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Shi L, He Q, Li J, Liu Y, Cao Y, Liu Y, Sun C, Pan Y, Li X, Zhao X. Polysaccharides in fruits: Biological activities, structures, and structure-activity relationships and influencing factors-A review. Food Chem 2024; 451:139408. [PMID: 38735097 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Fruits are a rich source of polysaccharides, and an increasing number of studies have shown that polysaccharides from fruits have a wide range of biological functions. Here, we thoroughly review recent advances in the study of the bioactivities, structures, and structure-activity relationships of fruit polysaccharides, especially highlighting the structure-activity influencing factors such as extraction methods and chemical modifications. Different extraction methods cause differences in the primary structures of polysaccharides, which in turn lead to different polysaccharide biological activities. Differences in the degree of modification, molecular weight, substitution position, and chain conformation caused by chemical modification can all affect the biological activities of fruit polysaccharides. Furthermore, we summarize the applications of fruit polysaccharides in the fields of pharmacy and medicine, foods, cosmetics, and materials. The challenges and perspectives for fruit polysaccharide research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Shi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Quan He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China.
| | - Yilong Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yunlin Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chongde Sun
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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2
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Gao W, Liu J, Zhang P, Zeng XA, Han Z, Teng Y. Physicochemical, structural and functional properties of pomelo peel pectin extracted by combination of pulsed electric field and cellulase hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134469. [PMID: 39102911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, pectin extracted from pomelo peel was investigated using three different combination methods of pulsed electric field (PEF) and cellulase. Three action sequences were performed, including PEF treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis followed by PEF treatment, and enzymatic hydrolysis simultaneously treated by PEF. The three corresponding pectins were namely PEP, EPP and SP. The physiochemical, molecular structural and functional properties of the three pectins were determined. The results showed that PEP had excellent physiochemical properties, with the highest yield (12.08 %), total sugar (80.17 %) and total phenol content (38.20 %). The monosaccharide composition and FT-IR analysis indicated that the three pectins were similar. The molecular weights of PEP, EPP and SP were 51.13, 88.51 and 40.00 kDa, respectively. PEP showed the best gel properties, emulsification stability and antioxidant capacity among the three products, due to its high galacturonic acid and total phenol content, appropriate protein and low molecular weight. The mechanism of PEF-assisted cellulase hydrolysis of pomelo peel was also revealed by SEM analysis. These results suggested that PEF pretreatment was the best method, which not only improved the efficiency of enzymatic extraction, but also reduced resource waste and increased financial benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jiajing Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Peilin Zhang
- Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510665, China
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Zhong Han
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yongxin Teng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Xian M, Bi J, Xie Y, Jin X. Modulating pectin structure and enhancing texture of frozen yellow peaches: The impact of low-temperature blanching. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132618. [PMID: 38795880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
High-temperature blanching (HTB) is the primary process that causes texture softening in frozen yellow peaches. The implementation of low-temperature blanching reduced pectin methyl esterification, increased pectin cross-linking, and mitigated pectin depolymerization during the subsequent HTB, leading to the superior texture of frozen yellow peaches with enhanced water holding capacity, higher fracture stress, and initial modulus. However, adding 2 % calcium lactate (w/v) during low-temperature blanching did not further improve the texture of frozen yellow peaches. Instead, it softened the texture by reducing Na2CO3-soluble pectin (NSP) and increasing water-soluble pectin (WSP) content. This study provided a theoretical basis for applying low-temperature blanching to improve the texture of frozen yellow peaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Xian
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Bi
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.
| | - Yitong Xie
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.
