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Sohel M. Comprehensive exploration of Biochanin A as an oncotherapeutics potential in the treatment of multivarious cancers with molecular insights. Phytother Res 2024; 38:489-506. [PMID: 37905329 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered a leading cause of mortality. This rising cancer death rate and several existing limitations like side effects, poor efficacies, and high cost of the present chemotherapeutic agents have increased the demand for more potent and alternative cancer treatments. This review elucidated a brief overview of Biochanin A (BCA) and its potentiality on various cancers with details of anticancer mechanism. According to our review, a number of studies including in silico, in vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical trials have tested to evaluate the efficacy of BCA. This compound is effective against 15 types of cancer, including breast, cervical, colorectal, gastric, glioblastoma, liver, lung, melanoma, oral, osteosarcoma, ovarian, pancreatic, pharynx, prostate, and umbilical vein cancer. The general anticancer activities of this compound are mediated via several molecular processes, including regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis, signaling, enzymatic pathways, and other mechanisms. Targeting both therapeutic and oncogenic proteins, as well as different pathways, makes up the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer action. Many signaling networks and their components, such as EFGR, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, MMP-2, MMP-9, PARP, Caspase-3/8/9, Bax, Bcl2, PDL-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, JAK, STAT3, VEGFR, VEGF, c-MY, Cyclin B1, D1, E1 and CDKs, Snail, and E-cadherin proteins, can be regulated in cancer cells by BCA. Such kind of anticancer properties of BCA could be a result of its correct structural chemistry. The use of BCA-based therapies as nano-carriers for the delivery of chemotherapeutic medicines has the potential to be very effective. This natural compound synergises with other natural compounds and standard drugs, including sorafenib, 5-fluorouracil, temozolomide, doxorubicin, apigenin, and genistein. Moreover, proper use of this compound can reverse multidrug resistance through numerous mechanisms. BCA has better drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties and is nontoxic (eye, liver, kidney, skin, cardio) in human bodies. As having a wide range of cancer-fighting mechanisms, synergistic effects, and good pharmacokinetic properties, BCA can be used as a supplementary food until standard drugs are available at pharma markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
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2
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Feng Z, Zhang N, Bai J, Lin QY, Xie Y, Xia YL. Biochanin A inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116002. [PMID: 38091641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The heart undergoes pathological cardiac hypertrophy as an adaptive response to prolonged pathological stimulation, leading to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibroblast proliferation, and an increase in extracellular matrix. Chinese medicine monomers are now receiving much attention for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial remodeling. Biochanin A (BCA) is a kind of flavonoid structural monomer, which has a certain therapeutic effect on bone thinning disease, aging syndrome, lung cancer, etc. Moreover, it exhibits hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-bacteria and other pharmacological properties. It is still unknown whether BCA has an impact on the mechanism of TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Here, cardiac remodeling was induced by TAC. BCA was injected intraperitoneally at 25 and 50 mg/kg/day one week in advance. Masson, WGA, DHE and other pathological staining and serum were used to detect the inhibitory effect of BCA on cardiac hypertrophy in mice. The anti-hypertrophic effect of BCA was demonstrated by studying the pathological manifestations of Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in vitro. The results showed that BCA significantly reduced TAC-induced fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and myocardial hypertrophy. BCA inhibited Ang II-induced cell hypertrophy and oxidative stress in NRCMs in vitro and Ang II-induced CF migration, proliferation, and collagen secretion. This suggests that BCA plays a key role in inhibiting the progression of myocardial remodeling, suggesting that BCA may be a promising agent for the treatment of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Feng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yue Lin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Long Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
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Qiu Y, Huang S, Zhu M. The molecular targets of Kangai injection in gastric cancer by in silico network pharmacology approach and experiment confirmation. J Appl Biomed 2023; 21:150-159. [PMID: 37747314 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents that could target gastric cancer in Kangai injection using a network pharmacology-based approach. METHODS Protein-protein interactions (PPI), Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were conducted utilizing String and OmicShare tools. In the in vitro experiments, the related mRNA and protein levels were assessed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Cell proliferation was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS Kangai injection comprises several compounds, which target multiple substrates and pathways related to gastric cancer. The PPI and Gene Ontology analyses revealed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was a hub gene. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the the TNF pathway was significantly enriched. Kangai injection decreased the mRNA levels of TNFR2, TRAF2, PI3K, AKT, and IκBα and inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and IκBα phosphorylations. Kangai injection inhibited cell proliferation, while TNFR2 overexpression or treatment with the PI3K activator 740 Y-P partially restored it. CONCLUSION Kangai injection operates through multiple targets and pathways in gastric cancer, with the TNFR2/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway playing a crucial role in its mechanism against gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Qiu
- ShangRao People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, ShangRao, Jiangxi 334000, China
| | - Sujun Huang
- ShangRao People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, ShangRao, Jiangxi 334000, China
| | - Minfang Zhu
- ShangRao People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, ShangRao, Jiangxi 334000, China
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4
