyperuricemia rat model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Ermiao wan categorized formulas (ECFs, including 2 MW, 3 MW and 4 MW). Body weight, blood uric acid, creatinine, urine uric acid and urine creatinine levels and histopathological parameters of rats were assessed. Plasma untargeted metabolomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) was established to collect the metabolic profiles of rats and explore the metabolic changes that occurred after each ECFs treatment. RESULTS Oral administration of ECFs could decrease the level of blood uric acid, creatinine and increase the level of urine uric acid and urine creatinine in varying degrees, and alleviated hepatocyte steatosis and atrophy and degeneration of glomerulus, vacuolar degeneration of renal tubular epithelial cells in HFCPO-induced hyperuricemia rats. Plasma untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that significant alterations were observed in metabolic signatures between the HFCPO-induced hyperuricemia group and control group. Thirty five potential biomarkers in rat plasma were identified in the screening by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). Differential metabolites related to hyperuricemia, including acylcarnitines and amino acid related metabolites, were further used to indicate relevant pathways in hyperuricemia rats, including tryptophan metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glycerophospholipid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism. 2 MW, 3 MW and 4 MW could invert the pathological process of hyperuricemia to varying degrees through in part regulating the perturbed lipid metabolic pathway. 4 MW were better than 2 MW and 3 MW in the intervention of the disordered tricarboxylic acid metabolism and purine metabolism caused by hyperuricemia. CONCLUSION In summary, ECFs treatment could effectively alleviate symptoms of hyperuricemia and regulate metabolic disorders in HFCPO-induced hyperuricemia rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baixi Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bixia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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5
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Jin Y, Li H, Wang H. Dietary rumen-protected choline supplementation regulates blood biochemical profiles and urinary metabolome and improves growth performance of growing lambs. Anim Biotechnol 2021:1-11. [PMID: 34658301 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1984247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the growth performance and blood metabolites, as well as metabolic profiles in the urine of lambs fed on dietary rumen-protected choline (RPC). Thirty-six Dorper × Hu lambs weighing approximately 20 kg were equally assigned to three groups, and fed on three diets supplemented with different RPC concentrations (0, 0.25% and 0.75%) for 45 days. Supplementation of RPC significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) and decreased feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) of lambs (p < 0.05). Dietary RPC was significantly associated with elevated plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and suppressed low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) exhibited an increasing trend (p = 0.065), whereas β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) levels decreased (p = 0.086) in plasma. Analysis of urine metabolome revealed that RPC supplementation significantly suppressed urinary concentrations of pyruvate (p < 0.05), while increased urinary concentrations of trimethylamine oxide, p-cresol, phenylacetylglycine and hippurate (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that RPC supplementation can promote weight gain, alter plasma lipid metabolism and modify urinary metabolome which is correlated with energy metabolism, lipid metabolism and intestinal microbial metabolism in lambs. In conclusion, based on our findings, we recommend 0.25% RPC as a supplement for growing lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Jin
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huawei Li
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Scientific Research, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, P. R. China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
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6
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Kuleš J, Rubić I, Beer Ljubić B, Bilić P, Barić Rafaj R, Brkljačić M, Burchmore R, Eckersall D, Mrljak V. Combined Untargeted and Targeted Metabolomics Approaches Reveal Urinary Changes of Amino Acids and Energy Metabolism in Canine Babesiosis With Different Levels of Kidney Function. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:715701. [PMID: 34603243 PMCID: PMC8484968 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.715701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease with a worldwide distribution, caused by the haemoprotozoan parasites of the genus Babesia. One of the most prevalent complication is acute kidney injury, and an early diagnosis of altered kidney function remains a challenge for veterinary practice. The aim of this study was to assess the urine metabolic profile from dogs with babesiosis and different degree of kidney function using untargeted and targeted MS-based metabolomics approaches. In this study, 22 dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis and 12 healthy dogs were included. Untargeted metabolomics approach identified 601 features with a differential abundance between the healthy group and groups of dogs with babesiosis and different level of kidney function, with 27 of them identified as a match to known standards; while targeted approach identified 17 metabolites with significantly different concentrations between the groups. A pattern of significantly altered metabolites referring to the inflammatory host response, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism modulation in babesiosis was presented. Our findings have demonstrated that kidney dysfunction accompanying canine babesiosis was associated with changes in amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and biochemical pathways such as urea cycle and ammonia detoxication. These findings will enable the inclusion of urinary markers for the detection and monitoring of renal damage in babesiosis, as well as in other similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Kuleš
