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Rahbari R, Francis L, Guy OJ, Sharma S, Von Ruhland C, Xia Z. Microneedle-Assisted Transfersomes as a Transdermal Delivery System for Aspirin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:57. [PMID: 38258069 PMCID: PMC10819469 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems offer several advantages over conventional oral or hypodermic administration due to the avoidance of first-pass drug metabolism and gastrointestinal degradation as well as patients' convenience due to a minimally invasive and painless approach. A novel transdermal drug delivery system, comprising a combination of transfersomes with either solid silicon or solid polycarbonate microneedles has been developed for the transdermal delivery of aspirin. Aspirin was encapsulated inside transfersomes using a "thin-film hydration sonication" technique, yielding an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 67.5%. The fabricated transfersomes have been optimised and fully characterised in terms of average size distribution and uniformity, surface charge and stability (shelf-life). Transdermal delivery, enhanced by microneedle penetration, allows the superior permeation of transfersomes into perforated porcine skin and has been extensively characterised using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro permeation studies revealed that transfersomes enhanced the permeability of aspirin by more than four times in comparison to the delivery of unencapsulated "free" aspirin. The microneedle-assisted delivery of transfersomes encapsulating aspirin yielded 13-fold and 10-fold increases in permeation using silicon and polycarbonate microneedles, respectively, in comparison with delivery using only transfersomes. The cytotoxicity of different dose regimens of transfersomes encapsulating aspirin showed that encapsulated aspirin became cytotoxic at concentrations of ≥100 μg/mL. The results presented demonstrate that the transfersomes could resolve the solubility issues of low-water-soluble drugs and enable their slow and controlled release. Microneedles enhance the delivery of transfersomes into deeper skin layers, providing a very effective system for the systemic delivery of drugs. This combined drug delivery system can potentially be utilised for numerous drug treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raha Rahbari
- Centre for Nanohealth, Institute of Life Science 2, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Lewis Francis
- Centre for Nanohealth, Institute of Life Science 2, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Owen J. Guy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;
| | - Sanjiv Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Christopher Von Ruhland
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Central Biotechnology Services, Institute for Translation, Innovation, Methodology and Engagement, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
| | - Zhidao Xia
- Centre for Nanohealth, Institute of Life Science 2, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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2
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Arcuri D, Ramchatesingh B, Lagacé F, Iannattone L, Netchiporouk E, Lefrançois P, Litvinov IV. Pharmacological Agents Used in the Prevention and Treatment of Actinic Keratosis: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054989. [PMID: 36902419 PMCID: PMC10003023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is among the most commonly diagnosed skin diseases with potentially life-threatening repercussions if left untreated. Usage of pharmacologic agents represents one of many therapeutic strategies that can be used to help manage these lesions. Ongoing research into these compounds continues to change our clinical understanding as to which agents most benefit particular patient populations. Indeed, factors such as past personal medical history, lesion location and tolerability of therapy only represent a few considerations that clinicians must account for when prescribing appropriate treatment. This review focuses on specific drugs used in either the prevention or treatment of AKs. Nicotinamide, acitretin and topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) continue to be used with fidelity in the chemoprevention of actinic keratosis, although some uncertainty persists in regard to which agents should be used in immunocompetent vs. immunodeficient/immunosuppressed patients. Topical 5-FU, including combination formulations with either calcipotriol or salicylic acid, as well as imiquimod, diclofenac and photodynamic light therapy are all accepted treatment strategies employed to target and eliminate AKs. Five percent of 5-FU is regarded as the most effective therapy in the condition, although the literature has conflictingly shown that lower concentrations of the drug might also be as effective. Topical diclofenac (3%) appears to be less efficacious than 5% 5-FU, 3.75-5% imiquimod and photodynamic light therapy despite its favorable side effect profile. Finally, traditional photodynamic light therapy, while painful, appears to be of higher efficacy in comparison to its more tolerable counterpart, daylight phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Arcuri
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | - François Lagacé
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Lisa Iannattone
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | | | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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3
