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Obregón-Mendoza MA, Meza-Morales W, Rodríguez-Hernández KD, Estévez-Carmona MM, Pérez-González LL, Tavera-Hernández R, Ramírez-Apan MT, Barrera-Hernández D, García-Olivares M, Monroy-Torres B, Nieto-Camacho A, Chávez MI, Sánchez-Obregón R, Enríquez RG. The Antitumoral Effect In Ovo of a New Inclusion Complex from Dimethoxycurcumin with Magnesium and Beta-Cyclodextrin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4380. [PMID: 38673967 PMCID: PMC11050057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the female population because of the resistance of cancer cells to many anticancer drugs used. Curcumin has cytotoxic activities against breast cancer cells, although it has limited use due to its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolic elimination. The synthesis of metal complexes of curcumin and curcuminoids is a relevant topic in the search for more active and selective derivatives of these molecular scaffolds. However, solubility and bioavailability are concomitant disadvantages of these types of molecules. To overcome such drawbacks, the preparation of inclusion complexes offers a chemical and pharmacologically safe option for improving the aqueous solubility of organic molecules. Herein, we describe the preparation of the inclusion complex of dimethoxycurcumin magnesium complex (DiMeOC-Mg, (4)) with beta-cyclodextrin (DiMeOC-Mg-BCD, (5)) in the stoichiometric relationship 1:1. This new inclusion complex's solubility in aqueous media phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was improved by a factor of 6x over the free metal complex (4). Furthermore, 5 affects cell metabolic rate, cell morphology, cell migration, induced apoptosis, and downregulation of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) expression levels on MD Anderson metastasis breast-231 cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Results of an antitumor assay in an in ovo model showed up to 30% inhibition of tumor growth for breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) when using (5) (0.650 mg/kg dose) and 17.29% inhibition with the free homoleptic metal complex (1.5 mg/kg dose, (4)). While the formulation of inclusion complexes from metal complexes of curcuminoids demonstrates its usefulness in improving the solubility and bioavailability of these metallodrugs, the new compound (5) exhibits excellent potential for use as a therapeutic agent in the battle against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Obregón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - William Meza-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - Karla Daniela Rodríguez-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - M. Mirian Estévez-Carmona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, M. Wilfrido Massieu SN, U. A. Zacatenco, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
| | - Leidys L. Pérez-González
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - Rosario Tavera-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - María Teresa Ramírez-Apan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - David Barrera-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción “Dr. Carlos Gual Castro”, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.B.-H.); (M.G.-O.)
| | - Mitzi García-Olivares
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción “Dr. Carlos Gual Castro”, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.B.-H.); (M.G.-O.)
| | - Brian Monroy-Torres
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - Antonio Nieto-Camacho
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - María Isabel Chávez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - Rubén Sánchez-Obregón
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
| | - Raúl G. Enríquez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (W.M.-M.); (K.D.R.-H.); (L.L.P.-G.); (R.T.-H.); (M.T.R.-A.); (B.M.-T.); (A.N.-C.); (M.I.C.); (R.S.-O.)
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Pellei M, Del Gobbo J, Caviglia M, Gandin V, Marzano C, Karade DV, Noonikara Poyil A, Dias HVR, Santini C. Synthesis and Investigations of the Antitumor Effects of First-Row Transition Metal(II) Complexes Supported by Two Fluorinated and Non-Fluorinated β-Diketonates. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2038. [PMID: 38396717 PMCID: PMC10889438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The 3d transition metal (Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)) complexes, supported by anions of sterically demanding β-diketones, 1,3-dimesitylpropane-1,3-dione (HLMes) and 1,3-bis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-one (HLCF3), were synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activity. To assess the biological effects of substituents on phenyl moieties, we also synthesized and investigated the analogous metal(II) complexes of the anion of the less bulky 1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione (HLPh) ligand. The compounds [Cu(LCF3)2], [Cu(LMes)2] and ([Zn(LMes)2]) were characterized by X-ray crystallography. The [Cu(LCF3)2] crystallizes with an apical molecule of solvent (THF) and features a rare square pyramidal geometry at the Cu(II) center. The copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of diketonate ligands, derived from the deprotonated 1,3-dimesitylpropane-1,3-dione (HLMes), adopt a square planar or a tetrahedral geometry at the metal, respectively. We evaluated the antitumor properties of the newly synthesized (Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)) complexes against a series of human tumor cell lines derived from different solid tumors. Except for iron derivatives, cellular studies revealed noteworthy antitumor properties, even towards cancer cells endowed with poor sensitivity to the reference drug cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology—Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri (ChIP), Camerino, 62032 Macerata, Italy; (J.D.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Jo’ Del Gobbo
- School of Science and Technology—Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri (ChIP), Camerino, 62032 Macerata, Italy; (J.D.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Miriam Caviglia
- School of Science and Technology—Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri (ChIP), Camerino, 62032 Macerata, Italy; (J.D.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Deepika V. Karade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, P.O. Box 19065, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; (D.V.K.); (H.V.R.D.)