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Wu DT, Geng JL, Li J, Deng W, Zhang Y, Hu YC, Zou L, Xia Y, Zhuang QG, Liu HY, Gan RY. Efficient extraction of pectic polysaccharides from thinned unripe kiwifruits by deep eutectic solvent-based methods: Chemical structures and bioactivities. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101083. [PMID: 38187948 PMCID: PMC10770586 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
To promote the potentially industrial applications of thinned unripe kiwifruits, two deep eutectic solvent-based methods, including deep eutectic solvent-assisted extraction (DAE) and microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (MDE), were optimized for the extraction of polysaccharides from thinned unripe kiwifruits (YKP). Results showed that the yields of YKP-D prepared by DAE and YKP-DM prepared by MDE were extremely higher than YKP-H prepared by hot water extraction. Furthermore, YKP-H, YKP-D, and YKP-DM were mainly composed of pectic polysaccharides, including homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) domains. Besides, both YKP-D and YKP-DM exhibited stronger antioxidant, anti-glycosylation, and immunomodulatory effects than those of YKP-H, and their higher contents of uronic acids and bound polyphenols as well as lower molecular weights could partially contribute to their bioactivities. Overall, these results revealed that the developed MDE method could be utilized as a promising method for highly efficient extraction of YKP with superior beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin-Lei Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- China-New Zealand Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Kiwifruit, Kiwifruit Breeding and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Yi-Chen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Qi-Guo Zhuang
- China-New Zealand Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Kiwifruit, Kiwifruit Breeding and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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Lin TY, Wu YT, Chang HJ, Huang CC, Cheng KC, Hsu HY, Hsieh CW. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted from Unripe Carica papaya L. Fruit. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1506. [PMID: 37627501 PMCID: PMC10451988 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of polysaccharides extracted from unripe Carica papaya L. (papaya) fruit. Three papaya polysaccharide (PP) fractions, namely PP-1, PP-2, and PP-3, with molecular weights of 2252, 2448, and 3741 kDa, containing abundant xylose, galacturonic acid, and mannose constituents, respectively, were obtained using diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose™ anion exchange chromatography. The antioxidant capacity of the PPs, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, ferrous ion-chelating assay, and reducing power assay revealed that the PP-3 fraction had the highest antioxidant activity, with an EC50 (the concentration for 50% of the maximal effect) of 0.96 mg/mL, EC50 of 0.10 mg/mL, and Abs700 nm of 1.581 for the hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, ferrous ion-chelating assay, and reducing power assay, respectively. In addition, PP-3 significantly decreased reactive oxygen species production by 45.3%, NF-κB activation by 32.0%, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 generation by 33.5% and 34.4%, respectively, in H2O2-induced human epidermal keratinocytes. PP-3 exerts potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects; thus, it is a potential biofunctional ingredient in the cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yun Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402202, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (Y.-T.W.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Yun-Ting Wu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402202, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (Y.-T.W.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Hui-Ju Chang
- Department of Taiwan Seed Improvement and Propagation Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung City 426017, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Chen Huang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402202, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (Y.-T.W.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung City 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 404333, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402202, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (Y.-T.W.); (C.-C.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 404333, Taiwan
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Cao Y, Teng Y, Liu H, Li J, Zhu B, Xia X. Rhopilema esculentum polysaccharides enhance epithelial cell barrier in vitro and alleviate chronic colitis in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124560. [PMID: 37088192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to characterize polysaccharides from Rhopilema esculentum and to explore their impacts on gut barrier function and inflammation in vitro and in mice with chronic colitis triggered by long-term administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Two polysaccharides were isolated and purified from Rhopilema esculentum, named REP-1 and REP-2. REP-1 with a molecular weight of 8.21 kDa was composed of mannose, glucosamine, galactosamine, glucose, galactose, and arabinose with a molar ratio of 0.04:0.03:0.38:1:1.36:0.06, and REP-2 with a molecular weight of 10.11 kDa mainly consisted of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactosamine, glucose, galactose, and arabinose with a molar ratio of 0.04:0.12:0.41:1:1.2:0.06. Compared to REP-1, REP-2 displayed better ability to up-regulate the expression of genes related to tight junctions and mucus in LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells and better immunomodulatory activities in RAW264.7 macrophages. Then mice experiments showed that REP-2 efficiently attenuated the symptoms of colitis, decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and restored intestinal barrier function in mice with chronic colitis. These results demonstrate that REP-2 might be a promising agent for protecting intestinal and mucus barrier and mitigating inflammation-associated intestinal diseases such as ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
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Khakpour S, Hojjati M, Jooyandeh H, Noshad M. Microwave-assisted extraction, optimization, structural characterization, and functional properties of polysaccharides from Crataegus azarolus seeds. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01831-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Lei J, Li W, Fu MX, Wang AQ, Wu DT, Guo H, Hu YC, Gan RY, Zou L, Liu Y. Pressurized hot water extraction, structural properties, biological effects, and in vitro microbial fermentation characteristics of sweet tea polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:3215-3228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hojjati M, Noshad M, Sorourian R, Askari H, Feghhi S. Effect of gamma irradiation on structure, physicochemical and functional properties of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) seeds polysaccharides. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu DT, Fu MX, Guo H, Hu YC, Zheng XQ, Gan RY, Zou L. Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction, Structural Characteristics, and Biological Functions of Polysaccharides from Sweet Tea (Lithocarpus litseifolius) Leaves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081578. [PMID: 36009297 PMCID: PMC9405522 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaf of sweet tea (Lithocarpus litseifolius) is widely used as an edible and medicinal plant in China, which is rich in bioactive polysaccharides. In order to explore and promote the application of sweet tea polysaccharides in the functional food industry, the microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (MDAE) of polysaccharides from sweet tea leaves was optimized, and the structural properties and biological functions of sweet tea polysaccharides prepared by MDAE (P-DM) were investigated and compared with that of hot water extraction (P-W). The maximum yield (4.16% ± 0.09%, w/w) of P-DM was obtained under the optimal extraction conditions (extraction time of 11.0 min, extraction power of 576.0 W, water content in deep eutectic solvent of 21.0%, and liquid–solid ratio of 29.0 mL/g). Additionally, P-DM and P-W possessed similar constituent monosaccharides and glycosidic bonds, and the homogalacturonan (HG) and arabinogalactan (AG) might exist in both P-DM and P-W. Notably, the lower molecular weight, higher content of total uronic acids, and higher content of conjugated polyphenols were observed in P-DW compared to P-W, which might contribute to its much stronger in vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antiglycation, and prebiotic effects. Besides, both P-DW and P-W exhibited remarkable in vitro immunostimulatory effects. The findings from the present study indicate that the MDAE has good potential to be used for efficient extraction of bioactive polysaccharides from sweet tea leaves and P-DM can be developed as functional food ingredients in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Meng-Xi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yi-Chen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
- Correspondence: or (R.-Y.G.); (L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-80203191 (R.Y.-G.); +86-28-84616061 (L.Z.)