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Gupta N, Kumar H, Gupta S, S M B, Saini K. A Concise Review on Natural Products and Their Derivatives for Breast Cancer Treatment. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300688. [PMID: 37431959 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Among other cancers, breast cancer has been found to produce maximum number of cases in 2020. Different factors including geographical, genetic, hormonal, oral contraceptives and modern lifestyle could be responsible for the development of breast cancer and different pathways can be targeted for breast cancer treatment. The various conventional approaches used for the treatment of breast cancer including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone and immunotherapy. But due to the side effects associated with these conventional treatments such as non-selectivity, multidrug resistance and bioavailability, there is a need for the development of better therapeutic agents for breast cancer treatment. Several natural products have been explored for breast cancer treatment. However, many of these natural products suffered from the limitations of poor water solubility and possess toxic side effects. To overcome these limitations, several structural analogs of natural products have been synthesized and possess potent anti-breast cancer effects with less side effects over their precursor molecules. In the present manuscript, we describe the pathogenesis of breast cancer, some potent natural products used in the treatment of breast cancer and their selected structural analogs possessing potent anti-breast cancer effects. Database such as Science direct, Pubmed and Google scholar were searched using keywords 'risk factors', 'screening methods','receptors', and 'natural products and derivatives', Registered clinical trials on selected natural products were also analyzed. Present study concludes that eight selected natural products and their derivatives possess wide potential to exhibit anti-breast cancer effects and could be explored further to develop better chemotherapeutic agents against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, 133207
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, 133207
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, 133207
| | - Basavarajaiah S M
- PG Department of Chemistry, Vijaya College, RV Road, Bengaluru, 560004
| | - Kamal Saini
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, 133207
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Li Y, Yang H, Yu B, Wang J, Zhu M, Liu J, Zheng Z, Qian Z, Wei L, Lv H, Zhang L, Xu Y. Fermentation improves flavors, bioactive substances, and antioxidant capacity of Bian-Que Triple-Bean Soup by lactic acid bacteria. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1152654. [PMID: 37533834 PMCID: PMC10390724 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1152654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ancient traditional Chinese drink Bian-Que Triple-Bean Soup made by fermentation (FTBS) of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis YM313 and Lacticaseibacillus casei YQ336 is a potential functional drink. The effect of fermentation on the flavor and biological activity of FTBS was evaluated by analyzing its chemical composition. Five volatile flavors were detected in modified FTBS. Fermentation decreased the proportion of nonanal (beany flavor substances) but significantly increased the total flavone contents, phenol contents and many bioactive small molecule substances in FTBS. The changes of these substances led to the significant improvement of FTBS sensory evaluation, antioxidant activity and prebiotic potential. This research provides a theoretical basis for the application of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the fermentation of edible plant-based foods and transformation from traditional food to industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huixin Yang
- Comparative Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiayao Wang
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Manli Zhu
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Zheng
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhenning Qian
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Linya Wei
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huanyong Lv
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yunhe Xu
- College of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Aba PE, Ihedioha JI, Asuzu IU. A review of the mechanisms of anti-cancer activities of some medicinal plants-biochemical perspectives. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 34:419-428. [PMID: 34936737 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease resulting in unbridled growth of cells due to dysregulation in the balance of cell populations. Various management procedures in handling cases of cancer are not without their adverse side effects on the normal cells. Medicinal plants/herbs have been in use in the management of various ailments, including cancer, for a long time. Medicinal plants have been credited with wide safety margins, cost effectiveness, availability and diverse activities. This study reviewed various mechanisms of anti-cancer activities of some medicinal plants from a biochemical perspective. The mechanisms of anti-cancer activities of plant compounds addressed in this article include induction of apoptosis, anti-angiogenic effects, anti-metastasis, inhibition of cell cycle, inhibition of DNA destruction and effects on key enzymes, cytotoxic and anti-oxidant effects. The anti-cancer activities of some of the plants involve more than one mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Aba
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - John I Ihedioha
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Isaac U Asuzu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Li J, Kou Y, Zhang X, Xiao X, Ou Y, Cao L, Guo M, Qi C, Wang Z, Liu Y, Shuai Q, Wang H, Yang S. Biochanin A inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression by targeting ZEB1. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:138. [PMID: 36512117 PMCID: PMC9748019 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00601-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is the major subtype of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 40% of lung cancers. During clinical treatment, the emergence of chemotherapy resistance seriously affects the effectiveness of treatment. Thus, finding new chemotherapeutic sensitizers is considered to be one of the effective solutions. Biochanin A, as a naturally occurring isoflavone, has been demonstrated to exhibit anticancer effects in various tumors. However, the potential mechanisms of Biochanin A to inhibit tumor development have not been clarified. In the present study, we found that the combinational treatment of cisplatin and Biochanin A exhibited strong synergistic repression on lung adenocarcinoma growth and progression in vitro and in vivo. Considering that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recognized to be associated with both chemoresistance and metastasis, we examined the EMT-related markers and found that Biochanin A could specifically inhibit the expression of ZEB1. Importantly, Biochanin A chemosensitizes lung adenocarcinoma and inhibits cancer cell metastasis by suppressing ZEB1. At the molecular level, Biochanin A affects the stability of ZEB1 protein through the deubiquitination pathway and thereby influences the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, our finding elucidates the potential efficacy of Bichanin A as a chemosensitizer and provides new strategy for the chemotherapy of advanced lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215006, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Kou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuechun Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Ou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixia Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunchun Qi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuying Shuai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
- Medical College of Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
