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Torres MDA, Dax A, Grand I, Vom Berg C, Pinto E, Janssen EML. Lethal and behavioral effects of semi-purified microcystins, Micropeptin and apolar compounds from cyanobacteria on freshwater microcrustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:106983. [PMID: 38852545 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The mass proliferation of cyanobacteria, episodes known as blooms, is a concern worldwide. One of the most critical aspects during these blooms is the production of toxic secondary metabolites that are not limited to the four cyanotoxins recognized by the World Health Organization. These metabolites comprise a wide range of structurally diverse compounds that possess bioactive functions. Potential human and ecosystem health risks posed by these metabolites and co-produced mixtures remain largely unknown. We studied acute lethal and sublethal effects measured as impaired mobility on the freshwater microcrustaceans Thamnocephalus platyurus for metabolite mixtures from two cyanobacterial strains, a microcystin (MC) producer and a non-MC producer. Both cyanobacterial extracts, from the MC-producer and non-MC-producer, caused acute toxicity with LC50 (24 h) values of 0.50 and 2.55 mgdw_biomass/mL, respectively, and decreased locomotor activity. Evaluating the contribution of different cyanopeptides revealed that the Micropeptin-K139-dominated fraction from the MC-producer extract contributed significantly to mortality and locomotor impairment of the microcrustaceans, with potential mixture effect with other cyanopeptolins present in this fraction. In the non-MC-producer extract, compounds present in the apolar fraction contributed mainly to mortality, locomotor impairment, and morphological changes in the antennae of the microcrustacean. No lethal or sublethal effects were observed in the fractions dominated by other cyanopetides (Cyanopeptolin 959, Nostoginin BN741). Our findings contribute to the growing body of research indicating that cyanobacterial metabolites beyond traditional cyanotoxins cause detrimental effects. This underscores the importance of toxicological assessments of such compounds, also at sublethal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Dax
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Grand
- Wasserversorgung Zürich (WVZ), Zürich 8021, Switzerland
| | - Colette Vom Berg
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth M-L Janssen
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland.
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Pawlik-Skowrońska B, Bownik A, Pogorzelec M, Kulczycka J, Sumińska A. First report on adverse effects of cyanobacterial anabaenopeptins, aeruginosins, microginin and their mixtures with microcystin and cylindrospermopsin on aquatic plant physiology: An experimental approach. Toxicon 2023; 236:107333. [PMID: 37951248 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria produce a variety of oligopeptides beyond microcystins and other metabolites. Their biological activities are not fully recognized especially to aquatic plants. Acute toxicity tests on Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor exposed to a range of concentrations of cyanobacterial metabolites: anabaenopeptins (ANA-A, ANA-B), aeruginosins 98 (Aer-A, Aer-B), microginin-FR1 (MG-FR1), microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (Cyl) were carried out to compare their influence on plant physiology. Effects of their binary mixtures were determined by isobole approach and calculation of the combination index (CI) that indicates a type of metabolites' interaction. Cyclic oligopeptides microcystin-LR and anabaenopeptin-A revealed the strongest inhibition of S. polyrhiza growth while other metabolites appeared less toxic. Oxygen evolution was inhibited by Cyl, MC-LR, ANA-A, ANA-B, while both variants of aeruginosins and MG-FR1 did not affect this process. Photosynthetic pigments' contents decreased in S. polyrhiza exposed to ANA-A and Cyl, while MC-LR and Aer-A caused their slight increase. 96 h-EC50 values showed that the growth of L. minor was more sensitive to MC-LR, ANA-A, MG-FR1 and Cyl than the growth of S. polyrhiza. In S. polyrhiza synergistic effects of all the binary mixtures of peptides with MC-LR on oxygen evolution were observed, while antagonistic one on the growth of S. polyrhiza exposed to the mixtures with aeruginosins and ANA-A. The mixtures of MC-LR and MG-FR1 with cylindrospermopsin revealed synergistic effects on the growth but antagonistic one to the O2 evolution. Quadruple mixtures (ANA-A + MC-LR + MG-FR1+Cyl) did not reveal any inhibitive effect on the plant growth and very slight on the oxygen evolution, irrespectively of their total concentrations. Various effects caused by ANA-A and ANA-B suggest the importance of molecule structures of metabolites for toxicity. Composition of the mixtures of cyanobacterial metabolites was essential for the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pawlik-Skowrońska
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzanskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Adam Bownik