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Correspondence: or (R.-Y.G.); (L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-80203191 (R.Y.-G.); +86-28-84616061 (L.Z.)
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Xiao W, Zhou P, Wang X, Zhao R, Wang Y. Comparative Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activities of Polysaccharides Extracted from the Radix of Platycodon grandiflorum with Different Extraction Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154759. [PMID: 35897935 PMCID: PMC9331874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Platycodon grandiflorum is an edible and medicinal plant, and polysaccharides are one of its important components. To further improve the utilization rate of P. grandiflorum, we investigated the effects of four different extraction methods, including hot water, ultrasonic-assisted, acid-assisted, and alkali-assisted extractions, on the polysaccharides, which were named PG-H, PG-U, PG-C, and PG-A. The findings indicated that the extraction method had a significant impact on the yield, characteristics, and immunoregulatory activity. We observed that the yields decreased in the following order: PG-H, PG-U, PG-C, and PG-A. Galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose were the most prevalent monosaccharides in the four PGs. However, their proportions varied. In addition, the difference between the content of glucose and galacturonic acid was more significant. PG-U had the highest glucose content, whereas PG-C had the lowest. Galacturonic acid content was highest in PG-A, while the lowest in PG-U. The molecular weight decreased in the order of PG-U, PG-H, PG-C, and PG-A; the particle size was in the order of PG-U, PG-A, PG-H, and PG-C. Moreover, the extraction method had a great impact on immunoregulatory activity. The ability to stimulate the immune function of macrophages was as follows: PG-A > PG-C > PG-U > PG-H. The results indicated that PGs, with lower molecular weights and higher GalA content, exhibited better immune-stimulating activity. And more important the AAE method was a good way to extract polysaccharides from Platycodon grandiflorum for use as a functional product and immunological adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Xiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Pingfan Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Xiaoshuang Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Ruizhi Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China;
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.X.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (Y.W.)
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Sorourian R, Khajehrahimi AE, Tadayoni M, Azizi MH, Hojjati M. Structural characterization and cytotoxic, ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) seeds. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Fan R, Mao G, Xia H, Zeng J. Chemical elucidation and rheological properties of a pectic polysaccharide extracted from Citrus medica L. fruit residues by gradient ethanol precipitation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 198:46-53. [PMID: 34958815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Citron (Citrus. medica L.) fruits are commonly utilized in the production of essential oil, therefore, the fruits residues turn out to be industrial byproducts. In the present study, a crude polysaccharide was extracted from citron fruit residues by hot water extraction and precipitation of ethanol (95%), after deproteinization, a major polysaccharide component (CMLP-2) was obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation (20%-80%). The physicochemical properties of CMLP-2 such as surface morphology, functional groups, and thermostability were examined by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, the chemical structure of CMLP-2 was elucidated that CMLP-2 is an acidic pectic polysaccharide consisting of arabinose (Ara), galacturonic acid (GalA), and rhamnose (Rha) in a molar ratio of 4:2:1 with a molecular weight of 202.18 kDa. CMLP-2 is a novel pectic polysaccharide rich in rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I). Moreover, rheological tests revealed that CMLP-2 solution is pseudoplastic and temperature resistant. The result could be a good basis for the utilization of Citrus medica L. fruits residues as plant-derived food additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Fan
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Genlin Mao
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongqi Xia
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiwu Zeng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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14
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Structural characterization and bioactive and functional properties of the Brown macroalgae (Sargassum illicifolium) polysaccharide. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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15
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Wu DT, He Y, Fu MX, Gan RY, Hu YC, Peng LX, Zhao G, Zou L. Structural characteristics and biological activities of a pectic-polysaccharide from okra affected by ultrasound assisted metal-free Fenton reaction. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Impacts of extraction methods on physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from rice bran. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Deng Q, Wang W, Zhang Q, Chen J, Zhou H, Meng W, Li J. Extraction optimization of polysaccharides from Gougunao tea and assessment of the antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of its fractions in vitro. BIOACTIVE CARBOHYDRATES AND DIETARY FIBRE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2021.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Mirzadeh M, Keshavarz Lelekami A, Khedmat L. Plant/algal polysaccharides extracted by microwave: A review on hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, prebiotic, and immune-stimulatory effect. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 266:118134. [PMID: 34044950 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is an emerging technology to obtain polysaccharides with an extensive spectrum of biological characteristics. In this study, the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, prebiotic, and immunomodulatory (e.g., antiinflammatory, anticoagulant, and phagocytic) effects of algal- and plant-derived polysaccharides rich in glucose, galactose, and mannose using MAE were comprehensively discussed. The in vitro and in vivo results showed that these bioactive macromolecules with the low digestibility rate could effectively alleviate the fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity, acute hemolysis, and dyslipidemia status. The optimally extracted glucomannan- and glucogalactan-containing polysaccharides revealed significant antidiabetic effects through inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase, improving dynamic insulin sensitivity and secretion, and promoting pancreatic β-cell proliferation. These bioactive macromolecules as prebiotics not only improve the digestibility in gastrointestinal tract but also reduce the survival rate of pathogens and tumor cells by activating macrophages and producing pro-inflammatory biomarkers and cytokines. They can effectively prevent gastrointestinal disorders and microbial infections without any toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monirsadat Mirzadeh
