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Vesaghhamedani S, Mazloumi Kiapey SS, Gowhari Shabgah A, Amiresmaili S, Jahanara A, Oveisee M, Shekarchi A, Gheibihayat SM, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J. Scutellarin, a promising flavonoid in cancer treatment. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:19-27. [PMID: 37080435 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Natural substances are increasingly being used as cancer treatments. Scutellarin, as a flavonoid, recently has been identified in a Chinese herbal extract called Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.). Scutellarin is being researched for its potential benefits due to the discovery that it possesses a variety of biological effects, such as neuroprotective, anti-coagulant, and anti-viral. In addition to these biological functions, scutellarin has also been found to have anti-tumor properties. Scutellarin first inhibits the activity of tumor cells by altering cancer cell signaling pathways such as Jak/STAT, ERK/AMPK, and Wnt/β-catenin. Additionally, scutellarin activates intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, which causes the death of tumor cells, interrupts the cell cycle, and promotes its arrest. By limiting metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and other tumorigenic processes, scutellarin also reduces the aggressiveness of tumors. Utilizing scutellarin in combination with other anti-tumor therapies like 5-fluorouracil is another method to overcome tumor cell resistance. Moreover, it has been suggested that certain modifications, such as conjugation with cyclodextrin, aliphatic chains, and hybridization with nitric oxide, can enhance the pharmacogenetic capabilities of scutellarin to decrease its limited water solubility. It is believed that scutellarin may provide innovative chemotherapeutic treatments for cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Vesaghhamedani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Abbas Jahanara
- Pastor Educational Hospital, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Maziyar Oveisee
- Pastor Educational Hospital, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Shekarchi
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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2
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Tuli HS, Bhushan S, Kumar A, Aggarwal P, Sak K, Ramniwas S, Vashishth K, Behl T, Rana R, Haque S, Prieto MA. Autophagy Induction by Scutellaria Flavones in Cancer: Recent Advances. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:302. [PMID: 37259445 PMCID: PMC9962484 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In parallel with a steady rise in cancer incidence worldwide, the scientific community is increasingly focused on finding novel, safer and more efficient modalities for managing this disease. Over the past decades, natural products have been described as a significant source of new structural leads for novel drug candidates. Scutellaria root is one of the most studied natural products because of its anticancer potential. Besides just describing the cytotoxic properties of plant constituents, their molecular mechanisms of action in different cancer types are equally important. Therefore, this review article focuses on the role of the Scutellaria flavones wogonin, baicalein, baicalin, scutellarein and scutellarin in regulating the autophagic machinery in diverse cancer models, highlighting these molecules as potential lead compounds for the fight against malignant neoplasms. The knowledge that autophagy can function as a dual-edged sword, acting in both a pro- and antitumorigenic manner, further complicates the issue, revealing an amazing property of flavonoids that behave either as anti- or proautophagic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India
| | - Sakshi Bhushan
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Samba 181143, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubator (P.B.T.I.), Phase VIII, Mohali 160071, India
| | - Poonam Aggarwal
- The Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Kanupriya Vashishth
- Advance Cardiac Centre Department of Cardiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Rsearch (P.G.I.M.E.R.), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences & Technology (SoHST), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Rashmi Rana
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 122016, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
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3
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Primary and secondary antioxidant properties of scutellarin and scutellarein in water and lipid-like environments: A theoretical investigation. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Sun Z, Xu W, Yuan Y, Song D, Chen H, Luo T, Chen Y. Scutellarein stimulates human sperm function by increasing the levels of intracellular calcium and tyrosine phosphorylation. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14625. [PMID: 36257765 DOI: 10.1111/and.14625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a kind of flavonoid, scutellarein is widely used to protect against various human diseases. Although the protective effects of scutellarein have been well studied, its influence on human reproduction remains unknown. In this research, we evaluated the effect of scutellarein on human sperm functions in vitro. Three different concentrations of scutellarein (1, 10, 100 μM) were applied to ejaculated human sperm. Fertilisation-essential functions, as well as the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) and protein-tyrosine phosphorylation, two factors which are vital for sperm function regulation, were evaluated. The results demonstrated that all concentrations of scutellarein utilised in this study could significantly increase sperm spontaneous capacitation and acrosome reaction through the enhancement of [Ca2+ ]i . Besides, the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of sperm could also be increased by scutellarein. Meanwhile, the sperm motility could be improved by 10 and 100 μM scutellarein, which also make a significant enhancement in sperm penetration ability and hyperactivation. This is one of the limited studies showing the regulation of scutellarein on human spermatozoa functions and is helpful to enrich its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Sun