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzanskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Pogorzelec
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzanskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Kulczycka
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzanskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sumińska
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzanskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
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3
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Torres MDA, Jones MR, Vom Berg C, Pinto E, Janssen EML. Lethal and sublethal effects towards zebrafish larvae of microcystins and other cyanopeptides produced by cyanobacteria. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 263:106689. [PMID: 37713741 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms affect aquatic ecosystems across the globe and one major concern relates to their toxins such as microcystins (MC). Yet, the ecotoxicological risks, particularly non-lethal effects, associated with other co-produced secondary metabolites remain mostly unknown. Here, we assessed survival, morphological alterations, swimming behaviour and cardiovascular functions of zebrafish (Danio rerio) upon exposure to cyanobacterial extracts of two Brazilian Microcystis strains. We verified that only MIRS-04 produced MCs and identified other co-produced cyanopeptides also for the MC non-producer NPCD-01 by LC-HRMS/MS analysis. Both cyanobacterial extracts, from the MC-producer and non-producer, caused acute toxicity in zebrafish with LC50 values of 0.49 and 0.98 mgdw_biomass/mL, respectively. After exposure to MC-producer extract, additional decreased locomotor activity was observed. The cyanopeptolin (micropeptin K139) contributed 52% of the overall mortality and caused oedemas of the pericardial region. Oedemas of the pericardial area and prevented hatching were also observed upon exposure to the fraction with high abundance of a microginin (Nostoginin BN741) in the extract of the MC non-producer. Our results further add to the yet sparse understanding of lethal and sublethal effects caused by cyanobacterial metabolites other than MCs and the need to better understand the underlying mechanisms of the toxicity. We emphasize the importance of considering mixture toxicity of co-produced metabolites in the ecotoxicological risk assessment of cyanobacterial bloom events, given the importance for predicting adverse outcomes in fish and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin R Jones
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom, B15 2TT
| | - Colette Vom Berg
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 13418-260, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth M-L Janssen
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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4
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Singh U, Gandhi HA, Bhattacharya J, Tandon R, Tiwari GL, Tandon R. Cyanometabolites: molecules with immense antiviral potential. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:164. [PMID: 37012452 PMCID: PMC10069739 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyanometabolites are active compounds derived from cyanobacteria that include small low molecular weight peptides, oligosaccharides, lectins, phenols, fatty acids, and alkaloids. Some of these compounds may pose a threat to human and environment. However, majority of them are known to have various health benefits with antiviral properties against pathogenic viruses including Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Influenza A virus (IAV) etc. Cyanometabolites classified as lectins include scytovirin (SVN), Oscillatoria agardhii agglutinin (OAAH), cyanovirin-N (CV-N), Microcystis viridis lectin (MVL), and microvirin (MVN) also possess a potent antiviral activity against viral diseases with unique properties to recognize different viral epitopes. Studies showed that a small linear peptide, microginin FR1, isolated from a water bloom of Microcystis species, inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), making it useful for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our review provides an overview of the antiviral properties of cyanobacteria from the late 90s till now and emphasizes the significance of their metabolites in combating viral diseases, particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has received limited attention in previous publications. The enormous medicinal potential of cyanobacteria is also emphasized in this review, which justifies their use as a dietary supplement to fend off pandemics in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Harsh A Gandhi
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jaydeep Bhattacharya
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ravi Tandon
- Laboratory of AIDS Research and Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - G L Tiwari
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Richa Tandon
- Department of Botany, S. S. Khanna Girls Degree College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211003, India.