- Metabolic Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ali Keshavarz Lelekami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Khedmat
- Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Strategies to Increase the Biological and Biotechnological Value of Polysaccharides from Agricultural Waste for Application in Healthy Nutrition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115937. [PMID: 34205897 PMCID: PMC8198840 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the extraction and identification of new high added-value compounds from the agro-food industry that will valorize the great amount of by-products generated. Many of these bioactive compounds have shown beneficial effects for humans in terms of disease prevention, but they are also of great interest in the food industry due to their effect of extending the shelf life of foods by their well-known antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. For this reason, an additional research objective is to establish the best conditions for obtaining these compounds from complex by-product structures without altering their activity or even increasing it. This review highlights recent work on the identification and characterization of bioactive compounds from vegetable by-products, their functional activity, new methodologies for the extraction of bioactive compounds from vegetables, possibly increasing their biological activity, and the future of the global functional food and nutraceuticals market.
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LIU Y, LI SM. Extraction optimization and antioxidant activity of Phyllanthus urinaria polysaccharides. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.11320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Wang Q, Yang F, Jia D, Wu T. Polysaccharides and polyphenol in dried Morinda citrifolia fruit tea after different processing conditions: Optimization analysis using response surface methodology. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11507. [PMID: 34123597 PMCID: PMC8164410 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing popularity of Morinda citrifolia has many medical and health benefits because of its rich polysaccharides (PSC) and polyphenols (PPN). It has become popular to brew the dry M. citrifolia fruit slice as tea in some regions of China. In this study, optimize the extraction parameters of M. citrifolia fruit tea polysaccharides and polyphenols using response surface methodology. The results indicated the highest PSC yield of 17% at 46 °C for 11 min and the ratio of water/M. citrifolia fruit powder was 78 mL/g. The optimum extraction of PPN was at 95 °C for 10 min and the ratio of water/M. citrifolia fruit powder 90 mL/g, with 8.93% yield. Using dry M. citrifolia fruit slices as a tea is reported for the first time. Based on the results, the maximum level of PSC can be obtained under condition by infusing about four dried M. citrifolia fruit slice with average thickness and size in warm boiled water for 11 min, taking a 300 mL cup (300 mL of water) for example. The maximum level of PPN can be obtained by adding three slices of dried M. citrifolia fruit slice to boiled water for 10 min. Considering the powder used in our study, the further pulverization of cutting into powder is more conducive to material precipitation. This study provides a scientific basis for obtaining PSC and PPN from dry M. citrifolia fruit slice tea by brewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dandan Jia
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tian Wu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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22
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Chen Y, Cai X, Li G, He X, Yu X, Yu X, Xiao Q, Xiang Z, Wang C. Chemical constituents of radix Actinidia chinensis planch by UPLC-QTOF-MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5103. [PMID: 33629744 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Radix Actinidia decoction and its prescriptions are used to treat tumors and other diseases. Although some chemical components have been isolated from Radix Actinidia, systematic analysis of its chemical components has not been reported, which hinders the basic research on its effective substances and its quality control. In this work, a UPLC-QTOF-MS method was employed to profile and characterize the chemical constituents of water extracts from Radix Actinidia Chinensis Planch (RACP). We unambiguously or tentatively identified 295 chemical components from RACP, including 46 pentacyclic triterpenes, 72 flavonoids, 53 phenolic acids, 24 coumarins, three anthraquinones and other compounds. Most of the chemical components have not been described so far in Actinidia. More than 180 phytochemicals are reported in Actinidia for the first time. 2α,3α,24-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, asiatic acid, syringic acid, fraxin, esculetin, 5,7-dihydroxychromone, esculin, (+)-catechin, (-)-epi-catechin, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid and rutin were unambiguously identified by comparison with the reference standards. Catechin derivatives, coumarin derivatives and phenolic acid derivatives were the main water-soluble components in RACP. This study broadened the chemical profiles of RACP, and laid the foundation for subsequent research on the effective components and their mechanism of action. This work also provides an important reference for the quality control and evaluation of RACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guowei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xixi Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiming Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Functional composition and antioxidant property of crude polysaccharides from the fruiting bodies of Lentinus squarrosulus. