1
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Vercruysse W, Muniz RR, Joos B, Hardy A, Hamed H, Desta D, Boyen HG, Schreurs S, Safari M, Marchal W, Vandamme D. Co-pyrolysis of chicken feathers and macadamia nut shells, a promising strategy to create nitrogen-enriched electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 396:130417. [PMID: 38316229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Global food waste emits substantial quantities of nitrogen to the environment (6.3 Mtons annually), chicken feather (CF) waste is a major contributor to this. Pyrolysis, in particular co-pyrolysis of nitrogen-rich and lignocellulosic waste streams is a promising strategy to improve the extent of pyrolytic nitrogen retention by incorporating nitrogen in its solid biochar structure. As such, this biochar can serve as a precursor for nitrogen-enriched activated carbons for application in supercapacitors. Therefore, this study investigates the co-pyrolysis of CF with macadamia nut shells (MNS) to create nitrogen-rich activated carbons. Co-pyrolysis increased nitrogen retention during pyrolysis from 9 % to 18 % compared to CF mono-pyrolysis, while the porosity was maintained. After removing undesirable inorganic impurities by dilute acid washing, this led to a specific capacitance of 21F/g using a scan rate of 20 mV/s. Finally, cycling stability tests demonstrated good stability with 73 % capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Vercruysse
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - R R Muniz
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - B Joos
- Design and Synthesis of Inorganic Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMEC vzw, Division Imomec Associated Laboratory, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium
| | - A Hardy
- Design and Synthesis of Inorganic Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMEC vzw, Division Imomec Associated Laboratory, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium
| | - H Hamed
- Electrochemical Engineering, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMEC vzw, Division Imomec Associated Laboratory, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - D Desta
- Nano Structure Physics, Materials Physics, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - H-G Boyen
- Nano Structure Physics, Materials Physics, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - S Schreurs
- Nuclear Technology Centre (NuTeC), Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - M Safari
- Electrochemical Engineering, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMEC vzw, Division Imomec Associated Laboratory, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - W Marchal
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - D Vandamme
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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2
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Bukhari H, Iqbal AM, Awan SU, Hussain D, Shah SA, Rizwan S. Intercalation of C60 into MXene Multilayers: A Promising Approach for Enhancing the Electrochemical Properties of Electrode Materials for High-Performance Energy Storage Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:227-238. [PMID: 38222541 PMCID: PMC10785070 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we report on the enhancement of the electrochemical properties of MXene by intercalating C60 nanoparticles between its layers. The aim was to increase the interlayer spacing of MXene, which has a direct effect on capacitance by allowing the electrolyte flow in the electrode. To achieve this, various concentrations of Ti3SiC2 (known as MXene) and C60 nanocomposites were prepared through a hydrothermal process under optimal conditions. The resulting composites were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Electrodes were fabricated using different concentrations of MXene and C60 nanocomposites, and current-voltage (I-V) measurements were performed at various scan rates to analyze the capacitance of pseudo supercapacitors. The results showed the highest capacitance of 348 F g1- for the nanocomposite with a composition of 90% MXene and 10% C60. We introduce MXene-C60 composites as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors and highlight their unique properties. Our work provides a new approach to designing high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors, which can have significant implications for the development of efficient energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Bukhari
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Asad M. Iqbal
- Department
of Basic Sciences and Humanities, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ullah Awan
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Danish Hussain
- Department
of Mechatronics Engineering, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Saqlain A. Shah
- Department
of Physics, Forman Christian College (University), Lahore 54600,Pakistan
| | - Syed Rizwan
- Physics
Characterization and Simulation Lab (PCSL), Department of Physics,
School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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3
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Ahmad A, Gondal MA, Hassan M, Iqbal R, Ullah S, Alzahrani AS, Memon WA, Mabood F, Melhi S. Preparation and Characterization of Physically Activated Carbon and Its Energetic Application for All-Solid-State Supercapacitors: A Case Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21653-21663. [PMID: 37360487 PMCID: PMC10286292 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived activated carbons have gained significant attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) due to their renewability, low-cost, and ready availability. In this work, we have derived physically activated carbon from date seed biomass as symmetric electrodes and PVA/KOH has been used as a gel polymer electrolyte for all-solid-state SCs. Initially, the date seed biomass was carbonized at 600 °C (C-600) and then it was used to obtain physically activated carbon through CO2 activation at 850 °C (C-850). The SEM and TEM images of C-850 displayed its porous, flaky, and multilayer type morphologies. The fabricated electrodes from C-850 with PVA/KOH electrolytes showed the best electrochemical performances in SCs (Lu et al. Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, 7, 2160) application. Cyclic voltammetry was performed from 5 to 100 mV s-1, illustrating an electric double layer behavior. The C-850 electrode delivered a specific capacitance of 138.12 F g-1 at 5 mV s-1, whereas it retained 16 F g-1 capacitance at 100 mV s-1. Our assembled all-solid-state SCs exhibit an energy density of 9.6 Wh kg-1 with a power density of 87.86 W kg-1. The internal and charge transfer resistances of the assembled SCs were 0.54 and 17.86 Ω, respectively. These innovative findings provide a universal and KOH-free activation process for the synthesis of physically activated carbon for all solid-state SCs applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5040, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ashraf Gondal
