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Rajčević N, Bukvički D, Dodoš T, Marin PD. Interactions between Natural Products-A Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121256. [PMID: 36557296 PMCID: PMC9786035 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based natural products have been used as a source for therapeutics since the dawn of civilization. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 80% of the world's population relies on traditional medicine for their primary healthcare. Numerous natural extracts, widely known in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Indian Ayurveda medicine and other practices, have led to the modern discovery and development of new drugs. Plants continuously interact with their environment, producing new compounds and ever-changing combinations of existing ones. Interestingly, some of the compounds have shown lower therapeutic activity in comparison to the extract they were isolated from. These findings suggest that the higher therapeutic activity of the source extract was due to the synergistic effect of several compounds. In other words, the total therapeutic potential of the extract cannot be explained only by the sum of its parts alone. In traditional medicine, most herbal remedies are based on a mixture of plants, and it is the interaction between different constituents that amplifies their therapeutic potential. Considering the significant influence traditional medicine has on human healthcare, knowing and studying the synergistic effect of compounds is paramount in designing smart therapeutic agents.
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2
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Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Used by the Tenggerese Society in Java Island of Indonesia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217532. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The archipelagic country of Indonesia is inhabited by 300 ethnic groups, including the indigenous people of Tengger. Based on the reported list of medicinal plants used by the Tengger community, we have reviewed each of them for their phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities. Out of a total of 41 medicinal plants used by the Tengerrese people, 33 species were studied for their phytochemical and pharmacological properties. More than 554 phytochemicals with diverse molecular structures belonging to different chemical classes including flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and volatiles were identified from these studied 34 medicinal plants. Many of these medicinal plants and their compounds have been tested for various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound healing, headache, antimalarial and hypertension. Five popularly used medicinal plants by the healers were Garcinia mangostana, Apium graveolens, Cayratia clematidea, Drymocallis arguta and Elaeocarpus longifolius. Only A. graviolens were previously studied, with the outcomes supporting the pharmacological claims to treat hypertension. Few unexplored medicinal plants are Physalis lagascae, Piper amplum, Rosa tomentosa and Tagetes tenuifolia, and they present great potential for biodiscovery and drug lead identification.
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3
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Nekoei S, Khamesipour F, Habtemariam S, de Souza W, Mohammadi Pour P, Hosseini SR. The anti‐
Trypanosoma
activities of medicinal plants: A systematic review of the literature. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:2738-2772. [DOI: 10.1002/vms3.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Nekoei
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran
| | - Faham Khamesipour
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories and Herbal Analysis Services University of Greenwich Central Avenue Chatham‐Maritime Gillingham Kent UK
| | - Wanderley de Souza
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens e Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Pardis Mohammadi Pour
- Phytochemistry Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran
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4
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Pharmacological Profile, Bioactivities, and Safety of Turmeric Oil. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165055. [PMID: 36014301 PMCID: PMC9414992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological attributes of turmeric have been extensively described and frequently related to the action of curcuminoids. However, there is also scientific evidence of the contribution of turmeric oil. Since the oil does not contain curcuminoids in its composition, it is crucial to better understand the therapeutic role of other constituents in turmeric. The present review discusses the pharmacokinetics of turmeric oil, pointing to the potential application of its active molecules as therapeutic compounds. In addition, the bioactivities of turmeric oil and its safety in preclinical and clinical studies were revised. This literature-based research intends to provide an updated overview to promote further research on turmeric oil and its constituents.