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:7. [PMID: 33442506 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentinus squarrosulus (Hed Khon Khao) is a source of bioactive polysaccharides. Three L. squarrosulus crude polysaccharides (LSPs) were subjected to cold water (LSP-CP), hot water (LSP-HP), and aqueous alkaline (LSP-AP) extractions, and their functional compositions and radical scavenging activities were compared. Synchrotron radiation FTIR (SR-FTIR) spectra and PCA plot analysis in the bio-regions (4000-400 cm-1) revealed that functional composition LSPs differ significantly (P < 0.05). All LSPs had lipids, protein, and polysaccharides such as β-glucan. The major monosaccharides in LSP-CP and LSP-HP are d-galactose, d-glucose, and d-mannose at different proportions, while LSP-AP contained mainly d-glucose. Also, fucose and xylose were present in all the LSPs. LSP-CP, LSP-HP and LSP-AP induced maximum 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of 78.93 ± 0.42% at 3 mg/mL, 79.16 ± 1.43% at 3 mg/mL and 65.26 ± 1.74% at 5 mg/mL, whiles on 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), their maximum activities were 98.94 ± 0.16% at 3 mg/mL, 97.42 ± 0.76% at 3 mg/mL and 47.24 ± 0.045% at 5 mg/mL, respectively. The results showed that LSP-CP and LSP-HP are good ABTS scavengers, whiles LSP-AP is poor ABTS scavenger. In overall, LSPs consist of essential functional compositions and could be used as natural antioxidants. This exploitation of fungal fruiting body extracts increased the potential use of L. squarrosulus in food and medicinal industries.
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24
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Wang S, Qiu Y, Zhu F. Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.): A review of chemical diversity and biological activities. Food Chem 2020; 350:128469. [PMID: 33485721 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is a commercially important fruit crop. Various species and cultivars, non-fruit plant parts, and agricultural and processing wastes are underutilized. A broad-scoped review of kiwifruit guides further innovative applications. Different kiwifruit varieties and edible and nonedible parts varied in the composition of dietary nutrients including polyphenols, vitamins, dietary fiber, and functional ingredients, such as starch and protease and bioactive phytochemicals. Kiwifruits exhibit antioxidative, antiproliferative, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antihypercholesterolemic, neuroprotective, antiobese properties and promote gut health. Clinically significant effects of kiwifruit on prevention and/or treatment of major chronic diseases are not yet evident. Varieties and plant parts, extraction, analytical and processing methods affect the physicochemical and biological properties of kiwifruit-derived ingredients. Allergens, mycotoxins, pesticides and heavy metals are the chemical hazards of kiwifruits. Future research should be focused on sustainable uses of underutilized resources as functional ingredients, bioactive compound purification, composition-activity relationships, and physiological mechanisms and clinical significance of kiwifruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunan Wang
- Canadian Food and Wine Institute, Niagara College, 135 Taylor Road, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario L0S 1J0, Canada; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Yi Qiu
- Division of Engineering Science, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Fan Zhu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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25
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Li H, Cao J, Wu X, Deng Y, Ning N, Geng C, Lei T, Lin R, Wu D, Wang S, Li P, Wang Y. Multiple fingerprint profiling for quality evaluation of polysaccharides and related biological activity analysis of Chinese patent drugs: Zishen Yutai Pills as a case study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:113045. [PMID: 32504785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zishen Yutai Pills (ZYP), a famous traditional Chinese patent medicine, has been widely applied to avoid recurrent miscarriage and treat threatened abortion. Polysaccharides of ZYP (ZYPPs) play an essential role in the theraprutic effects of ZYP. However, the complex compositions of ZYP and the complicated structure of ZYPPs have posed great challenges and barriers to the quality evaluation of ZYP. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify and characterize the ZYPPs for better quality control of ZYP, a reliable and valid quality control system was established in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multi-fingerprint profile strategy based on HPSEC-MALL-RID, FT-IR, and HPLC (complete acid digested fingerprint, partial acid digested fingerprint and enzymatically digested fingerprint) was established to identify and discriminate the chemical structure of ZYPPs. Besides, the purpose of revealing the relationships between structure and biological activity of ZYPPs, their chemical characteristics, in vitro antioxidant and anti-glycation activities were investigated and discussed. RESULTS The similarity evaluation of ZYPPs indicated ZYPPs from different batches showed a high similarity based on the correlation coefficient values of multi-fingerprints. Furthermore, ZYPPs exhibited remarkable antioxidant and antiglycation properties, which might be attributed to their molecular weights and the content of uronic acids. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that the multiple fingerprint technique was reliable and effective for the improvement of quality control of ZYPPs, suggesting the multiple fingerprint technique could also be potentially applied as a valid and feasible strategy to control the quality of polysaccharide-enriched herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Jiliang Cao
- PU-UM Innovative Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong-Macau Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Industrial Park Development Co., Ltd, Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yun Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Na Ning
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chunxian Geng
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ting Lei
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ruizhen Lin
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dingtao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