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Nathane Nunes de Freitas P, Kinoshita Teramoto K, Ossanes de Souza A, Pinto E. Evaluation of the Toxicity of Microcyclamide Produced by Microcystis aeruginosa in Danio rerio Embryos. TOXICS 2023; 11:128. [PMID: 36851003 PMCID: PMC9967757 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The genus of cyanobacteria Microcystis is one of the most recurrent in blooms and is associated with the hepatotoxin microcystin production. In addition to cyanotoxins, these bacteria produce a wide range of secondary metabolites with a wide repertoire of activities. The co-occurrence of cyanotoxins and other cyanopeptides during blooming is quite common, and the negative effects are not always limited to one class of toxins, which makes it essential to investigate the toxicity of the other compounds individually. The objective of this study was to isolate the cyanopeptide microcyclamide produced by the strain Microcystis aeruginosa LTPNA 08 by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry with a quadrupole-time-of-flight analyzer (LC-HR-QTOF-MS/MS) and to evaluate its acute toxicity in embryos of Danio rerio through the Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity (FET) assay. The fraction containing microcyclamide (95% purity) caused lethality in 62% of the embryos after 96 h exposure (50 µg mL-1), with evidence of cardiotoxicity (cardiac edema). The calculated LC50 value was 42.98 µg mL-1 (with a concentration range of 37.79-48.89 µg mL-1). The characterization of the secondary metabolites produced by cyanobacteria and the investigation of the toxicity of these compounds individually are essential for the identification of the substances responsible for negative effects on living organisms and on the ecosystem, in addition to assisting in the development of risk management policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Nathane Nunes de Freitas
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil
- Nuclear Energy in Agriculture Center, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13416-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ernani Pinto
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil
- Nuclear Energy in Agriculture Center, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13416-000, Brazil
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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6
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Eusébio N, Castelo-Branco R, Sousa D, Preto M, D’Agostino P, Gulder TAM, Leão PN. Discovery and Heterologous Expression of Microginins from Microcystis aeruginosa LEGE 91341. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3493-3503. [PMID: 36166626 PMCID: PMC9594780 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Microginins are a large family of cyanobacterial lipopeptide protease inhibitors. A hybrid polyketide synthase/non-ribosomal peptide synthetase biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) found in several microginin-producing strains─mic─was proposed to encode the production of microginins, based on bioinformatic analysis. Here, we explored a cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa LEGE 91341, which contains a mic BGC, to discover 12 new microginin variants. The new compounds contain uncommon amino acids, namely, homophenylalanine (Hphe), homotyrosine (Htyr), or methylproline, as well as a 3-aminodecanoic acid (Ada) residue, which in some variants was chlorinated at its terminal methyl group. We have used direct pathway cloning (DiPaC) to heterologously express the mic BGC from M. aeruginosa LEGE 91341 in Escherichia coli, which led to the production of several microginins. This proved that the mic BGC is, in fact, responsible for the biosynthesis of microginins and paves the way to accessing new variants from (meta)genome data or through pathway engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Eusébio
- Interdisciplinary
Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Raquel Castelo-Branco
- Interdisciplinary
Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Diana Sousa
- Interdisciplinary
Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marco Preto
- Interdisciplinary
Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Paul D’Agostino
- Chair
of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University
of Dresden, Bergstraße
66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias A. M. Gulder
- Chair
of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University
of Dresden, Bergstraße
66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Pedro N. Leão
- Interdisciplinary
Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal,
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7
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Lagoutte-Renosi J, Allemand F, Ramseyer C, Yesylevskyy S, Davani S. Molecular modeling in cardiovascular pharmacology: Current state of the art and perspectives. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:985-1007. [PMID: 34863931 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular modeling in pharmacology is a promising emerging tool for exploring drug interactions with cellular components. Recent advances in molecular simulations, big data analysis, and artificial intelligence (AI) have opened new opportunities for rationalizing drug interactions with their pharmacological targets. Despite the obvious utility and increasing impact of computational approaches, their development is not progressing at the same speed in different fields of pharmacology. Here, we review current in silico techniques used in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cardiological drug discovery, and assessment of cardiotoxicity. In silico techniques are paving the way to a new era in cardiovascular medicine, but their use somewhat lags behind that in other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lagoutte-Renosi
- EA 3920 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie-CHU de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Florentin Allemand
- EA 3920 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Ramseyer
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Semen Yesylevskyy
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France; Department of Physics of Biological Systems, Institute of Physics of The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nauky Sve. 46, Kyiv, Ukraine; Receptor.ai inc, 16192 Coastal Highway, Lewes, DE, USA
| | - Siamak Davani
- EA 3920 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie-CHU de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France.