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Anthelmintic Efficacy of Palmarosa Oil and Curcuma Oil against the Fish Ectoparasite Gyrodactylus kobayashii (monogenean). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131685. [PMID: 35804584 PMCID: PMC9265098 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monogeneans are a serious threat to the development of aquaculture due to the severe economic losses they cause. The prevention and treatment of this disease are increasingly difficult because of the environmental and health concerns caused by the use of chemical anthelmintics and the emergence of drug resistance. It is thus necessary to search for effective alternatives for the treatment of monogenean infections. In the current study, anthelmintic efficacy of 16 selected essential oils (EOs) was investigated using the goldfish (Carassius auratus)–Gyrodactylus kobayashii model. The screening experiment indicated that palmarosa oil and curcuma oil had satisfactory anthelmintic activity against G. kobayashii with EC100 values of 10 and 12 mg/L after 24-h exposure, respectively. The in vivo and in vitro assays indicated anthelmintic efficacy of palmarosa oil against G. kobayashii was in a time and dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, curcuma oil showed an anesthetic effect on G. kobayashii, and its anthelmintic activity was dose-dependent rather than time-dependent in the concentration range tested in this study. Additionally, the 24-h LC50 (50% lethal concentration) against goldfish of these two EOs was 8.19-fold and 5.54-fold higher than their corresponding EC50 (50% effective concentration) against G. kobayashii, respectively. Moreover, exposure to these two EOs at 100% effective concentration against G. kobayashii had no serious physiological and histopathological influence on goldfish. These results demonstrated a high safety for goldfish of these two EOs. Overall, palmarosa oil and curcuma oil could be potential candidates for the treatment of G. kobayashii infections in aquaculture.
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Mahomoodally MF, Jugreet BS, Zengin G, Lesetja LJ, Abdallah HH, Ezzat MO, Gallo M, Montesano D. Seven Compounds from Turmeric Essential Oil Inhibit Three Key Proteins Involved in SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry and Replication in silico. JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOPHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s2737416521500484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Turmeric rhizome (Cucurma longa L.) has showed great potential as a traditional drug in folk medicine of several countries. In light of the prominent use of turmeric rhizome in treating both respiratory and viral diseases, we aimed to dock major compounds from the essential oil of turmeric against three key proteins involved in COVID-19 cell entry and replication. Methods: The essential oil of turmeric rhizome was obtained using a hydrodistillation technique, and the chemical characterization of the oil was investigated using GC-MS/GC-FID. Then, main compounds were docked with the key proteins of COVID-19. Results: A total of 26 components were identified in the essential oil extracted from the rhizomes via GC-MS/GC-FID. Seven dominant compounds (turmerone (31.4%), ar-turmerone (16.1%), turmerol (14.6%), terpinolene (11.0%), [Formula: see text]-zingiberene (5.2%), [Formula: see text]-sesquiphellandrene (4.8%), and [Formula: see text]-caryophyllene (3.5%)) were docked against COVID-19 main protease, papain-like protease (PLpro), spike protein and 3C-like protease (3CLpro), and the best inhibitor was picked according to the calculated binding affinity and non-bonding interactions with the protein active site. [Formula: see text]-sesquiphellandrene and [Formula: see text]-zingiberene showed highest besides the same binding affinity towards COVID-19 virus ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kcal/mol, respectively). [Formula: see text]-zingiberene was found to bind at the active site of the COVID-19 protein and interacted with different non-bonding interactions, while turmerol showed the highest affinity ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kcal/mol) against CLpro enzyme by binding with Met165, Leu141, Met49, Ser144, Cys145, and Glu166 residues. Conclusion: The essential oil of turmeric harbors a blend of potentially bioactive compounds that may be considered as a good target against COVID-19 virus and warrants further experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Bibi Sharmeen Jugreet
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Legoabe J. Lesetja
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Hassan H. Abdallah
- Chemistry Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Oday Ezzat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Women, University of Anbar, 31001, Ramadi, Anbar, Iraq
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Perugia, via San Costanzo, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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7
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GC-MS Characterization of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antitrypanosomal Activity of Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil and Eugenol. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6663255. [PMID: 33688364 PMCID: PMC7914077 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6663255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Syzygium aromaticum has a diversity of biological activities due to the chemical compounds found in its plant products such as total phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The present work describes the chemical analysis and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitrypanosomal activity of the essential oil of S. aromaticum. Eugenol (53.23%) as the major compound was verified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. S. aromaticum essential oil was more effective against S. aureus (MIC 50 μg/mL) than eugenol (MIC 250 μg/mL). Eugenol presented higher antioxidant activity than S. aromaticum essential oil, with an EC50 of 12.66 and 78.98 µg/mL, respectively. S. aromaticum essential oil and eugenol exhibited Trypanosoma cruzi inhibitory activity, with IC50 of 28.68 ± 1.073 and 31.97 ± 1.061 μg/mL against epimastigotes and IC50 of 64.51 ± 1.658 and 45.73 ± 1.252 μg/mL against intracellular amastigotes, respectively. Both compounds presented low cytotoxicity, with S. aromaticum essential oil displaying 15.5-fold greater selectivity for the parasite than the cells. Nitrite levels in T. cruzi-stimulated cells were reduced by essential oil (47.01%; p = 0.002) and eugenol (48.05%; p = 0.003) treatment. The trypanocidal activity of S. aromaticum essential oil showed that it is reasonable to use it in future research in the search for new therapeutic alternatives for trypanosomiasis.