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Wu Y, Wang M, Li Y, Xia H, Cheng Y, Liu C, Xia Y, Wang Y, Yue Y, Cheng X, Xie Z. The Fabrication of Docetaxel-Containing Emulsion for Drug Release Kinetics and Lipid Peroxidation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14101993. [PMID: 36297429 PMCID: PMC9607308 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX)-based formulation development is still confronted with significant challenges, due to its refractory solubility and side effects on normal tissues. Inspired by the application of the transdermal drug delivery model to topical treatment, we developed a biocompatible and slow-release DTX-containing emulsion via self-assembly prepared by a high-speed electric stirring method and optimized the formulation. The results of accelerated the emulsion stability experiment showed that the emulsion prepared at 10,000 rpm/min had a stability of 89.15 ± 2.05%. The ADME, skin irritation, skin toxicity and molecular interaction between DTX and excipients were predicted via Discovery Studio 2016 software. In addition, DTX addition in oil or water phases of the emulsion showed different release rates in vitro and ex vivo. The DTX release ex vivo of the DTX/O-containing emulsion and the DTX/W-containing emulsion were 45.07 ± 5.41% and 96.48 ± 4.54%, respectively. In vitro antioxidant assays and anti-lipid peroxidation models revealed the antioxidant potential of DTX. However, DTX-containing emulsions could maintain and even enhance the antioxidant effect, both scavenging free radicals in vitro and inhibiting the process of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yufan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Hongmei Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (Y.C.); Tel./Fax: +86-13965033210 (H.X.)
| | - Yongfeng Cheng
- Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (Y.C.); Tel./Fax: +86-13965033210 (H.X.)
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Ying Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yan Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xiaoman Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zili Xie
- Anhui Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei 230051, China
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4
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Basheeruddin M, Khan S, Ahmed N, Jamal S. Effect of pH on Diclofenac–Lysozyme Interaction: Structural and Functional Aspect. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:872905. [PMID: 35898307 PMCID: PMC9309515 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.872905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, diclofenac (DCF) is used in the treatment of a variety of human ailments. It has already been reported that the use of this class of drugs for a longer duration is associated with numerous side effects such as cardiovascular implications, reno-medullary complications, etc. In the present study, the effect of DCF on the structure, stability, and function of lysozyme was studied. The study was designed to examine the effect of DCF only at various pH values. Heat-induced denaturation of lysozyme was analyzed in the presence and absence of various molar concentrations of DCF at different pH values. The values of thermodynamic parameters, the midpoint of denaturation (Tm), enthalpy change at Tm (ΔHm), constant pressure heat capacity change (ΔCp), and Gibbs energy change at 25°C (ΔGDo), thus obtained under a given set of conditions (pH and molar concentration of DCF), demonstrated the following 1) DCF destabilized lysozyme with respect of Tm and ΔGDo at all the pH values, 2) the magnitude of protein destabilization is lesser at acidic pH than at physiological pH, 3) structural changes in lysozyme are less projecting at pH 2.0 than at pH 7.0, and 4) quenching is observed at both pH values. Furthermore, the process of protein destabilization in the presence of DCF is entropically driven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shazia Jamal
- *Correspondence: Shazia Jamal, , orcid.org/0000-0003-4555-9513
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5
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Janicka N, Sałek A, Sawińska M, Kuchar E, Wiela-Hojeńska A, Karłowicz-Bodalska K. Effects of Non-Opioid Analgesics on the Cell Membrane of Skin and Gastrointestinal Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137096. [PMID: 35806101 PMCID: PMC9266389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin and gastrointestinal cancer cells are the target of research by many scientists due to the increasing morbidity and mortality rates around the world. New indications for drugs used in various conditions are being discovered. Non-opioid analgesics are worth noting as very popular, widely available, relatively cheap medications. They also have the ability to modulate the membrane components of tumor cells. The aim of this review is to analyze the impact of diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, acetylsalicylic acid and paracetamol on skin and gastrointestinal cancers cell membrane. These drugs may affect the membrane through topical application, at the in vitro and in vivo level after oral or parenteral administration. They can lead to up- or downregulated expression of receptors, transporters and other molecules associated with plasma membrane. Medications may also alter the lipid bilayer composition of membrane, resulting in changes in its integrity and fluidity. Described modulations can cause the visualization of cancer cells, enhanced response of the immune system and the initiation of cell death. The outcome of this is inhibition of progression or reduction of tumor mass and supports chemotherapy. In conclusion, non-opioid analgesics may be used in the future as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Janicka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (N.J.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Sałek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (N.J.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Magdalena Sawińska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (N.J.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Ernest Kuchar