- Institute of Transplantation Medicine, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
- Medical College of Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Role of ginsenoside Rh2 in tumor therapy and tumor microenvironment immunomodulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Potential of ginsenoside Rh 2and its derivatives as anti-cancer agents. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:881-901. [PMID: 36549803 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As a steroid skeleton-based saponin, ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) is one of the major bioactive ginsenosides from the plants of genus Panax L. Many studies have reported the notable pharmacological activities of G-Rh2 such as anticancer, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antiallergic, antidiabetic, and anti-Alzheimer's activities. Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated the great potential of G-Rh2 in the treatment of a wide range of carcinomatous diseases in vitro and in vivo. G-Rh2 is able to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, retard metastasis, promote differentiation, enhance chemotherapy and reverse multi-drug resistance against multiple tumor cells. The present review mainly summarizes the anticancer effects and related mechanisms of G-Rh2 in various models as well as the recent advances in G-Rh2 delivery systems and structural modification to ameliorate its anticancer activity and pharmacokinetics characteristics.
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10
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Fan M, Shan M, Lan X, Fang X, Song D, Luo H, Wu D. Anti-cancer effect and potential microRNAs targets of ginsenosides against breast cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1033017. [PMID: 36278171 PMCID: PMC9581320 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1033017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumor, the incidence of which has increased worldwide in recent years. Ginsenosides are the main active components of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that ginsenosides have significant anti-cancer activity, including BC. It is reported that ginsenosides can induce BC cells apoptosis, inhibit BC cells proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as autophagy and angiogenesis, thereby suppress the procession of BC. In this review, the therapeutic effects and the molecular mechanisms of ginsenosides on BC will be summarized. And the combination strategy of ginsenosides with other drugs on BC will also be discussed. In addition, epigenetic changes, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) targeted by ginsenosides in the treatment of BC are clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Fan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mengyao Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xintian Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dimeng Song
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haoming Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Haoming Luo, ; Donglu Wu,
| | - Donglu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- School of Clinical Medical, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Haoming Luo, ; Donglu Wu,
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11
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Yang GJ, Liu YJ, Ding LJ, Tao F, Zhu MH, Shi ZY, Wen JM, Niu MY, Li X, Xu ZS, Qin WJ, Fei CJ, Chen J. A state-of-the-art review on LSD1 and its inhibitors in breast cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:989575. [PMID: 36188536 PMCID: PMC9523086 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.989575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a kind of malignant cancer in women, and it has become the most diagnosed cancer worldwide since 2020. Histone methylation is a common biological epigenetic modification mediating varieties of physiological and pathological processes. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), a first identified histone demethylase, mediates the removal of methyl groups from histones H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2 and plays a crucial role in varieties of cancer progression. It is also specifically amplified in breast cancer and contributes to BC tumorigenesis and drug resistance via both demethylase and non-demethylase manners. This review will provide insight into the overview structure of LSD1, summarize its action mechanisms in BC, describe the therapeutic potential of LSD1 inhibitors in BC, and prospect the current opportunities and challenges of targeting LSD1 for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li-Jian Ding
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fan Tao
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Shi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Juan-Ming Wen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Meng-Yao Niu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhan-Song Xu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wan-Jia Qin
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chen-Jie Fei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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12
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Pharmacological Inhibition of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Breast Cancer Progression. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134049. [PMID: 35807290 PMCID: PMC9268373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule, is associated with the development of various malignancies via modulating various cellular signaling cascades. Published research has established the fact that inhibition of endogenous H2S production or exposure of H2S donors is an effective approach against cancer progression. However, the effect of pharmacological inhibition of endogenous H2S-producing enzymes (cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST)) on the growth of breast cancer (BC) remains unknown. In the present study, DL-propargylglycine (PAG, inhibitor of CSE), aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA, inhibitor of CBS), and L-aspartic acid (L-Asp, inhibitor of 3-MPST) were used to determine the role of endogenous H2S in the growth of BC by in vitro and in vivo experiments. An in silico study was also performed to confirm the results. Corresponding to each enzyme in separate groups, we treated BC cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) with 10 mM of PAG, AOAA, and L-Asp for 24 h. Findings reveal that the combined dose (PAG + AOAA + L-Asp) group showed exclusive inhibitory effects on BC cells’ viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion compared to the control group. Further, treated cells exhibited increased apoptosis and a reduced level of phospho (p)-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases such as p-AKT, p-PI3K, and p-mTOR. Moreover, the combined group exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the growth of BC xenograft tumors in nude mice, without obvious toxicity. The molecular docking results were consistent with the wet lab experiments and enhanced the reliability of the drugs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the inhibition of endogenous H2S production can significantly inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells via the AKT/PI3K/mTOR pathway and suggest that endogenous H2S may act as a promising therapeutic target in human BC cells. Our study also empowers the rationale to design novel H2S-based anti-tumor drugs to cure BC.