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Song
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Houyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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5
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Cipriani C, Pacheco MP, Kishk A, Wachich M, Abankwa D, Schaffner-Reckinger E, Sauter T. Bruceine D Identified as a Drug Candidate against Breast Cancer by a Novel Drug Selection Pipeline and Cell Viability Assay. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:179. [PMID: 35215292 PMCID: PMC8875459 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The multi-target effects of natural products allow us to fight complex diseases like cancer on multiple fronts. Unlike docking techniques, network-based approaches such as genome-scale metabolic modelling can capture multi-target effects. However, the incompleteness of natural product target information reduces the prediction accuracy of in silico gene knockout strategies. Here, we present a drug selection workflow based on context-specific genome-scale metabolic models, built from the expression data of cancer cells treated with natural products, to predict cell viability. The workflow comprises four steps: first, in silico single-drug and drug combination predictions; second, the assessment of the effects of natural products on cancer metabolism via the computation of a dissimilarity score between the treated and control models; third, the identification of natural products with similar effects to the approved drugs; and fourth, the identification of drugs with the predicted effects in pathways of interest, such as the androgen and estrogen pathway. Out of the initial 101 natural products, nine candidates were tested in a 2D cell viability assay. Bruceine D, emodin, and scutellarein showed a dose-dependent inhibition of MCF-7 and Hs 578T cell proliferation with IC50 values between 0.7 to 65 μM, depending on the drug and cell line. Bruceine D, extracted from Brucea javanica seeds, showed the highest potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cipriani
- Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (C.C.); (M.P.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Maria Pires Pacheco
- Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (C.C.); (M.P.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Ali Kishk
- Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (C.C.); (M.P.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Maryem Wachich
- Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (M.W.); (D.A.); (E.S.-R.)
| | - Daniel Abankwa
- Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (M.W.); (D.A.); (E.S.-R.)
| | - Elisabeth Schaffner-Reckinger
- Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (M.W.); (D.A.); (E.S.-R.)
| | - Thomas Sauter
- Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (C.C.); (M.P.P.); (A.K.)
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6
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On the Scavenging Ability of Scutellarein against the OOH Radical in Water and Lipid-like Environments: A Theoretical Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020224. [PMID: 35204107 PMCID: PMC8868326 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant capability of scutellarein, a flavonoid extracted from different plants of the Scutellaria family, was computationally predicted by considering its reaction with the OOH radical in both lipid-like and water environments. The pKa and equilibrium behavior in the aqueous phase were also calculated. Different reaction mechanisms involving the most populated species were considered. The work was performed by using the density functional level of theory. The individual, total, and fraction-corrected total rate constants were obtained. The results show that scutellarein has scavenging power against the hydroperoxyl radical similar to that of Trolox, which is generally used as a reference antioxidant.
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He XY, Xu Y, Xia QJ, Zhao XM, Li S, He XQ, Wang RR, Wang TH. Combined Scutellarin and C 18H 17NO 6 Imperils the Survival of Glioma: Partly Associated With the Repression of PSEN1/PI3K-AKT Signaling Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:663262. [PMID: 34568005 PMCID: PMC8460401 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.663262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma, the most common intracranial tumor, harbors great harm. Since the treatment for it has reached the bottleneck stage, the development of new drugs becomes a trend. Therefore, we focus on the effect of scutellarin (SCU) and its combination with C18H17NO6 (abbreviated as combination) on glioma and its possible mechanism in this study. Firstly, SCU and C18H17NO6 both suppressed the proliferation of U251 and LN229 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and C18H17NO6 augmented the inhibition effect of SCU on U251 and LN229 cells in vitro. Moreover, there was an interactive effect between them. Secondly, SCU and C18H17NO6 decreased U251 cells in G2 phase and LN229 cells in G2 and S phases but increased U251 cells in S phase, respectively. Meanwhile, the combination could further reduce U251 cells in G2 phase and LN229 cells in G2 and S phases. Thirdly, SCU and C18H17NO6 both induced the apoptosis of U251 and LN229. The combination further increased the apoptosis rate of both cells compared with the two drugs alone. Furthermore, SCU and C18H17NO6 both inhibited the lateral and vertical migration of both cells, which was further repressed by the combination. More importantly, the effect of SCU and the combination was better than positive control-temozolomide, and the toxicity was low. Additionally, SCU and C18H17NO6 could suppress the growth of glioma in vivo, and the effect of the combination was better. Finally, SCU and the combination upregulated the presenilin 1 (PSEN1) level but inactivated the phosphatidylinositol 3−kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, we concluded that scutellarin and its combination with C18H17NO6 suppressed the proliferation/growth and migration and induced the apoptosis of glioma, in which the mechanism might be associated with the repression of PSEN1/PI3K-AKT signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ying He
