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Meier L, Bruginski E, Marafiga JR, Caus LB, Pasquetti MV, Calcagnotto ME, Campos FR. Hippocampal metabolic profile during epileptogenesis in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5820. [PMID: 38154955 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common form of refractory epilepsy in adulthood. The metabolic profile of epileptogenesis is still poorly investigated. Elucidation of such a metabolic profile using animal models of epilepsy could help identify new metabolites and pathways involved in the mechanisms of epileptogenesis process. In this study, we evaluated the metabolic profile during the epileptogenesis periods. Using a pilocarpine model of epilepsy, we analyzed the global metabolic profile of hippocampal extracts by untargeted metabolomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry, at three time points (3 h, 1 week, and 2 weeks) after status epilepticus (SE) induction. We demonstrated that epileptogenesis periods presented different hippocampal metabolic profiles, including alterations of metabolic pathways of amino acids and lipid metabolism. Six putative metabolites (tryptophan, N-acetylornithine, N-acetyl-L-aspartate, glutamine, adenosine, and cholesterol) showed significant different levels during epileptogenesis compared to their respective controls. These putative metabolites could be associated with the imbalance of neurotransmitters, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell loss observed during both epileptogenesis and epilepsy. With these findings, we provided an overview of hippocampal metabolic profiles during different stages of epileptogenesis that could help investigate pathways and respective metabolites as predictive tools in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Meier
- Biosciences and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Estevan Bruginski
- Biosciences and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Joseane Righes Marafiga
- Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Neuronal Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity Laboratory (NNNESP Lab.), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Science: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Barbieri Caus
- Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Neuronal Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity Laboratory (NNNESP Lab.), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mayara Vendramin Pasquetti
- Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Neuronal Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity Laboratory (NNNESP Lab.), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
- Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Neuronal Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity Laboratory (NNNESP Lab.), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Science: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Francinete Ramos Campos
- Biosciences and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Zhu H, Wu Z, Yu Y, Chang K, Zhao C, Huang Z, He W, Luo Z, Huang H, Zhang C. Integrated non-targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology to reveal the mechanisms of berberine in the long-term treatment of PTZ-induced epilepsy. Life Sci 2024; 336:122347. [PMID: 38103728 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The increasing resistance to anti-seizure medications (ASMs) and the ambiguous mechanisms of epilepsy highlight the pressing demand for the discovery of pioneering lead compounds. Berberine (BBR) has received significant attention in recent years within the field of chronic metabolic disorders. However, the reports on the treatment of epilepsy with BBR are not systematic and the mechanism remains unclear. MAIN METHODS In this study, the seizure behaviors of mice were recorded following subcutaneous injection of pentetrazol (PTZ). Non-targeted metabolomics was used to analyze the serum metabolites based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). Meanwhile, multivariate statistical methods were used for metabolite identification and pathway analysis. Furthermore, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and quantitative real-time PCR assay were used for the target identification. KEY FINDINGS BBR had anti-seizure effects on PTZ-induced seizure mice after long-term treatment. Tryptophan metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism were involved in regulating the therapeutic effects of BBR. SIGNIFICANCE This study reveals the potential mechanism of BBR for epilepsy treatment based on non-targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology, which provides evidence for uncovering the pathogenesis of epilepsy, suggesting that BBR is a potential lead compound for anti-epileptic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Ziyu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Yizhou Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Kaile Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Chunfang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Wen He