- Laser
Research Group, Physics Department and IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5047, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- K.A.CARE
Energy Research & Innovation Center (ERIC), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Laser
Research Group, Physics Department and IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5047, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- College
of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Sami Ullah
- K.A.CARE
Energy Research & Innovation Center (ERIC), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Saeed Alzahrani
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5040, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqar Ali Memon
- Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beiyitiao No. 11, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fazal Mabood
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Charbagh, KP 19120, Pakistan
| | - Saad Melhi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Alvarez-Diazcomas A, Estévez-Bén AA, Rodríguez-Reséndiz J, Carrillo-Serrano RV, Álvarez-Alvarado JM. A High-Efficiency Capacitor-Based Battery Equalizer for Electric Vehicles. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23115009. [PMID: 37299739 DOI: 10.3390/s23115009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Technology in electric vehicles has increased substantially in the past decade. Moreover, it is projected to grow at record highs in the coming years since these vehicles are needed to reduce the contamination related to the transportation sector. One of the essential elements of an electric car is its battery, due to its cost. Batteries comprise parallel and series-connected cell arrangements to meet the power system requirements. Therefore, they require a cell equalizer circuit to preserve their safety and correct operation. These circuits keep a specific variable of all cells, such as the voltage, within a particular range. Within cell equalizers, capacitor-based ones are very common as they have many desirable characteristics of the ideal equalizer. In this work, an equalizer based on the switched-capacitor is proposed. A switch is added to this technology that allows the disconnection of the capacitor from the circuit. In this way, an equalization process can be achieved without excess transfers. Therefore, a more efficient and faster process can be completed. In addition, it allows another equalization variable to be used, such as the state of charge. This paper studies the operation, power design, and controller design of the converter. Moreover, the proposed equalizer was compared to other capacitor-based architectures. Finally, simulation results were presented to validate the theoretical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adyr A Estévez-Bén
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
| | | | | | - José M Álvarez-Alvarado
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
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5
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Baachaoui S, Mabrouk W, Rabti A, Ghodbane O, Raouafi N. Laser-induced graphene electrodes scribed onto novel carbon black-doped polyethersulfone membranes for flexible high-performance microsupercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 646:1-10. [PMID: 37178610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A facile and expandable methodology was successfully developed to fabricate laser-induced graphene from novel pristine aminated polyethersulfone (amPES) membranes. The as-prepared materials were applied as flexible electrodes for microsupercapacitors. The doping of amPES membranes with various weight percentages of carbon black (CB) microparticles was then performed to improve their energy storage performance. The lasing process allowed the formation of sulfur- and nitrogen-codoped graphene electrodes. The effect of electrolyte on the electrochemical performance of as-prepared electrodes was investigated and the specific capacitance was significantly enhanced in 0.5 M HClO4. Remarkably, the highest areal capacitance of 47.3 mF·cm-2 was achieved at a current density of 0.25 mA·cm-2. This capacitance is approximately 12.3 times higher than the average value for commonly used polyimide membranes. Furthermore, the energy and power densities were as high as 9.46 µWh·cm-2 and 0.3 mW·cm-2 at 0.25 mA·cm-2, respectively. The galvanostatic charge-discharge experiments confirmed the excellent performance and stability of amPES membranes during 5,000 cycles, where more than 100% of capacitance retention was achieved and the coulombic efficiency was improved up to 96.67%. Consequently, the fabricated CB-doped PES membranes offer several advantages including low carbon fingerprint, cost-effectiveness, high electrochemical performance and potential applications in wearable electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Baachaoui
- University of Tunis El Manar, Chemistry Department, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Lab (LR99ES15), Tunis El Manar 2092, Tunisia
| | - Walid Mabrouk
- CERTE, Laboratory Water, Membranes and Environmental Biotechnology, Water Research and Technologies Center, Technologic Park Borj Cedria, BP 273, Soliman 8020, Tunisia
| | - Amal Rabti
- National Institute of Research and Physicochemical Analysis (INRAP), Laboratory of Materials, Treatment, and Analysis (LMTA), Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Ouassim Ghodbane
- National Institute of Research and Physicochemical Analysis (INRAP), Laboratory of Materials, Treatment, and Analysis (LMTA), Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Raouafi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Chemistry Department, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Lab (LR99ES15), Tunis El Manar 2092, Tunisia.