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-Jie Xia
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhao
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Qiong He
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ru-Rong Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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8
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Su LY, Ni GH, Liao YC, Su LQ, Li J, Li JS, Rao GX, Wang RR. Antifungal Activity and Potential Mechanism of 6,7, 4'-O-Triacetylscutellarein Combined With Fluconazole Against Drug-Resistant C. albicans. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:692693. [PMID: 34484140 PMCID: PMC8415886 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.692693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased resistance of Candida albicans to conventional antifungal drugs poses a huge challenge to the clinical treatment of this infection. In recent years, combination therapy, a potential treatment method to overcome C. albicans resistance, has gained traction. This study assessed the effect of 6,7,4′-O-triacetylscutellarein (TA) combined with fluconazole (FLC) on C. albicans in vitro and in vivo. TA combined with FLC showed good synergistic antifungal activity against drug-resistant C. albicans in vitro, with a partial inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of 0.0188–0.1800. In addition, the time-kill curve confirmed the synergistic effect of TA and FLC. TA combined with FLC showed a strong synergistic inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation of resistant C. albicans. The combined antifungal efficacy of TA and FLC was evaluated in vivo in a mouse systemic fungal infection model. TA combined with FLC prolonged the survival rate of mice infected with drug-resistant C. albicans and reduced tissue invasion. TA combined with FLC also significantly inhibited the yeast-hypha conversion of C. albicans and significantly reduced the expression of RAS-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway-related genes (RAS1 and EFG1) and hyphal-related genes (HWP1 and ECE1). Furthermore, the mycelium growth on TA combined with the FLC group recovered after adding exogenous db-cAMP. Collectively, these results show that TA combined with FLC inhibits the formation of hyphae and biofilms through the RAS-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway, resulting in reduced infectivity and resistance of C. albicans. Therefore, this study provides a basis for the treatment of drug-resistant C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Yan Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Guang-Hui Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.,Engineering Laboratory for National Health Theory and Product of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Chuan Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Liu-Qing Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Gao-Xiong Rao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.,Engineering Laboratory for National Health Theory and Product of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Rui-Rui Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.,Engineering Laboratory for National Health Theory and Product of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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9
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Fernández-Galleguillos C, Quesada-Romero L, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Souza E, Romero-Parra J, Simirgiotis MJ. UHPLC-MS Chemical Fingerprinting and Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, and Enzyme Inhibition Potential of Gaultheria pumila Berries. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080523. [PMID: 34436464 PMCID: PMC8401902 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaultheria pumila (Ericaceae) (known as Chaura or Mutilla) is a Chilean native small shrub that produces berry fruits consumed by local Mapuche people. In this study, the chemical fingerprinting and antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and antiproliferative activities of the berries were investigated for the first time. Thirty-six metabolites were identified in the fruits by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection, hyphenated with Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-DAD-Orbitrap-MS). Metabolites, included anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, iridoids, diterpenes, and fatty acids. Moderate inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (7.7 ± 0.3 µg/mL), butyrylcholinesterase (34.5 ± 0.5 µg/mL), and tyrosinase (3.3 ± 0.2 µg/mL) enzymes were found. Moreover, selected major compounds were subjected to docking assays in light of their experimental inhibition. Results indicated that hydrogen bonding, π–π interaction, and a salt bridge interaction contributed significantly. Gaultheria pumila berries showed a total phenolic content of 189.2 ± 0.2 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g, total flavonoid content of 51.8 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalents/g, and total anthocyanin content of 47.3 ± 0.2 mg of cianydin-3-glucoside equivalents/g. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH (92.8 ± 0.1 µg/mL), FRAP (134.1 ± 0.1 μmol Trolox equivalents/g), and ORAC (4251.6 ± 16.9 μmol Trolox equivalents/g) assays. Conversely, Gaultheria pumila showed a scarce antiproliferative potential against several solid human cancer cells. Our findings suggest that Gaultheria pumila berries have several bioactive metabolites with inhibitory effects against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase, and have the potential for use in food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández-Galleguillos
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Luisa Quesada-Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (L.Q.-R.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-632632811 (L.Q.-R.)