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Chunbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 1299 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330014, China; Department of Pathology and Institute of Molecular Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Lu H, Wang Q, Jiang X, Zhao Y, He M, Wei M. The Potential Mechanism of Cannabidiol (CBD) Treatment of Epilepsy in Pentetrazol (PTZ) Kindling Mice Uncovered by Multi-Omics Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062805. [PMID: 36985783 PMCID: PMC10056192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is the main active ingredient in the cannabis plant used for treating epilepsy and related diseases. However, how CBD ameliorates epilepsy and its effect on the hippocampus remains unknown. Herein, we evaluated how CBD ameliorates seizure degree in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced epilepsy mice after being exposed to CBD (10 mg/kg p.o). In addition, transcriptome and metabolomic analysis were performed on the hippocampus. Our results suggested that CBD could alleviate PTZ-induced seizure, of which the NPTX2, Gprc5c, Lipg, and Stc2 genes were significantly down-regulated in mice after being exposed to PTZ. Transcriptome analysis showed 97 differently expressed genes (CBD) and the PTZ groups. Metabonomic analysis revealed that compared with the PTZ group, 41 up-regulated and 67 down-regulated metabolites were identified in the hippocampus of epileptic mice exposed to CBD. The correlation analysis for transcriptome and metabolome showed that (±) 15-HETE and carnitine C6:0 were at the core of the network and were involved in the positive or negative regulation of the related genes after being treated with CBD. In conclusion, CBD ameliorates epilepsy by acting on the metabolism, calcium signaling pathway, and tuberculosis pathways in the hippocampus. Our study provided a practical basis for the therapeutic potential of treating epilepsy using CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qinbiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Shen J, Li YZ, Yao S, Zhu ZW, Wang X, Sun HH, Ji WF. Hu’po Anshen Decoction Accelerated Fracture-Healing in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Through Activation of PI3K/AKT Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952696. [PMID: 35924045 PMCID: PMC9341486 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hu’po Anshen decoction (HPASD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula comprising five herbal medicines for the treatment of concussion and fracture healing, but its pharmacological mechanism is still unclear. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS) was used to analyze the main active components of HPASD. Rats were randomly assigned to fracture group, fracture combined with traumatic brain injury (TBI) group (FBI) and FBI combined with HPASD treatment group (FBIH). Rats in the FBIH group were given oral doses of HPASD (2.4 g/kg, 4.8 g/kg and 9.6 g/kg) for 14 or 21 consecutive days. The fracture callus formation and fracture sites were determined by radiographic analysis and micron-scale computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and a three-point bending test were applied to assess histological lesions and biomechanical properties, respectively. The levels of cytokines-/protein-related to bone formation and differentiation as well as PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), or western blot assays, respectively. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based serum metabolomic analysis was also performed to investigate the therapeutic effects of HPASD in the treatment of FBI. UPLC/Q-TOF MS analysis showed the chemical components in HPASD, including flavonoids, amino acids, saponins, and phenylpropanoid constituents, etc. HPASD dose-dependently promoted callus formation, increased bone density, improved mechanical parameters and morphological scores, and facilitated the expressions of VEGF, PDGF, bFGF, VEGFA, CoL1A1, RUNX2, BMP2, and Aggrecan, inhibited the expression of MMP13, and activated PI3K/AKT pathway. Metabolomics analysis revealed abnormalities of malate-aspartate shuttle and glucose-alanine. HPASD accelerates fracture healing by promoting bone formation and regulating the malate-aspartate shuttle and glucose-alanine cycle, which might be associated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ze Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sai Yao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou-Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, LanXi People's Hospital, Jinhua, China
- *Correspondence: Hui-Hui Sun, ; Wei-Feng Ji,
| | - Wei-Feng Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hui-Hui Sun, ; Wei-Feng Ji,
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Wei C, Zhu Z, Zheng JN, Lu Y, Cao C, Qu S, Liu M, Meng XE, Lou Q, Wang Q, Duan JA, Shang EX, Han Z, Zhu Y. Chinese Medicine, Succinum, Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment of Carotid Artery Ligation Rats and Inhibits Apoptosis of HT22 Hippocampal Cells via Regulation of the GSK3β/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:867477. [PMID: 35784758 PMCID: PMC9240707 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.867477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinum is an organic mineral formed from the resin of ancient coniferous and leguminous plants, which is applied for tranquilizing mood, promoting blood circulation, and removing blood stasis in Chinese medicine. For quite a long time, the modern research of succinum mainly focuses on the study of physical and chemical properties and authenticity