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Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Typha domingensis: Structural characterization and functional properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:758-768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Hojjati M, Beirami-Serizkani F. Structural characterization, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of a novel water soluble polysaccharide from Cordia myxa fruits. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00586-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Polyphenolic-Protein-Polysaccharide Complexes from Hovenia dulcis: Insights into Extraction Methods on Their Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Bioactivities. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040456. [PMID: 32276355 PMCID: PMC7230293 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven extraction methods, including hot water extraction (HWE), pressurized water extraction (PWE), ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction, high-speed shearing homogenization extraction, and ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction, were utilized to extract polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide complexes (PPPs) from Hovenia dulcis. Next, their physicochemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activities, antiglycation effects, and inhibition activities on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were studied and compared. The findings from this study indicate that various extraction processes exhibit notable influences on the physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivities of PPPs. Extraction yields, contents of polyphenolics and flavonoids, apparent viscosities, molecular weights, molar ratios of monosaccharide compositions, and ratios of amino acid compositions in PPPs varied in different extraction methods. Furthermore, 13 phenolic compounds in PPPs, including rutin, myricitrin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, protocatechuic acid, gallocatechin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ampelopsin, quercetin-7,4'-diglucoside, dihydroquercetin, 5-methylmyricetin, and naringenin, were identified. The relatively strong in vitro antioxidant activities, antiglycation effects, and inhibition activities on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were determined in both PPP-W and PPP-P obtained by HWE and PWE, respectively. The high content of total polyphenolics may be one of the main contributors to their in vitro bioactivities. The findings have shown that the PWE method can be an appropriate method to prepare PPPs with strong bioactivities for application in the functional food industry.
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Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction, Structural Characterization, Chain Conformation, and Biological Activities of a Pectic-Polysaccharide from Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus). Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051155. [PMID: 32150807 PMCID: PMC7179193 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to better understand the chemical characteristics and chain conformation of okra polysaccharides extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. A pectic-polysaccharide, named OPP-D, was obtained, which was mainly composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, and galactose with a molar ratio of 1.01:1.00:2.31. Combined with NMR analysis, -4)-α-d-GalAp-(1,2,4)-α-l-Rhap-(1- were identified as the backbone with galactan side chains substituted partly at O-4 of Rhap. Molecular weight and radius of gyration of OPP-D were determined as 2.19 × 105 Da and 27.0 nm, respectively. OPP-D was determined as an air-core sphere with branching chains in 0.9% NaCl solution by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering and dynamic light scattering for the first time. Moreover, OPP-D exhibited typical shear-thinning behavior. In addition, OPP-D exhibited remarkable in vitro antioxidant activities and prebiotic activities, while the relatively high molecular weight, high degree of esterification, high content of uronic acids, and highly branched globular conformation of OPP-D might contribute to its in vitro anti-diabetic activities and binding capacities. Results can contribute to a better understanding of the structure–bioactivity relationship of OPPs, and OPP-D has great potential applications in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Mirzadeh M, Arianejad MR, Khedmat L. Antioxidant, antiradical, and antimicrobial activities of polysaccharides obtained by microwave-assisted extraction method: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Fu Y, Li F, Ding Y, Li HY, Xiang XR, Ye Q, Zhang J, Zhao L, Qin W, Gan RY, Wu DT. Polysaccharides from loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaves: Impacts of extraction methods on their physicochemical characteristics and biological activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:508-517. [PMID: 31923490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Impacts of hot water extraction (HWE), pressurized water extraction (PWE), high-speed shearing homogenization extraction, microwave assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE), ultrasound assisted enzymatic extraction, and ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) on physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaves (LLPs) were investigated. Results showed that the degrees of esterification, contents of phenolics and uronic acids, constituent monosaccharides, apparent viscosities, and molecular weights of LLPs varied by different extraction methods. Bioactivities of LLPs were also significantly affected by different extraction methods. The high molecular weight and high degree of esterification of LLP-W and LLP-P extracted by HWE and PWE, respectively, might contribute to their strong binding capacities. The strong antioxidant activities and inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were found in LLP-M and LLP-U extracted by MAE and UAE, respectively, which might be attributed to their contents of uronic acids, contents of total phenolics, and molecular weights. The low molecular weights and viscosities of LLP-U and LLP-UM extracted by UMAE might contribute to their strong prebiotic effects. These findings could provide scientific foundations for selecting appropriate extraction methods to obtain LLPs with desired bioactivities for applications in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua-Yu Li
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian-Rong Xiang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Ye
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China.