| | - Anurag Noonikara Poyil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, P.O. Box 19065, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; (D.V.K.); (H.V.R.D.)
| | - H. V. Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, P.O. Box 19065, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; (D.V.K.); (H.V.R.D.)
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology—Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri (ChIP), Camerino, 62032 Macerata, Italy; (J.D.G.); (C.S.)
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Mittal A, Nagpal M, Vashistha VK, Arora R, Issar U. Recent advances in the antioxidant activity of metal-curcumin complexes: a combined computational and experimental review. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:11-26. [PMID: 38145454 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2298857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, an extensively studied phytochemical compound, has gained attention for its potential therapeutic applications across a spectrum of diseases. Its notable attributes include its relatively high tolerability within the human body and its perceived absence of adverse side effects. This review article presents a comprehensive overview of the antioxidant effects exhibited by complexes formed by curcumin and curcumin derived ligands with metals like Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ga and In, which leads to toxic effects beyond a certain limit, based on both experimental and theoretical findings. Additionally, the discussion delves into metal-curcumin complexes characterized by stoichiometries of 1:1 and 1:2, exploring their geometric arrangements and corresponding antioxidant activity, as highlighted in recent studies. These complexes hold the promise of improving curcumin's solubility, stability, and bioavailability, potentially augmenting its overall therapeutic potential and expanding its scope for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mudita Nagpal
- School of Engineering and Technology, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies - Technical Campus, Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Vashistha
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Richa Arora
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Upasana Issar
- Department of Chemistry, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Meza-Morales W, Alvarez-Ricardo Y, Obregón-Mendoza MA, Arenaza-Corona A, Ramírez-Apan MT, Toscano RA, Poveda-Jaramillo JC, Enríquez RG. Three new coordination geometries of homoleptic Zn complexes of curcuminoids and their high antiproliferative potential. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8577-8585. [PMID: 36936838 PMCID: PMC10016078 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To our previously reported first crystal structure of a homoleptic zinc curcuminoid complex with square pyramidal geometry, we add herein three new geometries of homoleptic type complexes i.e. octahedral, trigonal-pyramidal, and trigonal-bipyramidal. Octahedral geometry was observed in the new pseudo-polymorph of the DAC-Zn complex resulting from crystallization in DMF, while square-pyramidal geometry was obtained in DMSO. Improving crystallinity involved suppressing the phenolic interactions by etherification and esterification. The complete characterization of these complexes was carried out using SCXRD, IR, MS, EA, liquid, and solid-state NMR. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of all complexes was evaluated. The IC50 values for the DiMeOC-Zn (7) complex were 8 or 22 times higher than for cisplatin in the U251 and HCT-15 cell lines, indicating a high antiproliferative and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Meza-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City C.P. 04510 Mexico
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Route 108, Mayaguez Puerto Rico USA
| | - Yair Alvarez-Ricardo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Marco A Obregón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Antonino Arenaza-Corona
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - María Teresa Ramírez-Apan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Rubén A Toscano
