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Ivarsson J, Bennett A, Ferrara F, Strauch R, Vallase A, Iorizzo M, Pecorelli A, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Gut-derived wild blueberry phenolic acid metabolites modulate extrinsic cutaneous damage. Food Funct 2024; 15:7849-7864. [PMID: 38962816 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01874e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
As the first line of defense, the skin is equipped with various physiological mechanisms positioned to prevent incoming oxidative damage from numerous environmental insults. With persistent exposure to the environment, understanding ways to augment the skin defenses is paramount in protecting from premature aging. In this study, we investigated the ability of five dietary phenolic metabolites, typically found in the bloodstream after wild blueberry consumption, to successfully defend the skin from UV light exposure in a novel ex vivo co-culture model of human skin explants and primary endothelial cells. Skin explants, placed in transwell inserts, were exposed to UV, and subsequently co-cultured with endothelial cells. When the endothelial cells had been pretreated with the bioactive metabolites at physiological concentrations (hippuric acid 3000 nM, isoferulic acid 1000 nM, salicylic acid 130 nM, benzoic acid 900 nM, α-hydroxyhippuric acid 400 nM) cutaneous damage was prevented on the co-cultured with UV-challenged skin explants. Co-culture with non-pretreated endothelial cells did not protect skin explants. Specifically, the pretreatment was able to reduce skin lipid peroxidation (measured as 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts), and pro-inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4). Furthermore, pretreatment with the metabolites prevented UV-induced release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-8 as well as nitric oxides (NO) levels. In addition, the metabolites showed an impressive ability to prevent the loss of cutaneous structural proteins including involucrin and collagen type 1. Of note, endothelial cells cultured with UV exposed skin explants exhibited increased oxidative stress demonstrated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) up-regulation which was significantly prevented in the metabolite treated models. These findings highlight the ability of dietary polyphenolic metabolites to improve cutaneous defenses against extrinsic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ivarsson
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Abby Bennett
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Renee Strauch
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Andrea Vallase
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Kyung Hee University, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul, South Korea
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Sánchez-González JM, De-Hita-Cantalejo C, González-Rodríguez ML, Fernández-Trueba-Fagúndez A, Ballesteros-Sánchez A, Martinez-Perez C, Caro-Díaz R, Guzman CM, González-Oyarce MF, Sánchez-González MC. Efficacy assessment of liposome crosslinked hyaluronic acid and standard hyaluronic acid eye drops for dry eye disease management: a comparative study employing the ocular surface analyzer and subjective questionnaires. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1264695. [PMID: 39144670 PMCID: PMC11323390 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1264695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent condition causing ocular discomfort and visual disturbances, often managed with artificial tears. This study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of eye drops containing Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid (CHA) with liposomes and crocin and standard Hyaluronic Acid (HA) for DED management. Methods A single-blind, longitudinal study was conducted on 24 participants (48 eyes), randomized to receive one of the two treatments. Ocular health measures, including the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and the standard patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) scores, were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks post-treatment using the Ocular Surface Analyzer. Results CHA achieved a lipid layer thickness increase of 1.29 ± 1.08 Guillon pattern degree (p < 0.01), FNIBUT increase 0.64 ± 0.77 s (p < 0.01), MNIBUT increase1.28 ± 4.74 s (p = 0.19), OSDI decrease 11.72 ± 6.73 score points (p < 0.01) and SPEED decrease 1.16 ± 5.05 score points (p = 0.27). Significant reductions in the OSDI and SPEED scores post-treatment were observed with both treatments, indicating their effectiveness. Conclusion CHA with liposomes exhibits superior efficacy compared to standard HA eye drops in the management of DED. These findings highlight the potential for personalized treatment strategies incorporating CHA, indicating a more effective approach to DED management. However, further research is required to validate these results and investigate the long-term effects, which may pave the way for a data-driven and optimized approach to managing DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-María Sánchez-González
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Ana Fernández-Trueba-Fagúndez
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Ballesteros-Sánchez
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Novovisión, Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Martinez-Perez
- Department of Optometry, ISEC LISBOA-Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Romina Caro-Díaz
- Department of Medical Technology with Ophthalmology and Optometry Mention, Medicine and Science School, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carla Montiel Guzman
- Department of Medical Technology with Ophthalmology and Optometry Mention, Medicine and Science School, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | - María Fernanda González-Oyarce
- Department of Medical Technology with Ophthalmology and Optometry Mention, Medicine and Science School, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | - María Carmen Sánchez-González
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Chang W, Chen L, Chen K. The bioengineering application of hyaluronic acid in tissue regeneration and repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132454. [PMID: 38763255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The multifaceted role of hyaluronic acid (HA) across diverse biomedical disciplines underscores its versatility in tissue regeneration and repair. HA hydrogels employ different crosslinking including chemical (chitosan, collagen), photo- initiation (riboflavin, LAP), enzymatic (HRP/H2O2), and physical interactions (hydrogen bonds, metal coordination). In biophysics and biochemistry, HA's signaling pathways, primarily through CD44 and RHAMM receptors, modulate cell behavior (cell migration; internalization of HA), inflammation, and wound healing. Particularly, smaller HA fragments stimulate inflammatory responses through toll-like receptors, impacting macrophages and cytokine expression. HA's implications in oncology highlight its involvement in tumor progression, metastasis, and treatment. Elevated HA in tumor stroma impacts apoptosis resistance and promotes tumor growth, presenting potential therapeutic targets to halt tumor progression. In orthopedics, HA's presence in synovial fluid aids in osteoarthritis management, as its supplementation alleviates pain, enhances synovial fluid's viscoelastic properties, and promotes cartilage integrity. In ophthalmology, HA's application in dry eye syndrome addresses symptoms by moisturizing the eyes, replenishing tear film deficiencies, and facilitating wound healing. Intravitreal injections and hydrogel-based systems offer versatile approaches for drug delivery and vitreous humor replacement. For skin regeneration and wound healing, HA hydrogel dressings exhibit exceptional properties by promoting moist wound healing and facilitating tissue repair. Integration of advanced regenerative tools like stem cells and solubilized amnion membranes into HA-based systems accelerates wound closure and tissue recovery. Overall, HA's unique properties and interactions render it a promising candidate across diverse biomedical domains, showcasing immense potentials in tissue regeneration and therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, many detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms of HA and its applications remain unexplored and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiTing Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - LiRu Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National YangMing ChiaoTung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - KuoHu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Gard C, Cassagnes C, Muller S, Navarro C, Jahier B. Evaluation of a preservative-free, cross-linked sodium hyaluronate-based solution, Lacri + ®, in dogs with dry eye: a pilot trial. Ir Vet J 2023; 76:30. [PMID: 37798810 PMCID: PMC10557273 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-023-00259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this pilot trial was to evaluate the efficacy and benefits of a preservative-free cross-linked sodium hyaluronate solution (Lacri +®, MP Labo, France) in 19 privately-owned dogs with dry eye. The animals were administered 2 drops of the tested product in each affected eye, twice a day (BID) for 30 days. Improvement in the global ocular clinical score (sum of the individual scores for conjunctivitis, ocular discharge, eye irritation, and corneal opacity/pigmentation/vascularization, each rated from 0 to 3) was defined as the primary outcome. Besides an improvement in each individual ocular score, tear film quality (Tear Break Up Time, TBUT), dogs' and owners' quality of life (QoL), as well as an increase in tear production (Schirmer Tear Test-1, STT1), were considered secondary outcomes. These criteria were assessed on D0, D0 + 15 days, and D0 + 30 days. Finally, a qualitative evaluation of clinical improvement was requested from the owners on D0 + 2, + 15 & + 30 days and from the investigators during the follow-up. RESULTS The global clinical ocular score as well as the individual conjunctival and irritation scores improved significantly (p < 0.0001) during the pilot trial. The average reduction of the global score reached 30% on D0 + 15 days and 55% on D0 + 30 days compared to D0. Ocular discharge was significantly lower (p = 0.0002) on D0 + 30 days compared to baseline; however corneal opacity did not show any significant changes from D0 to the end of the follow-up period. The quantitative tear production was increased at D + 30 (p < 0.0001), with a significant improvement as soon as 2 weeks in, with around 30% and 60% of dogs presenting an STT1 value above 10 on D0 + 15 days and on D0 + 30 days, respectively. The QoL score was significantly improved compared to D0 at all time points (p < 0.0001). After 2 days of treatment, 39% of the owners rated the efficacy as "good". The efficacy of the tested product was considered "Good" or "Very Good" by the investigators in 78% and 93% of the cases, on D0 + 15 days and D0 + 30 days, respectively. The tolerance of this preservative-free formulation was good, with only rare and transient minor local reactions, realated to administration rather than the product itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Gard
- MP Labo, 45 Boulevard Marcel Pagnol, 06130, Grasse, France
| | - Charles Cassagnes
- Clinique VetRiviera, 448 Boulevard du Mercantour, 06200, Nice, France
| | - Sarah Muller
- MP Labo, 45 Boulevard Marcel Pagnol, 06130, Grasse, France
| | | | - Bruno Jahier
- MP Labo, 45 Boulevard Marcel Pagnol, 06130, Grasse, France
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A Safe-by-Design Approach for the Synthesis of a Novel Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid with Improved Biological and Physical Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030431. [PMID: 36986530 PMCID: PMC10058433 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polymer with unique biological properties that has gained in interest over the years, with applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and biomedical fields; however, its widespread use has been limited by its short half-life. Therefore, a new cross-linked hyaluronic acid was designed and characterized using a natural and safe cross-linking agent, such as arginine methyl ester, which provided improved resistance to enzymatic action, as compared to the corresponding linear polymer. The antibacterial profile of the new derivative was shown to be effective against S. aureus and P. acnes, making it a promising candidate for use in cosmetic formulations and skin applications. Its effect on S. pneumoniae, combined with its excellent tolerability profile on lung cells, also makes this new product suitable for applications involving the respiratory tract.