identification while few reports on its medicinal mechanism. In current study, we evaluated different solvent extracts of succinum on carotid artery ligation rats mimicking vascular dementia. It was found that ethyl acetate extracts of succinum significantly improved the learning and memory abilities of model rats and inhibited neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus. On a mice hippocampal neuronal cell line (HT22), ethyl acetate extracts of succinum also exerted better action trend in inhibiting cell apoptosis induced by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD). By using XAV-939 on both in vivo and in vitro studies, it was found that ethyl acetate extracts of succinum might exert these functions by regulating the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. These studies revealed the neuronal function of succinum, which explained the traditional effects of succinum and provided more modern scientific basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongqi Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Jia-ni Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Yunqing Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Suchen Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Mengqiu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Xue-er Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Qianyin Lou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
| | - Er-xin Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhu, ; Zhenxiang Han, ; Er-xin Shang,
| | - Zhenxiang Han
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhu, ; Zhenxiang Han, ; Er-xin Shang,
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhu, ; Zhenxiang Han, ; Er-xin Shang,
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Lai W, Du D, Chen L. Metabolomics Provides Novel Insights into Epilepsy Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:844-859. [PMID: 35067830 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system. The diagnosis of epilepsy mainly depends on electroencephalograms and symptomatology, while diagnostic biofluid markers are still lacking. In addition, approximately 30% of patients with epilepsy (PWE) show a poor response to the currently available anti-seizure medicines. An increasing number of studies have reported alterations in the blood, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid and urine metabolome in PWE and animal models of epilepsy. The aim of this review was to identify potential metabolic biomarkers and pathways that might facilitate diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic determination in PWE and the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for metabolomic studies of PWE and epileptic models published before December 2020. The study objectives, types of models and reported differentially altered metabolites were examined and compared. Pathway analyses were performed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 online software. Thirty-five studies were included in this review. Metabolites such as glutamate, lactate and citrate were disturbed in both PWE and epileptic models, which might be potential biomarkers of epilepsy. Metabolic pathways including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; glycerophospholipid metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; and arginine and proline metabolism were involved in epilepsy. These pathways might play important roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. This review summarizes metabolites and metabolic pathways related to epilepsy and provides a novel perspective for the identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Lai
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Advanced Mass Spectrometry Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Shi XQ, Zhu ZH, Yue SJ, Tang YP, Chen YY, Pu ZJ, Tao HJ, Zhou GS, Yang Y, Guo MJ, Ting-Xia Dong T, Tsim KWK, Duan JA. Integration of organ metabolomics and proteomics in exploring the blood enriching mechanism of Danggui Buxue Decoction in hemorrhagic anemia rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113000. [PMID: 32663590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), as a classical Chinese medicine prescription, is composed of Danggui (DG) and Huangqi (HQ) at a ratio of 1:5, and it has been used clinically in treating anemia for hundreds of years. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to explore the treatment mechanisms of DBD in anemia rats from the perspective of thymus and spleen. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, a successful hemorrhagic anemia model was established, and metabolomics (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) and proteomics (label-free approach) together with bioinformatics (Gene Ontology analysis and Reactome pathway enrichment), correlation analysis (pearson correlation matrix) and joint pathway analysis (MetaboAnalyst) were employed to discover the underlying mechanisms of DBD. RESULTS DBD had a significant blood enrichment effect on hemorrhagic anemia rats. Metabolomics and proteomics results showed that DBD regulated a total of 10 metabolites (lysophosphatidylcholines, etc.) and 41 proteins (myeloperoxidase, etc.) in thymus, and 9 metabolites (L-methionine, etc.) and 24 proteins (transferrin, etc.) in spleen. With GO analysis and Reactome pathway enrichment, DBD mainly improved anti-oxidative stress ability of thymocyte and accelerated oxidative phosphorylation to provide ATP for splenocyte. Phenotype key indexes were strongly and positively associated with most of the differential proteins and metabolites, especially nucleosides, amino acids, Fabp4, Decr1 and Ndufs3. 