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Poveda-Jaramillo
- Laboratorio de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear, Universidad Industrial de Santander Sede Guatiguará Km. 2 vía El Refugio 681011 Piedecuesta Santander Colombia
| | - Raúl G Enríquez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City C.P. 04510 Mexico
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Homoleptic Complexes of Heterocyclic Curcuminoids with Mg(II) and Cu(II): First Conformationally Heteroleptic Case, Crystal Structures, and Biological Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031434. [PMID: 36771102 PMCID: PMC9919861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis and characterization of three heterocyclic curcuminoid ligands and their homoleptic metal complexes with magnesium and copper. Thus, N-methyl-2-pyrrolecarboxaldehyde, Furan-2-carboxaldehyde, and 2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde were condensed with 2,4-pentanedione-boron trioxide complex. The first N-methyl-2-pyrrole curcuminoid and its Mg(II) complex are reported. All curcuminoid ligands and their corresponding metal complexes were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), liquid state nuclear magnetic resonance (LSNMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), mass spectrometry (MS) and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). The ThiopheneCurc-Cu (9) constitutes the first case of a "conformationally-heteroleptic" complex. The unique six-peaks star arrangement for the ThiopheneCurc ligand derived from the supramolecular description is reported. The metal complexes of FuranCurc-Mg (5) and ThiopheneCurc-Cu (9) have a good antioxidant effect (IC50 = 11.26 ± 1.73 and 10.30 ± 0.59 μM), three and two times higher than their free ligands respectively. Additionally, (5) shows remarkable cytotoxicity against colon cancer adenocarcinoma cell line HCT-15, comparable to that of cisplatin, with a negligible toxic effect in vitro towards a healthy monkey kidney cell line (COS-7).
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Alvarez-Ricardo Y, Meza-Morales W, Obregón-Mendoza MA, Toscano RA, Núñez-Zarur F, Germán-Acacio JM, Puentes-Díaz N, Alí-Torres J, Arenaza-Corona A, Ramírez-Apan MT, Morales-Morales D, Enríquez RG. Synthesis, characterization, theoretical studies and antioxidant and cytotoxic evaluation of a series of Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC)-benzylated derivatives. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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High Yield Synthesis of Curcumin and Symmetric Curcuminoids: A "Click" and "Unclick" Chemistry Approach. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010289. [PMID: 36615495 PMCID: PMC9822029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide known and employed spice of Asian origin, turmeric, receives significant attention due to its numerous purported medicinal properties. Herein, we report an optimized synthesis of curcumin and symmetric curcuminoids of aromatic (bisdemethoxycurcumin) and heterocyclic type, with yields going from good to excellent using the cyclic difluoro-boronate derivative of acetylacetone prepared by reaction of 2,4-pentanedione with boron trifluoride in THF (ca. 95%). The subsequent cleavage of the BF2 group is of significant importance for achieving a high overall yield in this two-step procedure. Such cleavage occurs by treatment with hydrated alumina (Al2O3) or silica (SiO2) oxides, thus allowing the target heptanoids obtained in high yields as an amorphous powder to be filtered off directly from the reaction media. Furthermore, crystallization instead of chromatographic procedures provides a straightforward purification step. The ease and efficiency with which the present methodology can be applied to synthesizing the title compounds earns the terms "click" and "unclick" applied to describe particularly straightforward, efficient reactions. Furthermore, the methodology offers a simple, versatile, fast, and economical synthetic alternative for the obtention of curcumin (85% yield), bis-demethoxycurcumin (78% yield), and the symmetrical heterocyclic curcuminoids (80-92% yield), in pure form and excellent yields.