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Antiviral Cyanometabolites-A Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030474. [PMID: 33810129 PMCID: PMC8004682 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Global processes, such as climate change, frequent and distant travelling and population growth, increase the risk of viral infection spread. Unfortunately, the number of effective and accessible medicines for the prevention and treatment of these infections is limited. Therefore, in recent years, efforts have been intensified to develop new antiviral medicines or vaccines. In this review article, the structure and activity of the most promising antiviral cyanobacterial products are presented. The antiviral cyanometabolites are mainly active against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other enveloped viruses such as herpes simplex virus (HSV), Ebola or the influenza viruses. The majority of the metabolites are classified as lectins, monomeric or dimeric proteins with unique amino acid sequences. They all show activity at the nanomolar range but differ in carbohydrate specificity and recognize a different epitope on high mannose oligosaccharides. The cyanobacterial lectins include cyanovirin-N (CV-N), scytovirin (SVN), microvirin (MVN), Microcystisviridis lectin (MVL), and Oscillatoria agardhii agglutinin (OAA). Cyanobacterial polysaccharides, peptides, and other metabolites also have potential to be used as antiviral drugs. The sulfated polysaccharide, calcium spirulan (CA-SP), inhibited infection by enveloped viruses, stimulated the immune system’s response, and showed antitumor activity. Microginins, the linear peptides, inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), therefore, their use in the treatment of COVID-19 patients with injury of the ACE2 expressing organs is considered. In addition, many cyanobacterial extracts were revealed to have antiviral activities, but the active agents have not been identified. This fact provides a good basis for further studies on the therapeutic potential of these microorganisms.
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Souza CO, Teixeira AAS, Biondo LA, Silveira LS, de Souza Breda CN, Braga TT, Camara NOS, Belchior T, Festuccia WT, Diniz TA, Ferreira GM, Hirata MH, Chaves-Filho AB, Yoshinaga MY, Miyamoto S, Calder PC, Sethi JK, Rosa Neto JC. Palmitoleic acid reduces high fat diet-induced liver inflammation by promoting PPAR-γ-independent M2a polarization of myeloid cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158776. [PMID: 32738301 PMCID: PMC7487782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Palmitoleic acid (POA, 16:1n-7) is a lipokine that has potential nutraceutical use to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We tested the effects of POA supplementation (daily oral gavage, 300 mg/Kg, 15 days) on murine liver inflammation induced by a high fat diet (HFD, 59% fat, 12 weeks). In HFD-fed mice, POA supplementation reduced serum insulin and improved insulin tolerance compared with oleic acid (OA, 300 mg/Kg). The livers of POA-treated mice exhibited less steatosis and inflammation than those of OA-treated mice with lower inflammatory cytokine levels and reduced toll-like receptor 4 protein content. The anti-inflammatory effects of POA in the liver were accompanied by a reduction in liver macrophages (LM, CD11c+; F4/80+; CD86+), an effect that could be triggered by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, a lipogenic transcription factor upregulated in livers of POA-treated mice. We also used HFD-fed mice with selective deletion of PPAR-γ in myeloid cells (PPAR-γ KOLyzCre+) to test whether the beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of POA are dependent on macrophages PPAR-γ. POA-mediated improvement of insulin tolerance was tightly dependent on myeloid PPAR-γ, while POA anti-inflammatory actions including the reduction in liver inflammatory cytokines were preserved in mice bearing myeloid cells deficient in PPAR-γ. This overlapped with increased CD206+ (M2a) cells and downregulation of CD86+ and CD11c+ liver macrophages. Moreover, POA supplementation increased hepatic AMPK activity and decreased expression of the fatty acid binding scavenger receptor, CD36. We conclude that POA controls liver inflammation triggered by fat accumulation through induction of M2a macrophages independently of myeloid cell PPAR-γ. Palmitoleic acid (POA) supplementation reduced serum insulin and improved insulin tolerance; Livers of POA-treated mice exhibited less steatosis and inflammation; POA lowered the liver M1 macrophages population and the expression of inflammation-related immune-cell markers; POA increased PPAR-γ, a transcription factor that regulates anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages; However, POA reduced liver inflammation even in mice that lack PPAR-γ expression in myeloid cells; POA controls liver inflammation through induction of M2a macrophages independently of PPAR-γ in myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila O Souza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A S Teixeira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Amorim Biondo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Loreana Sanches Silveira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane N de Souza Breda