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6
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Costa LH, Vicentini R, Almeida Silva T, Vilela Franco D, Morais Da Silva L, Zanin H. Identification and quantification of the distributed capacitance and ionic resistance in carbon-based supercapacitors using electrochemical techniques and the analysis of the charge-storage dynamics. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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7
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Amorphous carbon interweaved mesoporous all-carbon electrode for wide-temperature range supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Quek G, Roehrich B, Su Y, Sepunaru L, Bazan GC. Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Underexplored Materials for Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104206. [PMID: 34626021 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are characterized by an electronically delocalized backbone bearing ionic functionalities. These features lead to properties relevant for use in energy-storing pseudocapacitor devices, including ionic conductivity, water processability, gel-formation, and formation of polaronic species stabilized by electrostatic interactions. In this Perspective, the basis for evaluating the figures of merit for pseudocapacitors is provided, together with the techniques used for their evaluation. The general utility and challenges encountered with neutral conjugated polymers are then discussed. Finally, recent advances on the use of CPEs in pseudocapacitor devices are reviewed. The article is concluded by discussing how their miscibility in aqueous media permits the incorporation of CPEs in living materials that are capable of switching function from extraction of energy from bacterial metabolic pathways to pseudocapacitor energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Quek
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Brian Roehrich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Building 232, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Yude Su
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Lior Sepunaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Building 232, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
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9
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Shivasharma TK, Bommineedi LK, Sankapal BR. Pseudocapacitive nanostructured silver selenide thin film through room temperature chemical route: First approach towards supercapacitive application. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Gittins JW, Balhatchet CJ, Chen Y, Liu C, Madden DG, Britto S, Golomb MJ, Walsh A, Fairen-Jimenez D, Dutton SE, Forse AC. Insights into the electric double-layer capacitance of two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2021; 9:16006-16015. [PMID: 34354834 PMCID: PMC8315177 DOI: 10.1039/d1ta04026j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising model electrodes for use in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). However, a number of fundamental questions about the behaviour of this class of materials in EDLCs remain unanswered, including the effect of the identity of the metal node and organic linker molecule on capacitive performance, and the limitations of current conductive MOFs in these devices relative to traditional activated carbon electrode materials. Herein, we address both these questions via a detailed study of the capacitive performance of the framework Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) with an acetonitrile-based electrolyte, finding a specific capacitance of 110-114 F g-1 at current densities of 0.04-0.05 A g-1 and a modest rate capability. By directly comparing its performance with the previously reported analogue, Ni3(HITP)2 (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene), we illustrate that capacitive performance is largely independent of the identity of the metal node and organic linker molecule in these nearly isostructural MOFs. Importantly, this result suggests that EDLC performance in general is uniquely defined by the 3D structure of the electrodes and the electrolyte, a significant finding not demonstrated using traditional electrode materials. Finally, we probe the limitations of Cu3(HHTP)2 in EDLCs, finding a limited stable double-layer voltage window of 1 V and only a modest capacitance retention of 81% over 30 000 cycles, both significantly lower than state-of-the-art porous carbons. These important insights will aid the design of future conductive MOFs with greater EDLC performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie W Gittins
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Chloe J Balhatchet
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Yuan Chen
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
- The Faraday Institution Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - Cheng Liu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - David G Madden
- Adsorption & Advanced Materials Laboratory (A2ML), Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Sylvia Britto