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Biochanin A Suppresses Tumor Progression and PD-L1 Expression via Inhibiting ZEB1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3224373. [PMID: 35242187 PMCID: PMC8888121 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3224373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the regulatory effect of ZEB1 on PD-L1 expression and the pharmacodynamic effects of Biochanin A on the malignant biological behaviors of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods. The correlation between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) score and features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) was investigated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. The correlation between ZEB1 and PD-L1 expression was validated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and the regulatory effect of ZEB1 on PD-L1 expression was explored by in vitro assays. Moreover, the pharmacodynamic effects of Biochanin A on ZEB1 and PD-L1 expression, as well as malignant biological behaviors of CRC cells, were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo assays. Results. EMT score was positively correlated with a majority of immunostimulators, immune checkpoints, activities of antitumor immunity cycles, and infiltration levels of most immune cells in the TCGA dataset. In addition, ZEB1 was correlated with and positively regulated PD-L1 expression in CRC. Besides, Biochanin A, an inhibitor for the ZEB1/PD-L1 axis, notably inhibited ZEB1-mediated aggressiveness and PD-L1 expression of CRC cells. Moreover, Biochanin A also exerted a tumor-inhibitory role in vivo in the CRC mouse model. Conclusion. Overall, we found that ZEB1 is a main regulator of PD-L1 expression in CRC. In addition, we also identified Biochanin A as a novel inhibitor for the ZEB1/PD-L1 axis, which could inhibit tumor progression and immune escape.
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14
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Gu J, Qi Y, Lu Y, Tao Q, Yu D, Jiang C, Liu J, Liang X. Lung adenocarcinoma-derived vWF promotes tumor metastasis by regulating PHKG1-mediated glycogen metabolism. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1362-1376. [PMID: 35150045 PMCID: PMC8990721 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a series of complicated biological events. Hematogenous metastasis mediated by von Willebrand factor (vWF) is critical in tumor metastasis. However, the source of vWF and its role in tumor metastasis are controversial, and the further mechanism involved in mediating tumor metastasis is still unclear. In this study, we first demonstrated that lung adenocarcinoma cells could express vWF de novo and promotes tumor metastasis. Through the analysis of transcriptome sequencing, metastasis promotion effect of vWF may be related to phosphorylase kinase subunit G1 (PHKG1), a catalytic subtype of phosphorylase kinase PhK. PHKG1 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients and led to poor prognosis. Further experiments found that lung adenocarcinoma-derived vWF induced the up-regulation of PHKG1 through the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote glycogenolysis. Glycogen was funneled into glycolysis, leading to increased metastasis. Tumor metastasis assayed in vitro and in vivo showed that knockdown of PHKG1 or synergistic injection of phosphorylase inhibition based on the overexpression of vWF could inhibit metastasis. In summary, our research proved that lung adenocarcinoma-derived vWF may mediate tumor metastasis by regulating PHKG1 to promote glycogen metabolism, and suggested potential targets for inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Gu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxue Qi
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianying Tao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Die Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Central laboratory, General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, and Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Chunchun Jiang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwen Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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15
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Mahmoud M, Abdollah MRA, Elsesy ME, Abou El Ella DA, Zada SK, Tolba MF. The natural isoflavone Biochanin-A synergizes 5-fluorouracil anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo in Ehrlich solid-phase carcinoma model. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1310-1325. [PMID: 35112408 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Isoflavones are considered one of the most extensively studied plant-derived phytoestrogenic compounds. Of these, Biochanin A (Bio-A), a natural isoflavone abundant in cabbage, alfalfa, and red clover, has drawn a lot of attention. As reported in multiple studies, Bio-A possesses a promising anticancer activity against estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. The current study investigated the working hypothesis that Bio-A could synergistically enhance the potency of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in ER+ breast cancer. The hypothesis was tested both in vitro on hormone receptor-positive (MCF-7) and triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB231). Additionally, in vivo studies were performed in the Ehrlich solid-phase carcinoma mouse model. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies revealed that Bio-A synergistically increased the potency of 5-FU in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cell lines. The synergistic effect of 5-FU/Bio-A combination was verified in vivo. The combination therapy (where 5-FU was used at one fourth its full dose) led to a significant 75% reduction in tumor volume after two treatment cycles. This was in addition to producing a significant 2.1-fold increase in tumor necrosis area% compared to mock-treated control. In conclusion, the current study presents the first preclinical evidence for the potential merit of 5-FU/Bio-A combination for the treatment of ER+ breast cancer. The synergistic antitumor effect of Bio-A/ 5-FU combination can be, at least partly, attributed to Bio-A-mediated suppression of ER-α/Akt axis and the augmentation of 5-FU-mediated proapoptotic effects. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha R A Abdollah