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Lin X, Mekonnen T, Verma S, Zevallos-Delgado C, Singh M, Aglyamov SR, Gesteira TF, Larin KV, Coulson-Thomas VJ. Hyaluronan Modulates the Biomechanical Properties of the Cornea. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:6. [PMID: 36478198 PMCID: PMC9733656 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.13.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hyaluronan (HA) is a major constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that has high viscosity and is essential for maintaining tissue hydration. In the cornea, HA is enriched in the limbal region and is a key component of the limbal epithelial stem cell niche. HA is upregulated after injury participating in the formation of the provisional matrix, and has a key role in regulating the wound healing process. This study investigated whether changes in the distribution of HA before and after injury affects the biomechanical properties of the cornea in vivo. Methods Corneas of wild-type (wt) mice and mice lacking enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of HA were analyzed before, immediately after, and 7 and 14 days after a corneal alkali burn (AB). The corneas were evaluated using both a ring light and fluorescein stain by in vivo confocal microscopy, optical coherence elastography (OCE), and immunostaining of corneal whole mounts. Results Our results show that wt mice and mice lacking HA synthase (Has)1 and 3 present an increase in corneal stiffness 7 and 14 days after AB without a significant increase in HA expression and absence of scarring at 14 days after AB. In contrast, mice lacking Has2 present a significant decrease in corneal stiffness, with a significant increase in HA expression and scarring at 14 days after AB. Conclusions Our findings show that the mechanical properties of the cornea are significantly modulated by changes in HA distribution following alkali burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Taye Mekonnen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States,Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Salavat R. Aglyamov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Tarsis F. Gesteira
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
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7
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Sánchez-González JM, De-Hita-Cantalejo C, Sánchez-González MC. Hyaluronic Acid and Galacto-Xyloglucan Eyedrop Efficacy in Young-Adult Oral Contraceptive Users of Childbearing Age. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154458. [PMID: 35956073 PMCID: PMC9369423 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the efficacy of 0.4% hyaluronic acid and 0.2% galacto-xyloglucan for the subjective symptoms of dry eye disease and tear film invasive and noninvasive signs in 34 young-adult oral contraceptive users of childbearing age, a prospective, longitudinal, single-blind, clinical study was performed in a population of childbearing-age oral-contraceptive consumers. Subjective dry eye disease questionnaires, and invasive and noninvasive tear film assessments were reported before and after six weeks of hyaluronic acid with galacto-xyloglucan (HA-GX) treatment versus hyaluronic acid alone (HA). HA-GX treatment resulted in a greater decrease in the ocular surface disease index (17.01 ± 11.36 score points, p < 0.01) than the HA variation (11.61 ± 11.18 score points, p < 0.01). The standard patient evaluation of eye dryness also decreased more in the HA-GX group (4.06 ± 5.50 score points, p < 0.01) than in the HA alone group (0.70 ± 3.16, p = 0.21). Regarding noninvasive break-up time (NIBUT), the HA-GX group’s first NIBUT achieved an increase of 1.75 ± 1.16 s, p < 0.01, while the HA-alone group increased by only 0.54 ± 1.01 s, p < 0.01. The HA-GX group’s mean NIBUT reported an increase of 3.72 ± 5.69 s, p < 0.01; however, the HA-alone group achieved 2.19 ± 5.26 s, p = 0.05. Hyaluronic acid in combination with galacto-xyloglucan significantly decreased subjective dry eye disease symptoms and increased first and mean NIBUT compared to hyaluronic acid alone. Galacto-xyloglucan added efficacy in young-adult childbearing-age oral contraceptive users.
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Sánchez-González MC, De-Hita-Cantalejo C, Martínez-Lara C, Sánchez-González JM. Oral isotretinoin for acne vulgaris side effects on the ocular surface: Hyaluronic acid and galacto-xyloglucan as treatment for dry eye disease signs and symptoms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:959165. [PMID: 35935781 PMCID: PMC9353322 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.959165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose was to assess the efficacy of 0.4% hyaluronic acid and 0.2% galacto-xyloglucan on the subjective symptoms of dry eye disease and invasive and non-invasive tear film signs in oral isotretinoin for acne vulgaris treatment. A prospective, longitudinal, single-blind, clinical study was performed in oral isotretinoin for the acne vulgaris consumer population. Subjective dry eye disease questionnaires and invasive and non-invasive tear film assessments were reported prior to and after 6 weeks of hyaluronic acid with galacto-xyloglucan (HA-GX) treatment vs. hyaluronic acid alone (HA). Participants in the HA-GX group reported a higher decrease in the ocular surface disease index (17.01 ± 11.36 score points) compared to the variation in participants in the HA group (11.61 ± 11.18 score points). Standard patient evaluation of eye dryness also decreased more in participants in the HA-GX group (4.06 ± 5.50 score points) than in participants who received HA alone (0.70 ± 3.16). Regarding non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), participants in the HA-GX group first NIBUT achieved an increase of 1.75 ± 1.16 s while participants in the HA-alone group demonstrated an increase of only 0.54 ± 1.01 s. The HA-GX group mean NIBUT increased by of 3.72 ± 5.69 s; however, the value for the HA-alone group was 2.19 ± 5.26 s. Hyaluronic acid in combination with galacto-xyloglucan significantly decreased limbal and bulbar conjunctival redness classification and SPEED test outcomes. The inclusion of galacto-xyloglucan also increased BUT and mean NIBUT values compared to those obtained with hyaluronic acid alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carmen Sánchez-González
- Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- *Correspondence: María Carmen Sánchez-González,
| | - Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo
- Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Concepción Martínez-Lara
- Department of Nursing, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - José-María Sánchez-González
- Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Pharmacy School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Casey-Power S, Ryan R, Behl G, McLoughlin P, Byrne ME, Fitzhenry L. Hyaluronic Acid: Its Versatile Use in Ocular Drug Delivery with a Specific Focus on Hyaluronic Acid-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071479. [PMID: 35890371 PMCID: PMC9323903 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research is currently being conducted into novel ocular drug delivery systems (ODDS) that are capable of surpassing the limitations associated with conventional intraocular anterior and posterior segment treatments. Nanoformulations, including those synthesised from the natural, hydrophilic glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronic acid (HA), have gained significant traction due to their enhanced intraocular permeation, longer retention times, high physiological stability, inherent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, conventional nanoformulation preparation methods often require large volumes of organic solvent, chemical cross-linkers, and surfactants, which can pose significant toxicity risks. We present a comprehensive, critical review of the use of HA in the field of ophthalmology and ocular drug delivery, with a discussion of the physicochemical and biological properties of HA that render it a suitable excipient for drug delivery to both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. The pivotal focus of this review is a discussion of the formation of HA-based nanoparticles via polyelectrolyte complexation, a mild method of preparation driven primarily by electrostatic interaction between opposing polyelectrolytes. To the best of our knowledge, despite the growing number of publications centred around the development of HA-based polyelectrolyte complexes (HA-PECs) for ocular drug delivery, no review articles have been published in this area. This review aims to bridge the identified gap in the literature by (1) reviewing recent advances in the area of HA-PECs for anterior and posterior ODD, (2) describing the mechanism and thermodynamics of polyelectrolyte complexation, and (3) critically evaluating the intrinsic and extrinsic formulation parameters that must be considered when designing HA-PECs for ocular application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoirse Casey-Power