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tarcio T Braga
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Camara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Belchior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - William T Festuccia
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiego A Diniz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Glaucio Monteiro Ferreira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology applied to Diagnosis (LBMAD), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology applied to Diagnosis (LBMAD), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano B Chaves-Filho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Y Yoshinaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Philip C Calder
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jaswinder K Sethi
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - José C Rosa Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Maghembe R, Damian D, Makaranga A, Nyandoro SS, Lyantagaye SL, Kusari S, Hatti-Kaul R. Omics for Bioprospecting and Drug Discovery from Bacteria and Microalgae. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9050229. [PMID: 32375367 PMCID: PMC7277505 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
"Omics" represent a combinatorial approach to high-throughput analysis of biological entities for various purposes. It broadly encompasses genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics. Bacteria and microalgae exhibit a wide range of genetic, biochemical and concomitantly, physiological variations owing to their exposure to biotic and abiotic dynamics in their ecosystem conditions. Consequently, optimal conditions for adequate growth and production of useful bacterial or microalgal metabolites are critically unpredictable. Traditional methods employ microbe isolation and 'blind'-culture optimization with numerous chemical analyses making the bioprospecting process laborious, strenuous, and costly. Advances in the next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have offered a platform for the pan-genomic analysis of microbes from community and strain downstream to the gene level. Changing conditions in nature or laboratory accompany epigenetic modulation, variation in gene expression, and subsequent biochemical profiles defining an organism's inherent metabolic repertoire. Proteome and metabolome analysis could further our understanding of the molecular and biochemical attributes of the microbes under research. This review provides an overview of recent studies that have employed omics as a robust, broad-spectrum approach for screening bacteria and microalgae to exploit their potential as sources of drug leads by focusing on their genomes, secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathway genes, transcriptomes, and metabolomes. We also highlight how recent studies have combined molecular biology with analytical chemistry methods, which further underscore the need for advances in bioinformatics and chemoinformatics as vital instruments in the discovery of novel bacterial and microalgal strains as well as new drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben Maghembe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 25179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; (R.M.); (D.D.); (S.L.L.)
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, Marian University College, P.O. Box 47, Bagamoyo, Tanzania;
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Donath Damian
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 25179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; (R.M.); (D.D.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Abdalah Makaranga
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, Marian University College, P.O. Box 47, Bagamoyo, Tanzania;
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Omics of Algae Group, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Stephen Samwel Nyandoro
- Chemistry Department, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania;
| | - Sylvester Leonard Lyantagaye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 25179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; (R.M.); (D.D.); (S.L.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 608, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.H.-K.); Tel.: +49-2317554086 (S.K.); +46-462224840 (R.H.-K.)
| | - Rajni Hatti-Kaul
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.H.-K.); Tel.: +49-2317554086 (S.K.); +46-462224840 (R.H.-K.)