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt.,The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Elsesy
- Pharmacology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dalal A Abou El Ella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Suher K Zada
- Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, the American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai F Tolba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,School of Life and Medical Sciences, The University of Hertfordshire-hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Egypt
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16
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Wang J, Li Y, Li A, Liu RH, Gao X, Li D, Kou X, Xue Z. Nutritional constituent and health benefits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): A review. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110790. [PMID: 34865805 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an annual plant of the Fabaceae family, is mainly grown in temperate and semiarid regions. Its biological activity and beneficial contribution to human health have been scientifically confirmed as an essential source of nutritional components. The objective of this review was to summarize and update latest available scientific data and information, on bioactive components in chickpea, bio-activities, and molecular mechanisms, which has mainly focused on the detection of relevant biochemical indicators, the regulation of signaling pathways, essential genes and proteins. The studies have shown that chickpea have significant multifunctional activities, which are closely related to the functionally active small molecule peptides and phytochemicals of chickpea. Significantly, numerous studies have only addressed the functional activity and mechanisms of single active components of chickpea, however, overlooking the synergy and antagonism between chickpea components, changes of functional active components in different processing methods, as well as the active form of the substances after human digestion and metabolism. Additionally, due to limitations in research methods and techniques, the structure of most functional active substances have not been determined, which makes it difficult to conduct interaction mechanism studies. Consequently, the significant bio-activity of the functional components of chickpea, synergistic and antagonistic effects and activity differences between bioactive components should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Wang
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China.
| | - Yonghui Li
- Cardiovascular Department, Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin 300140, China.
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China.
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiaohong Kou
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhaohui Xue
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China.
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17
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Zhao W, Liu J, Li Y, Chen Z, Qi D, Zhang Z. Immune Effect of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:731741. [PMID: 34925002 PMCID: PMC8678494 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are heterogeneous, poorly prognostic, and metastatic malignancies that result in a high risk of death for patients. Targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer has been extremely challenging due to the lack of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Clinical treatment regimens for triple-negative breast cancer are often based on paclitaxel and platinum drugs, but drug resistance and side effects from the drugs frequently lead to treatment failure, thus requiring the development of new therapeutic platforms. In recent years, research on traditional Chinese medicine in modulating the immune function of the body has shown that it has the potential to be an effective treatment option against triple-negative breast cancer. Active components of herbal medicines such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and polysaccharides have been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by activating inflammatory immune responses and can modulate tumor-related signaling pathways to further inhibit the invasion of triple-negative breast cancer. This paper reviews the immunomodulatory mechanisms of different herbal active ingredients against triple-negative breast cancer and provides an outlook on the challenges and directions of development for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer with herbal active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhao
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yaqun Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zichao Chen
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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18
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Arafa ESA, Refaey MS, Abd El-Ghafar OAM, Hassanein EHM, Sayed AM. The promising therapeutic potentials of ginsenosides mediated through p38 MAPK signaling inhibition. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08354. [PMID: 34825082 PMCID: PMC8605069 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) is a 38kD polypeptide recognized as the target for many potential anti-inflammatory agents. Accumulating evidence indicates that p38 MAPK could perform many roles in human disease pathophysiology. Therefore, great therapeutic benefits can be attained from p38 MAPK inhibitors. Ginseng is an exceptionally valued medicinal plant of the family Araliaceae (Panax genus). Recently, several studies targeted the therapeutic effects of purified individual ginsenoside, the most significant active ingredient of ginseng, and studied its particular molecular mechanism(s) of action rather than whole-plant extracts. Interestingly, several ginsenosides: ginsenosides compound K, F1, Rb1, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rg3, Rg5, Rh1, Rh2, Ro, notoginsenoside R1, and protopanaxadiol have shown to possess great therapeutic potentials mediated by their ability to downregulate p38 MAPK signaling in different cell lines and experimental animal models. Our review compiles the research findings of various ginsenosides as potent anti-inflammatory agents, highlighting the crucial role of p38 MAPK suppression in their pharmacological actions. In addition, in silico studies were conducted to explore the probable binding of these ginsenosides to p38 MAPK. The results obtained proposed p38 MAPK involvement in the beneficial pharmacological activities of ginsenosides in different ailments. p38 MAPK plays many roles in human disease pathophysiology. Therefore, great therapeutic benefits can be attained from p38 MAPK inhibitors. Several ginsenosides showed to possess great therapeutic potentials mediated by its ability to downregulate p38 MAPK signaling. in silico studies were conducted to explore the binding of these ginsenosides to p38 MAPK and evidenced the promising their inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Shaimaa A Arafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufiya, 32958, Egypt