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8
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Kim KM, Lee JY, Jeon BH, Quan KT, Na M, Nam KW, Chae S. Extract of Curcuma zedoaria R. prevents atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Nutr Res Pract 2021; 15:319-328. [PMID: 34093973 PMCID: PMC8155225 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.3.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Curcuma zedoaria R. (Zingiberaceae) has been used to treat headache, fever, and hypertension-related symptoms in Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Japan. We investigated whether dietary intake of a C. zedoaria extract (CzE) affected atherosclerosis in vivo. MATERIALS/METHODS Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice (n = 32) were fed a normal diet (ND), a high-cholesterol diet (HCD), an HCD containing CzE (100 mg/kg/day), or an HCD containing simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. The anti-atherosclerotic effects were evaluated by observing changes in fatty streak lesions, immunohistochemical analysis, ex vivo fluorescence imaging, lipid profiles, and western blot analysis. RESULTS The CzE-fed group showed a 41.6% reduction of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, CzE significantly reduced the levels of serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, the chemokine (C-X3-C-motif) ligand 1, the adhesion molecules vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin; down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, high mobility group box-1, and cathepsin levels in the aortic sinuses and aortas of ApoE−/− mice were also observed. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of a water extract of C. zedoaria in a HCD is closely correlated with reducing the risk of vascular inflammatory diseases in an ApoE mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.,Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Kung-Woo Nam
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.,Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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9
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de Morais MC, de Souza JV, da Silva Maia Bezerra Filho C, Dolabella SS, de Sousa DP. Trypanocidal Essential Oils: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194568. [PMID: 33036315 PMCID: PMC7583723 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosomiases are diseases caused by parasitic protozoan trypanosomes of the genus Trypanosoma. In humans, this includes Chagas disease and African trypanosomiasis. There are few therapeutic options, and there is low efficacy to clinical treatment. Therefore, the search for new drugs for the trypanosomiasis is urgent. This review describes studies of the trypanocidal properties of essential oils, an important group of natural products widely found in several tropical countries. Seventy-seven plants were selected from literature for the trypanocidal activity of their essential oils. The main chemical constituents and mechanisms of action are also discussed. In vitro and in vivo experimental data show the therapeutic potential of these natural products for the treatment of infections caused by species of Trypanosoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Castro de Morais
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; (M.C.d.M.); (J.V.d.S.); (C.d.S.M.B.F.)
| | - Jucieudo Virgulino de Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; (M.C.d.M.); (J.V.d.S.); (C.d.S.M.B.F.)
| | - Carlos da Silva Maia Bezerra Filho
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; (M.C.d.M.); (J.V.d.S.); (C.d.S.M.B.F.)