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Richie Ryan
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Gautam Behl
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Peter McLoughlin
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Mark E. Byrne
- Biomimetic & Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices & Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Laurence Fitzhenry
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
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Sánchez-González JM, De-Hita-Cantalejo C, Martínez-Lara C, Sánchez-González MC. Lipid, Aqueous and Mucin Tear Film Layer Stability and Permanence within 0.15% Liposome Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid versus 0.15% Non-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Measured with a Novel Non-Invasive Ocular Surface Analyzer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133719. [PMID: 35807004 PMCID: PMC9267243 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the stability and permanence of the liquid film created after the instillation of 0.15% crosslinked hyaluronic acid with liposomes and crocin versus the effect of 0.15% standard hyaluronic acid, a prospective, longitudinal, single-blind, single-center study was conducted in symptomatic populations with a novel noninvasive ocular surface analyzer. Limbal and bulbar redness classification, lipid layer thickness, tear meniscus height, and first and mean noninvasive break-up time (FNIBUT and MNIBUT) were performed before and 30 and 45 min after liposome-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (LCHA) and standard hyaluronic acid (HA) eye drop instillations. LCHA had a higher lipid layer thickness than HA (grades 2.00 ± 0.83 and 1.17 ± 0.63 on the Guillon pattern, respectively). LCHA achieved a better tear meniscus height than HA (0.23 ± 0.02 and 0.21 ± 0.02 mm, respectively). LCHA improved FNIBUT and MNIBUT more than HA (for FNIBUT, 6.30 ± 0.94 and 4.77 ± 0.89 s, respectively. For MNIBUT, 17.23 ± 5.11 and 12.41 ± 4.18 s, respectively). Crosslinking hyaluronic acid with liposomes and crocin significantly increases the permanence and stability of the lipid, aqueous, and mucin tear film layers. In a short-term period, liposome and crosslinked hyaluronic acid achieved better first and mean noninvasive break-up times than standard hyaluronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-María Sánchez-González
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (C.D.-H.-C.); (M.C.S.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9554-20861
| | - Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (C.D.-H.-C.); (M.C.S.-G.)
| | - Concepción Martínez-Lara
- Department of Nursing, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain;
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - María Carmen Sánchez-González
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, Vision Sciences Research Group (CIVIUS), Pharmacy School, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (C.D.-H.-C.); (M.C.S.-G.)
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11
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Vigo L, Senni C, Pellegrini M, Vagge A, Ferro Desideri L, Carones F, Scorcia V, Giannaccare G. Effects of a New Formulation of Multiple-Action Tear Substitute on Objective Ocular Surface Parameters and Ocular Discomfort Symptoms in Patients with Dry Eye Disease. Ophthalmol Ther 2022; 11:1441-1447. [PMID: 35567735 PMCID: PMC9253225 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recently, there has been a progressive shift from simple water-adding medications towards complex multi-action combined formulas aimed at disrupting different mechanisms within the dry eye disease (DED) vicious cycle. This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of Trimix eye drops (Off Health Italia, Italy), a combination of viscosity-enhancing hyaluronic acid, trehalose, and cationic liposomes comprising stearylamine and phospholipids, in patients with DED. Methods In this prospective, pilot study patients diagnosed with mild to moderate DED were enrolled and treated with Trimix eye drops three times daily for 2 months. Ocular surface workup was performed before (V0) and after therapy (V1) by means of IDRA (SBM Sistemi, Turin, Italy), for the measurement of (i) noninvasive break-up time (NIBUT); (ii) tear meniscus height (TMH); (iii) lipid layer thickness (LLT); (iv) infrared meibography (percentage of meibomian gland loss); (v) bulbar redness (Efron scale). Treatment tolerability was scored on a visual analog scale ranging from 0 (none/not at all) to 100 (much/very) for eight questions. Ocular discomfort symptoms were scored using the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire. Results Overall, 25 subjects (mean age 60.32 ± 14.55 years) were included in the study. At V1, TMH, NIBUT, and LLT significantly increased compared to V0 (from 0.29 ± 0.06 to 0.46 ± 0.06 mm, 6.34 ± 2.61 to 7.58 ± 2.52 s, and from 63.26 ± 17.15 to 68.42 ± 15.63 nm, respectively; all P < 0.04). Concerning ocular discomfort symptoms, SPEED score significantly improved at V1 (from 16.63 ± 6.32 to 8.30 ± 5.98; P < 0.001); moreover, treatment tolerability was high for all eight items investigated. Conclusions Two-month treatment with Trimix formulation improved objective signs and subjective symptoms in patients with DED, showing also a good tolerability profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Vigo
- Carones Ophthalmology Center, Via Domodossola 19, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Senni
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute-IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Pellegrini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ospedali Privati Forlì "Villa Igea", Via Gramsci 42/44, 47122, Forlì, Italy.,Istituto Internazionale per la Ricerca e Formazione in Oftalmologia, Via Gramsci 42/44, 47122, Forlì, Italy
| | - Aldo Vagge
- Eye Clinic of Genoa, Policlinico San Martino, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Via Balbi 5, 16126, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Via Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ferro Desideri
- Eye Clinic of Genoa, Policlinico San Martino, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Via Balbi 5, 16126, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Via Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Carones
- Carones Ophthalmology Center, Via Domodossola 19, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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12
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Alhakamy NA, Hosny KM, Rizg WY, Eshmawi BA, Badr MY, Safhi AY, Murshid SSA. Development and Optimization of Hyaluronic Acid-Poloxamer In-Situ Gel Loaded with Voriconazole Cubosomes for Enhancement of Activity against Ocular Fungal Infection. Gels 2022; 8:gels8040241. [PMID: 35448142 PMCID: PMC9032757 DOI: 10.3390/gels8040241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal eye infections are largely disseminated, especially in developing countries where they may leave over half a million people blind per year. The current study aims to boost the voriconazole antifungal efficiency via loading it as cubosomes (VZ-Cub) into hyaluronic acid and poloxamer-based ocular in situ gel. VZ-Cub were fabricated applying Box-Behnken design and employing phytantriol, poloxamer F127, and VZ amounts as independent variables. The produced nano vesicles were evaluated for the dependent variables of particle size (PS), entrapment efficiency (EE%), and transcorneal steady-state flux (Jss) of the VZ, and, the obtained optimal VZ-Cub was loaded into an in situ gel base to enhance its ocular residence time. The in situ gel formulation was tested for its gelation temperature, drug release behavior, transcorneal permeation effects, and antifungal activity. The optimized VZ-Cub consisted of 100 mg of phytantriol, 60 mg of poloxamer F127, and 21 mg of VZ. This formulation led to a minimum PS of 71 nm, an EE% of 66%, Jss value of 6.5 µg/(cm2·min), and stability index of 94 ± 2%. The optimized VZ-Cub-loaded in situ gel released 84% VZ after 12 h and yielded a 4.5-fold increase in drug permeation compared with the VZ aqueous dispersion. The antifungal activity, which was obtained by measuring the fungal growth inhibition zones, revealed that the VZ-Cub-loaded in situ gel formulation had a 3.89-fold increase in antifungal activity compared with the VZ dispersion. In summary, an ocular in situ gel loaded with VZ-Cub could be an effective novel nano-paradigm with enhanced transcorneal permeation and antifungal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.); (W.Y.R.); (B.A.E.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.); (W.Y.R.); (B.A.E.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Waleed Y. Rizg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.); (W.Y.R.); (B.A.E.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan A. Eshmawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.); (W.Y.R.); (B.A.E.)