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DE UK
| | - Matthias J Golomb
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - David Fairen-Jimenez
- Adsorption & Advanced Materials Laboratory (A2ML), Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Siân E Dutton
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Alexander C Forse
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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11
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Nunes WG, Miranda AN, Freitas B, Vicentini R, Oliveira AC, Doubek G, Freitas RG, Da Silva LM, Zanin H. Charge-storage mechanism of highly defective NiO nanostructures on carbon nanofibers in electrochemical supercapacitors. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:9590-9605. [PMID: 33978661 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An electrode composed of highly defective nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures supported on carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and immersed in an Li+-based aqueous electrolyte is studied using Raman spectroscopy under dynamic polarization conditions to address the charge-storage phenomenon. By this operando technique, the formation of Li2SO4·H2O during the discharge process is verified. At the same time, we observed the phase transformation of NiO to NiOOH. The Ni(OH)2/NiOOH redox couple is responsible for the pseudocapacitive behavior with intercalation of cationic species in the different Ni structures. A 'substitutive solid-state redox reaction' is proposed to represent the amphoteric nature of the oxide, resulting in proton intercalation, while the insertion of Li+ occurs to a less extent. The electrode material exhibits outstanding stability with 98% coulombic efficiency after 10 000 charge-discharge cycles. The excellent electrode properties can be ascribed to a synergism between CNFs and NiO, where the carbon nanostructures ensured rapid electron transport from the hydrated nickel nanoparticles. The NiO@CNF composite material is a promising candidate for future applications in aqueous-based supercapacitors. DFT simulation elucidates that compressive stress and Ni-site displacement lead to a decrease up-to 3.5-fold on the electron density map located onto the Ni-atom, which promotes NiO/Ni(OH)2/NiOOH transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian G Nunes
- Advanced Energy Storage Division, Center for Innovation on New Energies, Carbon Sci-Tech Labs, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein 400, Campinas, SP 13083-852, Brazil.
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12
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A Multi-Channel Fast Impedance Spectroscopy Instrument Developed for Quality Assurance of Super-Capacitors. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14041139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Conventional experimental methods for testing the performance of super-capacitors include the measurement of capacitance through charge and discharge, measurement of equivalent series resistance (ESR) and measurement of self-discharge and the equivalent circuit model (ECM) by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). However, the methods are not suitable for the mass production line of supercapacitors since they require a long time for the test and several kinds of different instrument. EIS is an attractive method to evaluate the performance of supercapacitors except that it takes a long time for a single test. In this paper a fast EIS instrument suitable for quality assurance for the mass production of supercapacitors is proposed. In order to reduce the time for the test, a multi-sine sweeping method is used for the EIS test and the results are analyzed by extracting the parameters of the ECM to evaluate the performance of the supercapacitors. The proposed instrument is developed to have multi-channel to further decrease the time for the test with a supercapacitor. It is also presented as to how the extracted parameter values of the ECM can be used to evaluate the performance of the supercapacitor.
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13
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Abstract
This paper presents impedance measurements of ferroelectric structures involving lead-free oxide and polymer-oxide composite coatings for sensing and energy harvesting applications. Three different ferroelectric materials grown by conventional microfabrication technologies on solid or flexible substrates are investigated for their basic resonant characteristics. Equivalent electrical circuit models are applied to all cases to explain the electrical behavior of the structures, according to the materials type and thickness. The analytical results show good agreement with the experiments carried out on a basic types of excited thin-film piezoelectric transducers. Additionally, temperature and frequency dependences of the dielectric permittivity and losses are measured for the polymer-oxide composite device in relation with the surface morphology before and after introduction of the polymer to the functional film.