| | - Silvio Santana Dolabella
- Laboratory of Entomology and Tropical Parasitology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil;
| | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; (M.C.d.M.); (J.V.d.S.); (C.d.S.M.B.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-83-3216-7347
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Mitsuwan W, Bunsuwansakul C, Leonard TE, Laohaprapanon S, Hounkong K, Bunluepuech K, Kaewjai C, Mahboob T, Sumudi Raju C, Dhobi M, Pereira MDL, Nawaz M, Wiart C, Siyadatpanah A, Norouzi R, Nissapatorn V. Curcuma longa ethanol extract and Curcumin inhibit the growth of Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts isolated from water reservoirs at Walailak University, Thailand. Pathog Glob Health 2020; 114:194-204. [PMID: 32315247 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2020.1755551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CURCUMA LONGA (C. longa) rhizome extract has been traditionally used to treat many infections. Curcumin, a pure compound isolated from the plant, has been documented to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Thai medicinal plant extracts including C. longa extract and Curcumin on Acanthamoeba triangularis, a causative agent of human Acanthamoeba keratitis. The parasite was isolated from the recreational reservoir at Walailak University, Thailand. The organism was identified as A. triangularis using morphology and 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. The pathogen was tested for their susceptibility to ethanol extracts of Thai medicinal plants based on eye infection treatment. The ethanol C. longa extract showed the strongest anti-Acanthamoeba activity against both the trophozoites and cysts, followed by Coscinium fenestratum, Coccinia grandis, and Acmella oleracea extracts, respectively. After 24 h, 95% reduction of trophozoite viability was significantly decreased following the treatment with C. longa extract at 125 µg/mL, compared with the control (P < 0.05). The extract at 1,000 µg/mL inhibited 90% viability of Acanthamoeba cyst within 24 h, compared with the control. It was found that the cysts treated with C. longa extract at 500 µg/mL demonstrated abnormal shape after 24 h. The MIC values of C. longa extract and Curcumin against the trophozoites were 125 and 62.5 µg/mL, respectively. While the MICs of the extract and curcumin against the cysts were 500 and 1,000 µg/mL, respectively. The results suggested the potential medicinal benefits of C. longa extract and Curcumin as the alternative treatment of Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chooseel Bunsuwansakul
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Theodore Ebenezer Leonard
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences , Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Kruawan Hounkong
- Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University , Narathiwat, Thailand
| | - Kingkan Bunluepuech
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chalermpon Kaewjai
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Rangsit University , Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tooba Mahboob
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandramathi Sumudi Raju
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahaveer Dhobi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University , Delhi, India
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro , Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University , Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Norouzi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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11
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Batiha GES, Beshbishy AM, Alkazmi L, Adeyemi OS, Nadwa E, Rashwan E, El-Mleeh A, Igarashi I. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, phytochemical screening and antiprotozoal effects of the methanolic Viola tricolor and acetonic Laurus nobilis extracts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:87. [PMID: 32183812 PMCID: PMC7077018 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The antiprotozoal and antioxidant activities of Viola tricolor and Laurus nobilis have been reported recently. Thus, the existing study pursued to assess the growth inhibition effect of methanolic extract of V. tricolor (MEVT) and acetonic extract of L. nobilis (AELN) against five Babesia parasites and Theileria equi in vitro and in vivo. Results MEVT and AELN suppressed Babesia bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens, B. caballi, and T. equi growth at half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 75.7 ± 2.6, 43.3 ± 1.8, 67.6 ± 2.8, 48 ± 3.8, 54 ± 2.1 μg/mL, and 86.6 ± 8.2, 33.3 ± 5.1, 62.2 ± 3.3, 34.5 ± 7.5 and 82.2 ± 9.3 μg/mL, respectively. Qualitative phytochemical estimation revealed that both extracts containing multiple bioactive constituents and significant amounts of flavonoids and phenols. The toxicity assay revealed that MEVT and AELN affected the mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH/3 T3) and Madin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell viability with half-maximum effective concentrations (EC50) of 930 ± 29.9, 1260 ± 18.9 μg/mL, and 573.7 ± 12.4, 831 ± 19.9 μg/mL, respectively, while human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cell viability was not influenced even at 1500 μg/mL. The in vivo experiment revealed that the oral administration of MEVT and AELN prohibited B. microti multiplication in mice by 35.1 and 56.1%, respectively. Conclusions These analyses indicate the prospects of MEVT and AELN as good candidates for isolating new anti-protozoal compounds which could assist in the development of new drug molecules with new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Amany Magdy Beshbishy
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Luay Alkazmi