| | - Omnia A M Abd El-Ghafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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19
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Kumar G, Du B, Chen J. Effects and mechanisms of dietary bioactive compounds on breast cancer prevention. Pharmacol Res 2021; 178:105974. [PMID: 34818569 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most often diagnosed cancer among females globally and has become an increasing global health issue over the last decades. Despite the substantial improvement in screening methods for initial diagnosis, effective therapy remains lacking. Still, there has been high recurrence and disease progression after treatment of surgery, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Considering this view, there is a crucial requirement to develop safe, freely accessible, and effective anticancer therapy for BC. The dietary bioactive compounds as auspicious anticancer agents have been recognized to be active and their implications in the treatment of BC with negligible side effects. Hence, this review focused on various dietary bioactive compounds as potential therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of BC with the mechanisms of action. Bioactive compounds have chemo-preventive properties as they inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, downregulate the expression of estrogen receptors, and cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptotic settings in tumor cells. Therapeutic drugs or natural compounds generally incorporate engineered nanoparticles with ideal sizes, shapes, and enhance their solubility, circulatory half-life, and biodistribution. All data of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of dietary bioactive compounds and their impact on BC were collected from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The data of chemopreventive and anticancer activity of dietary bioactive compounds were collected and orchestrated in a suitable place in the review. These shreds of data will be extremely beneficial to recognize a series of additional diet-derived bioactive compounds to treat BC with the lowest side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Kumar
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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20
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Liu L, Wang H, Chai X, Meng Q, Jiang S, Zhao F. Advances in Biocatalytic Synthesis, Pharmacological Activities, Pharmaceutical Preparation and Metabolism of Ginsenoside Rh2. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:437-448. [PMID: 34517798 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210913114631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rh2 (3β-O-Glc-protopanaxadiol), a trace but characteristic pharmacological component of red ginseng, exhibited versatile pharmacological activities, such as antitumor effects, improved cardiac function and fibrosis, anti-inflammatory effects, antibiosis and excellent medicinal potential. In recent years, increased research has been performed on the biocatalytic synthesis of ginsenoside Rh2. In this paper, advances in the biocatalytic synthesis, pharmacological activities, pharmaceutical preparation and metabolism of ginsenoside Rh2 are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005. China
| | - Huiyun Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, 276826. China
| | - Xiaoyun Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433. China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005. China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Shandong Wendeng Jizhen American Ginseng Industry Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, 264400. China
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005. China
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21
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Anti-Cancer Effect of Panax Ginseng and Its Metabolites: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality rate are growing worldwide. The effectiveness of cancer therapy depends on the degree of cancer development. Anticancer prevention, screening tests, detection of precancerous conditions or cancers at an early stage of development help to prevent the development of cancer, and in the event of cancer development, they provide the best chance for a full recovery. However, in most cases of advanced cancer, there is no method that can fully cure this disease. Recently, natural products have gained more attention in cancer therapy. Panax ginseng (PG), one of the most popular natural products, is reported to have a wide range of pharmacological activities in cancer. Therefore, the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of PG and its metabolites (compound K, Ginsenoside Rh1, Rh2, Rh3 and F1) in five major cancers (lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer and stomach cancer) are reviewed in this study. It is confirmed that PG and its metabolites regulated apoptosis, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, cell cycle arrest and multidrug resistance (MDR) in vitro and in vivo cancer models. In particular, ginsenoside Rh2 showed anticancer effects in all five major cancers. This review could improve the understanding of anticancer mechanisms of PG and its metabolites against major five cancers. Further clinical studies are needed for development anti-cancer drugs using PG and its metabolites.