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Casiopeinas of Third Generations: Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxic Activity and Structure-Activity Relationships of Mixed Chelate Compounds with Bioactive Secondary Ligands. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113504. [PMID: 35684441 PMCID: PMC9182210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Casiopeinas are a family of copper(II) coordination compounds that have shown an important antineoplastic effect and low toxicity in normal cells. These compounds induce death cells by apoptosis through a catalytic redox process with endogenous reducing agents. Further studies included a structural variation, improving the activity and selectivity in cancer cells or other targets. In the present work we report the third generation, which contains a bioactive monocharged secondary ligand, as well as the design, synthesis, characterization and antiproliferative activity, of sixteen new copper(II) coordination compounds with curcumin or dimethoxycurcumin as secondary ligands. All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, magnetic susceptibility, mass spectra with MALDI-flight time, cyclic voltammetry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Crystallization of two complexes was achieved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) with polar solvent, and crystal data demonstrated that a square-based or square-base pyramid geometry are possible. A 1:1:1 stoichiometry (diimine: copper: curcuminoid) ratio and the possibility of a nitrate ion as a counterion were supported. 1H, 13C NMR spectra were used for the ligands. A sulforhodamine B assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect against two human cancer cell lines, SKLU-1 and HeLa. Electronic descriptors and redox potential were obtained by DFT calculations. Structure–activity relationships are strongly determined by the redox potential (E1/2) of copper(II) and molar volume (V) of the complexes. These compounds can be used as a template to open a wide field of research both experimentally and theoretically.
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Veiga N, Alvarez N, Castellano EE, Ellena J, Facchin G, Torre MH. Comparative Study of Antioxidant and Pro-Oxidant Properties of Homoleptic and Heteroleptic Copper Complexes with Amino Acids, Dipeptides and 1,10-Phenanthroline: The Quest for Antitumor Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:6520. [PMID: 34770929 PMCID: PMC8587672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a search for new antitumoral agents, a series of homoleptic copper(II) complexes with amino acids and dipeptides, as well as heteroleptic complexes containing both dipeptides and 1,10-phenanthroline, were studied. Furthermore, a single-crystal structure containing alanyl-leucinato ([Cu3(AlaLeu)3(H2O)3(CO3)]·PF6·H2O), which is the first homotrinuclear carbonato-bridged copper(II) complex with a dipeptide moiety, is presented. To assess possible antitumor action mechanisms, we focused on the comparative analysis of pro- and antioxidant behaviors. Pro-oxidant activity, in which the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed by the reaction of the complexes with H2O2 produce oxidative damage to 2-deoxy-d-ribose, was evaluated using the TBARS method. Additionally, the antioxidant action was quantified through the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, using a protocol based on the inhibitory effect of SOD on the reduction of nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) by the superoxide anion generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. Our findings show that Cu-amino acid complexes are strong ROS producers and moderate SOD mimics. Conversely, Cu-dipeptide-phen complexes are good SOD mimics but poor ROS producers. The activity of Cu-dipeptide complexes was strongly dependent on the dipeptide. A DFT computational analysis revealed that complexes with high SOD-like activity tend to display a large dipole moment and condensed-to-copper charge, softness and LUMO contribution. Moreover, good ROS producers have higher global hardness and copper electrophilicity, lower copper softness and flexible and freely accessible coordination polyhedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Veiga
- Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2124, Montevideo C.P. 11800, Uruguay; (N.V.); (N.A.)
| | - Natalia Alvarez
- Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2124, Montevideo C.P. 11800, Uruguay; (N.V.); (N.A.)
| | - Eduardo E. Castellano
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Cristalografia Estrutural, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (E.E.C.); (J.E.)
| | - Javier Ellena
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Cristalografia Estrutural, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (E.E.C.); (J.E.)
| | - Gianella Facchin
- Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2124, Montevideo C.P. 11800, Uruguay; (N.V.); (N.A.)
| | - María H. Torre
- Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2124, Montevideo C.P. 11800, Uruguay; (N.V.); (N.A.)