| | - Moutaz Y. Badr
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Collage of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Awaji Y. Safhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samar S. A. Murshid
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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Hyaluronic Acid-Based Wound Dressing with Antimicrobial Properties for Wound Healing Application. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a naturally occurring process that can be aided by a wound dressing properly designed to assure an efficient healing process. An infection caused by several microorganisms could interfere with this process, delaying or even impairing wound healing. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a main constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of a vertebrate’s connective tissue, represents a promising biomaterial for wound dressing thanks to its intrinsic biocompatibility, hydrophilicity and bacteriostatic properties. In this review, different and recent types of HA-based wound dressings endowed with intrinsic antimicrobial properties or co-adjuvated by antimicrobial natural or synthetic agents are highlighted.
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14
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Longo R, Avesani A, Dalla Mura G, Dell’Orco D, Manfredini S, Panozzo G. Clinical improvement of ocular surface parameters in dry eye patients following treatment with urea/crosslinked-hyaluronate eyedrops correlates with the secretion of MUC-4. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2021.1999808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Avesani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Mura
- European School of Advanced Studies in Ophthalmology, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Dell’Orco
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giacomo Panozzo
- European School of Advanced Studies in Ophthalmology, Lugano, Switzerland
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15
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Wróblewska KB, Milanowski B, Kucińska M, Plewa S, Długaszewska J, Muszalska-Kolos I. Novel Formulation of Eye Drops Containing Choline Salicylate and Hyaluronic Acid: Stability, Permeability, and Cytotoxicity Studies Using Alternative Ex Vivo and In Vitro Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:849. [PMID: 34577550 PMCID: PMC8465216 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the potential of a novel formulation of eye drops containing a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-choline salicylate (CS)-and hyaluronic acid (HA). Thus, these drops may exert both anti-inflammatory and regenerative activity. The experiment was conducted through the careful characterization of physicochemical properties, stability, and quality of eye drops. Moreover, microbiological analysis, as well as penetration and cytotoxic studies, were performed. The UV, HPLC-UV, and HPLC-MS/MS methods were used to determine the purity and stability of CS. The penetration rate of CS was assessed using a hydrophilic membrane and ex vivo porcine cornea model. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects were evaluated using the SIRC cell line. The interaction between HA and CS was tested using size-exclusion chromatography and IR spectrophotometry. As a result, HA increased the viscosity of the drops, which prolonged their contact with the ocular surface, thus ensuring more effective penetration of CS into the corneal structure. After long-term storage, an interaction in the pharmaceutical phase between CS and HA was observed. However, this interaction did not affect the viability of rabbit corneal cells. Our findings showed that eye drops with CS and HA, stored at 2-8 °C in light-protected conditions, met the criteria of stability and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Barbara Wróblewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Bartłomiej Milanowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
- GENERICA Pharmaceutical Lab, Regionalne Centrum Zdrowia Sp. z o.o., Na Kępie 3, 64-360 Zbąszyń, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kucińska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Szymon Plewa
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Długaszewska
- Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Izabela Muszalska-Kolos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
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16
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Kotla NG, Bonam SR, Rasala S, Wankar J, Bohara RA, Bayry J, Rochev Y, Pandit A. Recent advances and prospects of hyaluronan as a multifunctional therapeutic system. J Control Release 2021; 336:598-620. [PMID: 34237401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a naturally occurring non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), cell-surface-associated biopolymer and is the key component of tissue extracellular matrix (ECM). Along with remarkable physicochemical properties, HA also has multifaceted biological effects that include but not limited to ECM organization, immunomodulation, and various cellular processes. Environmental cues such as tissue injury, infection or cancer change downstream signaling functionalities of HA. Unlike native HA, the fragments of HA have diversified effects on inflammation, cancer, fibrosis, angiogenesis and autoimmune response. In this review, we aim to discuss HA as a therapeutic delivery system development process, source, biophysical-chemical properties, and associated biological pathways (especially via cell surface receptors) of native and fragmented HA. We also tried to address an overview of the potential role of HA (native HA vs fragments) in the modulation of inflammation, immune response and various cancer targeting delivery applications. This review will also highlight the HA based therapeutic systems, medical devices and future perspectives of various biomedical applications were discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan G Kotla
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Swetha Rasala
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Jitendra Wankar
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Raghvendra A Bohara
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris F-75006, France; Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678 623, Kerala, India
| | - Yury Rochev
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow 119992, Russia.
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland.
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Huerta Ángeles G, Nešporová K. Hyaluronan and its derivatives for ophthalmology: Recent advances and future perspectives. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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Chang WH, Liu PY, Lin MH, Lu CJ, Chou HY, Nian CY, Jiang YT, Hsu YHH. Applications of Hyaluronic Acid in Ophthalmology and Contact Lenses. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092485. [PMID: 33923222 PMCID: PMC8123179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan that was first isolated and identified from the vitreous body of a bull’s eye. HA is ubiquitous in the soft connective tissues of animals and therefore has high tissue compatibility for use in medication. Because of HA’s biological safety and water retention properties, it has many ophthalmology-related applications, such as in intravitreal injection, dry eye treatment, and contact lenses. Due to its broad range of applications, the identification and quantification of HA is a critical topic. This review article discusses current methods for analyzing HA. Contact lenses have become a widely used medical device, with HA commonly used as an additive to their production material, surface coating, and multipurpose solution. HA molecules on contact lenses retain moisture and increase the wearer’s comfort. HA absorbed by contact lenses can also gradually release to the anterior segment of the eyes to treat dry eye. This review discusses applications of HA in ophthalmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsin Chang
- Research and Development Center, Yung Sheng Optical Company, Daya District, Taichung 42881, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (P.-Y.L.); (M.-H.L.); (C.-J.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.N.)
| | - Pei-Yi Liu
- Research and Development Center, Yung Sheng Optical Company, Daya District, Taichung 42881, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (P.-Y.L.); (M.-H.L.); (C.-J.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.N.)
| | - Min-Hsuan Lin
- Research and Development Center, Yung Sheng Optical Company, Daya District, Taichung 42881, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (P.-Y.L.); (M.-H.L.); (C.-J.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.N.)
| | - Chien-Ju Lu
- Research and Development Center, Yung Sheng Optical Company, Daya District, Taichung 42881, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (P.-Y.L.); (M.-H.L.); (C.-J.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.N.)
| | - Hsuan-Yi Chou
- Research and Development Center, Yung Sheng Optical Company, Daya District, Taichung 42881, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (P.-Y.L.); (M.-H.L.); (C.-J.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.N.)
| | - Chih-Yu Nian
- Research and Development Center, Yung Sheng Optical Company, Daya District, Taichung 42881, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (P.-Y.L.); (M.-H.L.); (C.-J.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.N.)
| | - Yuan-Ting Jiang
- Research and Development Center, Yung Sheng Optical Company, Daya District, Taichung 42881, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (P.-Y.L.); (M.-H.L.); (C.-J.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-Y.N.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-T.J.); (Y.-H.H.H.); Tel.: +886-4-25658384 (ext. 3706) (Y.-T.J.); +886-4-23590121 (ext. 32238) (Y.-H.H.H.)
| | - Yuan-Hao Howard Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Xitun District, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-T.J.); (Y.-H.H.H.); Tel.: +886-4-25658384 (ext. 3706) (Y.-T.J.); +886-4-23590121 (ext. 32238) (Y.-H.H.H.)