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22
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Patel H, Joshi J, Raval A, Shah F. Identification of Natural Compounds to Inhibit Sonic Hedgehog Pathway in Oral Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:905-913. [PMID: 34238174 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210708100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional treatment resistance remains a significant problem in cancer care. Cancer stem cells might play a major role in treatment resistance, and as a result, basic stem cell pathways are instrumental in cancer. Sonic Hedgehog signaling has not been widely studied in oral cancer, and being one of the major cancer stem cell pathways, targeting it with natural compounds could open many opportunities in the treatment scenario. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to identify the role of various natural compounds as an anti-cancer agent for oral cancer by targeting the Hedgehog signaling pathway. METHODS The selection of natural compounds were identified through literature review and NPACT database. The protein (3M1N and 3MXW) and ligand molecules were retrieved through the PDB and PubChem database. To carry out docking experiments, the AutoDock 4.2 program was used to study the interaction between the identified protein and ligand. RESULTS Among the 13 identified natural compounds, the top three were selected based on their binding energy. The higher the binding energy on the negative side, the better the interaction formed between protein and ligand. The natural compound showing best results with 3M1N protein were Butein, Biochanin-A, and Curcumin, whereas, with 3MXW, Zerumbone, Curcumin, and Butein were identified. CONCLUSION The identified natural compounds have shown better binding energy to bind the Hh ligands in the absence/presence of a known Sonic Hedgehog inhibitor. Based on the results, natural compounds can be utilized in the current treatment modality for oral cancer either as an individual anti-cancer agent or in combination with the known Sonic Hedgehog inhibitor to curb the increasing incidence rate. Yet, in-vitro evidence in lab setup is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarth Patel
- Stem Cell Biology Lab, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jigna Joshi
- Stem Cell Biology Lab, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Apexa Raval
- Stem Cell Biology Lab, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Franky Shah
- Stem Cell Biology Lab, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Singh SK, Rashid M, Bhalala K, Malik Y, Chaturvedi S, Raju KS, Sultana N, Mitra K, Gayen JR, Wahajuddin M. A novel nanosized phospholipid complex of Biochanin A for improving oral bioavailability: Preparation and in-vitro/in-vivo characterizations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Ye Y, Ye F, Li X, Yang Q, Zhou J, Xu W, Aschner M, Lu R, Miao S. 3,3'-diindolylmethane exerts antiproliferation and apoptosis induction by TRAF2-p38 axis in gastric cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:189-202. [PMID: 33315588 PMCID: PMC7790923 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), an active phytochemical derivative extracted from cruciferous vegetables, possesses anticancer effects. However, the underlying anticancer mechanism of DIM in gastric cancer remains unknown. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), one of the signal transduction proteins, plays critical role in proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells, but there are still lack of practical pharmacological modulators for potential clinical application. Here, we further explored the role of TRAF2 in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis by DIM in human gastric cancer BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells. After treating BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells with DIM for 24 h, cell proliferation, apoptosis and TRAF2-related protein were measured. Our findings showed that DIM inhibited the expressions of TRAF2, activated p-p38 and its downstream protein p-p53, which were paralleled with DIM-triggered cells proliferation, inhibition and apoptosis induction. These effects of DIM were reversed by TRAF2 overexpression or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-specific inhibitor (SB203580). Taken together, our data suggest that regulating TRAF2/p38 MAPK signaling pathway is essential for inhibiting gastric cancer proliferation and inducing apoptosis by DIM. These findings broaden the understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of DIM's action as a new modulator of TRAF2, and provide a new therapeutic target for human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Fen Ye
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pathology, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang 212002, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Toxicology, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rongzhu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Center for Experimental Research, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital to Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215132, China
| | - Shuhan Miao
- Department of Health Care, Zhenjiang Fourth Peoples Hospital, Zhenjiang 212001, China
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Inhibition of endogenous hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis enhances the anti-cancer effect of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in human gastric cancer cells. Life Sci 2020; 261:118348. [PMID: 32860803 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) has limited anti-cancer effects in gastric cancer. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in the tumor development and therapy, cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), two key endogenous H2S biosynthesis enzymes, can affect endogenous H2S levels and alter cancer treatment. Our main objective was to investigate whether the aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) and DL-Propargylglycine (PAG), two specific inhibitors of CBS and CSE, could assist DIM to exert a stronger anti-cancer effects in gastric cancer BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell proliferation was assayed by MTT and cell colony-forming assay. Apoptosis and migration were detected by Hoechst staining and scratch test respectively. Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of proteins related to proliferation, apoptosis and migration. KEY FINDINGS Combination of AOAA or PAG with DIM synergistically inhibited proliferation and migration, increased apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. The p38-p53 axis was also further activated by the combination of AOAA or PAG with DIM. Exogenous H2S from sodium hydrosulfide, attenuated the efficacy of DIM in cancer cells by reducing the activation level of p38-p53 axis. Taken together, AOAA or PAG inhibited the expression of endogenous H2S biosynthesis enzymes and effectively enhanced susceptibility of gastric cancer to DIM through activating p38-p53 axis. SIGNIFICANCE The current study highlight more precise requirements for the clinical application of sulfur-containing anti-cancer drugs, and open a new way to enhance the sensitivity of DIM in chemotherapy of gastric cancer.