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Inhibition of Porcine Aminopeptidase M (pAMP) by the Pentapeptide Microginins. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234369. [PMID: 31795383 PMCID: PMC6930480 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminopeptidase M (AMP) inhibition is of interest for several diseases, such as highly vascularized cancer types. AMP can be inhibited by linear pentapeptides isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa LTPNA08 (MG7XX). Porcine AMP inhibition—a model for human AMP—activity was spectrophotometrically measured by the formation of p-nitroanilide from L-leucine-p-nitroanilide substrate by AMP. AMP inhibition by MG770 exhibited comparable inhibition levels to amastatin (IC50 values: 1.20 ± 0.1 μM and 0.98 ± 0.1 μM, respectively), while MG756 was slightly less potent (with IC50 values of 3.26 ± 0.5 μM). Molecular modelling suggests a potential binding mode, based on the interaction with the Zn2+ cofactor, where MG770′s extra methyl group contributes to the disturbance of the Zn2+ cofactor complex and highlights the importance of hydrophobicity for the site.
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Fernandes K, Gomes A, Calado L, Yasui G, Assis D, Henry T, Fonseca A, Pinto E. Toxicity of Cyanopeptides from Two Microcystis Strains on Larval Development of Astyanax altiparanae. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E220. [PMID: 31013880 PMCID: PMC6520764 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Absorption and accumulation of bioavailable cyanobacterial metabolites (including cyanotoxins) are likely in fish after senescence and the rupturing of cells during bloom episodes. We determined the toxicity of cyanopeptides identified from two strains of Microcystis (M. panniformis MIRS-04 and M. aeruginosa NPDC-01) in a freshwater tropical fish, Astyanax altiparanae (yellowtail tetra, lambari). Aqueous extracts of both Microcystis strains were prepared in order to simulate realistic fish exposure to these substances in a freshwater environment. Both strains were selected because previous assays evidenced the presence of microcystins (MCs) in MIRS-04 and lack of cyanotoxins in NPDC-01. Identification of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites was performed by LC-HR-QTOF-MS and quantification of the MC-LR was carried out by LC-QqQ-MS/MS. MIRS-04 produces the MCs MC-LR, MC-LY and MC-HilR as well as micropeptins B, 973, 959 and k139. NPCD-01 biosynthetizes microginins FR1, FR2/FR4 and SD-755, but does not produce MCs. Larval fish survival and changes in morphology were assessed for 96 h exposure to aqueous extracts of both strains at environmentally relevant concentrations from 0.1 to 0.5 mg (dry weight)/mL, corresponding to 0.15 to 0.74 μg/mL of MC-LR (considering dried amounts of MIRS-04 for comparison). Fish mortality increased with concentration and time of exposure for both strains of Microcystis. The frequencies of morphological abnormalities increased with concentration in both strains, and included abdominal and pericardial oedema, and spinal curvature. Results demonstrate that toxicity was not solely caused by MCs, other classes of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites contributed to the observed toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Fernandes
- Natural Resources Institute, Federal University of Itajubá, 1303 BPS Avenue, Itajubá, MG 37500-903, Brazil.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 580 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Andreia Gomes
- Natural Resources Institute, Federal University of Itajubá, 1303 BPS Avenue, Itajubá, MG 37500-903, Brazil.
- Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro, Washington Luis Highway, Niteroi, RJ 24310-000, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Calado
- National Center for Research and Conservation of Continentals' Fish-CEPTA, SP-201 (Pref. Euberto Nemésio Pereira de Godoy-Motorway), Km 6.5, Pirassununga, SP 13630-970, Brazil.
- Faculty of Technology, State University of Campinas, 1888 Paschoal Marmo Street, Limeira, SP 13484-332, Brazil.
| | - George Yasui
- National Center for Research and Conservation of Continentals' Fish-CEPTA, SP-201 (Pref. Euberto Nemésio Pereira de Godoy-Motorway), Km 6.5, Pirassununga, SP 13630-970, Brazil.
| | - Diego Assis
- Bruker Daltonics Corporation, Condomínio BBP-Barão de Mauá, Atibaia, SP 12954-260, Brazil.
| | - Theodore Henry
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (ILES), Center for Marine Biodiversity & Biotechnology (CMBB), The School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society (EGIS), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Ana Fonseca
- Natural Resources Institute, Federal University of Itajubá, 1303 BPS Avenue, Itajubá, MG 37500-903, Brazil.
| | - Ernani Pinto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 580 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
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