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10
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Obregón-Mendoza MA, Arias-Olguín II, Estévez-Carmona MM, Meza-Morales W, Alvarez-Ricardo Y, Toscano RA, Arenas-Huertero F, Cassani J, Enríquez RG. Non-Cytotoxic Dibenzyl and Difluoroborate Curcuminoid Fluorophores Allow Visualization of Nucleus or Cytoplasm in Bioimaging. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143205. [PMID: 32674349 PMCID: PMC7397183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, the most important secondary metabolite isolated from Curcuma longa, is known for its numerous purported therapeutic properties and as a natural dye. Herein, based on curcumin's intrinsic fluorescence, a search for improved curcumin-based fluorophores was conducted. Within the set of semi-synthetic curcumin derivatives i.e. mono (1), di (2), tri (3), tetra (4) benzylated and dibenzyl-fluoroborate (5), the fluorescence properties of 2 and 5 in solution outstood with a two-fold quantum yield compared to curcumin. Furthermore, all benzylated derivatives showed a favorable minimal cytotoxic activity upon screening at 25 μM against human cancer and non-tumoral COS-7 cell lines, with a reduction of its cytotoxic effect related to the degree of substitution. Fluorophores 2 and 5 are versatile bioimaging tools, as revealed by Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy (CFM), and showed permeation of living cell membranes of astrocytes and astrocytomas. When 2 is excited with a 405- (blue) or 543-nm (green) laser, it is possible to exclusively and intensively visualize the nucleus. However, the fluorescence emission fades as the laser wavelength moves towards the red region. In comparison, 5 allows selective visualization of cytoplasm when a 560-nm laser is used, showing emission in the NIR region, while it is possible to exclusively observe the nucleus at the blue region with a 405-nm laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Obregón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (I.I.A.-O.); (W.M.-M.); (Y.A.-R.); (R.A.T.)
| | - Imilla I. Arias-Olguín
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (I.I.A.-O.); (W.M.-M.); (Y.A.-R.); (R.A.T.)
| | - M. Mirian Estévez-Carmona
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu SN, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
| | - William Meza-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (I.I.A.-O.); (W.M.-M.); (Y.A.-R.); (R.A.T.)
| | - Yair Alvarez-Ricardo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (I.I.A.-O.); (W.M.-M.); (Y.A.-R.); (R.A.T.)
| | - Rubén A. Toscano
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (I.I.A.-O.); (W.M.-M.); (Y.A.-R.); (R.A.T.)
| | - Francisco Arenas-Huertero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico;
| | - Julia Cassani
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico;
| | - Raúl G. Enríquez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.A.O.-M.); (I.I.A.-O.); (W.M.-M.); (Y.A.-R.); (R.A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5622-4404
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Pham CT, Pham TT, Nguyen HH, Trieu TN. Syntheses, Structures, and Bioactivities Evaluation of some Transition Metal Complexes with 4,4'-Diacetylcurcumin. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Pham
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; VNU University of Science; Vietnam National University Hanoi; 19 Le Thanh Tong Hoan Kiem Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thu Thuy Pham
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; VNU University of Science; Vietnam National University Hanoi; 19 Le Thanh Tong Hoan Kiem Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Hung Huy Nguyen
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; VNU University of Science; Vietnam National University Hanoi; 19 Le Thanh Tong Hoan Kiem Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thi Nguyet Trieu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; VNU University of Science; Vietnam National University Hanoi; 19 Le Thanh Tong Hoan Kiem Hanoi Vietnam
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Gholami M, Zeighami H, Bikas R, Heidari A, Rafiee F, Haghi F. Inhibitory activity of metal-curcumin complexes on quorum sensing related virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. AMB Express 2020; 10:111. [PMID: 32514786 PMCID: PMC7280416 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of metal complexes to reduce or inhibit virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a promising strategy for the management and control of infections caused by this multidrug-resistant pathogen. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-quorum sensing activity of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate-curcumin complex (Cu-CUR), iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate -curcumin complex (Fe-CUR), zinc(II) chloride-curcumin complex (Zn-CUR) and free curcumin (free-CUR) against P. aeruginosa PAO1. Metal-CUR complexes were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods. The effect of sub-MIC (1/4 and 1/16 MIC) concentrations of metal-CUR complexes and free-CUR on cell growth, biofilm formation, motility, alginate and pyocyanin production, H2O2 susceptibility and expression of lasI and lasR genes in PAO1 was determined. MIC of metal-CUR complexes and free-CUR was determined as 62.5 and 125 µg/ml, respectively. Metal-CUR complexes at concentration of 62.5 µg/ml significantly reduced the cell growth to 1.5%–3.3%. Although we did not measure the anti-QS activity of metal-CUR complexes directly against PAO1, they indicated anti-QS activity in C. violaceum CV026. Copper-CUR complex at the concentration of 1/4 MIC showed the greatest inhibitory effect on swarming and twitching motilities, biofilm formation, alginate and pyocyanin production, sensitivity to H2O2 and reduction in the expression levels of lasI and lasR genes (P < 0.001). Considering the biological effects of Cu-CUR complex and its inhibitory activity on virulence factors, it may be used as an effective compound for treatment and control of infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
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13
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Synthesis, physicochemical characterization and biological properties of two novel Cu(II) complexes based on natural products curcumin and quercetin. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 208:111083. [PMID: 32487364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin and quercetin are two of the most prominent natural polyphenols with a diverse spectrum of beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity. The complexation of these natural products with bioactive transition metal ions can lead to the generation of novel metallodrugs with enhanced biochemical and pharmacological activities. Within this framework, the synthesis and detailed structural and physicochemical characterization of two novel complex assemblies of Cu(II) with curcumin and quercetin and the ancillary aromatic chelator 2,2'-bipyridine is presented. The two complexes represent the only crystallographically characterized structures with Cu(II) as the central metal ion and curcumin or quercetin as the ligands. The new complexes were biologically evaluated in vitro for their antioxidant potential, both exhibiting strong scavenging activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, and their plasmid DNA binding/cleavage properties. Both complexes appear to be non-toxic in the eukaryotic experimental model Saccharomyces cerevisiae and merit further investigation of their pharmacological profile.