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rubić
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Bilić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Barić Rafaj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirna Brkljačić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Richard Burchmore
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David Eckersall
- College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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7
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Bramham JE, Podmore A, Davies SA, Golovanov AP. Comprehensive Assessment of Protein and Excipient Stability in Biopharmaceutical Formulations Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:288-295. [PMID: 33659867 PMCID: PMC7906489 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Biopharmaceutical proteins are important drug therapies in the treatment of a range of diseases. Proteins, such as antibodies (Abs) and peptides, are prone to chemical and physical degradation, particularly at the high concentrations currently sought for subcutaneous injections, and so formulation conditions, including buffers and excipients, must be optimized to minimize such instabilities. Therefore, both the protein and small molecule content of biopharmaceutical formulations and their stability are critical to a treatment's success. However, assessing all aspects of protein and small molecule stability currently requires a large number of analytical techniques, most of which involve sample dilution or other manipulations which may themselves distort sample behavior. Here, we demonstrate the application of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study both protein and small molecule content and stability in situ in high-concentration (100 mg/mL) Ab formulations. We show that protein degradation (aggregation or fragmentation) can be detected as changes in 1D 1H NMR signal intensity, while apparent relaxation rates are specifically sensitive to Ab fragmentation. Simultaneously, relaxation-filtered spectra reveal the presence and degradation of small molecule components such as excipients, as well as changes in general solution properties, such as pH. 1H NMR spectroscopy can thus provide a holistic overview of biopharmaceutical formulation content and stability, providing a preliminary characterization of degradation and acting as a triaging step to guide further analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack E. Bramham
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - Adrian Podmore
- Dosage
Form Design & Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K.
| | - Stephanie A. Davies
- Dosage
Form Design & Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K.
| | - Alexander P. Golovanov
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
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Vismeh R, Haddad D, Moore J, Nielson C, Bals B, Campbell T, Julian A, Teymouri F, Jones AD, Bringi V. Exposure Assessment of Acetamide in Milk, Beef, and Coffee Using Xanthydrol Derivatization and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:298-305. [PMID: 29186951 PMCID: PMC5765534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Acetamide has been classified as a possible human carcinogen, but uncertainties exist about its levels in foods. This report presents evidence that thermal decomposition of N-acetylated sugars and amino acids in heated gas chromatograph injectors contributes to artifactual acetamide in milk and beef. An alternative gas chromatography/mass spectrometry protocol based on derivatization of acetamide with 9-xanthydrol was optimized and shown to be free of artifactual acetamide formation. The protocol was validated using a surrogate analyte approach based on d3-acetamide and applied to analyze 23 pasteurized whole milk, 44 raw sirloin beef, and raw milk samples from 14 different cows, and yielded levels about 10-fold lower than those obtained by direct injection without derivatization. The xanthydrol derivatization procedure detected acetamide in every food sample tested at 390 ± 60 ppb in milk, 400 ± 80 ppb in beef, and 39 000 ± 9000 ppb in roasted coffee beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Vismeh
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Diane Haddad
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Janette Moore
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Chandra Nielson
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Bryan Bals
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Tim Campbell
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Allen Julian
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Farzaneh Teymouri
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - A. Daniel Jones
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- E-mail: ; Phone: +1-517-432-7126; Fax: +1-517-353-9334
| | - Venkataraman Bringi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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