- Biology department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- Medicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, 251101, Nigeria
| | - Eman Nadwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Rashwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany El-Mleeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Ikuo Igarashi
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
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12
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Mancianti F, Ebani VV. Biological Activity of Essential Oils. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030678. [PMID: 32033336 PMCID: PMC7037813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mancianti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2 I 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute “Nutrafood”, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80 I 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Virginia Ebani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2 I 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute “Nutrafood”, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80 I 56124 Pisa, Italy
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13
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El-Saber Batiha G, Magdy Beshbishy A, Stephen Adeyemi O, Hassan Nadwa E, kadry Mohamed Rashwan E, Alkazmi LM, Elkelish AA, Igarashi I. Phytochemical Screening and Antiprotozoal Effects of the Methanolic Berberis vulgaris and Acetonic Rhus coriaria Extracts. Molecules 2020; 25:E550. [PMID: 32012795 PMCID: PMC7037273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris (B. vulgaris) and Rhus coriaria (R. coriaria) have been documented to have various pharmacologic activities. The current study assessed the in vitro as well as in vivo inhibitory efficacy of a methanolic extract of B. vulgaris (MEBV) and an acetone extract of R. coriaria (AERC) on six species of piroplasm parasites. The drug-exposure viability assay was tested on three different cell lines, namely mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH/3T3), Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) and human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. Qualitative phytochemical estimation revealed that both extracts containing alkaloid, tannin, saponins and terpenoids and significant amounts of flavonoids and polyphenols. The GC-MS analysis of MEBV and AERC revealed the existence of 27 and 20 phytochemical compounds, respectively. MEBV and AERC restricted the multiplication of Babesia (B.) bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens, B. caballi, and Theileria (T.) equi at the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.84 ± 0.2, 0.81 ± 0.3, 4.1 ± 0.9, 0.35 ± 0.1 and 0.68 ± 0.1 µg/mL and 85.7 ± 3.1, 60 ± 8.5, 90 ± 3.7, 85.7 ± 2.1 and 78 ± 2.1 µg/mL, respectively. In the cytotoxicity assay, MEBV and AERC inhibited MDBK, NIH/3T3 and HFF cells with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of 695.7 ± 24.9, 931 ± 44.9, ˃1500 µg/mL and 737.7 ± 17.4, ˃1500 and ˃1500 µg/mL, respectively. The experiments in mice showed that MEBV and AERC prohibited B. microti multiplication at 150 mg/kg by 66.7% and 70%, respectively. These results indicate the prospects of these extracts as drug candidates for piroplasmosis treatment following additional studies in some clinical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (A.M.B.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Amany Magdy Beshbishy
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (A.M.B.)
| | - Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Medicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine and Toxicology Laboratory, Landmark University, Omu-Aran 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria;
| | - Eman Hassan Nadwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Eman kadry Mohamed Rashwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 71524, Egypt;
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luay M. Alkazmi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr A. Elkelish
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Ikuo Igarashi
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (A.M.B.)
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14
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Gu S, Li L, Huang H, Wang B, Zhang T. Antitumor, Antiviral, and Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of Essential Oils from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. Produced with Different Processing Methods. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162956. [PMID: 31443182 PMCID: PMC6719198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. has been used as an invigorating spleen drug for eliminating dampness and phlegm in China. According to recent researches, different processing methods may affect the drug efficacy, so we collected A. macrocephala from the Zhejiang Province, produced with different processing methods, crude A. macrocephala (CA) and bran-processed A. macrocephala (BA), then analyzed its essential oils (EOs) by GC/MS. The results showed 34 components representing 98.44% of the total EOs of CA were identified, and 46 components representing 98.02% of the total EOs of BA were identified. Atractylone is the main component in A. macrocephala. Compared with CA, BA has 46 detected compounds, 28 of which were identical, and 6 undetected compounds. Pharmacodynamic results revealed that the EOs of CA and atractylone exhibited more effective anticancer activity in HepG2, MCG803, and HCT-116 cells than the EOs of BA; while the EOs of BA exhibited simple antiviral effect on viruses H3N2, both the EOs and atractylone show anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in ANA-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Experimental Teaching Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Hai-ke Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
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