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Meza-Morales W, Estévez-Carmona MM, Alvarez-Ricardo Y, Obregón-Mendoza MA, Cassani J, Ramírez-Apan MT, Escobedo-Martínez C, Soriano-García M, Reynolds WF, Enríquez RG. Full Structural Characterization of Homoleptic Complexes of Diacetylcurcumin with Mg, Zn, Cu, and Mn: Cisplatin-level Cytotoxicity in Vitro with Minimal Acute Toxicity in Vivo. Molecules 2019; 24:E1598. [PMID: 31018515 PMCID: PMC6515169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
At the present time, scientists place a great deal of effort worldwide trying to improve the therapeutic potential of metal complexes of curcumin and curcuminoids. Herein, the synthesis of four homoleptic metal complexes with diacetylcurcumin (DAC), using a ligand designed to prevent the interaction of phenolic groups, rendering metal complexes through the β-diketone functionality, is reported. Due to their physiological relevance, we used bivalent magnesium, zinc, copper, and manganese for complexation with DAC. The resulting products were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR), liquid and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), magnetic moment, mass spectrometry (MS), single crystal, and powder X-ray diffraction (SCXRD and PXRD). Crystallization was achieved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as triclinic systems with space group P-1, showing the metal bound to the β-diketone function, while the 1H-NMR confirmed the preference of the enolic form of the ligand. Single crystal data demonstrated a 1:2 metal:ligand ratio. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation was evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay (TBARS). All four metal complexes (Mg, Zn, Cu, and Mn) exhibited good antioxidant effect (IC50 = 2.03 ± 0.27, 1.58 ± 0.07, 1.58 ± 0.15 and 1.24 ± 0.10 μM respectively) compared with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and α-tocopherol. The cytotoxic activity in human cancer cell lines against colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-15), mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and lung adenocarcinoma (SKLU-1) was found comparable ((DAC)2Mg), or ca. 2-fold higher ((DAC)2Zn) than cisplatin. The acute toxicity assays indicate class 5 toxicity, according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines at doses of 3 g/kg for all complexes. No mortality or changes in the behavior of animals in any of the treated groups was observed. A therapeutic potential can be envisaged from the relevant cytotoxic activity upon human cancer cell lines in vitro and the undetected in vivo acute toxicity of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Meza-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX CP 07340, México.
| | - M Mirian Estévez-Carmona
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu SN, CDMX CP 07738, México.
| | - Yair Alvarez-Ricardo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX CP 07340, México.
| | - Marco A Obregón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX CP 07340, México.
| | - Julia Cassani
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, CDMX CP 04960, México.
| | - María Teresa Ramírez-Apan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX CP 07340, México.
| | - Carolina Escobedo-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Guanajuato, Guanajuato CP 36050, México.
| | - Manuel Soriano-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX CP 07340, México.
| | - William F Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
| | - Raúl G Enríquez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX CP 07340, México.
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