- Department of Pediatrics with Clinical Assessment Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Wiela-Hojeńska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Karłowicz-Bodalska
- Department of Drugs Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Tartaglione MF, Eléxpuru Zabaleta M, Lazzarini R, Piva F, Busilacchi EM, Poloni A, Ledda C, Rapisarda V, Santarelli L, Bracci M. Apoptotic mechanism activated by blue light and cisplatinum in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:48. [PMID: 33576463 PMCID: PMC7891828 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
New approaches are being studied for the treatment of skin cancer. It has been reported that light combined with cisplatinum may be effective against skin cancer. In the present study, the effects of specific light radiations and cisplatinum on A431 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and HaCaT non-tumorigenic cell lines were investigated. Both cell lines were exposed to blue and red light sources for 3 days prior to cisplatinum treatment. Viability, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and apoptotic-related protein expression levels were investigated. The present results highlighted that combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum was more effective in reducing cell viability compared with single treatments. Specifically, an increase in the apoptotic rate was observed when the cells were treated with blue light and cisplatinum, as compared to treatment with blue light or cisplatinum alone. Combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum also caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase. Treatment with cisplatinum following light exposure induced the expression of apoptotic proteins in the A431 and HaCaT cell lines, which tended to follow different apoptotic mechanisms. On the whole, these data indicate that blue light combined with cisplatinum may be a promising treatment for cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fiorella Tartaglione
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - María Eléxpuru Zabaleta
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Marinelli Busilacchi
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
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Pontón I, Martí del Rio A, Gómez Gómez M, Sánchez-García D. Preparation and Applications of Organo-Silica Hybrid Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Co-Delivery of Drugs and Nucleic Acids. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2466. [PMID: 33317099 PMCID: PMC7763534 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapies rely on the administration of more than one drug, with independent mechanisms of action, aiming to enhance the efficiency of the treatment. For an optimal performance, the implementation of such therapies requires the delivery of the correct combination of drugs to a specific cellular target. In this context, the use of nanoparticles (NP) as platforms for the co-delivery of multiple drugs is considered a highly promising strategy. In particular, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have emerged as versatile building blocks to devise complex drug delivery systems (DDS). This review describes the design, synthesis, and application of MSNs to the delivery of multiple drugs including nucleic acids for combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David Sánchez-García
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (I.P.); (A.M.d.R.); (M.G.G.)
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8
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Tampucci S, Guazzelli L, Burgalassi S, Carpi S, Chetoni P, Mezzetta A, Nieri P, Polini B, Pomelli CS, Terreni E, Monti D. pH-Responsive Nanostructures Based on Surface Active Fatty Acid-Protic Ionic Liquids for Imiquimod Delivery in Skin Cancer Topical Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111078. [PMID: 33187215 PMCID: PMC7697672 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For topical treatment of skin cancer, the design of pH-responsive nanocarriers able to selectively release the drug in the tumor acidic microenvironment represents a reliable option for targeted delivery. In this context, a series of newly synthesized surface-active fatty acid-protic ionic liquids (FA-PILs), based on tetramethylguanidinium cation and different natural hydrophobic fatty acid carboxylates, have been investigated with the aim of developing a pH-sensitive nanostructured drug delivery system for cutaneous administration in the skin cancer therapy. The capability of FA-PILs to arrange in micelles when combined with each other and with the non-ionic surfactant d-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (vitamin E TPGS) as well as their ability to solubilize imiquimod, an immuno-stimulant drug used for the treatment of skin cancerous lesions, have been demonstrated. The FA-PILs-TPGS mixed micelles showed pH-sensitivity, suggesting that the acidic environment of cancer cells can trigger nanostructures’ swelling and collapse with consequent rapid release of imiquimod and drug cytotoxic potential enhancement. The in vitro permeation/penetration study showed that the micellar formulation produced effective imiquimod concentrations into the skin exposed to acid environment, representing a potential efficacious and selective drug delivery system able to trigger the drug release in the tumor tissues, at lower and less irritating drug concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tampucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (L.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (L.G.)