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19
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CLEAR - Contact lens wettability, cleaning, disinfection and interactions with tears. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:157-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Eftimov P, Yokoi N, Melo AM, Daull P, Georgiev GA. Interactions of Meibum and Tears with Mucomimetic Polymers: A Hint towards the Interplay between the Layers of the Tear Film. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052747. [PMID: 33803116 PMCID: PMC7963170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical findings suggest that mucomimetic polymers (MMP) can alter not only the texture of the aqueous tear but also the spreading and structure of the tear film (TF) lipid layer, thereby allowing for their synchronized performance in vivo. Thus, we aimed to evaluate in vitro (i) the capability of pharmaceutically applicable MMP to ensure the formation of post-evaporative ferning patterns (a characteristic feature of the “healthy” tear colloid) and (ii) the MMP interactions with human meibum films accessed in the course of blink-like deformations via Langmuir surface balance and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). Four MMP were used- hyaluronic acid (HA), cross-linked hyaluronic acid (CHA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and gellan gum (GG)- at the concentrations of 0.0001%, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%. Significant differences were observed in the MMP fern formation capability: CHA (≥0.001%) > HA (≥0.01%) = CMC (≥0.01%) > GG (≥0.05%). All MMP affected the spreading of meibum, with BAM micrographs revealing thickening of the films. CHA was particularly efficient, showing concentration-dependent enhancement of tear ferning and of meibomian layer structure, surfactant properties and viscoelasticity. Thus, endogenous and exogenous MMP may play key roles for the concerted action of the TF layers at the ocular surface, revealing novel routes for TF-oriented therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Eftimov
- Department of Cytology, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Biology, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Norihiko Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
| | - Ana M. Melo
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Philippe Daull
- Novagali Innovation Center, Santen SAS, 91058 Evry, France;
| | - Georgi As. Georgiev
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-218-419-065
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Chopra H, Kumar S, Singh I. Biopolymer-based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:282-295. [PMID: 33143611 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201102140408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is governed by the use of cells and polymers. The cells may be accounted for the type of tissue to be targeted, while polymers may vary from natural to synthetic. The natural polymers have advantages such as non-immunogenic and complex structures that help in the formation of bonds in comparison to the synthetic ones. Various targeted drug delivery systems have been prepared using polymers and cells, such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, nanofibers, and microspheres. The design of scaffolds depends on the negative impact of material used on the human body and they have been prepared using surface modification technique or neo material synthesis. The dermal substitutes are a distinctive array that aims at the replacement of skin parts either through grafting or some other means. This review focuses on biomaterials for their use in tissue engineering. This article shall provide the bird's eye view of the scaffolds and dermal substitutes, which are naturally derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid with Liposomes and Crocin Confers Cytoprotection in an Experimental Model of Dry Eye. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040849. [PMID: 33561944 PMCID: PMC7915152 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition caused by tear deficiency and accompanied by ocular surface damage. Recent data support a key role of oxidative and inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of DED. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely used in artificial tears to treat DED by improving ocular hydration and reducing surface friction. Crocin (Cr), the main constituent of saffron, is a renowned compound that exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was undertaken to assess the viscosity and muco-adhesiveness of a photoactivated formulation with crosslinked HA (cHA), Cr, and liposomes (cHA-Cr-L). Our aim was also to evaluate whether cHA-Cr-L may exert cytoprotective effects against oxidative and inflammatory processes in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Viscosity was measured using a rotational rheometer, and then the muco-adhesiveness was evaluated. Under hyperosmolarity (450 mOsm), the HCECs were treated with cHA-Cr-L. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using the DCF assay. The combined action of cHA-Cr-L produced a higher viscosity and muco-adhesiveness compared to the control. The anti-inflammatory effect of cHA-Cr-L was achieved through a significant reduction of IL-1β and TNFα (p < 0.001). The results also showed that cHA-Cr-L reduces ROS production under conditions of hyperosmolarity (p < 0.001). We conclude that cHA-Cr-L has potential as a therapeutic agent in DED, which should be further investigated.
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In vitro reconstructed 3D corneal tissue models for ocular toxicology and ophthalmic drug development. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:207-237. [PMID: 33544359 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Testing of all manufactured products and their ingredients for eye irritation is a regulatory requirement. In the last two decades, the development of alternatives to the in vivo Draize eye irritation test method has substantially advanced due to the improvements in primary cell isolation, cell culture techniques, and media, which have led to improved in vitro corneal tissue models and test methods. Most in vitro models for ocular toxicology attempt to reproduce the corneal epithelial tissue which consists of 4-5 layers of non-keratinized corneal epithelial cells that form tight junctions, thereby limiting the penetration of chemicals, xenobiotics, and pharmaceuticals. Also, significant efforts have been directed toward the development of more complex three-dimensional (3D) equivalents to study wound healing, drug permeation, and bioavailability. This review focuses on in vitro reconstructed 3D corneal tissue models and their utilization in ocular toxicology as well as their application to pharmacology and ophthalmic research. Current human 3D corneal epithelial cell culture models have replaced in vivo animal eye irritation tests for many applications, and substantial validation efforts are in progress to verify and approve alternative eye irritation tests for widespread use. The validation of drug absorption models and further development of models and test methods for many ophthalmic and ocular disease applications is required.
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Development of a novel hyaluronic acid membrane for the treatment of ocular surface diseases. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2351. [PMID: 33504908 PMCID: PMC7840674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface diseases (OSD) can cause serious visual deterioration and discomfort. Commercial artificial tear solution containing hyaluronic acid (HA) show excellent biocompatibility and unique viscoelastic characteristics. Here, we developed a novel HA membrane (HAM) by chemical crosslinking using 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether for the effective treatment of OSDs. The main purpose of HAMs is to provide sustained release of HA to modulate the wound healing response in OSDs. The safety and efficacy of HAMs were investigated using primary cultured human corneal epithelial cells and various OSD rabbit models. In the dry state, the HAM is firm, transparent, and easy to manipulate. When hydrated, it swells rapidly with high water retention and over 90% transmission of visible light. Human corneal epithelial cells and rabbit eyes showed no toxic response to HAM. Addition of HAMs to the culture medium enhanced human corneal epithelial cell viability and expression of cell proliferation markers. Investigation of HAM wound healing efficacy using mechanical or chemical corneal trauma and conjunctival surgery in rabbits revealed that application of HAMs to the ocular surface enhanced healing of corneal epithelium and reduced corneal limbal vascularization, opacity and conjunctival fibrosis. The therapeutic potential of HAMs in various OSDs was successfully demonstrated.
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Ruiz-Lozano RE, Hernandez-Camarena JC, Loya-Garcia D, Merayo-Lloves J, Rodriguez-Garcia A. The molecular basis of neurotrophic keratopathy: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications. A review. Ocul Surf 2021; 19:224-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Belalcázar-Rey S, Sánchez Huerta V, Ochoa-Tabares JC, Altamirano Vallejo S, Soto-Gómez A, Suárez-Velasco R, García-Félix F, Baiza-Durán L, Olvera-Montaño O, Muñoz-Villegas P. Efficacy and Safety of Sodium Hyaluronate/chondroitin Sulfate Preservative-free Ophthalmic Solution in the Treatment of Dry Eye: A Clinical Trial. Curr Eye Res 2020; 46:919-929. [PMID: 33289602 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1849733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a preservative free sodium hyaluronate/chondroitin sulfate ophthalmic solution (SH/CS-PF) in patients with dry eye disease (DED).Methods: This was a randomized phase IV, multicentric, prospective, double-blind clinical trial. Intent-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were performed. Patients were assigned to receive either SH/CS-PF, Systane® Ultra (PEG/PG) or Systane® Ultra PF (PEG/PG-PF) for 90 days. A total of 326 patients were included in the ITT, and 217 in the PP analysis. Efficacy endpoints were goblet cell density, Nelson's grades (conjunctival impression cytology), tear break-up time (TBUT), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), and Schirmer's test. Other parameters included were tolerability, measured by the ocular symptomatology; and safety, measured through corneal staining, intraocular pressure, visual acuity and adverse events.Results: In the ITT, there was a significant increase in mean goblet cell density in all treatments compared with their baseline (28.4% vs 21.4% and 30.8%), without difference between arms (p = .159). Eyes exposed to SH/CS-PF, PEG/PG and PEG/PG-PF showed Grade 0-I squamous metaplasia (85.5%, 87.9% and 93.2%, respectively). Similar improvements were observed for TBUT (1.24 ± 2.3s vs 1.27 ± 2.4s and 1.39 ± 2.3s) and OSDI scores at day 90 (-8.81 ± 8.6 vs -7.95 ± 9.2 and -8.78 ± 9.8), although no significant intergroup difference was found. Schirmer's test also presented improvement compared to baseline (1.38 ± 4.9 vs 1.50 ± 4.7 and 2.63 ± 5.9), with a significantly higher variation for PEG/PG-PF. There were no significant differences between treatments for any tolerability and safety parameter, nor between ITT and PP analyses for any outcome.Conclusions: The topical application of SH/CS-PF is as effective, safe and well tolerated as that of PEG/PG or PEG/PG-PF. The results suggest that SH/CS-PF may lead to normalization of clinical parameters and symptom alleviation in patients treated for DED.