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Ernane Souza
- The Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, FL 33401, USA;
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Casilla 233, Santiago 6640022, Chile;
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (L.Q.-R.); (M.J.S.); Tel.: +56-632632811 (L.Q.-R.)
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10
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Yue GGL, Chan YY, Liu W, Gao S, Wong CW, Lee JKM, Lau KM, Lau CBS. Effectiveness of Scutellaria barbata water extract on inhibiting colon tumor growth and metastasis in tumor-bearing mice. Phytother Res 2020; 35:361-373. [PMID: 32869911 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The plant Scutellaria barbata (SB) is commonly used as herbal medicines for treating cancer. The present pre-clinical study aimed to validate the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CP) recommended dosages of SB water extract (SBW) in treating colon tumors. The content of chemical marker scutellarin in SBW was quantified using UPLC. Mice bearing human HCT116 xenografts or murine colon26 tumors received oral administration of SBW or scutellarin for 4 weeks. Results showed that SBW (615 and 1,230 mg/kg) and scutellarin (7 mg/kg) treatments significantly reduced human xenograft weights by 28.7, 36.9 and 28.8%, respectively. Lung metastasis area could be ameliorated after SBW (615 mg/kg) and scutellarin (7 mg/kg) treatments by 23.4 and 29.5%, respectively. Expressions of colon cancer metastasis-related proteins E-cadherin, Tspan 8 and CXCR4, as well as Src kinase in tumors were first shown to be regulated by SBW. Furthermore, in murine colon26 tumor-bearing mice, SBW (615 mg/kg) and scutellarin (7 mg/kg) treatments reduced the orthotopic tumor burden by 94.7% and lung metastatic tumor burden by 94.1%, respectively. Our findings provided evidences that SBW (at the mouse equivalent dosages to clinical dosages recommended by CP) could exert anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects in colon cancer animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yuk-Yu Chan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Si Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Wai Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Julia Kin-Ming Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Kit-Man Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Li T, Wu D, Yang Y, Xiao T, Han Y, Li J, Liu T, Li L, Dai Z, Li Y, Fu X. Synthesis, pharmacological evaluation and mechanistic study of scutellarin methyl ester -4'-dipeptide conjugates for the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in rat pups. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:103980. [PMID: 32540782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel scutellarin methyl ester-4'-dipeptide conjugates exhibiting active transport characteristics and protection against pathological damage caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) were successfully designed and synthesized. The physiochemical properties of the obtained compounds, as well as the Caco-2 cell-based permeability and uptake into hPepT1-MDCK cells were evaluated using various analytical methods. Scutellarin methyl ester-4'-Val-homo-Leu dipeptide (5k) was determined as the optimal candidate with a high apparent permeability coefficient (Papp A to B) of 1.95 ± 0.24 × 10-6 cm/s, low ER (Papp BL to AP/Papp AP to BL) of 0.52 in Caco-2 cells, and high uptake of 25.47 μmol/mg/min in hPepT1-MDCK cells. Comprehensive mechanistic studies demonstrated that pre-treatment of PC12 cells with 5k resulted in more potent anti-oxidative activity, which was manifested by a significant decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, attenuation of the H2O2-induced apoptotic cell accumulation in the sub-G1 peak, and improvement in the expression of the relevant apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, and cleave-caspase-3). Moreover, evaluation of in vivo neuroprotective characteristics in hypoxic-ischemic rat pups revealed that 5k significantly reduced infarction and alleviated the related pathomorphological damage. The compound was also shown to ameliorate the neurological deficit at 48 h as well as to decrease the brain tissue loss at 4 weeks. Conjugate 5k was demonstrated to reduce the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP-converting enzyme-1 (BACE-1) expression. Pharmacokinetic characterization of 5k indicated favorable druggability and pharmacokinetic properties. The conducted docking studies revealed optimal binding of 5k to PepT1. Hydrogen bonding as well as cation-π interactions with the corresponding amino acid residues in the target active site were clearly observed. The obtained results suggest 5k as a potential candidate for anti-HIE therapy, which merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Dirong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second People's Hospital of Jiangyou City, Jiangyou City 621701, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yilin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zeqin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaozhong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China.