| | - Susi Burgalassi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Chetoni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Andrea Mezzetta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Christian Silvio Pomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Eleonora Terreni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
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Lucarini L, Durante M, Sgambellone S, Lanzi C, Bigagli E, Akgul O, Masini E, Supuran CT, Carta F. Effects of New NSAID-CAI Hybrid Compounds in Inflammation and Lung Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091307. [PMID: 32927723 PMCID: PMC7564963 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe lung disease with progressive worsening of dyspnea, characterized by chronic inflammation and remodeling of lung parenchyma. Carbonic anhydrases are a family of zinc-metallo-enzymes that catalyze the reversible interconversion of carbon-dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (CAI) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in animals with permanent-middle-cerebral artery occlusion, arthritis and neuropathic pain. The pharmacological profile of a new class of hybrid compounds constituted by a CAI connected to a Nonsteroidal-Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) was studied in the modulation of inflammation and fibrosis. In-vitro tests were performed to assess their effects on cyclo-oxygenase enzyme (COX)-1 and COX-2, namely inhibition of platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 production in the human-platelet-rich plasma, and reduction of Prostaglandin-E2 production in lipopolysaccharide-treated-RAW-264.7 macrophage cell line. The activity of compound 3, one of the most active, was studied in a model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in C57BL/6 mice. The hybrid compounds showed a higher potency in inhibiting PGE2 production, but not in modifying the platelet aggregation and the TXB2 production in comparison to the reference molecules, indicating an increased activity in COX-2 inhibition. In the in-vivo murine model, the compound 3 was more effective in decreasing inflammation, lung stiffness and oxidative stress in comparison to the reference drugs given alone or in association. In conclusion, these CAI-NSAID hybrid compounds are promising new anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of lung chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-2758299
| | - Mariaconcetta Durante
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Silvia Sgambellone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Cecilia Lanzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Bigagli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Ozlem Akgul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ege University Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical Science Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.T.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical Science Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.T.S.); (F.C.)
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Moreno E, Calvo A, Schwartz J, Navarro-Blasco I, González-Peñas E, Sanmartín C, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Retention of Topical Dapsone in Murine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesions. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E607. [PMID: 31766282 PMCID: PMC6920985 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral administration of dapsone (DAP) for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is effective, although serious hematological side effects limit its use. In this study, we evaluated this drug for the topical treatment of CL. As efficacy depends on potency and skin penetration, we first determined its antileishmanial activity (IC50 = 100 μM) and selectivity index in vitro against Leishmania major-infected macrophages. In order to evaluate the skin penetration ex vivo, we compared an O/W cream containing DAP that had been micronized with a pluronic lecithin emulgel, in which the drug was solubilized with diethylene glycol monoethyl ether. For both formulations we obtained similar low flux values that increased when the stratum corneum and the epidermis were removed. In vivo efficacy studies performed on L. major-infected BALB/c mice revealed that treatment not only failed to cure the lesions but made their evolution and appearance worse. High plasma drug levels were detected and were concomitant with anemia and iron accumulation in the spleen. This side effect was correlated with a reduction of parasite burden in this organ. Our results evidenced that DAP in these formulations does not have an adequate safety index for use in the topical therapy of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alba Calvo
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
| | - Juana Schwartz
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
| | - Iñigo Navarro-Blasco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Elena González-Peñas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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