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Karbownik-Lewińska M, Stępniak J, Iwan P, Lewiński A. Iodine as a potential endocrine disruptor-a role of oxidative stress. Endocrine 2022; 78:219-240. [PMID: 35726078 PMCID: PMC9584999 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iodine is an essential micronutrient required for thyroid hormone biosynthesis. However, overtreatment with iodine can unfavorably affect thyroid physiology. The aim of this review is to present the evidence that iodine-when in excess-can interfere with thyroid hormone synthesis and, therefore, can act as a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), and that this action, as well as other abnormalities in the thyroid, occurs-at least partially-via oxidative stress. METHODS We reviewed published studies on iodine as a potential EDC, with particular emphasis on the phenomenon of oxidative stress. RESULTS This paper summarizes current knowledge on iodine excess in the context of its properties as an EDC and its effects on oxidative processes. CONCLUSION Iodine does fulfill the criteria of an EDC because it is an exogenous chemical that interferes-when in excess-with thyroid hormone synthesis. However, this statement cannot change general rules regarding iodine supply, which means that iodine deficiency should be still eliminated worldwide and, at the same time, iodine excess should be avoided. Universal awareness that iodine is a potential EDC would make consumers more careful regarding their diet and what they supplement in tablets, and-what is of great importance-it would make caregivers choose iodine-containing medications (or other chemicals) more prudently. It should be stressed that compared to iodine deficiency, iodine in excess (acting either as a potential EDC or via other mechanisms) is much less harmful in such a sense that it affects only a small percentage of sensitive individuals, whereas the former affects whole populations; therefore, it causes endemic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Karbownik-Lewińska
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752, Lodz, Poland.
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jan Stępniak
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Iwan
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lewiński
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338, Lodz, Poland
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Jie M, Guo R, Zhang Y, Huang J, Xu G, Li M, Yue X, Ji B, Bai Y. A facile fluorescent sensor based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots derived from Listeria monocytogenes for highly selective and visual detection of iodide and pH. RSC Adv 2022; 12:7295-7305. [PMID: 35424687 PMCID: PMC8982288 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00826b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes-derived nitrogen-doped carbon dots served as a facile fluorescent sensor with excellent sensing performances for iodide with low detection limit of 20 nmol L−1 and wide pH range from 1.81 to 11.82.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsha Jie
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Guo
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Vocational College of Applied Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450042, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Huang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Gaigai Xu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyue Yue
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Baocheng Ji
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Bai
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
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Tang X, Yu H, Bui B, Wang L, Xing C, Wang S, Chen M, Hu Z, Chen W. Nitrogen-doped fluorescence carbon dots as multi-mechanism detection for iodide and curcumin in biological and food samples. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:1541-1554. [PMID: 33294732 PMCID: PMC7691164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodine ion is one of the most indispensable anions in living organisms, particularly being an important substance for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Curcumin is a yellow-orange polyphenol compound derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L., which has been commonly used as a spice and natural coloring agent, food additives, cosmetics as well as Chinese medicine. However, excess curcumin may cause DNA inactivation, lead to a decrease in intracellular ATP levels, and trigger the tissue necrosis. Therefore, quantitative detection of iodine and curcumin is of great significance in the fields of food and life sciences. Herein, we develop nitrogen-doped fluorescent carbon dots (NCDs) as a multi-mechanism detection for iodide and curcumin in actual complex biological and food samples, which was prepared by a one-step solid-phase synthesis using tartaric acid and urea as precursors without adding any other reagents. An assembled NCDs-Hg2+ fluorescence-enhanced sensor for the quantitative detection of I- was established based on a fluorescence "turn-off-on" mechanism in a linear range of 0.3-15 μM with a detection limit of 69.4 nM and successfully quantified trace amounts of I- in water samples and urine sample. Meanwhile, the as-synthesized NCDs also can be used as a fluorescent quenched sensor for curcumin detection based on the synergistic internal filtration effect (IFE) and static quenching, achieving a good linear range of 0.1-20 μM with a satisfactory detection limit of 29.8 nM. These results indicate that carbon dots are potential sensing materials for iodine and curcumin detection for the good of our health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China
| | - Hongmei Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China
| | - Brian Bui
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019-0059, USA
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019-0059, USA
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Christina Xing
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019-0059, USA
| | - Shaoyan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China
| | - Mingli Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box332, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Zhizhi Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019-0059, USA
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Flieger J, Kawka J, Tatarczak-Michalewska M. Levels of the Thiocyanate in the Saliva of Tobacco Smokers in Comparison to e-Cigarette Smokers and Nonsmokers Measured by HPLC on a Phosphatidylcholine Column. Molecules 2019; 24:E3790. [PMID: 31640293 PMCID: PMC6832790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate the thiocyanate levels in saliva of cigarette smokers in comparison to e-cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. To improve our understanding of the influence of smoking on the oral level of thiocyanate, we conducted an assessment of human saliva, in 24 individuals (eight tobacco smokers, eight e-cigarette smokers, and eight nonsmokers). High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) using a unique phosphatidylcholine column was applied in this assay. Thiocyanate ion was detected directly by its absorbance at 210 nm. The method presents a new application of the IAM (Immobilized Artificial Membrane) column for quantification of inorganic anions. The whole process meets the criteria of green chemistry because it was carried out without the use of organic solvents. For compensating matrix effects, an eight-point standard addition protocol was used to quantify the thiocyanate level in saliva samples. The calibration graphs were linear in the range of 5-100 mg L-1 with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.99. The thiocyanate concentrations in the saliva of tobacco smokers, e-cigarette smokers, and nonsmokers were found in the range of 121.25-187.54 mg L-1, 121.24-244.11 mg L-1, 33.03-79.49 mg L-1, respectively. The present study indicates an obvious statistically significant elevation in salivary thiocyanate level in tobacco smokers in comparison to nonsmokers. The phosphatidylcholine-based stationary phase proved to be suitable for the detection and quantification of the thiocyanate ion. The salivary thiocyanate levels in e-cigarette smokers were not significantly different in comparison to tobacco smokers but higher if compared to nonsmokers. The criterion for statistical significance was p < 0.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Justyna Kawka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
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