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Serrano-Morales JM, De-Hita-Cantalejo C, Sánchez-González MC, Bautista-Llamas MJ, Sánchez-González JM. Efficacy of 0.1% crosslinked hyaluronic acid, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E in the management of dry eye disease in menopause patients receiving antidepressants. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 32:658-663. [PMID: 33153310 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120972026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to test non-inferiority of a lower dose of crosslinked hyaluronic acid (CLHA) to a higher dose of carmellose eye drop in menopause patients receiving antidepressant treatments. METHODS This prospective, double-blind, single-center study enrolled sixty female patients. Mean age was 63.25 ± 9.13 years. We examined patients with Schirmer I, breakup time (TBUT) and the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) at the first visit. Tear A eyedrops were formulated with crosslinked hyaluronic acid, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E. Control tear B was formulated with carmellose sodium. Posology was two and five times, respectively. RESULTS After 2 months of treatment, the tear A obtained 14.12 ± 7.47 score points for OSDI (t = 11.74, p < 0.01), and tear B obtained 19.46 ± 10.03 score points (t = 7.59, p < 0.01). The tear A obtained 13.77 ± 7.78 score points for Schirmer test (t = 0.88, p > 0.05), and tear B obtained 14.20 ± 8.62 score points (t = 2.92, p < 0.01). The tear A obtained 8.30 ± 2.08 s for TBUT (t = 15.50, p < 0.01), and tear B obtained 7.23 ± 2.40 s (t = 8.79, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Lower total daily dose of crosslinked hyaluronic acid eyedrops obtained similar efficacy results in terms of tear stability and subjective dry eye sensation than higher carmellose total daily dose. A lower total daily dose of crosslinked eyedrops was sufficient to achieve better dry eye disease management compared to carmellose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María-José Bautista-Llamas
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, University of Seville, Seville, Andalucia, Spain
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Glycans and Glycoconjugates. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 175:231-280. [PMID: 33052414 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates have great potential to improve human health in a multitude of different ways and fields. Prominent examples are human milk oligosaccharides and glycosaminoglycans. The typical choice for the production of homogeneous glycoconjugates is enzymatic synthesis. Through the availability of expression and purification protocols, recombinant Leloir glycosyltransferases are widely applied as catalysts for the synthesis of a wide range of glycoconjugates. Extensive utilization of these enzymes also depends on the availability of activated sugars as building blocks. Multi-enzyme cascades have proven a versatile technique to synthesize and in situ regenerate nucleotide sugar.In this chapter, the functions and mechanisms of Leloir glycosyltransferases are revisited, and the advantage of prokaryotic sources and production systems is discussed. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro pathways for the synthesis of nucleotide sugar are reviewed. In the second part, recent and prominent examples of the application of Leloir glycosyltransferase are given, i.e., the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, glycoconjugate vaccines, and human milk oligosaccharides as well as the re-glycosylation of biopharmaceuticals, and the status of automated glycan assembly is revisited.
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Formulation of hyaluronan grafted with dodecanoic acid as a potential ophthalmic treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sánchez-González JM, De-Hita-Cantalejo C, Sánchez-González MC. Crosslinked hyaluronic acid with liposomes and crocin for management symptoms of dry eye disease caused by moderate meibomian gland dysfunction. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1368-1373. [PMID: 32953573 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.09.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the effect of uncrosslinked and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other artificial tear components in patients with dry eye caused by moderate meibomian gland dysfunction. METHODS Prospective, single-blind, contralateral eye study. Fifty eyes (25 patients) were analyzed. Eye selection for each tear type was random, and the eye drop formulations, 0.4% uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid and 0.2% galactoxyloglucan (tear A) and 0.15% crosslinked hyaluronic acid, crocin, and liposomes (tear B) were used. The determined dosing schedule was three times a day for six weeks, and the study participants underwent a clinical examination before and 45d after lubricant treatment. The Schirmer test, tear breakup time (TBUT) test, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire were applied before and after instillation period with both types of artificial tears. RESULTS On the Schirmer test, a significant improvement was obtained with both tear A (P<0.01) and tear B (P<0.01). On the TBUT test, a significant improvement was obtained with tear A (P<0.01) and tear B (P<0.01). The OSDI score significantly decreased after instillation period with both artificial tear types (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other components, such as tamarind seed polysaccharide, and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with liposomes and crocin are effective for management symptoms of dry eye disease.
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Ercoli J, Finetti F, Woodby B, Belmonte G, Miracco C, Valacchi G, Trabalzini L. KRIT1 as a possible new player in melanoma aggressiveness. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 691:108483. [PMID: 32735866 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1) is a scaffold protein known to form functional complexes with distinct proteins, including Malcavernin, PDCD10, Rap1 and others. It appears involved in several cellular signaling pathways and exerts a protective role against inflammation and oxidative stress. KRIT1 has been studied as a regulator of endothelial cell functions and represents a determinant in the pathogenesis of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM), a cerebrovascular disease characterized by the formation of clusters of abnormally dilated and leaky blood capillaries, which predispose to seizures, neurological deficits and intracerebral hemorrhage. Although KRIT1 is ubiquitously expressed, few studies have described its involvement in pathologies other than CCM including cancer. Cutaneous melanoma represents the most fatal skin cancer due to its high metastatic propensity. Despite the numerous efforts made to define the signaling pathways activated during melanoma progression, the molecular mechanisms at the basis of melanoma growth, phenotype plasticity and resistance to therapies are still under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Ercoli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Finetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Clelia Miracco
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA; Dept. of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Lorenza Trabalzini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy.
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Recent developments in regenerative ophthalmology. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1450-1490. [PMID: 32621058 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine (RM) is one of the most promising disciplines for advancements in modern medicine, and regenerative ophthalmology (RO) is one of the most active fields of regenerative medicine. This review aims to provide an overview of regenerative ophthalmology, including the range of tools and materials being used, and to describe its application in ophthalmologic subspecialties, with the exception of surgical implantation of artificial tissues or organs (e.g., contact lens, artificial cornea, intraocular lens, artificial retina, and bionic eyes) due to space limitations. In addition, current challenges and limitations of regenerative ophthalmology are discussed and future directions are highlighted.