14 pathways in thymus and 9 pathways in spleen were obtained through joint pathway analysis, in addition, the most influential pathway in thymus was arachidonic acid metabolism, while in spleen was the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Furthermore, DBD was validated to up-regulate Mpo, Hbb and Cp levels and down-regulate Ca2+ level in thymus, as well as up-regulate Fabp4, Ndufs3, Tf, Decr1 and ATP levels in spleen. CONCLUSION DBD might enhance thymus function mainly by reducing excessive lipid metabolism and intracellular Ca2+ level, and promote ATP production in spleen to provide energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Qin Shi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zong-Jin Pu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui-Juan Tao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Meng-Jie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hongkong University of Science and Technology, Hongkong, 999077, China
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hongkong University of Science and Technology, Hongkong, 999077, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
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Lalwani AM, Yilmaz A, Bisgin H, Ugur Z, Akyol S, Graham SF. The Biochemical Profile of Post-Mortem Brain from People Who Suffered from Epilepsy Reveals Novel Insights into the Etiopathogenesis of the Disease. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060261. [PMID: 32585915 PMCID: PMC7345034 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy not-otherwise-specified (ENOS) is one of the most common causes of chronic disorders impacting human health, with complex multifactorial etiology and clinical presentation. Understanding the metabolic processes associated with the disorder may aid in the discovery of preventive and therapeutic measures. Post-mortem brain samples were harvested from the frontal cortex (BA8/46) of people diagnosed with ENOS cases (n = 15) and age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 15). We employed a targeted metabolomics approach using a combination of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and direct injection/liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (DI/LC-MS/MS). We accurately identified and quantified 72 metabolites using 1H-NMR and 159 using DI/LC-MS/MS. Among the 212 detected metabolites, 14 showed significant concentration changes between ENOS cases and controls (p < 0.05; q < 0.05). Of these, adenosine monophosphate and O-acetylcholine were the most commonly selected metabolites used to develop predictive models capable of discriminating between ENOS and unaffected controls. Metabolomic set enrichment analysis identified ethanol degradation, butyrate metabolism and the mitochondrial beta-oxidation of fatty acids as the top three significantly perturbed metabolic pathways. We report, for the first time, the metabolomic profiling of postmortem brain tissue form patients who died from epilepsy. These findings can potentially expand upon the complex etiopathogenesis and help identify key predictive biomarkers of ENOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashna M. Lalwani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hamilton College, 198 College Hill Rd, Clinton, NY 13323, USA;
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ali Yilmaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health System, 3601 W. 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA; (A.Y.); (Z.U.)
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, 586 Pioneer Dr, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
- Beaumont Research Institute, Beaumont Health, 3811 W. 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA;
| | - Halil Bisgin
- Department of Computer Science, Engineering, and Physics, University of Michigan-Flint, 303 E. Kearsley St, Flint, MI 48502, USA;
| | - Zafer Ugur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health System, 3601 W. 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA; (A.Y.); (Z.U.)
- Beaumont Research Institute, Beaumont Health, 3811 W. 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA;
| | - Sumeyya Akyol
- Beaumont Research Institute, Beaumont Health, 3811 W. 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA;
| | - Stewart Francis Graham
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health System, 3601 W. 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA; (A.Y.); (Z.U.)
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, 586 Pioneer Dr, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
- Beaumont Research Institute, Beaumont Health, 3811 W. 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-248-551-2038
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Joshi N, Ahuja M, Rastogi G, Dash M. Characterization and antimicrobial study of Trinakantamani (Amber) Pishti. Ayu 2020; 41:225-234. [PMID: 35813362 PMCID: PMC9261990 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_155_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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