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Fu Y, Feng KL, Wei SY, Xiang XR, Ding Y, Li HY, Zhao L, Qin W, Gan RY, Wu DT. Comparison of structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from loquat leaves prepared by different drying techniques. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 145:611-619. [PMID: 31887373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, freeze drying, hot-air drying, vacuum drying, and microwave drying at the microwave powers of 400, 600, and 800 W, respectively, were utilized to dry loquat leaves for evaluating the effects of different drying techniques on the physicochemical structures and bioactivities of polysaccharides extracted from loquat leaves (LLPs). Results demonstrated that the physicochemical structures and bioactivities of LLPs significantly affected by different drying techniques. The degrees of esterification, molar ratios of constituent monosaccharides, contents of uronic acids, apparent viscosities, and molecular weights of LLPs were varied by different drying techniques. Additionally, LLPs, particularly LLP-M4 which extracted from loquat leaves prepared by microwave drying at the power of 400 W, exerted remarkable in vitro binding capacities, strong inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and obvious antioxidant activities. Results indicated that the microwave drying could be an efficient drying technique before extraction of bioactive LLPs, and LLPs had great potential applications in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Kang-Lin Feng
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Si-Yu Wei
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian-Rong Xiang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua-Yu Li
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China.
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Liu Y, Qi J, Luo J, Qin W, Luo Q, Zhang Q, Wu D, Lin D, Li S, Dong H, Chen D, Chen H. Okra in Food Field: Nutritional Value, Health Benefits and Effects of Processing Methods on Quality. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1695833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyi Qi
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Junyun Luo
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingying Luo
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingtao Wu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Derong Lin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Suqing Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongmin Dong
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
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Liu W, Li F, Wang P, Liu X, He JJ, Xian ML, Zhao L, Qin W, Gan RY, Wu DT. Effects of drying methods on the physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide conjugates from Hovenia dulcis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 148:1211-1221. [PMID: 31758998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Four drying methods, including freeze drying, hot air drying, vacuum drying, microwave drying at 400, 600, and 800 W, were applied to dry the peduncles of Hovenia dulcis. Then the effects of different drying methods on physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharides conjugates extracted from H. dulcis (PPPs) were investigated and compared. Results showed that different drying methods affected the physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of PPPs. Noticeable variations in extraction yields, contents of total proteins, contents of total polyphenolics, contents of total flavonoids, contents of uronic acids, molecular weights, apparent viscosities, molar ratios of constituent monosaccharides, ratios of constituent amino acids, and degrees of esterification were observed in PPPs obtained by different drying methods. Besides, a total of 13 phenolic compounds in PPPs were identified by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. In addition, PPPs, especially PPP-M6 and PPP-V dried by microwave drying at 600 W and vacuum drying, respectively, exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities, antiglycation activities, and inhibitory activities on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Results suggested that the microwave drying and vacuum drying techniques could be appropriate drying methods before extraction of PPPs with high bioactivities for applications in the functional food and medicine industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-Jing He
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei-Lin Xian
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China.
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Yuan Q, He Y, Xiang PY, Huang YJ, Cao ZW, Shen SW, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Qin W, Wu DT. Influences of different drying methods on the structural characteristics and multiple bioactivities of polysaccharides from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 147:1053-1063. [PMID: 31756490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, in order to evaluate the influences of drying methods on the chemical structures and bioactivities of polysaccharides from okra (OPPs), four drying methods, including microwave drying at 400 W, 600 W, and 800 W, freezing drying, hot air drying, and vacuum drying, were applied to dry okra fruits. Six different OPPs were extracted from okra dried by different drying methods. Results showed that physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of OPPs varied by different drying methods. Noticeable variations in extraction yields, molecular weights, rheological properties, molar ratios of constituent monosaccharides, contents of uronic acids, degrees of esterification, and contents of total phenolics were observed in OPPs obtained by different drying methods. In addition, results showed that OPPs, especially OPP-H and OPP-V obtained by hot air drying and vacuum drying, respectively, exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities (ABTS, DPPH, and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities, and ferric reducing antioxidant powers), strong in vitro binding capacities (fat, cholesterol, and bile acids binding capacities), and obvious inhibitory activities on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Results suggested that the hot air and vacuum drying techniques could be appropriate drying methods before extraction of OPPs with high bioactivities for applications in the functional food and medicine industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yuan
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan He
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan-Yin Xiang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue-Jia Huang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng-Wen Cao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Si-Wei Shen
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China.