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van Setten GB. Impact of Attrition, Intercellular Shear in Dry Eye Disease: When Cells are Challenged and Neurons are Triggered. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4333. [PMID: 32570730 PMCID: PMC7352662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical component in the pathophysiology of dry eye disease (DED) deserves attention as an important factor. The lubrication deficit induced impaired mechano-transduction of lid pressure to the ocular surfaces may lead to the dysregulation of homeostasis in the epithelium, with sensations of pain and secondary inflammation. Ocular pain is possibly the first sign of attrition and may occur in the absence of visible epithelial damage. Attrition is a process which involves the constant or repeated challenge of ocular surface tissues by mechanical shear forces; it is enhanced by the thinning of corneal epithelium in severe DED. As a highly dynamic process leading to pain and neurogenic inflammation, the identification of the impact of attrition and its potential pathogenic role could add a new perspective to the current more tear film-oriented models of ocular surface disease. Treatment of DED addressing lubrication deficiencies and inflammation should also consider the decrease of attrition in order to stimulate epithelial recovery and neural regeneration. The importance of hyaluronic acid, its molecular characteristics, the extracellular matrix and autoregulative mechanisms in this process is outlined. The identification of the attrition and recognition of its impact in dry eye pathophysiology could contribute to a better understanding of the disease and optimized treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gysbert-Botho van Setten
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Karolinska Institutet, 11282 Stockholm, Sweden; ; Tel.: +46-8-672-3298
- St Eriks Eye Hospital, 11282 Stockholm, Sweden
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Tredici C, Fasciani R, Villano A, Gambini G, Caporossi A. Efficacy of eye drops containing crosslinked hyaluronic acid and CoQ10 in restoring ocular health exposed to chlorinated water. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 30:430-438. [PMID: 32064920 PMCID: PMC7221862 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120907311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: A prospective, open-label study in 20 professional swimmers evaluated the efficacy and safety of an ophthalmic solution containing crosslinked hyaluronic acid, coenzyme Q10, and vitamin E TPGS in releasing eye irritation and restoring ocular surface damages after prolonged exposure to chlorinated water. Methods: Individually, one eye was instilled with the ophthalmic solution and the other used as a comparator. Eye drops were self-administered three times a day for 2 months. Tear film breakup time (primary endpoint), Schirmer I test, beating of eyelashes/min, tear osmolarity, corneal and conjunctival staining with fluorescein, Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, subject satisfaction, visual acuity (secondary endpoints), and Efron Grading Scale were evaluated at screening/baseline (V1), week 1 (V2), week 2 (V3), week 4 (V4), and week 8 (V5). Results: After 2 months, breakup time test significantly improved in the treated eyes (+1.67 s) compared to control (−3.00 s) (p = 0.0002). Corneal and conjunctival surfaces of treated eyes recovered significantly compared to control eyes when assessed by fluorescein staining (p < 0.0001), Ocular Surface Disease Index (p < 0.05), and visual analog scale (p = 0.0348) scores. Improvements were also observed with Schirmer I test, beating of eyelashes, and tear osmolarity, despite without statistical significance. Efron Grading Scale was consistent with the other tests. The ocular tolerability was excellent. Conclusion: The adequate combination of crosslinked hyaluronic acid, coenzyme Q10, and vitamin E TPGS, contained in the ophthalmic solution VisuXL®, has been shown to protect ocular surface from potential damages originating from prolonged exposure to chlorinated water. VisuXL may represent a compelling treatment in other situations beyond dry eye syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Tredici
- Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Fasciani
- Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Villano
- Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Gambini
- Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Caporossi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
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Treatment of Corneal Alkali Burn with Chestnut Honey, Royal Jelly, and Chestnut Honey-Royal Jelly Mixture. BEYOGLU EYE JOURNAL 2019; 4:196-201. [PMID: 35187458 PMCID: PMC8842058 DOI: 10.14744/bej.2019.29290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The alkaline burn of the cornea usually results in a decreased vision with opacification. In this study, we investigated the potential role of endemic chestnut honey (CH) and royal jelly on corneal healing after an alkaline burn. Methods: We created an alkaline burn on the center of the corneas of four groups of Wistar rats by applying round filter paper soaked with 1 N NaOH for 30 seconds. The animals were treated with RJ, CH, RJ-CH combination and Na-Hyaluronate (Na-HA) eye drops. We performed a serial evaluation with anterior segment photography on the first, 7th, and 14th days of the experiment. Pathologic examination conducted with hematoxylin and eosin stains and immunostaining for SMA and α4β1 integrin. We evaluated the corneal healing process with a scoring system, which was estimating the degree of corneal edema, the size of the corneal ulcer, and limbal hyperemia. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups on the first, 7th, and 14th days concerning the healing scores (p=0.88, p=0.06, p=0.80, respectively). However, there were significantly better scores in the repeated measures of CH (p=0.012) and RJ-CH (p=0.00) groups. The RJ group and Na-HA group did not show a significant difference in repeated measures (p=0.19 and p=0.10, respectively). The α4β1 integrin levels on immunostaining showed a significant difference among groups on the 14th day (p=0.002). Conclusion: We found better corneal healing after treatment with the RJ-CH containing eye drops concerning corneal healing sore and α4β1 integrin staining.
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Fallacara A, Busato L, Pozzoli M, Ghadiri M, Ong HX, Young PM, Manfredini S, Traini D. Co-Spray-Dried Urea Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid and Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate as Novel Inhalable Dry Powder Formulation. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:2964-2971. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Onaciu A, Munteanu RA, Moldovan AI, Moldovan CS, Berindan-Neagoe I. Hydrogels Based Drug Delivery Synthesis, Characterization and Administration. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E432. [PMID: 31450869 PMCID: PMC6781314 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels represent 3D polymeric networks specially designed for various medical applications. Due to their porous structure, they are able to swollen and to entrap large amounts of therapeutic agents and other molecules. In addition, their biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, together with a controlled release profile, make hydrogels a potential drug delivery system. In vivo studies have demonstrated their effectiveness as curing platforms for various diseases and affections. In addition, the results of the clinical trials are very encouraging and promising for the use of hydrogels as future target therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Onaciu
- Medfuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23/Pasteur 4-6 Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Raluca Andrada Munteanu
- Medfuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23/Pasteur 4-6 Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alin Iulian Moldovan
- Medfuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23/Pasteur 4-6 Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics-Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pasteur 6 Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Silviu Moldovan
- Medfuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23/Pasteur 4-6 Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics-Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pasteur 6 Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23 Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Medfuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23/Pasteur 4-6 Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23 Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuța", Republicii 34-36 Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Posarelli C, Passani A, Del Re M, Fogli S, Toro MD, Ferreras A, Figus M. Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid as Tear Film Substitute. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2019; 35:381-387. [PMID: 31373862 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2018.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this review is to clarify the role of cross-linked Hyaluronic acid (HA) molecule as a tear supplement and to define its possible applications in dry eye disease. Methods: Current Literature about HA and its cross-linked derivatives has been examined. Results: HA is superior in increasing the viscosity and stability of the tear film compared with other tear supplements such as polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboximethyl cellulose and polyethylene glycol. Moreover, HA can be modified in different ways to improve its properties such as molecular weight, viscosity, and hydrophobicity to adapt the new artificial molecule to different aims. Conclusions: The current pharmacological trend is to improve the properties of HA by cross-linking parts of the molecule to achieve better bioavailability and resistence to degradation. In dry eye disease, cross-linked HA as tear supplement seems to provide better ocular comfort than linear HA and is therefore subjected to growing interest and diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Posarelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and of Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Passani
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and of Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzia Del Re
- Department of Medical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Fogli
- Department of Medical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Ferreras
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Michele Figus