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Xiao Y, Gong Q, Wang W, Liu F, Kong Q, Pan F, Zhang X, Yu C, Hu S, Fan F, Li S, Liu Y. The combination of Biochanin A and SB590885 potentiates the inhibition of tumour progression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:371. [PMID: 32774165 PMCID: PMC7405455 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most aggressive and frequently diagnosed malignancy of the liver. Despite aggressive therapy, life expectancy of many patients in these cases is extended by only a few months. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a particularly poor prognosis and would greatly benefit from more effective therapies. Methods The CCK-8 assay and colony formation assays were used to test the cell proliferation and viability. The effects of combination Biochanin A and SB590885 on apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of HCC cells were analysed by flow cytometry. The expression of ERK MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling as well as apoptosis and cell cycle-related proteins in HCC cells were tested by western blotting. The HCC cell xenograft model was established to test the tumor proliferation. Serum and plasma were tested for liver and kidney safety markers (ALP, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea nitrogen) by using SpectraMax i3X. Results The combination of natural product Biochanin A with the BRAF inhibitor SB590885 synergistically suppressed proliferation, and promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the combination of Biochanin A and SB590885 led to increased impairment of proliferation and HCC tumour inhibition through disrupting of the ERK MAPK and the PI3K/AKT pathways in vitro. The volumes tumors and the weights of tumours were significantly reduced by the combination treatment compared to the control or single treatments in vivo. In addition, we found that there was no significant hepatorenal toxicity with the drug combination, as indicated by the hepatorenal toxicity test. Conclusion The results identify an effective combination therapy for the most aggressive form of HCC and provide the possibility of therapeutic improvement for patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Qiang Gong
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Wenhong Wang
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Fang Liu
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Qinghong Kong
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Feng Pan
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Xiaoke Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Changyan Yu
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Good Clinical Practice Center, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Fang Fan
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Sanhua Li
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Yun Liu
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, 563000 China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
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Berköz M, Krośniak M, Özkan-Yılmaz F, Özlüer-Hunt A. Prophylactic effect of Biochanin A in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:330-339. [PMID: 32482108 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1769128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim/Purpose of the study:Inhibition of microglial activation using phytochemicals may be a potential candidate for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases caused by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The goal of this study was to investigate the protective role of Biochanin A on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. BV2 microglial cells were treated with LPS in the presence and absence of Biochanin A. Materials and methods: For this aim, nitric oxide production, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88), and toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4) protein expressions, Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels were measured. Results:Biochanin A pretreatment resulted in significant and concentration-dependently reduced the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, and ROS compared to the untreated group. Biochanin A prophylaxis exerted an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing iNOS, COX-2, MyD88, and TLR-4 protein expressions and Akt and ERK1/2 pathway activation. Conclusion:Taken together, these results show that Biochanin A exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, thus may be beneficial for preventing neurodegenerative diseases mediated by microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Berköz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ferbal Özkan-Yılmaz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Arzu Özlüer-Hunt
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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28
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Malla RR, Deepak K, Merchant N, Dasari VR. Breast Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging target of therapeutic phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 70:153227. [PMID: 32339885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and challenging form of breast cancers. Tumor microenvironment (TME) of TNBC is associated with induction of metastasis, immune system suppression, escaping immune detection and drug resistance. TME is highly complex and heterogeneous, consists of tumor cells, stromal cells and immune cells. The rapid expansion of tumors induce hypoxia, which concerns the reprogramming of TME components. The reciprocal communication of tumor cells and TME cells predisposes cancer cells to metastasis by modulation of developmental pathways, Wnt, notch, hedgehog and their related mechanisms in TME. Dietary phytochemicals are non-toxic and associated with various human health benefits and remarkable spectrum of biological activities. The phytochemicals serve as vital resources for drug discovery and also as a source for breast cancer therapy. The novel properties of dietary phytochemicals propose platform for modulation of tumor signaling, overcoming drug resistance, and targeting TME. Therefore, TME could serve as promising target for the treatment of TNBC. This review presents current status and implications of experimentally evaluated therapeutic phytochemicals as potential targeting agents of TME, potential nanosystems for targeted delivery of phytochemicals and their current challenges and future implications in TNBC treatment. The dietary phytochemicals especially curcumin with significant delivery system could prevent TNBC development as it is considered safe and well tolerated in phase II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India.
| | - Kgk Deepak
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Venkata Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger Clinic, 100 Academy Ave, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
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29
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Li KK, Yan XM, Li ZN, Yan Q, Gong XJ. Synthesis and antitumor activity of three novel ginsenoside M1 derivatives with 3'-ester modifications. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103061. [PMID: 31216505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenoside M1 (M1) was considered to be the main antitumor component of ginsenoside metabolites in the body. In order to enhance its potency on antitumor effect, three novel M1 3'-ester derivatives (1c, 2c, 3c) were synthesized and evaluated. The yield of these derivatives was between 41% and 69%. Compared with M1, 2c and 3c can improve the efficacy of the inhibition on breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, especially for MCF-7 (fold: 0.7-4.2, p < 0.0001). Further study suggested that 2c and 3c may cause cell autophagy and promote apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. The results indicated the 3'-ester modified M1 derivatives 2c and 3c possess higher abilities of inhibition growth towards triple-positive breast cancer and provided a new source for synthesis of potential anti-breast cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Ke Li
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Yan
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zheng-Ning Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Qiu Yan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xiao-Jie Gong
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China.
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30
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Jeong Y, Ku S, You HJ, Ji GE. A stereo-selective growth inhibition profile of ginsenoside Rh2 on human colon cancer cells. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2019.1607562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA
| | - Seockmo Ku
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co., Ltd., Hongcheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju You
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geun Eog Ji
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA
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