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Wu DT, Liu W, Han QH, Du G, Li HY, Yuan Q, Fu Y, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Li SQ, Qin W. Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of non-starch polysaccharides from different kiwifruits. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 136:891-900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Structural characteristics, rheological properties, and biological activities of polysaccharides from different cultivars of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) collected in China. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:459-467. [PMID: 31381911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to well understand the physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides (OPPs) from different cultivars of okra collected in China, the chemical characteristics, rheological properties, antioxidant activities, in vitro binding properties, and in vitro inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase of polysaccharides from five representative okra cultivars, including 'Lvjian', 'Kalong8', 'Shuiguo', 'Taiwanwufu', and 'Kalong3', were investigated and compared. Results showed that the constituent monosaccharides of OPPs were similar, which composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, and arabinose. However, their weight-average molecular weights varied from 2.76 × 103 to 4.20 × 103 kDa, and from 0.11 × 103 to 0.90 × 103 kDa, respectively. The uronic acids and degrees of esterification of OPPs ranged from 39.32% to 61.68%, and from 21.66% to 30.02%, respectively. OPPs exhibited typical shear-thinning behavior and viscoelastic properties. Furthermore, OPPs exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities, in vitro binding capacities, and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase, which might be attributed to their relatively high content of uronic acids, high degrees of esterification, and high molecular weights. Results are helpful for better understanding of the physicochemical structures and bioactivities of OPPs, and OPPs had good application prospects as functional food ingredients for industrial applications.
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Wu DT, Liu W, Han QH, Wang P, Xiang XR, Ding Y, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Li SQ, Qin W. Extraction Optimization, Structural Characterization, and Antioxidant Activities of Polysaccharides from Cassia Seed ( Cassia obtusifolia). Molecules 2019; 24:E2817. [PMID: 31382366 PMCID: PMC6696105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to explore Cassia seed polysaccharides (CSPs) as natural antioxidants for application in the functional-food industry, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was optimized for the extraction of CSPs by using a response surface methodology. Furthermore, the chemical structures and antioxidant activities of CSPs extracted by MAE and hot water extraction were investigated and compared. The maximum extraction yield of CSPs extracted by MAE (8.02 ± 0.19%) was obtained at the optimized extraction parameters as follows: microwave power (415 W), extraction time (7.0 min), and ratio of water to raw material (51 mL/g). Additionally, the contents of the uronic acids, molecular weight, ratio of constituent monosaccharides, intrinsic viscosities, and degrees of esterification of CSPs were significantly affected by the MAE method. Moreover, CSPs exhibited remarkable 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ABTS, 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl DPPH, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities as well as reducing power. The high antioxidant activities observed in CSPs extracted by MAE could be partially attributed to its low molecular weights and high content of unmethylated galacturonic acid. Results indicate that the MAE method could be an efficient technique for the extraction of CSPs with high antioxidant activity, and CSPs could be further explored as functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qiao-Hong Han
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xian-Rong Xiang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Su-Qing Li
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Purification of Rhein from Cassia fistula Pod Pulp. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24102013. [PMID: 31130673 PMCID: PMC6572533 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24102013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhein is used as an active ingredient in laxatives in medicinal herbal products and is a chemical marker for quality control purposes. Thus, a simple and effective method for the optimized extraction of a high amount of rhein from the fruit pulp of Cassia fistula was investigated using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The response surface methodology was applied to find the most suitable parameters for optimizing the extraction process and to study the factors’ relationships with each other. The best conditions for ultrasonic extraction were the application of 1:40 g/mL solid-to-liquid ratio and 10% EtOH–H2O as a solvent at 75 °C for 40 min. This method was compared to a conventional decoction in two variations. In these experiments, it was confirmed that the UAE was more favorable than the decoction methods. The resulting crude extract was further purified by liquid–liquid extraction with a basic pH adjustment, followed by recrystallization. High-purity rhein was obtained by using chromatographic techniques and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Therefore, this study suggests that UAE is an efficient alternative method for the extraction of rhein from C. fistula pod pulp. The resulting optimized conditions can be applied as a useful tool for the large-scale industrial production of a rhein-rich plant extract.
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