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and of Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Gupta RC, Lall R, Srivastava A, Sinha A. Hyaluronic Acid: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Trajectory. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:192. [PMID: 31294035 PMCID: PMC6603175 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (also known as hyaluronan or hyaluronate) is naturally found in many tissues and fluids, but more abundantly in articular cartilage and synovial fluid (SF). Hyaluronic acid (HA) content varies widely in different joints and species. HA is a non-sulfated, naturally occurring non-protein glycosaminoglycan (GAG), with distinct physico-chemical properties, produced by synoviocytes, fibroblasts, and chondrocytes. HA has an important role in the biomechanics of normal SF, where it is partially responsible for lubrication and viscoelasticity of the SF. The concentration of HA and its molecular weight (MW) decline as osteoarthritis (OA) progresses with aging. For that reason, HA has been used for more than four decades in the treatment of OA in dogs, horses and humans. HA produces anti-arthritic effects via multiple mechanisms involving receptors, enzymes and other metabolic pathways. HA is also used in the treatment of ophthalmic, dermal, burns, wound repair, and other health conditions. The MW of HA appears to play a critical role in the formulation of the products used in the treatment of diseases. This review provides a mechanism-based rationale for the use of HA in some disease conditions with special reference to OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh C Gupta
- Toxicology Department, Breathitt Veterinary Center, Murray State University, Hopkinsville, KY, United States
| | - Rajiv Lall
- Vets Plus, Inc., Menomonie, WI, United States
| | | | - Anita Sinha
- Vets Plus, Inc., Menomonie, WI, United States
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Chávez-Mondragón E, Palacio C, Soto-Gómez A, Villanueva-Nájera M, De Wit-Carter G, Suárez-Velasco R, Baiza-Duran L, Olvera-Montaño O, Muñoz-Villegas P. Efficacy and safety of bromfenac 0.09% and sodium hyaluronate 0.4% combination therapy, versus placebo in patients with pterygium I-III for clinical signs on ocular inflammation. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:781-787. [PMID: 31118556 PMCID: PMC6507105 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s203648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of bromfenac 0.09%, sodium hyaluronate 0.4% (SH) combination therapy, versus placebo and SH in a clinical model of pterygium I–III. Methods: A total of 166 eyes (99 patients) with pterygium grade I–III were randomized to bromfenac 0.09% ophthalmic solution+SH 0.4% or placebo+SH 0.4%. This was a Phase IV, prospective, parallel, double-masked, multicenter clinical trial. One drop of bromfenac or placebo was instilled two times a day (BID) for 20 days, both groups accompanied treatments with one drop of SH three times a day (TID). The primary efficacy endpoints were the conjunctival hyperemia and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score. Other results measured included burning, foreign body sensation, and photophobia. The safety was assessed by the tear break-up time (TBUT), visual acuity (VA), IOP, lissamine green, fluorescein stains, and the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Results: Compared with baseline, there was a significant reduction in the conjunctival hyperemia (p=0.0001) and OSDI score in both groups (p=0.0001). There was a significant improvement in ocular symptomatology for both, placebo/SH and bromfenac/SH groups (p=0.0001), the decrement in the ocular burning was 41.1% vs 24.6%, the foreign body sensation was 31.5% vs 36.2% and, for photophobia was 23.3% vs 30.5%, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed in TBUT for bromfenac/SH (p=0.045), at day 20. There were no significant alterations in IOP (p=0.068) or VA (p=0.632). Similar improvements were observed in the fluorescein and green lissamine staining. Finally, the incidence of AE was similar between groups. Conclusion: The treatment with bromfenac 0.09% ophthalmic solution and SH 0.4% combination therapy for 3 weeks reduced clinical signs, in patients with pterygium I–III. The results suggest that bromfenac 0.09% can improve the symptomatology, reduce the presentation of clinical signs associated with superficial ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Palacio
- Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz, IAP, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Abraham Soto-Gómez
- Catarata y Glaucoma de Occidente, SA de CV, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Leopoldo Baiza-Duran
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorios Sophia, SA de CV, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Oscar Olvera-Montaño
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorios Sophia, SA de CV, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
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Fallacara A, Marchetti F, Pozzoli M, Citernesi UR, Manfredini S, Vertuani AS. Formulation and Characterization of Native and Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Microspheres for Dermal Delivery of Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate: A Comparative Study. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E254. [PMID: 30513791 PMCID: PMC6321467 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work evaluates for the first time the use of urea-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA-CL), a novel derivative of native hyaluronic acid (HA), to produce microspheres (MS) by emulsification-solvent evaporation, for dermal delivery of sodium ascorbyl phosphate (SAP). As the term of comparison, HA MS were prepared. A pre-formulation study-investigation of the effects of polymers solutions properties (pH, viscosity) and working conditions-led to the - production of optimized HA-CL MS and HA-CL-SAP MS with: almost unimodal size distributions; mean diameter of 13.0 ± 0.7 and 9.9 ± 0.8 µm, respectively; spherical shape and rough surface; high yield, similar to HA MS and HA⁻SAP MS (≈ 85%). SAP was more efficiently encapsulated into HA-CL MS (78.8 ± 2.6%) compared to HA MS (69.7 ± 4.6%). Physical state, thermal properties, relative moisture stability of HA-CL MS and HA-CL⁻SAP MS were comparable to those of HA MS and HA⁻SAP MS. However, HA-CL⁻SAP MS exhibited an extended drug release compared to HA⁻SAP MS, despite the same kinetic mechanism-contemporaneous drug diffusion and polymer swelling/dissolution. Therefore, HA-CL formulation showed a greater potential as microcarrier (for encapsulation efficiency and release kinetic), that could be improved, in future, using suitable excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Fallacara
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara (FE), Italy.
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
- I.R.A. Istituto Ricerche Applicate s.r.l., Via Del Lavoro 4a/6, 20865 Usmate-Velate (MB), Italy.
| | - Filippo Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara (FE), Italy.
| | - Michele Pozzoli
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
| | - Ugo Raffaello Citernesi
- I.R.A. Istituto Ricerche Applicate s.r.l., Via Del Lavoro 4a/6, 20865 Usmate-Velate (MB), Italy.
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara (FE), Italy.
- Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara (FE), Italy.
| | - And Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara (FE), Italy.
- Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara (FE), Italy.
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Fallacara A, Baldini E, Manfredini S, Vertuani S. Hyaluronic Acid in the Third Millennium. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E701. [PMID: 30960626 PMCID: PMC6403654 DOI: 10.3390/polym10070701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its first isolation in 1934, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been studied across a variety of research areas. This unbranched glycosaminoglycan consisting of repeating disaccharide units of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and d-glucuronic acid is almost ubiquitous in humans and in other vertebrates. HA is involved in many key processes, including cell signaling, wound reparation, tissue regeneration, morphogenesis, matrix organization and pathobiology, and has unique physico-chemical properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, mucoadhesivity, hygroscopicity and viscoelasticity. For these reasons, exogenous HA has been investigated as a drug delivery system and treatment in cancer, ophthalmology, arthrology, pneumology, rhinology, urology, aesthetic medicine and cosmetics. To improve and customize its properties and applications, HA can be subjected to chemical modifications: conjugation and crosslinking. The present review gives an overview regarding HA, describing its history, physico-chemical, structural and hydrodynamic properties and biology (occurrence, biosynthesis (by hyaluronan synthases), degradation (by hyaluronidases and oxidative stress), roles, mechanisms of action and receptors). Furthermore, both conventional and recently emerging methods developed for the industrial production of HA and its chemical derivatization are presented. Finally, the medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications of HA and its derivatives are reviewed, reporting examples of HA-based products that currently are on the market or are undergoing further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Fallacara
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Erika Baldini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Fallacara A, Busato L, Pozzoli M, Ghadiri M, Ong HX, Young PM, Manfredini S, Traini D. Combination of urea-crosslinked hyaluronic acid and sodium ascorbyl phosphate for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases: An in vitro study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 120:96-106. [PMID: 29723596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated, for the first time, the safety and the biological activity of a novel urea-crosslinked hyaluronic acid component and sodium ascorbyl phosphate (HA-CL - SAP), singularly and/or in combination, intended for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases. The aim was to understand if the combination HA-CL - SAP had an enhanced activity with respect to the combination native hyaluronic acid (HA) - SAP and the single SAP, HA and HA-CL components. Sample solutions displayed pH, osmolality and viscosity values suitable for lung delivery and showed to be not toxic on epithelial Calu-3 cells at the concentrations used in this study. The HA-CL - SAP displayed the most significant reduction in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, due to the combined action of HA-CL and SAP. Moreover, this combination showed improved cellular healing (wound closure) with respect to HA - SAP, SAP and HA, although at a lower rate than HA-CL alone. These preliminary results showed that the combination HA-CL - SAP could be suitable to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in lung disorders like acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, where inflammation is prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Fallacara
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy..
| | - Laura Busato
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy..
| | - Michele Pozzoli
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
| | - Maliheh Ghadiri
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
| | - Paul M Young
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy..
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
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