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14
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A rational experimental approach to identify correctly the working voltage window of aqueous-based supercapacitors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19195. [PMID: 33154430 PMCID: PMC7644765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is common to find in the literature different values for the working voltage window (WVW) range for aqueous-based supercapacitors. In many cases, even with the best intentions of the widening the operating voltage window, the measured current using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique includes a significant contribution from the irreversible Faradaic reactions involved in the water-splitting process, masked by fast scan rates. Sometimes even using low scan rates is hard to determine precisely the correct WVW of the aqueous-based electrochemical capacitor. In this sense, we discuss here the best practices to determine the WVW for capacitive current in an absence of water splitting using complementary techniques such as CV, chronoamperometry (CA), and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). To accomplish this end, we prepare and present a model system composed of multiwalled carbon nanotubes buckypaper electrodes housed in the symmetric coin cell and soaked with an aqueous-based electrolyte. The system electrochemical characteristics are carefully evaluated during the progressive enlargement of the cell voltage window. The presence of residual Faradaic current is verified in the transients from the CA study, as well as the impedance changes revealed by EIS as a function of the applied voltage, is discussed. We verify that an apparent voltage window of 2.0 V determined using the CV technique is drastically decreased to 1.2 V after a close inspection of the CA findings used to discriminate the presence of a parasitic Faradaic process. Some orientations are presented to instigate the establishment in the literature of some good scientific practices concerned with the reliable characterization of supercapacitors.
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Migliorini L, Santaniello T, Borghi F, Saettone P, Comes Franchini M, Generali G, Milani P. Eco-Friendly Supercapacitors Based on Biodegradable Poly(3-Hydroxy-Butyrate) and Ionic Liquids. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2062. [PMID: 33086532 PMCID: PMC7603249 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The interest for biodegradable electronic devices is rapidly increasing for application in the field of wearable electronics, precision agriculture, biomedicine, and environmental monitoring. Energy storage devices integrated on polymeric substrates are of particular interest to enable the large-scale on field use of complex devices. This work presents a novel class of eco-friendly supercapacitors based on biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrrate) PHB, ionic liquids, and cluster-assembled gold electrodes. By electrochemical characterization, we demonstrate the possibility of tuning the supercapacitor energetic performance according to the type and amount of the ionic liquid employed. Our devices based on hydrophobic plastic materials are stable under cyclic operation and resistant to moisture exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Migliorini
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy; (L.M.); (T.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Tommaso Santaniello
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy; (L.M.); (T.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesca Borghi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy; (L.M.); (T.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Paolo Saettone
- Bio-On spa, Via Santa Margherita al Colle 10/3, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (P.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Mauro Comes Franchini
- Bio-On spa, Via Santa Margherita al Colle 10/3, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (P.S.); (G.G.)
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Generali
- Bio-On spa, Via Santa Margherita al Colle 10/3, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (P.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Paolo Milani
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy; (L.M.); (T.S.); (F.B.)
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Bommalapura Hanumaiah A, Al-Gunaid MQA, Siddaramaiah. Performance of nano-K-doped zirconate on modified opto-electrical and electrochemical properties of gelatin biopolymer nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Comprehensive Study on Dynamic Parameters of Symmetric and Asymmetric Ultracapacitors. ELECTRONICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics8080891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrical storage components such as ultracapacitors (UC) have received significant attention from various industrial sectors, from electric vehicles to renewable power plants. This article presents the investigations on dynamic properties of asymmetric Li-ion hybrid (CPQ2300S: 2300 F, 2.2–3.8 V, JSR Co., Tokyo, Japan) and symmetric double-layer (BCAP3400: 3400 F, 2.85 V, Maxwell Technologies Co., San Diego, CA, USA) ultracapacitors. The internal resistance and capacitance of both UCs were slightly changed with respect to current and voltage alterations, but these changes were more prominent for the Li-ion UC. The internal resistance of the Li-ion UC became five times larger and its capacitance decreased significantly when the temperature decreased from +25 °C to −20 °C. More importantly, the double-layer UC exhibited nearly constant capacitance for a wide range of temperature changes (0 °C to −40 °C), although internal resistance increased somewhat. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis of both UCs was performed for the frequency range of 1 Hz–1 kHz and in the temperature range from −15 °C to +30 °C. It was observed that the temperature effects were much more pronounced for the asymmetric Li-ion UC than that of the symmetric double-layer UC. This work also proposes an improved equivalent circuit model based on an infinite number of resistance-capacitance (r–C) chains. The characteristic behavior of symmetric UCs can be explained precisely by the proposed model. This model is also applicable to asymmetric UCs, but with less precision.
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