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12
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Ye J, Gao M, Guo X, Zhang H, Jiang F. Breviscapine suppresses the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer through regulating PAQR4-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110223. [PMID: 32413672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed tumors of men, leads to poor quality of life. Previous studies have shown that breviscapine (BRE) exerts therapeutic activity in malignant tumors. However, the role and mechanism of BRE exhibit an anti-tumor effect on prostate cancer are largely unknown. METHODS The mRNA and protein levels in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines were measured using RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in both PC3 and DU145 cells were evaluated using CCK-8 and Transwell assay. The effect of BRE on cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating the PAQR4-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo was determined. RESULTS PAQR4 was significantly overexpressed in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines, which was positively correlated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of PAQR4 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of both PC3 and DU145 cells. Mechanistically, BRE treatment significantly suppressed the malignant biological behavior of both prostate cancer cells by downregulating PAQR4 and blocking the PI3K/Akt pathway. In vivo experiments, BRE administration remarkably inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in a xenograft model of prostate cancer. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that BRE exerts anti-tumor and anti-metastasis roles in prostate cancer by inhibiting PAQR4-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway, which provides a new therapeutic agent for prostate cancer clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Nanyang Second People's Hospital of Henan Province, Nanyang, 473000, Henan, China.
| | - Mingquan Gao
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xinwu Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanyang Second People's Hospital of Henan Province, Nanyang, 473000, Henan, China.
| | - Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201403, China.
| | - Fuchun Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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13
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Huang XW, Xu Y, Sui X, Lin H, Xu JM, Han D, Ye DD, Lv GF, Liu YX, Qu XB, Duan MH. Scutellarein suppresses Aβ-induced memory impairment via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway in vivo and in vitro. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5581-5589. [PMID: 31186780 PMCID: PMC6507344 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The flavonoid compound scutellarin (Scu) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat a variety of diseases; however, the use of scutellarein (Scue), the hydrolysate of Scu, and its mechanisms of action in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the effects of Scue on amyloid β (Aβ)-induced AD-like pathology were investigated. An in vitro model of inflammation and an aged rat model were used to confirm the effects of Scue. In vitro MTT assays and flow cytometry were used to assess the effects of Scue on cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. A Morris water maze was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory, and the levels of Aβ deposition, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, apoptosis, neuro-inflammatory factors and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in hippocampal tissues in vivo were measured to determine the effect of Scue in AD. Scue may be protective, as it decreased the apoptosis of hippocampal cells in vitro, inhibited Aβ-induced cognitive impairment, suppressed hippocampal neuro-inflammation and suppressed activation of NF-κB in vivo. Therefore, Scue may be a useful agent for the treatment of Aβ-associated pathology in the central nervous system through inhibition of the protein kinase B/NF-κB signaling pathway and thus, future studies are required to investigate the efficacy of Scue in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Xin Sui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - He Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ming Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Dong Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Dou-Dan Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Qu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hua Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130107, P.R. China
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Sang Eun H, Seong Min K, Ho Jeong L, Vetrivel P, Venkatarame Gowda Saralamma V, Jeong Doo H, Eun Hee K, Sang Joon L, Gon Sup K. Scutellarein Induces Fas-Mediated Extrinsic Apoptosis and G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest in Hep3B Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020263. [PMID: 30682875 PMCID: PMC6412708 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellarein (SCU), a flavone found in the perennial herb Scutellaria baicalensis, is known for a wide range of biological activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treatment with SCU flavonoids on inducing apoptosis via the extrinsic pathway in Hep3B cells. SCU treatment significantly inhibited Hep3B cell proliferation and induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the expression level of the proteins Cdc25C, cdk1 and Cyclin B1. Allophycocyanin (APC)/Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double-staining showed upregulation of apoptotic cell death fraction. We further confirmed apoptosis by 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorescent staining and observed DNA fragmentation with agarose gel electrophoresis. Further, immunoblotting results showed that treatment with SCU showed no changes in Bax and Bcl-xL protein levels. In addition, SCU treatment did not affect the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in Hep3B cells. On the contrary, treatment with SCU increased the expression of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL), which activated cleaved caspase-8, caspase-3, and polymeric adenosine diphosphate ribose (PARP), whereas the expression level of death receptor 4 (DR4) decreased. We confirmed that the proteins expressed upon treatment with SCU were involved in the Fas-mediated pathway of apoptosis in Hep3B cells. Thus, our findings in the current study strongly imply that SCU can be a basic natural source for developing potent anti-cancer agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Sang Eun
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Kim Seong Min
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Lee Ho Jeong
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Biological Resources Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea.
| | - Preethi Vetrivel
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | | | - Heo Jeong Doo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Biological Resources Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea.
| | - Kim Eun Hee
- Department of Nursing Science, International University of Korea, Jinju 52833, Korea.
| | - Lee Sang Joon
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Biological Resources Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea.
| | - Kim Gon Sup
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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